Ezekiel 18:7

KJV1611 – Modern English

And has not oppressed anyone, but has restored to the debtor his pledge, has spoiled none by violence, has given his bread to the hungry, and has covered the naked with a garment,

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְאִישׁ֙ לֹ֣א יוֹנֶ֔ה חֲבֹלָת֥וֹ חוֹב֙ יָשִׁ֔יב גְּזֵלָ֖ה לֹ֣א יִגְזֹ֑ל לַחְמוֹ֙ לְרָעֵ֣ב יִתֵּ֔ן וְעֵירֹ֖ם יְכַסֶּה־בָּֽגֶד׃

Transliteration

wə- ʾîš lōʾ yôneh ḥăbōlātô ḥôb yāšîb gəzēlāh lōʾ yigzōl laḥmô lə- rāʿēb yittēn wə- ʿêrōm yəkasseh-bāged

Grammar Details

• *wə-*: conjunction - and
• *ʾîš*: masculine singular noun - man
• *lōʾ*: negative particle - not
• *yôneh*: Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he oppresses
• *ḥăbōlātô*: feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his pledge
• *ḥôb*: masculine singular noun - debt
• *yāšîb*: Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will return
• *gəzēlāh*: feminine singular noun - robbery, plunder
• *yigzōl*: Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will rob
• *laḥmô*: masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his bread
• *lə-*: preposition - to
• *rāʿēb*: adjective masculine singular - hungry
• *yittēn*: Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will give
• *ʿêrōm*: adjective masculine singular - naked
• *yəkasseh*: Piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will cover
• *bāged*: masculine singular noun - garment, clothing

Word Meanings

• *yôneh*: oppresses/wrongs/mistreats
• *ḥăbōlāt*: pledge/security/thing taken in pledge
• *yāšîb*: returns/restores/gives back
• *gəzēlāh*: robbery/plunder/thing taken by force

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  He does not oppress anyone, but restores a pledge for a loan; he does not commit robbery, but gives his bread to the hungry and clothes the naked.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And hath not oppressed any, but hath restored to the debtor his pledge, hath spoiled none by violence, hath given his bread to the hungry, and hath covered the naked with a garment;

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  and hath not wronged{H3238} any,{H376} but hath restored{H7725} to the debtor{H2326} his pledge,{H2258} hath taken{H1497} nought by robbery,{H1500} hath given{H5414} his bread{H3899} to the hungry,{H7457} and hath covered{H3680} the naked{H5903} with a garment;{H899}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And hath not oppressed{H3238}{(H8686)} any{H376}, but hath restored{H7725}{(H8686)} to the debtor{H2326} his pledge{H2258}, hath spoiled{H1497}{(H8799)} none by violence{H1500}, hath given{H5414}{(H8799)} his bread{H3899} to the hungry{H7457}, and hath covered{H3680}{(H8762)} the naked{H5903} with a garment{H899};

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  he greueth no body: he geueth his detter his pledge agayne: he taketh none other mans good by violece: he parteth his mete with the hongrie: he clotheth the naked:

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Neither hath oppressed any, but hath restored the pledge to his dettour: he that hath spoyled none by violence, but hath giuen his bread to the hungry, and hath couered the naked with a garment,

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Neither hath oppressed any man, but hath restored to the detter his pledge: he that hath not spoyled any by violence, hath geuen his bread to the hungry, and hath clothed the naked:

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And hath not oppressed any, [but] hath restored to the debtor his pledge, hath spoiled none by violence, hath given his bread to the hungry, and hath covered the naked with a garment;

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  and has not wronged any, but has restored to the debtor his pledge, has taken nothing by robbery, has given his bread to the hungry, and has covered the naked with a garment;

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  A man -- he doth not oppress, His pledge to the debtor he doth return, Plunder he doth not take away, His bread to the hungry he doth give, And the naked doth cover with a garment,

• American Standard Version (1901)

  and hath not wronged any, but hath restored to the debtor his pledge, hath taken nought by robbery, hath given his bread to the hungry, and hath covered the naked with a garment;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  and hath not wronged any, but hath restored to the debtor his pledge, hath taken nought by robbery, hath given his bread to the hungry, and hath covered the naked with a garment;

