18 {
"verseID": "Romans.9.18",
"source": "Ἄρα οὖν ὃν θέλει ἐλεεῖ· ὃν δὲ θέλει σκληρύνει.",
"text": "*Ara oun* whom he *thelei eleei*; whom *de* he *thelei sklērynei*.",
"grammar": {
"*Ara*": "inferential particle - then/therefore",
"*oun*": "conjunction - therefore/so",
"*thelei*": "present, indicative, active, 3rd person singular - he wills/desires",
"*eleei*": "present, indicative, active, 3rd person singular - he shows mercy",
"*de*": "particle - but/and",
"*sklērynei*": "present, indicative, active, 3rd person singular - he hardens"
},
"variants": {
"*Ara oun*": "so then/therefore/consequently",
"*thelei*": "he wills/desires/wishes",
"*eleei*": "he shows mercy/has compassion on",
"*sklērynei*": "he hardens/makes stubborn/makes obstinate"
}
}
19 {
"verseID": "Romans.9.19",
"source": "Ἐρεῖς οὖν μοι, Τί ἔτι μέμφεται; Τῷ γὰρ βουλήματι αὐτοῦ τίς ἀνθέστηκεν;",
"text": "You will *ereis oun* to me, Why *eti memphetai*? For the *boulēmati* of him who has *anthestēken*?",
"grammar": {
"*ereis*": "future, indicative, active, 2nd person singular - you will say",
"*oun*": "conjunction - therefore/then",
"*eti*": "adverb - still/yet",
"*memphetai*": "present, indicative, middle/passive, 3rd person singular - he finds fault",
"*boulēmati*": "dative, neuter, singular - will/purpose",
"*anthestēken*": "perfect, indicative, active, 3rd person singular - has resisted"
},
"variants": {
"*ereis*": "you will say/tell",
"*eti*": "still/yet/anymore",
"*memphetai*": "he finds fault/blames/complains",
"*boulēmati*": "will/purpose/intention",
"*anthestēken*": "has resisted/withstood/opposed"
}
}
20 {
"verseID": "Romans.9.20",
"source": "Μενοῦνγε, ὦ ἄνθρωπε, σὺ τίς εἶ ὁ ἀνταποκρινόμενος τῷ Θεῷ; Μὴ ἐρεῖ τὸ πλάσμα τῷ πλάσαντι, Τί με ἐποίησας οὕτως;",
"text": "*Menounge*, O *anthrōpe*, you who are *ei* the *antapokrinomenos* to *Theō*? *Mē erei* the *plasma* to the *plasanti*, Why me *epoiēsas* thus?",
"grammar": {
"*Menounge*": "particle - on the contrary/rather/indeed",
"*anthrōpe*": "vocative, masculine, singular - O man",
"*ei*": "present, indicative, 2nd person singular - you are",
"*antapokrinomenos*": "present, participle, middle, nominative, masculine, singular - answering back",
"*Theō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to God",
"*Mē*": "negative particle [introduces question expecting negative answer]",
"*erei*": "future, indicative, active, 3rd person singular - will say",
"*plasma*": "nominative, neuter, singular - thing formed/creation",
"*plasanti*": "aorist, participle, active, dative, masculine, singular - to the one having formed",
"*epoiēsas*": "aorist, indicative, active, 2nd person singular - you made"
},
"variants": {
"*Menounge*": "on the contrary/rather/indeed",
"*anthrōpe*": "man/human/mortal",
"*antapokrinomenos*": "answering back/talking back/disputing",
"*plasma*": "thing formed/creation/vessel",
"*plasanti*": "to the one having formed/to the maker/to the creator",
"*epoiēsas*": "you made/created/fashioned"
}
}
21 {
"verseID": "Romans.9.21",
"source": "Ἢ οὐκ ἔχει ἐξουσίαν ὁ κεραμεὺς τοῦ πηλοῦ, ἐκ τοῦ αὐτοῦ φυράματος ποιῆσαι ὃ μὲν εἰς τιμὴν σκεῦος, ὃ δὲ εἰς ἀτιμίαν;",
"text": "Or not *echei exousian* the *kerameus* of the *pēlou*, out of the same *phyramatos poiēsai* which *men* for *timēn skeuos*, which *de* for *atimian*?",
"grammar": {
"*echei*": "present, indicative, active, 3rd person singular - has",
"*exousian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - authority/right",
"*kerameus*": "nominative, masculine, singular - potter",
"*pēlou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of clay",
"*phyramatos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of lump/batch",
"*poiēsai*": "aorist, infinitive, active - to make",
"*men*": "particle - on the one hand",
"*timēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - honor",
"*skeuos*": "accusative, neuter, singular - vessel",
"*de*": "particle - but/and/on the other hand",
"*atimian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - dishonor"
},
"variants": {
"*echei exousian*": "has authority/has power/has right",
"*kerameus*": "potter/craftsman",
"*pēlou*": "of clay/of mud",
"*phyramatos*": "of lump/of batch/of mixture",
"*poiēsai*": "to make/to create/to fashion",
"*timēn*": "honor/dignity/value",
"*skeuos*": "vessel/instrument/container",
"*atimian*": "dishonor/common use/dishonorable use"
}
}
22 {
"verseID": "Romans.9.22",
"source": "Εἰ δὲ θέλων ὁ Θεὸς, ἐνδείξασθαι τὴν ὀργήν, καὶ γνωρίσαι τὸ δυνατὸν αὐτοῦ, ἤνεγκεν ἐν πολλῇ μακροθυμίᾳ σκεύη ὀργῆς κατηρτισμένα εἰς ἀπώλειαν:",
"text": "But if *thelōn* the *Theos*, to *endeixasthai* the *orgēn*, and to *gnōrisai* the *dynaton* of him, *ēnenken* in much *makrothymia skeuē orgēs katērtismena* for *apōleian*:",
"grammar": {
"*thelōn*": "present, participle, active, nominative, masculine, singular - willing/desiring",
"*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God",
"*endeixasthai*": "aorist, infinitive, middle - to show/demonstrate",
"*orgēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - wrath/anger",
"*gnōrisai*": "aorist, infinitive, active - to make known",
"*dynaton*": "accusative, neuter, singular - power/might",
"*ēnenken*": "aorist, indicative, active, 3rd person singular - endured/bore",
"*makrothymia*": "dative, feminine, singular - patience/longsuffering",
"*skeuē*": "accusative, neuter, plural - vessels",
"*orgēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of wrath",
"*katērtismena*": "perfect, participle, passive, accusative, neuter, plural - having been prepared",
"*apōleian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - destruction"
},
"variants": {
"*thelōn*": "willing/desiring/wanting",
"*endeixasthai*": "to show/demonstrate/display",
"*orgēn*": "wrath/anger/indignation",
"*gnōrisai*": "to make known/reveal/declare",
"*dynaton*": "power/might/strength",
"*ēnenken*": "endured/bore/carried",
"*makrothymia*": "patience/longsuffering/forbearance",
"*skeuē orgēs*": "vessels of wrath/objects of wrath",
"*katērtismena*": "having been prepared/fitted/made ready",
"*apōleian*": "destruction/ruin/perdition"
}
}
23 {
"verseID": "Romans.9.23",
"source": "Καὶ ἵνα γνωρίσῃ τὸν πλοῦτον τῆς δόξης αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ σκεύη ἐλέους, ἃ προητοίμασεν εἰς δόξαν,",
"text": "And in order that he might *gnōrisē* the *plouton* of the *doxēs* of him upon *skeuē eleous*, which he *proētoimasen* for *doxan*,",
"grammar": {
"*gnōrisē*": "aorist, subjunctive, active, 3rd person singular - might make known",
"*plouton*": "accusative, masculine, singular - riches/wealth",
"*doxēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of glory",
"*skeuē*": "accusative, neuter, plural - vessels",
"*eleous*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of mercy",
"*proētoimasen*": "aorist, indicative, active, 3rd person singular - prepared beforehand",
"*doxan*": "accusative, feminine, singular - glory"
},
"variants": {
"*gnōrisē*": "might make known/reveal/declare",
"*plouton*": "riches/wealth/abundance",
"*doxēs*": "glory/splendor/honor",
"*skeuē eleous*": "vessels of mercy/objects of mercy",
"*proētoimasen*": "prepared beforehand/prepared in advance",
"*doxan*": "glory/honor/praise"
}
}