13 {
"verseID": "Joel.1.13",
"source": "חִגְר֨וּ וְסִפְד֜וּ הַכֹּהֲנִ֗ים הֵילִ֙ילוּ֙ מְשָׁרְתֵ֣י מִזְבֵּ֔חַ בֹּ֚אוּ לִ֣ינוּ בַשַּׂקִּ֔ים מְשָׁרְתֵ֖י אֱלֹהָ֑י כִּ֥י נִמְנַ֛ע מִבֵּ֥ית אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֖ם מִנְחָ֥ה וָנָֽסֶךְ׃",
"text": "*Ḥigrû* *wə*-*sip̄ḏû* *hakkōhănîm* *hêlîlû* *məšārəṯê* *mizbêaḥ* *bōʾû* *lînû* *baśśaqqîm* *məšārəṯê* *ʾĕlōhāy* *kî* *nimnaʿ* *mibbêṯ* *ʾĕlōhêḵem* *minḥāh* *wā*-*nāseḵ*",
"grammar": {
"*Ḥigrû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - gird yourselves",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*sip̄ḏû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - mourn, lament",
"*hakkōhănîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the priests",
"*hêlîlû*": "Hiphil imperative, masculine plural - wail, howl",
"*məšārəṯê*": "Piel participle, masculine plural construct - ministers of",
"*mizbêaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - altar",
"*bōʾû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - come",
"*lînû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - spend the night",
"*baśśaqqîm*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - in the sackcloth",
"*məšārəṯê*": "Piel participle, masculine plural construct - ministers of",
"*ʾĕlōhāy*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 1st person common singular suffix - my God",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for, because",
"*nimnaʿ*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - is withheld",
"*mibbêṯ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from house of",
"*ʾĕlōhêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your God",
"*minḥāh*": "noun, feminine singular - grain offering",
"*wā*": "conjunction - and",
"*nāseḵ*": "noun, masculine singular - drink offering"
},
"variants": {
"*Ḥigrû*": "gird yourselves/clothe yourselves/put on",
"*sip̄ḏû*": "mourn/lament/wail",
"*hêlîlû*": "wail/howl/lament",
"*məšārəṯê*": "ministers of/servants of/attendants of",
"*mizbêaḥ*": "altar/place of sacrifice",
"*bōʾû*": "come/enter/go",
"*lînû*": "spend the night/lodge/remain overnight",
"*baśśaqqîm*": "in sackcloth/in mourning garments",
"*nimnaʿ*": "is withheld/is kept back/is withdrawn",
"*minḥāh*": "grain offering/meal offering/tribute",
"*nāseḵ*": "drink offering/libation"
}
}
14 {
"verseID": "Joel.1.14",
"source": "קַדְּשׁוּ־צוֹם֙ קִרְא֣וּ עֲצָרָ֔ה אִסְפ֣וּ זְקֵנִ֗ים כֹּ֚ל יֹשְׁבֵ֣י הָאָ֔רֶץ בֵּ֖ית יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֑ם וְזַעֲק֖וּ אֶל־יְהוָֽה׃",
"text": "*Qaddəšû*-*ṣôm* *qirʾû* *ʿăṣārāh* *ʾisp̄û* *zəqēnîm* *kōl* *yōšəḇê* *hāʾāreṣ* *bêṯ* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêḵem* *wə*-*zaʿăqû* *ʾel*-*YHWH*",
"grammar": {
"*Qaddəšû*": "Piel imperative, masculine plural - consecrate, sanctify",
"*ṣôm*": "noun, masculine singular - fast",
"*qirʾû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - call, proclaim",
"*ʿăṣārāh*": "noun, feminine singular - solemn assembly",
"*ʾisp̄û*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - gather",
"*zəqēnîm*": "noun, masculine plural - elders",
"*kōl*": "construct state - all of",
"*yōšəḇê*": "Qal participle, masculine plural construct - inhabitants of, dwellers of",
"*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land",
"*bêṯ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name",
"*ʾĕlōhêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your God",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*zaʿăqû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - cry out",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - to, unto",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name"
},
"variants": {
"*Qaddəšû*": "consecrate/sanctify/set apart",
"*ṣôm*": "fast/abstention from food",
"*qirʾû*": "call/proclaim/announce",
"*ʿăṣārāh*": "solemn assembly/sacred gathering",
"*ʾisp̄û*": "gather/assemble/collect",
"*yōšəḇê*": "inhabitants of/dwellers of/residents of",
"*zaʿăqû*": "cry out/call loudly/shriek"
}
}
15 {
"verseID": "Joel.1.15",
"source": "אֲהָ֖הּ לַיּ֑וֹם כִּ֤י קָרוֹב֙ י֣וֹם יְהוָ֔ה וּכְשֹׁ֖ד מִשַׁדַּ֥י יָבֽוֹא׃",
"text": "*ʾĂhāh* *layyôm* *kî* *qārôḇ* *yôm* *YHWH* *û*-*ḵəšōḏ* *miššadday* *yāḇôʾ*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾĂhāh*": "interjection - alas, ah",
"*layyôm*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - for the day",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for, because",
"*qārôḇ*": "adjective, masculine singular - near",
"*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - day of",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name",
"*û*": "conjunction - and",
"*ḵəšōḏ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - like destruction",
"*miššadday*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - from the Almighty",
"*yāḇôʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it will come"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾĂhāh*": "alas/woe/ah",
"*qārôḇ*": "near/imminent/at hand",
"*šōḏ*": "destruction/devastation/ruin",
"*šadday*": "Almighty/the powerful One",
"*yāḇôʾ*": "it will come/it will arrive"
}
}
16 {
"verseID": "Joel.1.16",
"source": "הֲל֛וֹא נֶ֥גֶד עֵינֵ֖ינוּ אֹ֣כֶל נִכְרָ֑ת מִבֵּ֥ית אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ שִׂמְחָ֥ה וָגִֽיל׃",
"text": "*Hălôʾ* *negeḏ* *ʿênênû* *ʾōḵel* *niḵrāṯ* *mibbêṯ* *ʾĕlōhênû* *śimḥāh* *wā*-*gîl*",
"grammar": {
"*Hălôʾ*": "interrogative particle - is not",
"*negeḏ*": "preposition - before",
"*ʿênênû*": "noun, feminine dual construct + 1st person common plural suffix - our eyes",
"*ʾōḵel*": "noun, masculine singular - food",
"*niḵrāṯ*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - is cut off",
"*mibbêṯ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from house of",
"*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 1st person common plural suffix - our God",
"*śimḥāh*": "noun, feminine singular - joy",
"*wā*": "conjunction - and",
"*gîl*": "noun, masculine singular - gladness"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾōḵel*": "food/nourishment/meal",
"*niḵrāṯ*": "is cut off/removed/withheld",
"*śimḥāh*": "joy/happiness/pleasure",
"*gîl*": "gladness/rejoicing/exultation"
}
}