1 {
"verseID": "Judges.6.1",
"source": "וַיַּעֲשׂ֧וּ בְנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל הָרַ֖ע בְּעֵינֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וַיִּתְּנֵ֧ם יְהוָ֛ה בְּיַד־מִדְיָ֖ן שֶׁ֥בַע שָׁנִֽים׃",
"text": "*wə-yaʿăśû* *bənê-yiśrāʾēl* *hāraʿ* in *ʿênê* *YHWH* and *wə-yittənēm* *YHWH* in *yad-midyān* *šebaʿ* *šānîm*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yaʿăśû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person plural - and they did/made",
"*bənê-yiśrāʾēl*": "construct noun phrase - sons of Israel",
"*hāraʿ*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the evil",
"*ʿênê*": "construct form, plural of *ʿayin* - eyes of",
"*YHWH*": "divine name, tetragrammaton",
"*wə-yittənēm*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and he gave them",
"*yad-midyān*": "construct noun phrase - hand of Midian",
"*šebaʿ*": "cardinal number - seven",
"*šānîm*": "noun, feminine plural - years"
},
"variants": {
"*hāraʿ*": "the evil/wickedness/harm",
"*ʿênê*": "eyes/sight/presence",
"*yad*": "hand/power/control"
}
}
2 {
"verseID": "Judges.6.2",
"source": "וַתָּ֥עָז יַד־מִדְיָ֖ן עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל מִפְּנֵ֨י מִדְיָ֜ן עָשֽׂוּ לָהֶ֣ם ׀ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אֶת־הַמִּנְהָרוֹת֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בֶּֽהָרִ֔ים וְאֶת־הַמְּעָר֖וֹת וְאֶת־הַמְּצָדֽוֹת׃",
"text": "*wə-tāʿāz* *yad-midyān* *ʿal-yiśrāʾēl* *mippənê* *midyān* *ʿāśû* *lāhem* *bənê yiśrāʾēl* *ʾet-hamminəhārôt* *ʾăšer* *behārîm* *wə-ʾet-hamməʿārôt* *wə-ʾet-hamməṣādôt*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-tāʿāz*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and it became strong",
"*yad-midyān*": "construct noun phrase - hand of Midian",
"*ʿal-yiśrāʾēl*": "preposition + proper noun - over/against Israel",
"*mippənê*": "preposition min + construct form of *pānîm* - from before/because of",
"*ʿāśû*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural - they made",
"*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - for themselves",
"*ʾet-hamminəhārôt*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun, feminine plural - the dens/caverns",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that",
"*behārîm*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - in the mountains",
"*wə-ʾet-hamməʿārôt*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + noun, feminine plural - and the caves",
"*wə-ʾet-hamməṣādôt*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + noun, feminine plural - and the strongholds"
},
"variants": {
"*tāʿāz*": "became strong/prevailed/overpowered",
"*mippənê*": "from before/because of/due to",
"*minəhārôt*": "dens/caverns/hiding places",
"*məʿārôt*": "caves/hollows",
"*məṣādôt*": "strongholds/fortresses"
}
}
3 {
"verseID": "Judges.6.3",
"source": "וְהָיָ֖ה אִם־זָרַ֣ע יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְעָלָ֨ה מִדְיָ֧ן וֽ͏ַעֲמָלֵ֛ק וּבְנֵי־קֶ֖דֶם וְעָל֥וּ עָלָֽיו׃",
"text": "*wə-hāyâ* if *zāraʿ* *yiśrāʾēl* and *wə-ʿālâ* *midyān* *wa-ʿămālēq* and *bənê-qedem* and *wə-ʿālû* *ʿālāyw*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-hāyâ*": "waw consecutive + qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and it happened/was",
"*zāraʿ*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - sowed/planted",
"*wə-ʿālâ*": "waw consecutive + qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and came up/ascended",
"*wa-ʿămālēq*": "waw conjunction + proper noun - and Amalek",
"*bənê-qedem*": "construct noun phrase - sons/people of the east",
