Malachi 1:12

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Malachi.1.12", "source": "וְאַתֶּ֖ם מְחַלְּלִ֣ים אוֹת֑וֹ בֶּאֱמָרְכֶ֗ם שֻׁלְחַ֤ן אֲדֹנָי֙ מְגֹאָ֣ל ה֔וּא וְנִיב֖וֹ נִבְזֶ֥ה אָכְלֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wəʾattem* *məḥalləlîm* *ʾôṯô* *beʾĕmārḵem* *šulḥan* *ʾăḏōnāy* *məḡōʾāl* *hûʾ* *wənîḇô* *niḇzeh* *ʾāḵəlô*", "grammar": { "*wəʾattem*": "conjunction + pronoun, 2nd person masculine plural - but/and you", "*məḥalləlîm*": "participle, Piel masculine plural - profane/defile/pollute", "*ʾôṯô*": "direct object marker + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - it", "*beʾĕmārḵem*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - in your saying", "*šulḥan*": "noun, masculine singular construct - table of", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st person singular suffix - my Lord", "*məḡōʾāl*": "participle, Pual masculine singular - defiled/polluted", "*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - it/he", "*wənîḇô*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and its fruit/food", "*niḇzeh*": "participle, Niphal masculine singular - despised/contemptible", "*ʾāḵəlô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its food" }, "variants": { "*məḥalləlîm*": "profane/defile/pollute", "*šulḥan* *ʾăḏōnāy*": "table of the Lord/Lord's table/altar of the Lord", "*məḡōʾāl*": "defiled/polluted/unclean", "*nîḇô*": "its fruit/its food/its produce", "*niḇzeh*": "despised/contemptible/to be despised", "*ʾāḵəlô*": "its food/its provision/what is eaten" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְאַתֶּ֖ם מְחַלְּלִ֣ים אוֹת֑וֹ בֶּאֱמָרְכֶ֗ם שֻׁלְחַ֤ן אֲדֹנָי֙ מְגֹאָ֣ל ה֔וּא וְנִיב֖וֹ נִבְזֶ֥ה אָכְלֽוֹ׃

Transliteration

wəʾattem məḥalləlîm ʾôṯô beʾĕmārḵem šulḥan ʾăḏōnāy məḡōʾāl hûʾ wənîḇô niḇzeh ʾāḵəlô

Grammar Details

• *wəʾattem*: conjunction + pronoun, 2nd person masculine plural - but/and you
• *məḥalləlîm*: participle, Piel masculine plural - profane/defile/pollute
• *ʾôṯô*: direct object marker + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - it
• *beʾĕmārḵem*: preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - in your saying
• *šulḥan*: noun, masculine singular construct - table of
• *ʾăḏōnāy*: noun, masculine plural + 1st person singular suffix - my Lord
• *məḡōʾāl*: participle, Pual masculine singular - defiled/polluted
• *hûʾ*: pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - it/he
• *wənîḇô*: conjunction + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and its fruit/food
• *niḇzeh*: participle, Niphal masculine singular - despised/contemptible
• *ʾāḵəlô*: noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its food

Word Meanings

• *məḥalləlîm*: profane/defile/pollute
• *šulḥan* *ʾăḏōnāy*: table of the Lord/Lord's table/altar of the Lord
• *məḡōʾāl*: defiled/polluted/unclean
• *nîḇô*: its fruit/its food/its produce
• *niḇzeh*: despised/contemptible/to be despised
• *ʾāḵəlô*: its food/its provision/what is eaten

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  But you profane it by saying, 'The LORD's table is defiled, and its food is contemptible.'

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  But ye have profaned it, in that ye say, The table of the LORD is polluted; and the fruit thereof, even his meat, is contemptible.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  But you have profaned it, in that you say, The table of the LORD is defiled; and its produce, even its food, is contemptible.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  But ye have profaned it, in that ye say, The table of the LORD is polluted; and the fruit thereof, even his meat, is contemptible.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  But ye profane it, in that ye say, The table of Jehovah is polluted, and the fruit thereof, even its food, is contemptible.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  But ye have profaned it, in that ye say, The table of the LORD is polluted; and the fruit thereof, even his meat, is contemptible.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  But ye haue vnhalowed it, in that ye saye, the aulter of ye LORDE is not to be regarded, and the thinge that is set thervpon, not worthy to be eaten.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  But ye haue polluted it, in that ye say, The table of the Lord is polluted & the fruit thereof, euen his meat is not to be regarded.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  But ye haue polluted it, in that ye say, The table of the Lord is polluted, & the fruite thereof, euen his meate is not to be regarded.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  But ye have profaned it, in that ye say, The table of the LORD [is] polluted; and the fruit thereof, [even] his meat, [is] contemptible.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  "But you profane it, in that you say, 'Yahweh's table is polluted, and its fruit, even its food, is contemptible.'

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And ye are polluting it in your saying, `The table of Jehovah -- it is polluted, As to its fruit -- despicable is its food.'