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And has done no wrong to any, but has given back to the debtor what is his, and has taken no one's goods by force, and has given food to him who was in need of it, and clothing to him who was without it;

• World English Bible (2000)

  and has not wronged any, but has restored to the debtor his pledge, has taken nothing by robbery, has given his bread to the hungry, and has covered the naked with a garment;

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  does not oppress anyone, but gives the debtor back whatever was given in pledge, does not commit robbery, but gives his bread to the hungry and clothes the naked,

Referenced Verses

• Ezek 18:16 : 16 Nor has oppressed anyone, has not withheld the pledge, nor spoiled by violence, but has given his bread to the hungry, and has covered the naked with a garment,
• Exod 22:26 : 26 If you take your neighbor's garment as a pledge, you shall return it to him before the sun goes down,
• Ezek 18:12 : 12 Has oppressed the poor and needy, has spoiled by violence, has not restored the pledge, and has lifted up his eyes to the idols, has committed abomination,
• Ezek 33:15 : 15 If the wicked restores the pledge, gives back what he has stolen, walks in the statutes of life, without committing iniquity; he shall surely live, he shall not die.
• Deut 24:12-13 : 12 And if the man is poor, you shall not sleep with his pledge: 13 In any case you shall return the pledge to him when the sun goes down, that he may sleep in his own clothing, and bless you: and it shall be righteousness to you before the LORD your God.
• Ezek 18:18 : 18 As for his father, because he cruelly oppressed, spoiled his brother by violence, and did what is not good among his people, behold, even he shall die in his iniquity.
• Amos 2:8 : 8 They lie down upon clothes laid to pledge by every altar, and they drink the wine of the condemned in the house of their god.
• Amos 3:10 : 10 For they know not to do right, says the LORD, who store up violence and robbery in their palaces.
• Luke 3:11 : 11 He answered and said to them, He who has two coats, let him give to him who has none; and he who has food, let him do likewise.
• 2 Cor 8:7-9 : 7 Therefore, as you abound in everything, in faith, in speech, in knowledge, in all diligence, and in your love for us, see that you abound in this grace also. 8 I speak not by commandment, but as a test of the sincerity of your love by the diligence of others. 9 For you know the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, that though he was rich, yet for your sakes he became poor, that through his poverty you might become rich.
• 2 Cor 9:6-9 : 6 But this I say: He who sows sparingly will also reap sparingly; and he who sows bountifully will also reap bountifully. 7 Every man according to what he purposes in his heart, so let him give; not grudgingly, or out of necessity: for God loves a cheerful giver. 8 And God is able to make all grace abound toward you; that you, always having all sufficiency in all things, may abound in every good work: 9 As it is written, He has dispersed abroad; he has given to the poor: his righteousness remains forever. 10 Now he who supplies seed to the sower also provides bread for your food, and multiplies your seed sown, and increases the fruits of your righteousness; 11 Being enriched in everything to all bountifulness, which through us produces thanksgiving to God. 12 For the administration of this service not only supplies the needs of the saints, but is also abundant through many thanksgivings to God; 13 While by the evidence of this ministry they glorify God for your professed submission to the gospel of Christ, and for your generous sharing with them, and with all men; 14 And by their prayer for you, who long after you for the exceeding grace of God in you.
• Jas 2:13-17 : 13 For judgment is without mercy to the one who has shown no mercy; mercy triumphs over judgment. 14 What does it profit, my brothers, if someone says he has faith but does not have works? Can faith save him? 15 If a brother or sister is naked and lacks daily food, 16 and one of you says to them, Depart in peace, be warmed and filled, but you do not give them the things needed for the body, what does it profit? 17 Thus also faith by itself, if it does not have works, is dead.
