4 {
"verseID": "1 Thessalonians.5.4",
"source": "Ὑμεῖς δέ, ἀδελφοί, οὐκ ἐστὲ ἐν σκότει, ἵνα ἡ ἡμέρα ὑμᾶς ὡς κλέπτης καταλάβῃ.",
"text": "*Hymeis de, adelphoi*, not *este en skotei, hina* the *hēmera hymas hōs kleptēs katalabē*.",
"grammar": {
"*Hymeis*": "nominative, plural - you",
"*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now",
"*adelphoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - brothers",
"*este*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you are",
"*en*": "preposition + dative - in",
"*skotei*": "dative, neuter, singular - darkness",
"*hina*": "conjunction - in order that/so that",
"*hēmera*": "nominative, feminine, singular - day",
"*hymas*": "accusative, plural - you (object)",
"*hōs*": "comparative particle - as/like",
"*kleptēs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - thief",
"*katalabē*": "aorist, active, subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might overtake/seize"
},
"variants": {
"*skotei*": "darkness/obscurity",
"*katalabē*": "might overtake/seize/catch/come upon suddenly"
}
}
5 {
"verseID": "1 Thessalonians.5.5",
"source": "Πάντες ὑμεῖς υἱοὶ φωτός ἐστε, καὶ υἱοὶ ἡμέρας: οὐκ ἐσμὲν νυκτὸς, οὐδὲ σκότους.",
"text": "*Pantes hymeis huioi phōtos este*, and *huioi hēmeras*: not *esmen nyktos*, *oude skotous*.",
"grammar": {
"*Pantes*": "nominative, masculine, plural - all",
"*hymeis*": "nominative, plural - you",
"*huioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - sons",
"*phōtos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of light",
"*este*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you are",
"*huioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - sons",
"*hēmeras*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of day",
"*esmen*": "present, active, indicative, 1st person plural - we are",
"*nyktos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of night",
"*oude*": "negative conjunction - nor/neither",
"*skotous*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of darkness"
},
"variants": {
"*huioi*": "sons/children (idiomatic for those belonging to or characterized by)",
"*phōtos*": "of light/light's",
"*nyktos*": "of night/night's",
"*skotous*": "of darkness/darkness'"
}
}
6 {
"verseID": "1 Thessalonians.5.6",
"source": "Ἄρα οὖν μὴ καθεύδωμεν, ὡς καὶ οἱ λοιποί· ἀλλὰ γρηγορῶμεν καὶ νήφωμεν.",
"text": "*Ara oun mē katheudōmen, hōs kai hoi loipoi; alla grēgorōmen kai nēphōmen*.",
"grammar": {
"*Ara oun*": "inferential conjunction - therefore then/so then",
"*mē*": "negative particle - not",
"*katheudōmen*": "present, active, subjunctive, 1st person plural - let us sleep/we should sleep",
"*hōs*": "comparative particle - as/like",
"*kai*": "adverbial - also/even",
"*hoi loipoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural with article - the rest/the others",
"*alla*": "adversative conjunction - but",
"*grēgorōmen*": "present, active, subjunctive, 1st person plural - let us be alert/let us stay awake",
"*kai*": "conjunction - and",
"*nēphōmen*": "present, active, subjunctive, 1st person plural - let us be sober/let us be self-controlled"
},
"variants": {
"*katheudōmen*": "let us sleep/we should sleep (metaphorical for spiritual unawareness)",
"*loipoi*": "rest/others/remainder",
"*grēgorōmen*": "let us be alert/let us stay awake/let us be vigilant",
"*nēphōmen*": "let us be sober/let us be self-controlled/let us be clearheaded"
}
}
7 {
"verseID": "1 Thessalonians.5.7",
"source": "Οἱ γὰρ καθεύδοντες νυκτὸς καθεύδουσιν· καὶ οἱ μεθυσκόμενοι νυκτὸς μεθύουσιν.",
"text": "*Hoi gar katheudontes nyktos katheudousin*; and *hoi methyskomenoi nyktos methyousin*.",
"grammar": {
"*Hoi katheudontes*": "nominative, masculine, plural with article - the ones sleeping/those who sleep",
"*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for/because",
"*nyktos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of night/at night",
"*katheudousin*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person plural - they sleep",
"*hoi methyskomenoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural with article - the ones getting drunk/those getting drunk",
"*nyktos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of night/at night",
"*methyousin*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person plural - they are drunk/they get drunk"
},
"variants": {
"*katheudousin*": "they sleep/they are asleep",
"*methyskomenoi*": "getting drunk/becoming intoxicated",
"*methyousin*": "they are drunk/they become drunk/they get intoxicated"
}
}
8 {
"verseID": "1 Thessalonians.5.8",
"source": "Ἡμεῖς δὲ, ἡμέρας ὄντες, νήφωμεν, ἐνδυσάμενοι θώρακα πίστεως καὶ ἀγάπης· καὶ περικεφαλαίαν, ἐλπίδα σωτηρίας.",
"text": "*Hēmeis de, hēmeras ontes, nēphōmen, endysamenoi thōraka pisteōs kai agapēs*; and *perikephalaian, elpida sōtērias*.",
"grammar": {
"*Hēmeis*": "nominative, plural - we",
"*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now",
"*hēmeras*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of day",
"*ontes*": "present, active, participle, nominative, masculine, plural - being",
"*nēphōmen*": "present, active, subjunctive, 1st person plural - let us be sober/let us be self-controlled",
"*endysamenoi*": "aorist, middle, participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having put on/having clothed ourselves",
"*thōraka*": "accusative, masculine, singular - breastplate",
"*pisteōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of faith",
"*kai*": "conjunction - and",
"*agapēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of love",
"*perikephalaian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - helmet",
"*elpida*": "accusative, feminine, singular - hope",
"*sōtērias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of salvation"
},
"variants": {
"*ontes*": "being/existing as",
"*nēphōmen*": "let us be sober/let us be self-controlled/let us be clearheaded",
"*endysamenoi*": "having put on/having clothed ourselves with",
"*thōraka*": "breastplate/chest armor",
"*pisteōs*": "of faith/of trust",
"*agapēs*": "of love/of charity",
"*perikephalaian*": "helmet/head protection",
"*elpida*": "hope/expectation",
"*sōtērias*": "of salvation/of deliverance/of preservation"
}
}
9 {
"verseID": "1 Thessalonians.5.9",
"source": "Ὅτι οὐκ ἔθετο ἡμᾶς ὁ Θεὸς εἰς ὀργὴν, ἀλλʼ εἰς περιποίησιν σωτηρίας διὰ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ,",
"text": "*Hoti ouk etheto hēmas ho Theos eis orgēn, all' eis peripoiēsin sōtērias dia tou Kyriou hēmōn Iēsou Christou*,",
"grammar": {
"*Hoti*": "conjunction - because/for",
"*ouk*": "negative particle - not",
"*etheto*": "aorist, middle, indicative, 3rd person singular - appointed/set/placed",
"*hēmas*": "accusative, plural - us",
"*ho Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular with article - God",
"*eis*": "preposition + accusative - into/for",
"*orgēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - wrath/anger",
"*all'*": "adversative conjunction - but",
"*eis*": "preposition + accusative - into/for",
"*peripoiēsin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - obtaining/acquisition/possession",
"*sōtērias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of salvation",
"*dia*": "preposition + genitive - through",
"*tou Kyriou*": "genitive, masculine, singular with article - of the Lord",
"*hēmōn*": "genitive, plural - of us/our",
"*Iēsou Christou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of Jesus Christ"
},
"variants": {
"*etheto*": "appointed/set/placed/destined",
"*orgēn*": "wrath/anger/indignation",
"*peripoiēsin*": "obtaining/acquisition/possession/preservation",
"*sōtērias*": "of salvation/of deliverance/of preservation"
}
}
10 {
"verseID": "1 Thessalonians.5.10",
"source": "Τοῦ ἀποθανόντος ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν, ἵνα, εἴτε γρηγορῶμεν εἴτε καθεύδωμεν, ἅμα σὺν αὐτῷ ζήσωμεν.",
"text": "*Tou apothanontos hyper hēmōn, hina, eite grēgorōmen eite katheudōmen, hama syn autō zēsōmen*.",
"grammar": {
"*Tou apothanontos*": "aorist, active, participle, genitive, masculine, singular with article - the one who died",
"*hyper*": "preposition + genitive - for/on behalf of",
"*hēmōn*": "genitive, plural - of us/our",
"*hina*": "conjunction - in order that/so that",
"*eite*": "conjunction - whether",
"*grēgorōmen*": "present, active, subjunctive, 1st person plural - we may be awake/we should be alert",
"*eite*": "conjunction - or",
"*katheudōmen*": "present, active, subjunctive, 1st person plural - we may sleep/we should sleep",
"*hama*": "adverb - together/at the same time",
"*syn*": "preposition + dative - with",
"*autō*": "dative, masculine, singular - him",
"*zēsōmen*": "aorist, active, subjunctive, 1st person plural - we might live"
},
"variants": {
"*apothanontos*": "who died/having died",
"*hyper*": "for/on behalf of/for the sake of",
"*eite...eite*": "whether...or",
"*grēgorōmen*": "we may be awake/we should be alert (metaphorical: spiritually vigilant or alive physically)",
"*katheudōmen*": "we may sleep/we should sleep (metaphorical: spiritually unaware or dead physically)",
"*zēsōmen*": "we might live/we should live"
}
}