Matthew 19:9

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Matthew.19.9", "source": "Λέγω δὲ ὑμῖν, ὅτι Ὃς ἂν ἀπολύσῃ τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ, εἰ μὴ ἐπὶ πορνείᾳ, καὶ γαμήσῃ ἄλλην, μοιχᾶται: καὶ ὁ ἀπολελυμένην γαμήσας μοιχᾶται.", "text": "I *legō de* to you, that Whoever *an apolusē* the *gynaika* of him, *ei mē epi porneia*, and *gamēsē allēn*, *moichatai*: and the one *apolelumenēn gamēsas moichatai*.", "grammar": { "*legō*": "present, 1st singular, active - I say", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and", "*an*": "conditional particle - if/in case", "*apolusē*": "aorist subjunctive, 3rd singular, active - might divorce/send away", "*gynaika*": "accusative, feminine, singular - wife/woman", "*ei mē*": "conditional phrase - except/unless", "*epi*": "preposition + dative - for/on grounds of", "*porneia*": "dative, feminine, singular - sexual immorality/fornication", "*gamēsē*": "aorist subjunctive, 3rd singular, active - might marry", "*allēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - another", "*moichatai*": "present, 3rd singular, middle/passive - commits adultery", "*apolelumenēn*": "perfect participle, passive, accusative, feminine, singular - having been divorced", "*gamēsas*": "aorist participle, active, nominative, masculine, singular - having married" }, "variants": { "*an apolusē*": "should divorce/would send away", "*ei mē epi porneia*": "except for sexual immorality/unless for fornication", "*moichatai*": "commits adultery/is an adulterer", "*apolelumenēn*": "divorced woman/woman who has been put away" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Λέγω δὲ ὑμῖν, ὅτι Ὃς ἂν ἀπολύσῃ τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ, εἰ μὴ ἐπὶ πορνείᾳ, καὶ γαμήσῃ ἄλλην, μοιχᾶται: καὶ ὁ ἀπολελυμένην γαμήσας μοιχᾶται.

Transliteration

I legō de to you, that Whoever an apolusē the gynaika of him, ei mē epi porneia, and gamēsē allēn, moichatai: and the one apolelumenēn gamēsas moichatai.

Grammar Details

• *legō*: present, 1st singular, active - I say
• *de*: postpositive particle - but/and
• *an*: conditional particle - if/in case
• *apolusē*: aorist subjunctive, 3rd singular, active - might divorce/send away
• *gynaika*: accusative, feminine, singular - wife/woman
• *ei mē*: conditional phrase - except/unless
• *epi*: preposition + dative - for/on grounds of
• *porneia*: dative, feminine, singular - sexual immorality/fornication
• *gamēsē*: aorist subjunctive, 3rd singular, active - might marry
• *allēn*: accusative, feminine, singular - another
• *moichatai*: present, 3rd singular, middle/passive - commits adultery
• *apolelumenēn*: perfect participle, passive, accusative, feminine, singular - having been divorced
• *gamēsas*: aorist participle, active, nominative, masculine, singular - having married

Word Meanings

• *an apolusē*: should divorce/would send away
• *ei mē epi porneia*: except for sexual immorality/unless for fornication
• *moichatai*: commits adultery/is an adulterer
• *apolelumenēn*: divorced woman/woman who has been put away

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  I tell you, whoever divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, and marries another woman, commits adultery. And whoever marries a divorced woman also commits adultery.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And I say unto you, Whosoever shall put away his wife, except it be for fornication, and shall marry another, committeth adultery: and whoso marrieth her which is put away doth commit adultery.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And I say to you, whoever divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, and marries another, commits adultery; and whoever marries her who is divorced commits adultery.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And I say unto you, Whosoever shall put away his wife, except it be for fornication, and shall marry another, committeth adultery: and whoso marrieth her which is put away doth commit adultery.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And I say unto you, Whosoever shall put away his wife, except for fornication, and shall marry another, committeth adultery: and he that marrieth her when she is put away committeth adultery.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And I say unto you, Whosoever shall put away his wife, except it be for fornication, and shall marry another, committeth adultery: and whoso marrieth her which is put away doth commit adultery.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  I saye therfore vnto you whosoever putteth awaye his wyfe (except it be for fornicacion) and maryeth another breaketh wedlocke. And whosoever maryeth her which is divorsed doeth commyt advoutry.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  But I saye vnto you: Whosoeuer putteth awaye his wife (excepte it be for fornicacion) and marieth another, breaketh wedlocke. And who so marieth her yt is deuorced, commytteth aduoutrye.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  I say therefore vnto you, that whosoeuer shall put away his wife, except it be for whoredome, and marry another, committeth adulterie: and whosoeuer marieth her which is diuorced, doeth commit adulterie.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  I say vnto you: whosoeuer putteth away his wyfe, except it be for fornication, and maryeth another, committeth adulterie: And who so maryeth her which is diuorced, doth comit adulterie.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ‹And I say unto you, Whosoever shall put away his wife, except› [it be] ‹for fornication, and shall marry another, committeth adultery: and whoso marrieth her which is put away doth commit adultery.›

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  I tell you that whoever divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, and marries another, commits adultery; and he who marries her when she is divorced commits adultery."

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  `And I say to you, that, whoever may put away his wife, if not for whoredom, and may marry another, doth commit adultery; and he who did marry her that hath been put away, doth commit adultery.'

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And I say unto you, Whosoever shall put away his wife, except for fornication, and shall marry another, committeth adultery: and he that marrieth her when she is put away committeth adultery.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And I say unto you, Whosoever shall put away his wife, except for fornication, and shall marry another, committeth adultery: and he that marrieth her when she is put away committeth adultery.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And I say to you, Whoever puts away his wife for any other cause than the loss of her virtue, and takes another, is a false husband: and he who takes her as his wife when she is put away, is no true husband to her.

• World English Bible (2000)

  I tell you that whoever divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, and marries another, commits adultery; and he who marries her when she is divorced commits adultery."

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Now I say to you that whoever divorces his wife, except for immorality, and marries another commits adultery.”

Referenced Verses

• Matt 5:32 : 32 { "verseID": "Matthew.5.32", "source": "Ἐγὼ δὲ λέγω ὑμῖν, Ὅτι ὃς ἂν ἀπολύσῃ τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ, παρεκτὸς λόγου πορνείας, ποιεῖ αὐτὴν μοιχᾶσθαι: καὶ ὃς ἐὰν ἀπολελυμένην γαμήσῃ μοιχᾶται.", "text": "*Egō* *de* *legō* to-you, That who *an* *apolysē* the *gynaika* of-him, *parektos* *logou* *porneias*, *poiei* her *moichasthai*: and who *ean* *apolelymemēn* *gamēsē* *moichatai*.", "grammar": { "*Egō*": "nominative personal pronoun - I", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*legō*": "present active indicative, 1st person singular - I say/tell", "*an*": "modal particle with subjunctive - ever/possibly", "*apolysē*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might divorce/dismiss", "*gynaika*": "accusative feminine singular - wife/woman", "*parektos*": "preposition - except/apart from", "*logou*": "genitive masculine singular - of word/matter/reason", "*porneias*": "genitive feminine singular - of sexual immorality", "*poiei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - makes/causes", "*moichasthai*": "present middle/passive infinitive - to commit adultery", "*ean*": "conditional conjunction - if", "*apolelymemēn*": "perfect passive participle, accusative feminine singular - having been divorced", "*gamēsē*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might marry", "*moichatai*": "present middle/passive indicative, 3rd person singular - commits adultery" }, "variants": { "*Egō*": "I/myself", "*legō*": "say/tell/speak", "*apolysē*": "might divorce/dismiss/send away", "*gynaika*": "wife/woman", "*parektos*": "except/apart from/besides", "*logou*": "word/matter/reason/account", "*porneias*": "sexual immorality/fornication/prostitution", "*poiei*": "makes/causes/does", "*moichasthai*": "to commit adultery/be unfaithful", "*apolelymemēn*": "having been divorced/dismissed/sent away", "*gamēsē*": "might marry/take as wife", "*moichatai*": "commits adultery/is unfaithful" } }
• 1 Cor 7:39 : 39 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.7.39", "source": "Γυνὴ δέδεται νόμῳ ἐφʼ ὅσον χρόνον ζῇ ὁ ἀνὴρ αὐτῆς· ἐὰν δὲ κοιμηθῇ ὁ ἀνήρ αὐτῆς, ἐλευθέρα ἐστὶν ᾧ θέλει γαμηθῆναι· μόνον ἐν Κυρίῳ.", "text": "*Gunē* has been *dedetai* to *nomō* for as long *chronon* *zē* the *anēr* of her; *ean* *de* *koimēthē* the *anēr* of her, *eleuthera* *estin* to whom she *thelei* to *gamēthēnai*; *monon* in *Kyriō*.", "grammar": { "*Gunē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - wife/woman", "*dedetai*": "perfect passive indicative, 3rd person singular - has been bound/tied", "*nomō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to law", "*chronon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - time/period", "*zē*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - lives/is alive", "*anēr*": "nominative, masculine, singular - husband/man", "*ean*": "conditional particle - if", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and/however", "*koimēthē*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd person singular - falls asleep/dies", "*eleuthera*": "nominative, feminine, singular, adjective - free", "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - is", "*thelei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - she wishes/desires", "*gamēthēnai*": "aorist passive infinitive - to be married", "*monon*": "adverb - only/alone", "*Kyriō*": "dative, masculine, singular - in the Lord/master" }, "variants": { "*Gunē*": "wife/woman", "*dedetai*": "has been bound/tied/joined/obligated", "*nomō*": "law/legal obligation", "*zē*": "lives/is alive/exists", "*anēr*": "husband/man", "*koimēthē*": "falls asleep/dies/passes away", "*eleuthera*": "free/unbound/released", "*thelei*": "wishes/desires/wants", "*gamēthēnai*": "to be married/wed", "*monon*": "only/alone/merely", "*Kyriō*": "Lord/master" } }