• Jas 5:1-6 : 1 Come now, you rich men, weep and wail for your miseries that shall come upon you. 2 Your riches are corrupted, and your garments are moth-eaten. 3 Your gold and silver are corroded; and their corrosion shall be a witness against you, and shall consume your flesh like fire. You have hoarded treasure for the last days. 4 Behold, the wages of the laborers who have reaped down your fields, which you have kept back by fraud, cry out; and the cries of those who have reaped have entered into the ears of the Lord of hosts. 5 You have lived in pleasure on the earth, and been indulgent; you have nourished your hearts as in a day of slaughter. 6 You have condemned and killed the righteous; and he does not resist you.
• 1 John 3:16-19 : 16 By this we perceive the love of God, because he laid down his life for us: and we ought to lay down our lives for the brothers. 17 But whoever has this world's goods, and sees his brother in need, and shuts up his compassion from him, how does the love of God abide in him? 18 My little children, let us not love in word or in tongue, but in deed and in truth. 19 And by this we know that we are of the truth, and shall assure our hearts before him.
• Gen 6:11-12 : 11 The earth also was corrupt before God, and the earth was filled with violence. 12 And God looked upon the earth, and indeed it was corrupt; for all flesh had corrupted their way on the earth.
• Exod 22:21-24 : 21 You shall neither mistreat a stranger nor oppress him, for you were strangers in the land of Egypt. 22 You shall not afflict any widow or fatherless child. 23 If you afflict them in any way, and they cry at all to me, I will surely hear their cry; 24 and my wrath shall grow hot, and I will kill you with the sword; your wives shall be widows and your children fatherless.
• Amos 5:11-12 : 11 Since you tread upon the poor, and you take from him burdens of wheat: you have built houses of hewn stone, but you shall not dwell in them; you have planted pleasant vineyards, but you shall not drink wine of them. 12 For I know your many transgressions and your mighty sins: they afflict the just, they take a bribe, and they turn aside the poor in the gate from their right.
• Amos 6:3 : 3 You who put far away the evil day, and bring near the seat of violence;
• Amos 8:4-6 : 4 Hear this, you who swallow up the needy, even to make the poor of the land fail, 5 Saying, When will the new moon be gone, that we may sell grain? and the Sabbath, that we may offer wheat for sale, making the ephah small and the shekel large, and falsifying the balances with deceit? 6 That we may buy the poor for silver, and the needy for a pair of sandals; yes, and sell the refuse of the wheat?
• Mic 2:1 : 1 Woe to those who devise iniquity and work evil upon their beds! When the morning is light, they practice it because it is in the power of their hand.
• Mic 3:2 : 2 Who hate good and love evil; who strip their skin from off them, and their flesh from off their bones;
• Zeph 1:9 : 9 In the same day also will I punish all those that leap over the threshold, who fill their masters' houses with violence and deceit.
• Zech 7:9-9 : 9 Thus says the LORD of hosts, saying, Execute true judgment, and show mercy and compassion every man to his brother: 10 And do not oppress the widow, nor the fatherless, the stranger, nor the poor; and let none of you plot evil against his brother in your heart. 11 But they refused to heed, and shrugged their shoulders, and stopped their ears, so they should not hear.
• Mal 3:5 : 5 And I will come near to you for judgment; and I will be a swift witness against the sorcerers, and against the adulterers, and against false swearers, and against those who oppress the laborer in his wages, the widow, and the fatherless, and who turn aside the stranger from his right, and do not fear me, says the LORD of hosts.
• Matt 25:34-46 : 34 Then the King will say to those on his right hand, Come, you blessed of my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world. 35 For I was hungry and you gave me food; I was thirsty and you gave me drink; I was a stranger and you took me in. 36 I was naked and you clothed me; I was sick and you visited me; I was in prison and you came to me. 37 Then the righteous will answer him, saying, Lord, when did we see you hungry and feed you, or thirsty and give you drink? 38 When did we see you a stranger and take you in, or naked and clothe you? 39 Or when did we see you sick, or in prison, and come to you? 40 And the King will answer and say to them, Truly, I say to you, inasmuch as you did it to one of the least of these my brethren, you did it to me. 41 Then he will also say to those on the left hand, Depart from me, you cursed, into everlasting fire, prepared for the devil and his angels. 