"*wə-ʿālû*": "waw consecutive + qal perfect 3rd person plural - and they came up/ascended",
"*ʿālāyw*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - against him/it"
},
"variants": {
"*wə-hāyâ*": "and it happened/and it came to pass/whenever",
"*zāraʿ*": "sowed/planted/seeded",
"*ʿālâ*": "came up/ascended/attacked/invaded"
}
}
4 {
"verseID": "Judges.6.4",
"source": "וַיַּחֲנ֣וּ עֲלֵיהֶ֗ם וַיַּשְׁחִ֙יתוּ֙ אֶת־יְב֣וּל הָאָ֔רֶץ עַד־בּוֹאֲךָ֖ עַזָּ֑ה וְלֹֽא־יַשְׁאִ֤ירוּ מִֽחְיָה֙ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְשֶׂ֥ה וָשׁ֖וֹר וַחֲמֽוֹר׃",
"text": "*wə-yaḥănû* *ʿălêhem* and *wə-yašḥîtû* *ʾet-yəbûl* *hāʾāreṣ* until *bôʾăkā* *ʿazzâ* and not *yašʾîrû* *miḥyâ* in *yiśrāʾēl* and *śeh* and *šôr* and *ḥămôr*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yaḥănû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they encamped/camped",
"*ʿălêhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - against them",
"*wə-yašḥîtû*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they destroyed/ruined",
"*ʾet-yəbûl*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular - produce/increase of",
"*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land/earth",
"*bôʾăkā*": "qal infinitive construct + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your coming/entrance",
"*ʿazzâ*": "proper noun - Gaza",
"*yašʾîrû*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they left/kept",
"*miḥyâ*": "noun, feminine singular - sustenance/livelihood",
"*śeh*": "noun, masculine singular - sheep/lamb",
"*šôr*": "noun, masculine singular - ox/bull",
"*ḥămôr*": "noun, masculine singular - donkey/ass"
},
"variants": {
"*yaḥănû*": "encamped/pitched camp against/besieged",
"*yašḥîtû*": "destroyed/ruined/laid waste",
"*yəbûl*": "produce/increase/yield/crops",
"*miḥyâ*": "sustenance/means of life/food"
}
}
5 {
"verseID": "Judges.6.5",
"source": "כִּ֡י הֵם֩ וּמִקְנֵיהֶ֨ם יַעֲל֜וּ וְאָהֳלֵיהֶ֗ם *יבאו **וּבָ֤אוּ כְדֵֽי־אַרְבֶּה֙ לָרֹ֔ב וְלָהֶ֥ם וְלִגְמַלֵּיהֶ֖ם אֵ֣ין מִסְפָּ֑ר וַיָּבֹ֥אוּ בָאָ֖רֶץ לְשַׁחֲתָֽהּ׃",
"text": "For *hēm* and *miqnêhem* *yaʿălû* and *ʾāhŏlêhem* *ûbāʾû* like *kədê-ʾarbeh* to *lārōb* and to them and to *ligmallêhem* *ʾên* *mispār* and *wayyābōʾû* in *hāʾāreṣ* to *ləšaḥătāh*",
"grammar": {
"*hēm*": "3rd person masculine plural pronoun - they",
"*miqnêhem*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their livestock/cattle",
"*yaʿălû*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they would come up",
"*ʾāhŏlêhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their tents",
"*ûbāʾû*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect 3rd person plural - and they came [Ketiv: *yābōʾû* - they would come]",
"*kədê-ʾarbeh*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - like locusts",
"*lārōb*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - in abundance/multitude",
"*ligmallêhem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to their camels",
"*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not",
"*mispār*": "noun, masculine singular - number/count",
"*wayyābōʾû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they came",
"*ləšaḥătāh*": "preposition + piel infinitive construct + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - to destroy it"
},
"variants": {
"*miqnêhem*": "their livestock/cattle/possessions",
"*yaʿălû*": "would come up/ascend/invade",
"*kədê-ʾarbeh*": "like locusts/in locust fashion",
"*lārōb*": "in abundance/in multitude/greatly",
"*mispār*": "number/count/quantity",
"*ləšaḥătāh*": "to destroy it/to ruin it/to lay it waste"
}
}