• American Standard Version (1901)

  But ye profane it, in that ye say, The table of Jehovah is polluted, and the fruit thereof, even its food, is contemptible.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  But ye profane it, in that ye say, The table of Jehovah is polluted, and the fruit thereof, even its food, is contemptible.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  But you make it unholy by saying, The Lord's table has become unclean, and his food is of no value.

• World English Bible (2000)

  "But you profane it, in that you say, 'Yahweh's table is polluted, and its fruit, even its food, is contemptible.'

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  “But you are profaning it by saying that the table of the Lord is common and its offerings despicable.

Referenced Verses

• Num 11:4-8 : 4 { "verseID": "Numbers.11.4", "source": "וְהָֽאסַפְסֻף֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּקִרְבּ֔וֹ הִתְאַוּ֖וּ תַּאֲוָ֑ה וַיָּשֻׁ֣בוּ וַיִּבְכּ֗וּ גַּ֚ם בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ מִ֥י יַאֲכִלֵ֖נוּ בָּשָֽׂר׃", "text": "And the *hā'sapsuḇ* that *ḇəqirḇô* *hit'awwû* *ta'ăwāh*; and *wayyāšuḇû* and *wayyiḇkû* also *bənê* *Yiśrā'ēl*, and *wayyō'mərû*, \"Who *ya'ăḵilēnû* *bāśār*?\"", "grammar": { "*hā'sapsuḇ*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the mixed multitude/rabble", "*ḇəqirḇô*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - in its midst/among them", "*hit'awwû*": "hitpael perfect 3rd common plural - craved/lusted intensely", "*ta'ăwāh*": "feminine singular noun - craving/desire/lust", "*wayyāšuḇû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd common plural - and they returned/turned back", "*wayyiḇkû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd common plural - and they wept/cried", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons/children of", "*Yiśrā'ēl*": "proper name - Israel", "*wayyō'mərû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd common plural - and they said", "*ya'ăḵilēnû*": "hifil imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 1st common plural suffix - will cause us to eat/will feed us", "*bāśār*": "masculine singular noun - flesh/meat" }, "variants": { "*hā'sapsuḇ*": "mixed multitude/rabble/riffraff/mixed company", "*hit'awwû ta'ăwāh*": "intensely craved/strongly desired/lusted a lust (Hebrew figura etymologica)", "*wayyāšuḇû*": "returned/turned back/relapsed", "*ya'ăḵilēnû*": "will give us to eat/will feed us/will provide us" } } 5 { "verseID": "Numbers.11.5", "source": "זָכַ֙רְנוּ֙ אֶת־הַדָּגָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־נֹאכַ֥ל בְּמִצְרַ֖יִם חִנָּ֑ם אֵ֣ת הַקִּשֻּׁאִ֗ים וְאֵת֙ הָֽאֲבַטִּחִ֔ים וְאֶת־הֶחָצִ֥יר וְאֶת־הַבְּצָלִ֖ים וְאֶת־הַשּׁוּמִֽים׃", "text": "*Zāḵarnû* *'et*-the *dāgāh* that *nō'ḵal* in *Miṣrayim* *ḥinnām*; *'ēt* the *qiššu'îm* and *'ēt* the *'ăḇaṭṭiḥîm* and *'et*-the *ḥāṣîr* and *'et*-the *bəṣālîm* and *'et*-the *šûmîm*.", "grammar": { "*zāḵarnû*": "qal perfect 1st common plural - we remember/recall", "*'et*": "direct object marker", "*dāgāh*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the fish", "*nō'ḵal*": "qal imperfect 1st common plural - we eat/ate", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper name - Egypt", "*ḥinnām*": "adverb - freely/without cost", "*qiššu'îm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the cucumbers", "*'ăḇaṭṭiḥîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the watermelons/melons", "*ḥāṣîr*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the leeks/grass", "*bəṣālîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the onions", "*šûmîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the garlic" }, "variants": { "*dāgāh*": "fish/fishing", "*ḥinnām*": "freely/without cost/without payment/for nothing", "*ḥāṣîr*": "leeks/grass/herbs" } } 6 { "verseID": "Numbers.11.6", "source": "וְעַתָּ֛ה נַפְשֵׁ֥נוּ יְבֵשָׁ֖ה אֵ֣ין כֹּ֑ל בִּלְתִּ֖י אֶל־הַמָּ֥ן עֵינֵֽינוּ׃", "text": "And now our *napšēnû* *yəḇēšāh* *'ên* *kōl*; *biltî* to-the *mān* our *'ênênû*.", "grammar": { "*napšēnû*": "feminine singular noun + 1st common plural suffix - our soul/appetite/life", "*yəḇēšāh*": "adjective feminine singular - dry/dried up", "*'ên*": "particle of negation - there is not/nothing", "*kōl*": "noun masculine singular - anything/all", "*biltî*": "preposition - except/only", "*mān*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the manna", "*'ênênû*": "common plural noun + 1st common plural suffix - our eyes" }, "variants": { "*napšēnû*": "our soul/our appetite/our throat/our being", "*yəḇēšāh*": "dry/dried up/parched/withered", "*'ên kōl*": "there is nothing/nothing at all", "*biltî*": "except/only/besides", "*'ênênû*": "our eyes/our sight/our gaze" } } 7 { "verseID": "Numbers.11.7", "source": "וְהַמָּ֕ן כִּזְרַע־גַּ֖ד ה֑וּא וְעֵינ֖וֹ כְּעֵ֥ין הַבְּדֹֽלַח׃", "text": "And the *mān* like *zera'*-*gad* it; and its *'ênô* like *'ên* the *bədōlaḥ*.", "grammar": { "*mān*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the manna", "*zera'*": "masculine singular construct - seed of", "*gad*": "proper noun - coriander", "*'ênô*": "common singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - its appearance", "*'ên*": "construct singular of 'ayin - appearance of", "*bədōlaḥ*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the bdellium (crystal-like resin)" }, "variants": { "*gad*": "coriander/cilantro seed", "*'ênô*": "its appearance/its color/its look", "*bədōlaḥ*": "bdellium/crystal/pearl-like substance" } } 8 { "verseID": "Numbers.11.8", "source": "שָׁטוּ֩ הָעָ֨ם וְלָֽקְט֜וּ וְטָחֲנ֣וּ בָרֵחַ֗יִם א֤וֹ דָכוּ֙ בַּמְּדֹכָ֔ה וּבִשְּׁלוּ֙ בַּפָּר֔וּר וְעָשׂ֥וּ אֹת֖וֹ עֻג֑וֹת וְהָיָ֣ה טַעְמ֔וֹ כְּטַ֖עַם לְשַׁ֥ד הַשָּֽׁמֶן׃", "text": "*Šāṭû* the *hā'ām* and *wəlāqəṭû* and *wəṭāḥănû* with *rēḥayim* or *dāḵû* with the *məḏōḵāh*, and *ḇiššəlû* in the *pārûr* and *wə'āśû* *'ōtô* *'ugôt*; and *wəhāyāh* *ṭa'mô* like *ṭa'am* *ləšaḏ* the *šāmen*.", "grammar": { "*šāṭû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they roamed/went about", "*hā'ām*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the people", "*wəlāqəṭû*": "waw + qal perfect 3rd common plural - and gathered", "*wəṭāḥănû*": "waw + qal perfect 3rd common plural - and ground", "*rēḥayim*": "feminine dual noun - pair of millstones/handmill", "*dāḵû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they pounded/crushed", "*məḏōḵāh*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the mortar", "*ḇiššəlû*": "piel perfect 3rd common plural - they boiled/cooked", "*pārûr*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the pot", "*wə'āśû*": "waw + qal perfect 3rd common plural - and made", "*'ōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - it", "*'ugôt*": "feminine plural noun - cakes", "*wəhāyāh*": "waw + qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and was", "*ṭa'mô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - its taste", "*ṭa'am*": "masculine singular construct - taste of", "*ləšaḏ*": "masculine singular construct - juice/oil of", "*šāmen*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the oil/fat" }, "variants": { "*šāṭû*": "roamed/went about/wandered", "*rēḥayim*": "millstones/handmill/grinder", "*məḏōḵāh*": "mortar/grinding bowl", "*pārûr*": "pot/pan/cooking vessel", "*'ugôt*": "cakes/wafers/round loaves", "*ləšaḏ ha-šāmen*": "juice of oil/rich cream/moist oil cake" } }
• 2 Sam 12:14 : 14 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.12.14", "source": "אֶ֗פֶס כִּֽי־נִאֵ֤ץ נִאַ֙צְתָּ֙ אֶת־אֹיְבֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה בַּדָּבָ֖ר הַזֶּ֑ה גַּ֗ם הַבֵּ֛ן הַיִּלּ֥וֹד לְךָ֖ מ֥וֹת יָמֽוּת", "text": "*ʾepes kî-niʾēṣ niʾaṣtā ʾet-ʾōyəbê YHWH ba-ddābār ha-zzeh gam ha-bēn ha-yillôd ləkā môt yāmût*", "grammar": { "*ʾepes*": "noun/conjunction - nevertheless/however", "*kî*": "conjunction - because", "*niʾēṣ niʾaṣtā*": "Piel infinitive absolute + Piel perfect 2nd masculine singular - you have utterly scorned", "*ʾet-ʾōyəbê*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine plural construct - the enemies of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - YHWH/the LORD", "*ba-ddābār*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - by this thing", "*ha-zzeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*gam*": "conjunction/particle - also", "*ha-bēn*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the son", "*ha-yillôd*": "definite article + Niphal participle masculine singular - the one born", "*ləkā*": "preposition + suffix 2nd masculine singular - to you", "*môt yāmût*": "Qal infinitive absolute + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will surely die" }, "variants": { "*ʾepes*": "nevertheless/however/notwithstanding", "*niʾēṣ niʾaṣtā*": "you have utterly scorned/despised/blasphemed", "*ʾet-ʾōyəbê YHWH*": "the enemies of YHWH (there may be a textual issue here; some read 'you have given great occasion to the enemies of YHWH to blaspheme' or 'you have utterly despised YHWH')", "*môt yāmût*": "he will surely die/he must certainly die" } }
• Ezek 36:21-23 : 21 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.36.21", "source": "וָאֶחְמֹ֖ל עַל־שֵׁ֣ם קָדְשִׁ֑י אֲשֶׁ֤ר חִלְּל֙וּהוּ֙ בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל בַּגּוֹיִ֖ם אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֥אוּ שָֽׁמָּה׃ ס", "text": "And-*ʾeḥmōl* for-*šēm* *qodšî* which *ḥillәlûhû* *bêt* *Yiśrāʾēl* among-the-*gôyim* which-*bāʾû* there", "grammar": { "*ʾeḥmōl*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I had pity/concern", "*šēm*": "masculine singular construct - name of", "*qodšî*": "masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my holiness", "*ḥillәlûhû*": "Piel perfect 3rd person common plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - they profaned it", "*bêt*": "construct state, masculine singular - house of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural - nations/gentiles", "*bāʾû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they came/entered" }, "variants": { "*ʾeḥmōl*": "I had pity/I had concern/I was concerned for", "*šēm qodšî*": "my holy name/the name of my holiness", "*ḥillәlûhû*": "they profaned it/they defiled it", "*bêt Yiśrāʾēl*": "house of Israel/Israelite people", "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*bāʾû*": "they came/they went/they arrived" } } 22 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.36.22", "source": "לָכֵ֞ן אֱמֹ֣ר לְבֵֽית־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה לֹ֧א לְמַעַנְכֶ֛ם אֲנִ֥י עֹשֶׂ֖ה בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל כִּ֤י אִם־לְשֵׁם־קָדְשִׁי֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר חִלַּלְתֶּ֔ם בַּגּוֹיִ֖ם אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֥אתֶם שָֽׁם׃", "text": "Therefore *ʾĕmōr* to-*bêt*-*Yiśrāʾēl* thus *ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH* not for-*maʿankhem* I *ʿōśeh* *bêt* *Yiśrāʾēl* but for-*šēm*-*qodšî* which *ḥillaltem* among-the-*gôyim* which-*bāʾtem* there", "grammar": { "*ʾĕmōr*": "Qal imperative masculine singular - say", "*bêt*": "construct state, masculine singular - house of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he said", "*ʾădōnāy*": "title - Lord/Master", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*maʿankhem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sake", "*ʿōśeh*": "Qal participle masculine singular - doing", "*bêt*": "construct state, masculine singular - house of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*šēm*": "masculine singular construct - name of", "*qodšî*": "masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my holiness", "*ḥillaltem*": "Piel perfect 2nd person masculine plural - you profaned", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural - nations/gentiles", "*bāʾtem*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - you came/entered" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕmōr*": "say/speak/tell", "*bêt Yiśrāʾēl*": "house of Israel/Israelite people", "*ʾāmar*": "said/spoke/declared", "*ʾădōnāy YHWH*": "Lord GOD/Sovereign LORD", "*maʿankhem*": "your sake/for your benefit", "*ʿōśeh*": "doing/acting/performing", "*šēm-qodšî*": "my holy name/the name of my holiness", "*ḥillaltem*": "you profaned/you defiled/you polluted", "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*bāʾtem*": "you came/you entered/you went" } } 23 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.36.23", "source": "וְקִדַּשְׁתִּ֞י אֶת־שְׁמִ֣י הַגָּד֗וֹל הַֽמְחֻלָּל֙ בַּגּוֹיִ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר חִלַּלְתֶּ֖ם בְּתוֹכָ֑ם וְיָדְע֨וּ הַגּוֹיִ֜ם כִּי־אֲנִ֣י יְהוָ֗ה נְאֻם֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה בְּהִקָּדְשִׁ֥י בָכֶ֖ם לְעֵינֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "And-*qiddaštî* *šәmî* the-*gādôl* the-*mәḥullāl* among-the-*gôyim* which *ḥillaltem* in-their-midst and-*yādәʿû* the-*gôyim* that-I *YHWH* *nәʾum* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH* when-*hiqqādәšî* in-you before-their-eyes", "grammar": { "*qiddaštî*": "Piel perfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I will sanctify", "*šәmî*": "masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my name", "*gādôl*": "masculine singular - great", "*mәḥullāl*": "Pual participle masculine singular - profaned/defiled", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural - nations/gentiles", "*ḥillaltem*": "Piel perfect 2nd person masculine plural - you profaned", "*yādәʿû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural with waw consecutive - and they will know", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural - nations/gentiles", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*nәʾum*": "construct state - declaration/utterance of", "*ʾădōnāy*": "title - Lord/Master", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*hiqqādәšî*": "Niphal infinitive construct with 1st person singular suffix - my being sanctified" }, "variants": { "*qiddaštî*": "I will sanctify/I will make holy/I will hallow", "*šәmî*": "my name", "*gādôl*": "great/large/important", "*mәḥullāl*": "profaned/defiled/polluted", "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*ḥillaltem*": "you profaned/you defiled/you polluted", "*yādәʿû*": "they will know/they will recognize/they will acknowledge", "*nәʾum*": "declaration of/utterance of/says", "*hiqqādәšî*": "my being sanctified/when I am proven holy/when I show myself holy" } }
• Dan 5:3-4 : 3 { "verseID": "Daniel.5.3", "source": "בֵּאדַ֗יִן הַיְתִיו֙ מָאנֵ֣י דַהֲבָ֔א דִּ֣י הַנְפִּ֗קוּ מִן־הֵֽיכְלָ֛א דִּֽי־בֵ֥ית אֱלָהָ֖א דִּ֣י בִירֽוּשְׁלֶ֑ם וְאִשְׁתִּ֣יו בְּה֗וֹן מַלְכָּא֙ וְרַבְרְבָנ֔וֹהִי שֵׁגְלָתֵ֖הּ וּלְחֵנָתֵֽהּ׃", "text": "*Bēʾdayin* *haytîw* *mānēy* *dahăbāʾ* *dî* *hanpiqû* *min-hêkĕlāʾ* *dî-bêt* *ʾĕlāhāʾ* *dî* *bîrûšĕlem* *wĕʾištîw* *bĕhôn* *malkāʾ* *wĕrabrĕbānôhî* *šēgĕlātēh* *ûlĕḥēnātēh*", "grammar": { "*Bēʾdayin*": "temporal adverb - then/at that time", "*haytîw*": "verb, perfect 3rd plural - they brought", "*mānēy*": "noun, construct plural - vessels of", "*dahăbāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular, definite - the gold", "*dî*": "relative particle - which/that", "*hanpiqû*": "verb, perfect 3rd plural - they brought out/removed", "*min-hêkĕlāʾ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular, definite - from the temple", "*dî-bêt*": "relative particle + noun construct - which [is] the house of", "*ʾĕlāhāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular, definite - God", "*dî*": "relative particle - which/that", "*bîrûšĕlem*": "preposition + proper noun - in Jerusalem", "*wĕʾištîw*": "conjunction + verb, perfect 3rd plural - and they drank", "*bĕhôn*": "preposition + pronoun 3rd plural - in/with them", "*malkāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular, definite - the king", "*wĕrabrĕbānôhî*": "conjunction + noun plural + possessive suffix - and his nobles", "*šēgĕlātēh*": "noun feminine plural + possessive suffix - his wives/concubines", "*ûlĕḥēnātēh*": "conjunction + preposition + noun feminine plural + possessive suffix - and his concubines" }, "variants": { "*Bēʾdayin*": "then/at that time/immediately", "*hanpiqû*": "brought out/removed/taken" } } 4 { "verseID": "Daniel.5.4", "source": "אִשְׁתִּ֖יו חַמְרָ֑א וְ֠שַׁבַּחוּ לֵֽאלָהֵ֞י דַּהֲבָ֧א וְכַסְפָּ֛א נְחָשָׁ֥א פַרְזְלָ֖א אָעָ֥א וְאַבְנָֽא׃", "text": "*ʾištîw* *ḥamrāʾ* *wĕšabbaḥû* *lēʾlāhēy* *dahăbāʾ* *wĕkaspāʾ* *nĕḥāšāʾ* *parzĕlāʾ* *ʾāʿāʾ* *wĕʾabnāʾ*", "grammar": { "*ʾištîw*": "verb, perfect 3rd plural - they drank", "*ḥamrāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular, definite - the wine", "*wĕšabbaḥû*": "conjunction + verb, perfect 3rd plural - and they praised", "*lēʾlāhēy*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - to the gods of", "*dahăbāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular, definite - the gold", "*wĕkaspāʾ*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular, definite - and the silver", "*nĕḥāšāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular, definite - the bronze", "*parzĕlāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular, definite - the iron", "*ʾāʿāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular, definite - the wood", "*wĕʾabnāʾ*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular, definite - and the stone" }, "variants": { "*šabbaḥû*": "praised/glorified/extolled", "*lēʾlāhēy*": "to the gods of/to the divine [images] of" } }
• Amos 2:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Amos.2.7", "source": "הַשֹּׁאֲפִ֤ים עַל־עֲפַר־אֶ֙רֶץ֙ בְּרֹ֣אשׁ דַּלִּ֔ים וְדֶ֥רֶךְ עֲנָוִ֖ים יַטּ֑וּ וְאִ֣ישׁ וְאָבִ֗יו יֵֽלְכוּ֙ אֶל־הַֽנַּעֲרָ֔ה לְמַ֥עַן חַלֵּ֖ל אֶת־שֵׁ֥ם קָדְשִֽׁי׃", "text": "*haššōʾăpîm ʿal-ʿăpar-ʾereṣ bərōʾš dallîm wə-derek ʿănāwîm yaṭṭû wə-ʾîš wə-ʾābîw yēlkû ʾel-hannaʿărāh ləmaʿan ḥallēl ʾet-šēm qodšî*", "grammar": { "*haššōʾăpîm*": "definite article + qal participle masculine plural - the ones panting after/trampling upon", "*ʿal-ʿăpar-ʾereṣ*": "preposition + masculine construct + feminine singular - upon dust of earth", "*bərōʾš*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - on head of", "*dallîm*": "masculine plural adjective - poor/weak ones", "*wə-derek*": "conjunction + masculine singular construct - and way/path of", "*ʿănāwîm*": "masculine plural adjective - humble/afflicted ones", "*yaṭṭû*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they turn aside/pervert", "*wə-ʾîš*": "conjunction + masculine singular - and a man", "*wə-ʾābîw*": "conjunction + masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his father", "*yēlkû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they go/walk", "*ʾel-hannaʿărāh*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular - to the young woman/girl", "*ləmaʿan*": "conjunction - in order to", "*ḥallēl*": "piel infinitive construct - profane/defile", "*ʾet-šēm*": "direct object marker + masculine singular construct - the name of", "*qodšî*": "masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my holiness" }, "variants": { "*šōʾăpîm*": "those who pant after/those who trample upon/those who crush", "*ʿăpar-ʾereṣ*": "dust of earth/soil/ground", "*dallîm*": "poor/weak/lowly/helpless", "*derek*": "way/path/conduct", "*ʿănāwîm*": "humble/afflicted/oppressed/meek", "*yaṭṭû*": "they turn aside/they pervert/they distort", "*hannaʿărāh*": "the young woman/the girl/the maiden", "*ləmaʿan*": "in order to/so that/for the purpose of", "*ḥallēl*": "to profane/to defile/to pollute", "*šēm qodšî*": "my holy name/name of my holiness" } }
• Mal 1:6-8 : 6 { "verseID": "Malachi.1.6", "source": "בֵּ֛ן יְכַבֵּ֥ד אָ֖ב וְעֶ֣בֶד אֲדֹנָ֑יו וְאִם־אָ֣ב אָ֣נִי אַיֵּ֣ה כְבוֹדִ֡י וְאִם־אֲדוֹנִ֣ים אָנִי֩ אַיֵּ֨ה מוֹרָאִ֜י אָמַ֣ר ׀ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֗וֹת לָכֶם֙ הַכֹּֽהֲנִים֙ בּוֹזֵ֣י שְׁמִ֔י וַאֲמַרְתֶּ֕ם בַּמֶּ֥ה בָזִ֖ינוּ אֶת־שְׁמֶֽךָ׃", "text": "*bēn* *yəḵabbēḏ* *ʾāḇ* *wəʿeḇeḏ* *ʾăḏōnāyw* *wəʾim*-*ʾāḇ* *ʾānî* *ʾayyēh* *ḵəḇôḏî* *wəʾim*-*ʾăḏônîm* *ʾānî* *ʾayyēh* *môrāʾî* *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ṣəḇāʾôṯ* *lāḵem* *hakkōhănîm* *bôzê* *šəmî* *waʾămartem* *bammeh* *bāzînû* *ʾeṯ*-*šəmeḵā*", "grammar": { "*bēn*": "noun, masculine singular - son", "*yəḵabbēḏ*": "verb, Piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he honors", "*ʾāḇ*": "noun, masculine singular - father", "*wəʿeḇeḏ*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and servant/slave", "*ʾăḏōnāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his masters/lords", "*wəʾim*": "conjunction + conditional particle - and if", "*ʾāḇ*": "noun, masculine singular - father", "*ʾānî*": "pronoun, 1st person singular - I", "*ʾayyēh*": "interrogative adverb - where", "*ḵəḇôḏî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my honor", "*wəʾim*": "conjunction + conditional particle - and if", "*ʾăḏônîm*": "noun, masculine plural - lords/masters", "*ʾānî*": "pronoun, 1st person singular - I", "*ʾayyēh*": "interrogative adverb - where", "*môrāʾî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my fear/reverence", "*ʾāmar*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he has said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ṣəḇāʾôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural - hosts/armies", "*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - to you", "*hakkōhănîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the priests", "*bôzê*": "participle, Qal masculine plural construct - despisers of", "*šəmî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my name", "*waʾămartem*": "conjunction + verb, Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - and you have said", "*bammeh*": "preposition + interrogative - in what way/how", "*bāzînû*": "verb, Qal perfect, 1st person plural - we have despised", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*šəmeḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your name" }, "variants": { "*yəḵabbēḏ*": "honors/respects/glorifies", "*ʾăḏōnāyw*": "his masters/his lord/his owner", "*ḵəḇôḏî*": "my honor/my glory/my respect", "*môrāʾî*": "my fear/my reverence/dread of me", "*bôzê*": "despisers of/those who despise/those showing contempt for", "*bammeh*": "in what way/how/wherein" } } 7 { "verseID": "Malachi.1.7", "source": "מַגִּישִׁ֤ים עַֽל־מִזְבְּחִי֙ לֶ֣חֶם מְגֹאָ֔ל וַאֲמַרְתֶּ֖ם בַּמֶּ֣ה גֵֽאַלְנ֑וּךָ בֶּאֱמָרְכֶ֕ם שֻׁלְחַ֥ן יְהוָ֖ה נִבְזֶ֥ה הֽוּא׃", "text": "*maggîšîm* *ʿal*-*mizbeḥî* *leḥem* *məḡōʾāl* *waʾămartem* *bammeh* *ḡēʾalnûḵā* *beʾĕmārḵem* *šulḥan* *YHWH* *niḇzeh* *hûʾ*", "grammar": { "*maggîšîm*": "participle, Hiphil masculine plural - you who bring/offer", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/on", "*mizbeḥî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my altar", "*leḥem*": "noun, masculine singular - bread/food", "*məḡōʾāl*": "participle, Pual masculine singular - defiled/polluted", "*waʾămartem*": "conjunction + verb, Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - and you say", "*bammeh*": "preposition + interrogative - in what way/how", "*ḡēʾalnûḵā*": "verb, Piel perfect, 1st person plural + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - we have defiled you", "*beʾĕmārḵem*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - in your saying", "*šulḥan*": "noun, masculine singular construct - table of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*niḇzeh*": "participle, Niphal masculine singular - is despised/contemptible", "*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - it/he" }, "variants": { "*maggîšîm*": "offering/bringing/presenting", "*leḥem*": "bread/food/offering", "*məḡōʾāl*": "defiled/polluted/contaminated", "*bammeh*": "in what way/how/wherein", "*ḡēʾalnûḵā*": "we have defiled you/polluted you", "*šulḥan*": "table/altar", "*niḇzeh*": "despised/contemptible/worthless" } } 8 { "verseID": "Malachi.1.8", "source": "וְכִֽי־תַגִּשׁ֨וּן עִוֵּ֤ר לִזְבֹּ֙חַ֙ אֵ֣ין רָ֔ע וְכִ֥י תַגִּ֛ישׁוּ פִּסֵּ֥חַ וְחֹלֶ֖ה אֵ֣ין רָ֑ע הַקְרִיבֵ֨הוּ נָ֜א לְפֶחָתֶ֗ךָ הֲיִּרְצְךָ֙ א֚וֹ הֲיִשָּׂ֣א פָנֶ֔יךָ אָמַ֖ר יְהוָ֥ה צְבָאֽוֹת׃", "text": "*wəḵî*-*ṯaggîšûn* *ʿiwwēr* *lizebōaḥ* *ʾên* *rāʿ* *wəḵî* *ṯaggîšû* *pissēaḥ* *wəḥōleh* *ʾên* *rāʿ* *haqrîḇēhû* *nāʾ* *ləp̄eḥāṯeḵā* *hăyirṣəḵā* *ʾô* *hăyiśśāʾ* *p̄āneḵā* *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ṣəḇāʾôṯ*", "grammar": { "*wəḵî*": "conjunction + conditional particle - and when", "*ṯaggîšûn*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you bring/offer", "*ʿiwwēr*": "adjective, masculine singular - blind", "*lizebōaḥ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to sacrifice", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - is not", "*rāʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular - evil/wrong", "*wəḵî*": "conjunction + conditional particle - and when", "*ṯaggîšû*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you bring/offer", "*pissēaḥ*": "adjective, masculine singular - lame", "*wəḥōleh*": "conjunction + adjective, Qal participle masculine singular - and sick", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - is not", "*rāʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular - evil/wrong", "*haqrîḇēhû*": "verb, Hiphil imperative, 2nd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - offer it", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please/now", "*ləp̄eḥāṯeḵā*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to your governor", "*hăyirṣəḵā*": "interrogative + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - will he be pleased with you", "*ʾô*": "conjunction - or", "*hăyiśśāʾ*": "interrogative + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will he lift up/accept", "*p̄āneḵā*": "noun, common plural construct + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your face", "*ʾāmar*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he says", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ṣəḇāʾôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural - hosts/armies" }, "variants": { "*ṯaggîšûn*/*ṯaggîšû*": "you bring/offer/present", "*ʿiwwēr*": "blind [animal]", "*pissēaḥ*": "lame [animal]", "*wəḥōleh*": "and sick/diseased [animal]", "*ʾên* *rāʿ*": "is not evil/is that not wrong/is there no wrong", "*haqrîḇēhû*": "offer it/present it/bring it near", "*ləp̄eḥāṯeḵā*": "to your governor/to your ruler", "*hăyirṣəḵā*": "will he be pleased with you/will he accept you", "*hăyiśśāʾ* *p̄āneḵā*": "will he lift up your face/will he show you favor" } }
• Mal 1:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Malachi.1.13", "source": "וַאֲמַרְתֶּם֩ הִנֵּ֨ה מַתְּלָאָ֜ה וְהִפַּחְתֶּ֣ם אוֹת֗וֹ אָמַר֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת וַהֲבֵאתֶ֣ם גָּז֗וּל וְאֶת־הַפִּסֵּ֙חַ֙ וְאֶת־הַ֣חוֹלֶ֔ה וַהֲבֵאתֶ֖ם אֶת־הַמִּנְחָ֑ה הַאֶרְצֶ֥ה אוֹתָ֛הּ מִיֶּדְכֶ֖ם אָמַ֥ר יְהוָֽה׃ ס", "text": "*waʾămartem* *hinnēh* *matlāʾāh* *wəhippaḥtem* *ʾôṯô* *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ṣəḇāʾôṯ* *wahăḇēʾṯem* *gāzûl* *wəʾeṯ*-*happissēaḥ* *wəʾeṯ*-*haḥôleh* *wahăḇēʾṯem* *ʾeṯ*-*hamminḥāh* *haʾerṣeh* *ʾôṯāh* *miyyeḏḵem* *ʾāmar* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*waʾămartem*": "conjunction + verb, Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - and you say", "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/see", "*matlāʾāh*": "noun, feminine singular - what a weariness/trouble", "*wəhippaḥtem*": "conjunction + verb, Hiphil perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - and you snort/puff at", "*ʾôṯô*": "direct object marker + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - it", "*ʾāmar*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - says", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ṣəḇāʾôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural - hosts/armies", "*wahăḇēʾṯem*": "conjunction + verb, Hiphil perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - and you bring", "*gāzûl*": "participle, Qal passive - stolen/torn", "*wəʾeṯ*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*happissēaḥ*": "definite article + adjective, masculine singular - the lame", "*wəʾeṯ*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*haḥôleh*": "definite article + participle, Qal masculine singular - the sick", "*wahăḇēʾṯem*": "conjunction + verb, Hiphil perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - and you bring", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*hamminḥāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the offering/gift", "*haʾerṣeh*": "interrogative + verb, Qal imperfect, 1st person singular - should I accept", "*ʾôṯāh*": "direct object marker + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - it", "*miyyeḏḵem*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - from your hand", "*ʾāmar*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - says", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name" }, "variants": { "*matlāʾāh*": "what a weariness/troublesome/what a burden", "*wəhippaḥtem* *ʾôṯô*": "you sniff at it/you scorn it/you disdain it", "*gāzûl*": "stolen/torn/taken by violence", "*happissēaḥ*": "the lame [animal]", "*haḥôleh*": "the sick/diseased [animal]", "*hamminḥāh*": "the offering/the gift/the tribute", "*haʾerṣeh*": "should I accept/be pleased with/receive with favor" } }
• Mal 2:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Malachi.2.8", "source": "וְאַתֶּם֙ סַרְתֶּ֣ם מִן־הַדֶּ֔רֶךְ הִכְשַׁלְתֶּ֥ם רַבִּ֖ים בַּתּוֹרָ֑ה שִֽׁחַתֶּם֙ בְּרִ֣ית הַלֵּוִ֔י אָמַ֖ר יְהוָ֥ה צְבָאֽוֹת׃", "text": "And-you *sartem* from-the-*derek* *hikšaltem* *rabbîm* in-the-*tôrâ* *šiḥattem* *bərît* the-*Lēwî* *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ṣəbāʾôt*", "grammar": { "*sartem*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - you have turned aside", "*derek*": "masculine singular noun - way/road/path", "*hikšaltem*": "hiphil perfect 2nd person masculine plural - you have caused to stumble", "*rabbîm*": "masculine plural adjective - many", "*tôrâ*": "feminine singular noun - law/instruction", "*šiḥattem*": "piel perfect 2nd person masculine plural - you have corrupted/ruined", "*bərît*": "feminine singular construct - covenant of", "*Lēwî*": "proper noun - Levi", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he said/declared", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "feminine plural noun - hosts/armies" }, "variants": { "*sartem*": "you have turned aside/departed/deviated", "*derek*": "way/road/path/journey", "*hikšaltem*": "you have caused to stumble/fall/be overthrown", "*tôrâ*": "law/instruction/teaching", "*šiḥattem*": "you have corrupted/ruined/destroyed", "*bərît*": "covenant/agreement/pact" } }
• Rom 2:24 : 24 { "verseID": "Romans.2.24", "source": "Τὸ γὰρ ὄνομα τοῦ Θεοῦ διʼ ὑμᾶς βλασφημεῖται ἐν τοῖς Ἔθνεσιν, καθὼς γέγραπται.", "text": "For the *onoma* of *Theou* through you *blasphēmeitai* among the *Ethnesin*, just as it has been *gegraptai*.", "grammar": { "*onoma*": "noun, nominative, neuter, singular - name", "*Theou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*blasphēmeitai*": "verb, present passive indicative, 3rd person singular - is blasphemed", "*Ethnesin*": "noun, dative, neuter, plural - among the Gentiles/nations", "*gegraptai*": "verb, perfect passive indicative, 3rd person singular - it has been written" }, "variants": { "*onoma*": "name/title/reputation", "*Theou*": "God/deity", "*blasphēmeitai*": "is blasphemed/reviled/spoken evil of", "*Ethnesin*": "Gentiles/nations/non-Jewish peoples", "*gegraptai*": "has been written/recorded/inscribed" } }