42 For I was hungry and you gave me no food; I was thirsty and you gave me no drink. 43 I was a stranger and you did not take me in; naked and you did not clothe me; sick and in prison and you did not visit me. 44 Then they also will answer him, saying, Lord, when did we see you hungry, or thirsty, or a stranger, or naked, or sick, or in prison, and did not minister to you? 45 Then he will answer them, saying, Truly, I say to you, inasmuch as you did not do it to one of the least of these, you did not do it to me. 46 And these will go away into everlasting punishment, but the righteous into eternal life.
• Ezek 22:12-13 : 12 In you they have taken bribes to shed blood; you have taken usury and increase, and you have greedily gained from your neighbors by extortion, and have forgotten Me, says the Lord GOD. 13 Behold, therefore I have struck My hand at your dishonest gain which you have made, and at the blood which has been in your midst.
• Ezek 22:27-29 : 27 Her princes in its midst are like wolves ravening the prey, to shed blood, and to destroy souls, to get dishonest gain. 28 And her prophets have daubed them with untempered mortar, seeing false visions, and divining lies to them, saying, Thus says the Lord GOD, when the LORD has not spoken. 29 The people of the land have used oppression, and committed robbery, and have wronged the poor and needy: yes, they have oppressed the stranger wrongfully.
• Exod 23:9 : 9 Also you shall not oppress a stranger, for you know the heart of a stranger, because you were strangers in the land of Egypt.
• Lev 19:15 : 15 You shall do no unrighteousness in judgment: you shall not respect the person of the poor, nor honor the person of the mighty: but in righteousness you shall judge your neighbor.
• Lev 25:14 : 14 And if you sell anything to your neighbor, or buy anything of your neighbor's hand, you shall not oppress one another:
• Deut 15:7-9 : 7 If there is among you a poor man of one of your brothers within any of your gates in your land which the LORD your God gives you, you shall not harden your heart nor shut your hand from your poor brother. 8 But you shall open your hand wide to him, and shall surely give him sufficient for his need, in what he wants. 9 Beware that there is not a wicked thought in your heart, saying, 'The seventh year, the year of release, is at hand,' and your eye be evil against your poor brother, and you give him nothing; and he cries to the LORD against you, and it be sin to you. 10 You shall surely give to him, and your heart shall not be grieved when you give to him, because for this thing the LORD your God shall bless you in all your works, and in all that you put your hand to. 11 For the poor will never cease out of the land; therefore I command you, saying, you shall open your hand wide to your brother, to your poor, and to your needy, in your land.
• Deut 24:17 : 17 You shall not pervert the judgment of the stranger, nor of the fatherless; nor take a widow's clothing as a pledge:
• 1 Sam 12:3-4 : 3 Behold, here I am: witness against me before the LORD, and before his anointed: whose ox have I taken? or whose donkey have I taken? or whom have I defrauded? whom have I oppressed? or from whose hand have I received any bribe to blind my eyes with it? and I will restore it to you. 4 And they said, You have not defrauded us, nor oppressed us, neither have you taken anything from any man's hand.
• Job 22:6 : 6 For you have taken a pledge from your brother for nothing, and stripped the naked of their clothing.
• Job 24:3 : 3 They drive away the donkey of the fatherless; they take the widow's ox for a pledge.
• Job 24:9 : 9 They snatch the fatherless from the breast and take a pledge from the poor.
• Job 31:13-22 : 13 If I have despised the cause of my manservant or my maidservant, when they contended with me; 14 What then shall I do when God rises up? When He visits, what shall I answer Him? 15 Did not He that made me in the womb make him? And did not one fashion us in the womb? 16 If I have withheld the poor from their desire, or caused the eyes of the widow to fail; 17 Or have eaten my portion alone, and the fatherless has not eaten of it; 18 (For from my youth he was raised with me as with a father, and I have guided her from my mother's womb;) 19 If I have seen any perish for lack of clothing, or any poor without covering; 20 If his loins have not blessed me, and if he were not warmed with the fleece of my sheep; 21 If I have lifted my hand against the fatherless, when I saw my help in the gate; 22 Then let my arm fall from my shoulder blade, and let my arm be broken at the bone.