• Luke 16:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Luke.16.18", "source": "Πᾶς ὁ ἀπολύων τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ, καὶ γαμῶν ἑτέραν, μοιχεύει: καὶ πᾶς ὁ ἀπολελυμένην ἀπὸ ἀνδρὸς γαμῶν μοιχεύει.", "text": "All the *apolyōn tēn gynaika* of him, and *gamōn heteran*, *moicheuei*: and all the *apolelumenēn* from *andros gamōn moicheuei*.", "grammar": { "*apolyōn*": "present active participle, nominative singular masculine - divorcing", "*tēn gynaika*": "accusative singular feminine - the wife/woman", "*gamōn*": "present active participle, nominative singular masculine - marrying", "*heteran*": "accusative singular feminine - another", "*moicheuei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - commits adultery", "*apolelumenēn*": "perfect passive participle, accusative singular feminine - having been divorced", "*andros*": "genitive singular masculine - from a husband/man" }, "variants": { "*apolyōn*": "divorcing/sending away/dismissing", "*gynaika*": "wife/woman", "*gamōn*": "marrying/taking in marriage", "*heteran*": "another/different one", "*moicheuei*": "commits adultery", "*apolelumenēn*": "having been divorced/having been sent away", "*andros*": "husband/man" } }
• 1 Cor 7:10-13 : 10 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.7.10", "source": "Τοῖς δὲ γεγαμηκόσιν παραγγέλλω, οὐκ ἐγὼ, ἀλλʼ ὁ Κύριος, Γυναῖκα ἀπὸ ἀνδρὸς μὴ χωρισθῆναι:", "text": "To the *gegamēkosin* I *paraggellō*, not *egō*, but the *Kyrios*, *Gunaika* from *andros* *mē* *chōristhēnai*:", "grammar": { "*gegamēkosin*": "perfect active participle, dative, masculine, plural - having been married/those who are married", "*paraggellō*": "present active indicative, 1st person singular - I command/instruct/charge", "*egō*": "nominative, 1st person singular, personal pronoun - I", "*Kyrios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Lord/master", "*Gunaika*": "accusative, feminine, singular - woman/wife", "*andros*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of husband/man", "*mē*": "negative particle with infinitive - not", "*chōristhēnai*": "aorist passive infinitive - to be separated/depart/leave" }, "variants": { "*gegamēkosin*": "having been married/those who are married", "*paraggellō*": "command/instruct/charge/order", "*Kyrios*": "Lord/master/owner", "*Gunaika*": "woman/wife", "*andros*": "husband/man", "*chōristhēnai*": "to be separated/depart/leave/divorce" } } 11 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.7.11", "source": "Ἐὰν δὲ καὶ χωρισθῇ, μενέτω ἄγαμος, ἢ τῷ ἀνδρὶ καταλλαγήτω: καὶ ἄνδρα γυναῖκα μὴ ἀφιέναι.", "text": "*Ean* *de* also she *chōristhē*, let her *menetō* *agamos*, or to the *andri* let her *katallagētō*: and *andra* *gunaika* *mē* *aphienai*.", "grammar": { "*Ean*": "conditional particle - if", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and/however", "*chōristhē*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd person singular - she be separated/depart", "*menetō*": "present active imperative, 3rd person singular - let her remain/stay", "*agamos*": "nominative, feminine, singular, adjective - unmarried/single", "*andri*": "dative, masculine, singular - to husband/man", "*katallagētō*": "aorist passive imperative, 3rd person singular - let her be reconciled", "*andra*": "accusative, masculine, singular - husband/man", "*gunaika*": "accusative, feminine, singular - wife/woman", "*mē*": "negative particle with infinitive - not", "*aphienai*": "present active infinitive - to send away/dismiss/divorce" }, "variants": { "*chōristhē*": "she be separated/depart/leave/divorce", "*menetō*": "let her remain/stay/continue", "*agamos*": "unmarried/single", "*andri*": "husband/man", "*katallagētō*": "let her be reconciled/restored/reunited", "*aphienai*": "to send away/dismiss/divorce/release" } } 12 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.7.12", "source": "Τοῖς δὲ λοιποῖς ἐγώ λέγω, οὐχ ὁ Κύριος: Εἴ τις ἀδελφὸς γυναῖκα ἔχει ἄπιστον, καὶ αὕτη συνευδοκεῖ οἰκεῖν μετʼ αὐτοῦ, μὴ ἀφιέτω αὐτήν.", "text": "To the *loipois* *egō* *legō*, not the *Kyrios*: *Ei* any *adelphos* *gunaika* *echei* *apiston*, and she *suneudokei* to *oikein* with him, *mē* *aphietō* her.", "grammar": { "*loipois*": "dative, masculine, plural - to the rest/remaining ones", "*egō*": "nominative, 1st person singular, personal pronoun - I", "*legō*": "present active indicative, 1st person singular - I say/speak/tell", "*Kyrios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Lord/master", "*Ei*": "conditional particle - if", "*adelphos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - brother/fellow believer", "*gunaika*": "accusative, feminine, singular - wife/woman", "*echei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - has/possesses", "*apiston*": "accusative, feminine, singular, adjective - unbelieving/unfaithful", "*suneudokei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - consents/agrees/is content", "*oikein*": "present active infinitive - to live/dwell", "*mē*": "negative particle with imperative - not", "*aphietō*": "present active imperative, 3rd person singular - let him dismiss/send away/divorce" }, "variants": { "*loipois*": "rest/remaining ones/others", "*Kyrios*": "Lord/master/owner", "*adelphos*": "brother/fellow believer", "*gunaika*": "wife/woman", "*apiston*": "unbelieving/unfaithful/non-Christian", "*suneudokei*": "consents/agrees/is content/is willing", "*oikein*": "to live/dwell/reside", "*aphietō*": "let him dismiss/send away/divorce" } } 13 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.7.13", "source": "Καὶ γυνὴ ἥτις ἔχει ἄνδρα ἄπιστον, καὶ αὑτὸς συνευδοκεῖ οἰκεῖν μετʼ αὐτῆς, μὴ ἀφιέτω αὐτόν.", "text": "And *gunē* *hētis* *echei* *andra* *apiston*, and he *suneudokei* to *oikein* with her, *mē* *aphietō* him.", "grammar": { "*gunē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - wife/woman", "*hētis*": "nominative, feminine, singular, relative pronoun - who/which", "*echei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - has/possesses", "*andra*": "accusative, masculine, singular - husband/man", "*apiston*": "accusative, masculine, singular, adjective - unbelieving/unfaithful", "*suneudokei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - consents/agrees/is content", "*oikein*": "present active infinitive - to live/dwell", "*mē*": "negative particle with imperative - not", "*aphietō*": "present active imperative, 3rd person singular - let her dismiss/send away/divorce" }, "variants": { "*gunē*": "wife/woman", "*andra*": "husband/man", "*apiston*": "unbelieving/unfaithful/non-Christian", "*suneudokei*": "consents/agrees/is content/is willing", "*oikein*": "to live/dwell/reside", "*aphietō*": "let her dismiss/send away/divorce" } }
• Jer 3:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.8", "source": "וָאֵ֗רֶא כִּ֤י עַל־כָּל־אֹדוֹת֙ אֲשֶׁ֤ר נִֽאֲפָה֙ מְשֻׁבָ֣ה יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל שִׁלַּחְתִּ֕יהָ וָאֶתֵּ֛ן אֶת־סֵ֥פֶר כְּרִיתֻתֶ֖יהָ אֵלֶ֑יהָ וְלֹ֨א יָֽרְאָ֜ה בֹּֽגֵדָ֤ה יְהוּדָה֙ אֲחוֹתָ֔הּ וַתֵּ֖לֶךְ וַתִּ֥זֶן גַּם־הִֽיא׃", "text": "*wāʾēreʾ* that for-all-*ʾōdôt* which *niʾăp̄â* *mᵉšuḇâ* *yiśrāʾēl*, *šillaḥtîhā* *wāʾettēn* *ʾet*-*sēp̄er* *kᵉrîtutehā* to-her; and-not *yārᵉʾâ* *bōgēdâ* *yᵉhûdâ* *ʾăḥôtâh*, *wattēleḵ* *wattizen* also-she.", "grammar": { "*wāʾēreʾ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - 'and I saw'", "*ʾōdôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - 'causes/reasons'", "*niʾăp̄â*": "Piel perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she committed adultery'", "*mᵉšuḇâ*": "noun, feminine singular - 'apostate/backsliding'", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - 'Israel'", "*šillaḥtîhā*": "Piel perfect 1st person singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'I sent her away'", "*wāʾettēn*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - 'and I gave'", "*sēp̄er*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'document/scroll'", "*kᵉrîtutehā*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her divorce'", "*yārᵉʾâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she feared/was afraid'", "*bōgēdâ*": "Qal participle feminine singular - 'treacherous/faithless'", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "proper name - 'Judah'", "*ʾăḥôtâh*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her sister'", "*wattēleḵ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and she went'", "*wattizen*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and she played the harlot'" }, "variants": { "*wāʾēreʾ*": "and I saw/observed/noticed", "*ʾōdôt*": "causes/reasons/occasions", "*niʾăp̄â*": "she committed adultery/was unfaithful", "*mᵉšuḇâ*": "apostate/backsliding/faithless", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "Israel", "*šillaḥtîhā*": "I sent her away/dismissed her/divorced her", "*wāʾettēn*": "and I gave/provided/handed over", "*sēp̄er*": "document/scroll/certificate", "*kᵉrîtutehā*": "her divorce/separation/cutting off", "*yārᵉʾâ*": "she feared/was afraid/was in awe", "*bōgēdâ*": "treacherous/faithless/deceitful", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "Judah", "*ʾăḥôtâh*": "her sister", "*wattēleḵ*": "and she went/proceeded", "*wattizen*": "and she played the harlot/prostituted herself" } }
• Ezek 16:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.8", "source": "וָאֶעֱבֹ֨ר עָלַ֜יִךְ וָאֶרְאֵ֗ךְ וְהִנֵּ֤ה עִתֵּךְ֙ עֵ֣ת דֹּדִ֔ים וָאֶפְרֹ֤שׂ כְּנָפִי֙ עָלַ֔יִךְ וָאֲכַסֶּ֖ה עֶרְוָתֵ֑ךְ וָאֶשָּׁ֣בַֽע לָ֠ךְ וָאָב֨וֹא בִבְרִ֜ית אֹתָ֗ךְ נְאֻ֛ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִ֖ה וַתִּ֥הְיִי לִֽי׃", "text": "*wā-ʾeʿĕḇōr* *ʿālayiḵ* *wā-ʾerʾēḵ* *wə-hinnēh* *ʿittēḵ* *ʿēt* *dōdîm* *wā-ʾeprōś* *kənāpî* *ʿālayiḵ* *wā-ʾăḵasseh* *ʿerwātēḵ* *wā-ʾeššāḇaʿ* *lāḵ* *wā-ʾāḇôʾ* *ḇi-ḇrît* *ʾōtāḵ* *nəʾum* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH* *wa-tihyî* *lî*", "grammar": { "*wā-ʾeʿĕḇōr*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 1st singular - and I passed", "*ʿālayiḵ*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - over you", "*wā-ʾerʾēḵ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 1st singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - and I saw you", "*wə-hinnēh*": "conjunction + demonstrative particle - and behold", "*ʿittēḵ*": "feminine singular noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your time", "*ʿēt*": "construct state - time of", "*dōdîm*": "masculine plural noun - loves", "*wā-ʾeprōś*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 1st singular - and I spread", "*kənāpî*": "feminine singular noun + 1st singular suffix - my wing/corner (of garment)", "*ʿālayiḵ*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - over you", "*wā-ʾăḵasseh*": "conjunction + piel imperfect, 1st singular - and I covered", "*ʿerwātēḵ*": "feminine singular noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your nakedness", "*wā-ʾeššāḇaʿ*": "conjunction + niphal imperfect, 1st singular - and I swore", "*lāḵ*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - to you", "*wā-ʾāḇôʾ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 1st singular - and I entered", "*ḇi-ḇrît*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - in covenant", "*ʾōtāḵ*": "with you (accusative)", "*nəʾum*": "construct state - declaration of", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun with 1st person plural suffix - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*wa-tihyî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you became", "*lî*": "preposition + 1st singular suffix - to/for me" }, "variants": { "*dōdîm*": "loves/love-making/time of love", "*kənāpî*": "my wing/corner of my garment (idiom for protection)", "*ʿerwātēḵ*": "your nakedness/genitals/shame", "*ḇrît*": "covenant/agreement/pact" } }
• Ezek 16:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.15", "source": "וַתִּבְטְחִ֣י בְיָפְיֵ֔ךְ וַתִּזְנִ֖י עַל־שְׁמֵ֑ךְ וַתִּשְׁפְּכִ֧י אֶת־תַּזְנוּתַ֛יִךְ עַל־כָּל־עוֹבֵ֖ר לוֹ־יֶֽהִי׃", "text": "*wa-tiḇṭəḥî* *ḇə-yāpyēḵ* *wa-tiznî* *ʿal*-*šəmēḵ* *wa-tiššəpəḵî* *ʾet*-*taznûtayiḵ* *ʿal*-*kāl*-*ʿôḇēr* *lô*-*yehî*", "grammar": { "*wa-tiḇṭəḥî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you trusted", "*ḇə-yāpyēḵ*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - in your beauty", "*wa-tiznî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you played the harlot", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/because of", "*šəmēḵ*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your name/fame", "*wa-tiššəpəḵî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you poured out", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*taznûtayiḵ*": "feminine plural noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your harlotries", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon", "*kāl*": "masculine singular construct - every", "*ʿôḇēr*": "qal participle, masculine singular - passer-by", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*yehî*": "qal imperfect jussive, 3rd masculine singular - may it be/let it be" }, "variants": { "*tiḇṭəḥî*": "you trusted/relied upon/were confident in", "*tiznî*": "you played the harlot/were unfaithful/prostituted yourself", "*tiššəpəḵî*": "you poured out/lavished/bestowed", "*taznûtayiḵ*": "your harlotries/prostitutions/infidelities", "*ʿôḇēr*": "passer-by/one who passes", "*lô*-*yehî*": "to him it might be/his for the taking (unclear idiomatic expression)" } }
• Ezek 16:29 : 29 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.29", "source": "וַתַּרְבִּ֧י אֶת־תַּזְנוּתֵ֛ךְ אֶל־אֶ֥רֶץ כְּנַ֖עַן כַּשְׂדִּ֑ימָה וְגַם־בְּזֹ֖את לֹ֥א שָׂבָֽעַתְּ׃", "text": "And *watarbî* *ʾet*-*taznûtēk* to-*ʾereṣ* *kənaʿan* *kaśdîmāh* and also-in *bəzōʾt* not *śābāʿat*.", "grammar": { "*watarbî*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - and you multiplied/increased", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*taznûtēk*": "your prostitution/harlotry, noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*ʾereṣ*": "land of, construct state", "*kənaʿan*": "Canaan, proper noun", "*kaśdîmāh*": "to Chaldea, proper noun with directional heh", "*bəzōʾt*": "in this, preposition + demonstrative feminine singular", "*śābāʿat*": "qal perfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you were satisfied" }, "variants": { "*kaśdîmāh*": "to Chaldea/toward the Chaldeans/to Babylonia", "*bəzōʾt*": "in this/with this/by this" } }
• Mark 10:11-12 : 11 { "verseID": "Mark.10.11", "source": "Καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς, Ὃς ἐὰν ἀπολύσῃ τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ, καὶ γαμήσῃ ἄλλην, μοιχᾶται ἐπʼ αὐτήν.", "text": "And he *legei* to them, Whoever *ean* *apolysē* the *gynaika* of him, and *gamēsē* another, *moichatai* *ep* her.", "grammar": { "*legei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - says/speaks", "*ean*": "conditional particle - if", "*apolysē*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular - should divorce/send away", "*gynaika*": "accusative feminine singular - wife/woman", "*gamēsē*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular - should marry", "*moichatai*": "present middle/passive indicative, 3rd singular - commits adultery", "*ep*": "preposition + accusative - against" }, "variants": { "*legei*": "says/speaks/tells", "*apolysē*": "should divorce/should send away/should dismiss", "*gynaika*": "wife/woman", "*gamēsē*": "should marry/takes as wife", "*moichatai*": "commits adultery/is unfaithful", "*ep*": "against/toward/with respect to" } } 12 { "verseID": "Mark.10.12", "source": "Καὶ ἐὰν γυνὴ ἀπολύσῃ τὸν ἄνδρα αὐτῆς, καὶ γαμηθῇ ἄλλῳ, μοιχᾶται.", "text": "And if *gynē* *apolysē* the *andra* of her, and *gamēthē* to another, she *moichatai*.", "grammar": { "*gynē*": "nominative feminine singular - woman/wife", "*apolysē*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular - should divorce/send away", "*andra*": "accusative masculine singular - husband/man", "*gamēthē*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd singular - should be married", "*moichatai*": "present middle/passive indicative, 3rd singular - commits adultery" }, "variants": { "*gynē*": "woman/wife", "*apolysē*": "should divorce/should send away/should dismiss", "*andra*": "husband/man", "*gamēthē*": "should be married/be taken in marriage", "*moichatai*": "commits adultery/is unfaithful" } }
• Gen 12:18-19 : 18 { "verseID": "Genesis.12.18", "source": "וַיִּקְרָ֤א פַרְעֹה֙ לְאַבְרָ֔ם וַיֹּ֕אמֶר מַה־זֹּ֖את עָשִׂ֣יתָ לִּ֑י לָ֚מָּה לֹא־הִגַּ֣דְתָּ לִּ֔י כִּ֥י אִשְׁתְּךָ֖ הִֽוא׃", "text": "And-*wayyiqrāʾ* *Parʿōh* to-*leʾAbrām* and-*wayyōʾmer* what-*mah*-*zōʾt* *ʿāśîtā* to-me *lāmmāh* not-*lōʾ*-*higgadtā* to-me that-*kî* *ʾištekā* *hîʾ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyiqrāʾ*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he called", "*Parʿōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh", "*leʾAbrām*": "preposition + proper noun - to Abram", "*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*mah*": "interrogative - what", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative feminine singular - this", "*ʿāśîtā*": "perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you have done", "*lāmmāh*": "interrogative + preposition - why", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*higgadtā*": "perfect 2nd person masculine singular hiphil - you told", "*kî*": "conjunction - that", "*ʾištekā*": "noun feminine + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your wife", "*hîʾ*": "independent pronoun 3rd person feminine singular - she" }, "variants": { "*lāmmāh*": "why/for what reason/how" } } 19 { "verseID": "Genesis.12.19", "source": "לָמָ֤ה אָמַ֙רְתָּ֙ אֲחֹ֣תִי הִ֔וא וָאֶקַּ֥ח אֹתָ֛הּ לִ֖י לְאִשָּׁ֑ה וְעַתָּ֕ה הִנֵּ֥ה אִשְׁתְּךָ֖ קַ֥ח וָלֵֽךְ׃", "text": "Why *lāmāh* *ʾāmartā* *ʾăḥōtî* *hîʾ* and-*wāʾeqqaḥ* *ʾōtāh* to-me *lî* to-*leʾiššāh* and-now *weʿattāh* behold *hinnēh* *ʾištekā* *qaḥ* and-*wālēk*.", "grammar": { "*lāmāh*": "interrogative + preposition - why", "*ʾāmartā*": "perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you said", "*ʾăḥōtî*": "noun feminine + 1st person singular suffix - my sister", "*hîʾ*": "independent pronoun 3rd person feminine singular - she", "*wāʾeqqaḥ*": "conjunction + imperfect 1st person singular - and I took", "*ʾōtāh*": "direct object marker + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her", "*lî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - to me", "*leʾiššāh*": "preposition + noun feminine singular - for a wife", "*weʿattāh*": "conjunction + adverb - and now", "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold", "*ʾištekā*": "noun feminine + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your wife", "*qaḥ*": "imperative masculine singular - take", "*wālēk*": "conjunction + imperative masculine singular - and go" }, "variants": { "*lāmāh*": "why/for what reason/how" } }
• Gen 20:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Genesis.20.3", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֧א אֱלֹהִ֛ים אֶל־אֲבִימֶ֖לֶךְ בַּחֲל֣וֹם הַלָּ֑יְלָה וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ל֗וֹ הִנְּךָ֥ מֵת֙ עַל־הָאִשָּׁ֣ה אֲשֶׁר־לָקַ֔חְתָּ וְהִ֖וא בְּעֻ֥לַת בָּֽעַל׃", "text": "*wə-yāḇō' 'ĕlōhîm* to-*'ăḇîmeleḵ* in-*ḥălôm ha-laylāh wə-yō'mer* to-him behold-you *mēṯ* on-*hā-'iššāh* that-*lāqaḥtā* and-she *bə'ūlaṯ bā'al*", "grammar": { "*wə-yāḇō'*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he came", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "common noun, masculine plural (used as singular) - God", "*'ăḇîmeleḵ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Abimelech", "*ḥălôm*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - dream of", "*ha-laylāh*": "definite article + common noun, masculine singular - the night", "*wə-yō'mer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*hinnəḵā*": "interjection + 2nd masculine singular suffix - behold you", "*mēṯ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - dying/dead", "*hā-'iššāh*": "definite article + common noun, feminine singular - the woman", "*lāqaḥtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you have taken", "*bə'ūlaṯ*": "Qal passive participle, feminine singular construct - married to", "*bā'al*": "common noun, masculine singular - husband/lord/master" }, "variants": { "*yāḇō'*": "come/enter/arrive", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings/judges", "*ḥălôm*": "dream/vision during sleep", "*mēṯ*": "dying/dead/about to die", "*bə'ūlaṯ bā'al*": "married to a husband/owned by a master/possessed by an owner" } }
• Jer 3:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.1", "source": "לֵאמֹ֡ר הֵ֣ן יְשַׁלַּ֣ח אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־אִשְׁתּוֹ֩ וְהָלְכָ֨ה מֵאִתּ֜וֹ וְהָיְתָ֣ה לְאִישׁ־אַחֵ֗ר הֲיָשׁ֤וּב אֵלֶ֙יהָ֙ ע֔וֹד הֲל֛וֹא חָנ֥וֹף תֶּחֱנַ֖ף הָאָ֣רֶץ הַהִ֑יא וְאַ֗תְּ זָנִית֙ רֵעִ֣ים רַבִּ֔ים וְשׁ֥וֹב אֵלַ֖י נְאֻם־יְהֹוָֽה׃", "text": "*lēʾmōr* *hēn* *yᵉšallaḥ* *ʾîš* *ʾet*-*ʾištô* *wᵉhālᵉḵâ* from-him *wᵉhāyᵉtâ* to-*ʾîš*-another, *hᵃyāšûḇ* to-her again? *hᵃlôʾ* *ḥānôp̄* *teḥĕnap̄* the-*ʾereṣ* that? And-you *zānît* *rēʿîm* many, yet-*šôḇ* to-me *nᵉʾum*-*YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - 'to say/saying'", "*hēn*": "demonstrative particle - 'behold/if'", "*yᵉšallaḥ*": "Piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'sends away/dismisses'", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - 'man/husband'", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾištô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his wife'", "*wᵉhālᵉḵâ*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'and she goes/went'", "*wᵉhāyᵉtâ*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'and she becomes/became'", "*hᵃyāšûḇ*": "interrogative particle + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'will he return?'", "*hᵃlôʾ*": "interrogative particle + negative particle - 'will not?'", "*ḥānôp̄*": "Qal infinitive absolute - 'utterly polluted'", "*teḥĕnap̄*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - 'be polluted'", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - 'land/earth'", "*zānît*": "Qal perfect 2nd feminine singular - 'you have played the harlot'", "*rēʿîm*": "noun, masculine plural - 'companions/lovers'", "*šôḇ*": "Qal infinitive absolute - 'return'", "*nᵉʾum*": "construct state, utterance/declaration", "*YHWH*": "proper name - 'Yahweh/LORD'" }, "variants": { "*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say", "*hēn*": "behold/look/if", "*yᵉšallaḥ*": "sends away/divorces/dismisses", "*ʾîš*": "man/husband/each one", "*wᵉhālᵉḵâ*": "and she goes/departs/leaves", "*wᵉhāyᵉtâ*": "and she becomes/belongs to", "*hᵃyāšûḇ*": "will he return/take her back", "*ḥānôp̄*": "greatly polluted/utterly defiled", "*teḥĕnap̄*": "be polluted/defiled/profaned", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/earth/ground/territory", "*zānît*": "played the harlot/been promiscuous/been unfaithful", "*rēʿîm*": "companions/friends/lovers", "*šôḇ*": "return/come back", "*nᵉʾum*": "declaration/utterance/oracle" } }
• Rom 7:2-3 : 2 { "verseID": "Romans.7.2", "source": "Ἡ γὰρ ὕπανδρος γυνὴ τῷ ζῶντι ἀνδρὶ δέδεται νόμῳ· ἐὰν δὲ ἀποθάνῃ ὁ ἀνήρ, κατήργηται ἀπὸ τοῦ νόμου τοῦ ἀνδρός.", "text": "For the *hypandros gynē* to the *zōnti andri* has been *dedetai* by *nomō*; but if *apothanē* the *anēr*, she has been *katērgētai* from the *nomou* of the *andros*.", "grammar": { "*gar*": "conjunction - for/because", "*hypandros*": "adjective, nominative, feminine, singular - under/subject to a husband", "*gynē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - woman/wife", "*tō zōnti andri*": "dative, masculine, singular - to the living husband", "*dedetai*": "perfect passive indicative, 3rd person singular - has been bound", "*nomō*": "dative, masculine, singular - by law", "*ean*": "conditional conjunction - if", "*de*": "conjunction - but/and", "*apothanē*": "aorist subjunctive active, 3rd person singular - might die/should die", "*ho anēr*": "nominative, masculine, singular - the husband/man", "*katērgētai*": "perfect passive indicative, 3rd person singular - has been released/freed/discharged", "*apo*": "preposition + genitive - from", "*tou nomou tou andros*": "genitive, masculine, singular - from the law of the husband" }, "variants": { "*hypandros*": "married/under a husband's authority", "*gynē*": "woman/wife", "*zōnti*": "living/alive", "*andri*": "husband/man", "*dedetai*": "bound/tied/legally obligated", "*nomō*": "by law/by legal statute", "*apothanē*": "dies/should die", "*katērgētai*": "released/discharged/freed from obligation/rendered inoperative" } } 3 { "verseID": "Romans.7.3", "source": "Ἄρα οὖν ζῶντος τοῦ ἀνδρὸς, μοιχαλὶς χρηματίσει: ἐὰν, γένηται ἀνδρὶ ἑτέρῳ, ἐὰν δὲ ἀποθάνῃ ὁ ἀνήρ, ἐλευθέρα ἐστὶν ἀπὸ τοῦ νόμου· τοῦ μὴ εἶναι αὐτὴν μοιχαλίδα, γενομένην ἀνδρὶ ἑτέρῳ.", "text": "*Ara oun zōntos tou andros*, *moichalis chrēmatisei* if she *genētai andri heterō*, but if *apothanē ho anēr*, *eleuthera estin apo tou nomou*; of the not *einai autēn moichalida*, having *genomenēn andri heterō*.", "grammar": { "*Ara oun*": "inferential particles - therefore/consequently", "*zōntos tou andros*": "genitive absolute, masculine, singular - while the husband lives", "*moichalis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - adulteress", "*chrēmatisei*": "future indicative active, 3rd person singular - she will be called/designated", "*ean*": "conditional conjunction - if", "*genētai*": "aorist subjunctive middle, 3rd person singular - she becomes/joins herself", "*andri heterō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to another man/husband", "*de*": "conjunction - but/and", "*apothanē*": "aorist subjunctive active, 3rd person singular - might die/should die", "*ho anēr*": "nominative, masculine, singular - the husband/man", "*eleuthera*": "adjective, nominative, feminine, singular - free", "*estin*": "present indicative, 3rd person singular - she is", "*apo tou nomou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - from the law", "*tou mē einai autēn*": "genitive articular infinitive with accusative subject - so that she is not", "*moichalida*": "accusative, feminine, singular - adulteress", "*genomenēn*": "aorist participle middle, accusative, feminine, singular - having become/joined herself", "*andri heterō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to another man/husband" }, "variants": { "*moichalis*": "adulteress/unfaithful woman", "*chrēmatisei*": "will be called/designated/named/regarded as", "*genētai*": "joins herself to/becomes united with/marries", "*heterō*": "another/different", "*eleuthera*": "free/liberated/released", "*genomenēn*": "becoming/joining herself to/marrying" } }
• 1 Cor 5:1 : 1 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.5.1", "source": "¶Ὅλως ἀκούεται ἐν ὑμῖν πορνεία, καὶ τοιαύτη πορνεία ἥτις οὐδὲ ἐν τοῖς Ἔθνεσιν ὀνομάζεται, ὥστε γυναῖκά τινα τοῦ πατρὸς ἔχειν.", "text": "*Holōs akouetai* in you *porneia*, and such *porneia* which not even in the *Ethnesin onomazetai*, so as *gynaika tina* of the father to have.", "grammar": { "*Holōs*": "adverb - completely/entirely/actually", "*akouetai*": "present passive, 3rd singular - is heard/reported", "*porneia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - sexual immorality", "*Ethnesin*": "dative, neuter, plural - nations/Gentiles", "*onomazetai*": "present passive, 3rd singular - is named/mentioned", "*gynaika*": "accusative, feminine, singular - woman/wife", "*tina*": "accusative, feminine, singular - a certain/some", "*echein*": "present active infinitive - to have/possess" }, "variants": { "*Holōs*": "actually/generally/commonly", "*porneia*": "sexual immorality/fornication/prostitution", "*Ethnesin*": "Gentiles/nations/pagans", "*gynaika tina tou patros*": "father's wife/stepmother" } }
• 1 Cor 7:4 : 4 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.7.4", "source": "Ἡ γυνὴ τοῦ ἰδίου σώματος οὐκ ἐξουσιάζει, ἀλλʼ ὁ ἀνήρ: ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ ὁ ἀνὴρ τοῦ ἰδίου σώματος οὐκ ἐξουσιάζει, ἀλλʼ ἡ γυνή.", "text": "The *gunē* of the *idiou* *sōmatos* *ouk* *exousiazei*, but the *anēr*: *homoiōs* *de* also the *anēr* of the *idiou* *sōmatos* *ouk* *exousiazei*, but the *gunē*.", "grammar": { "*gunē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - wife/woman", "*idiou*": "genitive, neuter, singular, adjective - own/personal/private", "*sōmatos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - body", "*ouk*": "negative particle - not", "*exousiazei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - exercises authority over/has power over", "*anēr*": "nominative, masculine, singular - husband/man", "*homoiōs*": "adverb - likewise/similarly/in the same way", "*de*": "postpositive particle - and/but/moreover" }, "variants": { "*gunē*": "wife/woman", "*idiou*": "own/personal/particular/private", "*sōmatos*": "body/physical form", "*exousiazei*": "exercises authority over/has power over/controls", "*anēr*": "husband/man" } }
• 2 Chr 21:11 : 11 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.21.11", "source": "גַּם־ה֥וּא עָשָֽׂה־בָמ֖וֹת בְּהָרֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֑ה וַיֶּ֙זֶן֙ אֶת־יֹשְׁבֵ֣י יְרוּשָׁלִַ֔ם וַיַּדַּ֖ח אֶת־יְהוּדָֽה׃ פ", "text": "Also-he *ʿāśāh*-*bāmôṯ* in-*hārê* *Yĕhûḏāh* and-*wayyezen* *ʾeṯ*-*yōšĕḇê* *Yĕrûšālaim* and-*wayyaddaḥ* *ʾeṯ*-*Yĕhûḏāh*.", "grammar": { "*ʿāśāh*": "verb, perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he made", "*bāmôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural - high places", "*hārê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - mountains of", "*Yĕhûḏāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*wayyezen*": "waw-consecutive hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he caused to commit fornication", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*yōšĕḇê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - inhabitants of", "*Yĕrûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*wayyaddaḥ*": "waw-consecutive hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he caused to be driven away", "*Yĕhûḏāh*": "proper noun - Judah" }, "variants": { "*ʿāśāh*": "made/built/constructed", "*bāmôṯ*": "high places/shrines/altars", "*hārê*": "mountains/hills", "*wayyezen*": "caused to commit fornication/led into idolatry/caused to be unfaithful", "*yōšĕḇê*": "inhabitants/residents/dwellers", "*wayyaddaḥ*": "caused to be driven away/led astray/seduced" } }