• Ps 41:1 : 1 Blessed is he who considers the poor; the LORD will deliver him in times of trouble.
• Ps 112:4 : 4 Unto the upright, there arises light in the darkness; he is gracious, full of compassion, and righteous.
• Ps 112:9 : 9 He has dispersed, he has given to the poor; his righteousness endures forever; his horn shall be exalted with honor.
• Prov 3:31 : 31 Do not envy the oppressor, and choose none of his ways.
• Prov 11:24-25 : 24 There is one who scatters, and yet increases; and there is one who withholds more than is right, and it leads to poverty. 25 The generous soul shall be made rich, and he who waters shall be watered also himself.
• Prov 14:31 : 31 He who oppresses the poor reproaches his Maker, but he who honors Him has mercy on the poor.
• Prov 22:22-23 : 22 Do not rob the poor because he is poor, neither oppress the afflicted in the gate; 23 For the LORD will plead their cause and plunder the soul of those who plunder them.
• Prov 28:8 : 8 He who by usury and unjust gain increases his wealth gathers it for one who will pity the poor.
• Prov 28:27 : 27 He who gives to the poor shall not lack, but he who hides his eyes will have many curses.
• Isa 1:17 : 17 Learn to do well; seek justice, relieve the oppressed, judge the fatherless, plead for the widow.
• Isa 5:7 : 7 For the vineyard of the LORD of hosts is the house of Israel, and the men of Judah are his pleasant plant: and he looked for justice, but behold, oppression; for righteousness, but behold, a cry.
• Isa 33:15 : 15 He who walks righteously, and speaks uprightly; he who despises the gain of oppressions, who shakes his hands from holding bribes, who stops his ears from hearing of bloodshed, and shuts his eyes from seeing evil;
• Isa 58:6-9 : 6 Is this not the fast that I have chosen: to loose the bonds of wickedness, to undo the heavy burdens, and to let the oppressed go free, and that you break every yoke? 7 Is it not to share your bread with the hungry, and that you bring the poor that are cast out to your house? When you see the naked, that you cover him; and that you do not hide yourself from your own flesh? 8 Then shall your light break forth like the morning, and your health shall spring forth speedily: and your righteousness shall go before you; the glory of the LORD shall be your rear guard. 9 Then you shall call, and the LORD shall answer; you shall cry, and he shall say, Here I am. If you take away the yoke from among you, the pointing of the finger, and speaking vanity; 10 And if you extend your soul to the hungry and satisfy the afflicted soul; then shall your light rise in obscurity, and your darkness be as the noonday: 11 And the LORD shall guide you continually and satisfy your soul in drought, and strengthen your bones: and you shall be like a watered garden and like a spring of water, whose waters do not fail.
• Isa 59:6-7 : 6 Their webs will not become garments, nor will they cover themselves with their works: their works are works of iniquity, and the act of violence is in their hands. 7 Their feet run to evil, and they hurry to shed innocent blood: their thoughts are thoughts of iniquity; devastation and destruction are in their paths.
• Jer 7:6-7 : 6 If you do not oppress the foreigner, the fatherless, and the widow, and do not shed innocent blood in this place, nor walk after other gods to your harm; 7 Then I will cause you to dwell in this place, in the land that I gave to your fathers, forever and ever.
• Jer 22:3 : 3 Thus says the LORD; Execute judgment and righteousness, and deliver the plundered out of the hand of the oppressor: and do no wrong, do no violence to the stranger, the fatherless, nor the widow, neither shed innocent blood in this place.
• Jer 22:16-17 : 16 He judged the cause of the poor and needy; then it was well with him: was not this to know me? says the LORD. 17 But your eyes and your heart are set only on your covetousness, and on shedding innocent blood, and on oppression, and on violence, to do it.
• Ezek 7:23 : 23 Make a chain, for the land is full of bloody crimes and the city is full of violence.
• Amos 2:6 : 6 Thus says the LORD: For three transgressions of Israel, and for four, I will not turn away its punishment; because they sold the righteous for silver, and the poor for a pair of shoes: