Verse 2

{ "verseID": "Acts.3.2", "source": "Καί τις ἀνὴρ χωλὸς ἐκ κοιλίας μητρὸς αὐτοῦ ὑπάρχων ἐβαστάζετο, ὃν ἐτίθουν καθʼ ἡμέραν πρὸς τὴν θύραν τοῦ ἱεροῦ τὴν λεγομένην Ὡραίαν, τοῦ αἰτεῖν ἐλεημοσύνην παρὰ τῶν εἰσπορευομένων εἰς τὸ ἱερόν·", "text": "And a certain *anēr* *chōlos* from *koilias* *mētros* of him *hyparchōn* was *ebastazeto*, whom they *etithoun* according to *hēmeran* toward the *thyran* of the *hierou* the being called *Hōraian*, of the *aitein* *eleēmosynēn* from the ones *eisporeuomenōn* into the *hieron*;", "grammar": { "*anēr*": "nominative masculine singular - man", "*chōlos*": "nominative masculine singular - lame", "*koilias*": "genitive feminine singular - womb", "*mētros*": "genitive feminine singular - mother", "*hyparchōn*": "present active participle, nominative masculine singular - being/existing", "*ebastazeto*": "imperfect passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was being carried", "*etithoun*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person plural - they were placing/setting", "*hēmeran*": "accusative feminine singular - day", "*thyran*": "accusative feminine singular - door/gate", "*hierou*": "genitive neuter singular - temple", "*Hōraian*": "accusative feminine singular - Beautiful", "*aitein*": "present active infinitive - to ask/request", "*eleēmosynēn*": "accusative feminine singular - alms/charity", "*eisporeuomenōn*": "present middle participle, genitive plural - those entering" }, "variants": { "*hyparchōn*": "being/existing as/belonging", "*ebastazeto*": "was being carried/was carried regularly", "*Hōraian*": "Beautiful/Lovely", "*aitein*": "to ask for/to beg", "*eleēmosynēn*": "alms/charity/mercy gift" } }

Other Translations

• Bibeloversettelse fra KJV1611 og Textus Receptus

  Og en viss mann, lam fra sin mors liv, ble båret dit, og de la ham daglig ved tempelets port som kalles Vakker, for å be om almisse fra dem som gikk inn i templet.

• NT, oversatt fra gresk

  Og en mann som hadde vært lam fra fødselen av, ble båret dit. Hver dag ble han plassert ved den vakre porten til tempelet, for å be om gaver fra dem som gikk inn i tempelet.

• Norsk King James

  Og en viss mann, som var lam fra fødselen av, ble båret dit, og de la ham daglig ved den vakre porten til tempelet for å be om penger fra dem som gikk inn.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  En mann som var lam fra fødselen ble båret frem; hver dag satte man ham ved tempeldøren som kalles Den vakre, for å be om almisser fra dem som gikk inn i tempelet.

• KJV/Textus Receptus til norsk

  Og en mann som hadde vært lam fra sin mors liv av, ble båret dit; ham satte de hver dag ved tempelporten som kalles Fager, for å be om almisse av dem som gikk inn i templet.

• Den norske oversettelsen av Det Nye Testamente

  Der var også en mann som hadde vært lam fra mors liv av. Han ble båret dit hver dag og satt ved tempelporten, som ble kalt Den vakre, for å be om almisser fra dem som gikk inn i tempelet.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  En mann som hadde vært lam fra fødselen, ble båret dit. Hver dag ble han lagt ved tempelporten som kalles Den vakre, for å be om barmhjertighet fra dem som gikk inn i tempelet.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Og en viss mann, som var lam siden fødselen, ble båret med og lagt daglig ved tempelets port, som kalles Den vakre, for å be om almisser fra dem som gikk inn i tempelet.

• gpt4.5-preview

  Da var det en mann som hadde vært lam fra mors liv; han ble båret dit og ble hver dag lagt ved den tempelporten som kalles Den fagre, for å be dem som gikk inn i tempelet om almisser.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Da var det en mann som hadde vært lam fra mors liv; han ble båret dit og ble hver dag lagt ved den tempelporten som kalles Den fagre, for å be dem som gikk inn i tempelet om almisser.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Og en mann som var halvt lam fra mors liv ble båret, som de satte hver dag ved templets port kalt vakker, for å be om almisser fra dem som gikk inn i templet.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  And a man who had been lame from birth was being carried there. Every day they would set him at the temple gate called Beautiful so that he could ask for alms from those entering the temple.

• NT, oversatt fra gresk Aug2024

  Og en mann som hadde vært lam fra sin mors liv ble båret dit hver dag, og ble satt ved den vakre porten til tempelet for å be om almisser fra dem som gikk inn i tempelet.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Og en Mand, som var halt fra Moders Liv af, blev baaren frem; ham satte de dagligen ved den Tempeldør, som kaldtes den skjønne, at bede om Almisse af dem, som gik ind i Templet.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And a certain man lame from his mother's womb was carried, whom they laid daily at the gate of the temple which is called Beautiful, to ask alms of them that entered into the temple;

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Og en mann som hadde vært lam fra fødselen, ble båret dit. Hver dag la de ham ved porten til tempelet, som kalles Den vakre, for å be om almisse fra dem som gikk inn i tempelet.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  And a certain man, lame from his mother's womb, was carried, whom they laid daily at the gate of the temple which is called Beautiful, to ask alms of those who entered the temple;

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And a certain man lame from his mother's womb was carried, whom they laid daily at the gate of the temple which is called Beautiful, to ask alms of them that entered into the temple;

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  En mann som var lam fra fødselen av ble båret dit, som de daglig la ved tempeldøren kalt Den vakre, for å be om almisse fra dem som gikk inn i tempelet.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  En mann som var lam fra fødselen av, ble båret dit. Hver dag la de ham ved tempelporten som kalles Den vakre, for at han skulle be om hjelp fra dem som gikk inn i tempelet.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  En mann som hadde vært lam fra fødselen, ble båret dit. Hver dag ble han lagt ved tempeldøren som kalles Fager, for å be om penger fra dem som gikk inn i tempelet.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  En mann som fra fødselen av ikke kunne gå, ble hver dag båret dit og satt ved tempeldøren som kalles Vakker, for å be om penger fra de som gikk inn i tempelet.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  And ther was a certayne man halt from his mothers wobe who they brought and layde at the gate of the temple called beutifull to axe almes of them that entred into the temple.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And there was a certayne man halt from his mothers wombe, whom they brought and layed daylie at the gate of the teple, which is called, the Bewtyfull, that he might axe almesse of them that wete in to the temple.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And a certaine ma which was a creeple fro his mothers wombe, was caried, whom they layde dayly at the gate of the Temple called Beautifull, to aske almes of them that entred into ye Temple.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And a certayne man, that was lame from his mothers wombe, was brought, whom they layde dayly at the gate of the temple which is called beawtifull, to aske almes of them that entred into the temple.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And a certain man lame from his mother's womb was carried, whom they laid daily at the gate of the temple which is called Beautiful, to ask alms of them that entered into the temple;

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  A certain man who was lame from his mother's womb was being carried, whom they laid daily at the door of the temple which is called Beautiful, to ask gifts for the needy of those who entered into the temple.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and a certain man, being lame from the womb of his mother, was being carried, whom they were laying every day at the gate of the temple, called Beautiful, to ask a kindness from those entering into the temple,

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And a certain man that was lame from his mother's womb was carried, whom they laid daily at the door of the temple which is called Beautiful, to ask alms of them that entered into the temple;

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And a certain man who from birth had had no power in his legs, was taken there every day, and put down at the door of the Temple which is named Beautiful, requesting money from those who went into the Temple;

• World English Bible (2000)

  A certain man who was lame from his mother's womb was being carried, whom they laid daily at the door of the temple which is called Beautiful, to ask gifts for the needy of those who entered into the temple.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  And a man lame from birth was being carried up, who was placed at the temple gate called“the Beautiful Gate” every day so he could beg for money from those going into the temple courts.

Referenced Verses

• John 9:8 : 8 { "verseID": "John.9.8", "source": "¶Οἱ οὖν γείτονες, καὶ οἱ θεωροῦντες αὐτὸν τὸ πρότερον ὅτι τυφλὸς ἦν, ἔλεγον, Οὐχ οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ καθήμενος καὶ προσαιτῶν;", "text": "¶The therefore *geitones*, and those *theōrountes* him *to proteron* that *typhlos ēn*, *elegon*, Not this-one *estin* the one *kathēmenos* and *prosaitōn*?", "grammar": { "*geitones*": "nominative masculine plural - neighbors", "*theōrountes*": "present active participle, nominative masculine plural - seeing/observing", "*to proteron*": "adverbial accusative neuter singular - formerly/previously", "*typhlos*": "nominative masculine singular - blind", "*ēn*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular - was", "*elegon*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural - were saying", "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - is", "*kathēmenos*": "present middle/passive participle, nominative masculine singular - sitting", "*prosaitōn*": "present active participle, nominative masculine singular - begging" }, "variants": { "*geitones*": "neighbors/those nearby", "*theōrountes*": "seeing/observing/watching", "*to proteron*": "formerly/previously/before", "*typhlos*": "blind person", "*elegon*": "were saying/kept saying", "*kathēmenos*": "sitting/seated", "*prosaitōn*": "begging/asking for alms" } }
• Luke 16:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Luke.16.20", "source": "Πτωχὸς δέ τις ἦν ὀνόματι Λάζαρος, ὃς ἐβέβλητο πρὸς τὸν πυλῶνα αὐτοῦ, ἡλκωμένος,", "text": "*Ptōchos de* certain *ēn onomati Lazaros*, who *ebeblēto pros ton pylōna* of him, *hēlkōmenos*,", "grammar": { "*Ptōchos*": "nominative singular masculine - poor man/beggar", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now", "*ēn*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular - was", "*onomati*": "dative singular neuter - by name", "*Lazaros*": "nominative singular masculine - Lazarus", "*ebeblēto*": "pluperfect passive indicative, 3rd singular - had been laid/thrown", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - at/before", "*ton pylōna*": "accusative singular masculine - the gate/entrance", "*hēlkōmenos*": "perfect passive participle, nominative singular masculine - having been covered with sores" }, "variants": { "*Ptōchos*": "poor man/beggar/destitute person", "*onomati*": "by name/named", "*ebeblēto*": "had been laid/had been placed/had been thrown", "*pylōna*": "gate/entrance/doorway", "*hēlkōmenos*": "having been covered with sores/ulcerated" } }
• Acts 14:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Acts.14.8", "source": "¶Καί τις ἀνὴρ ἐν Λύστροις, ἀδύνατος τοῖς ποσὶν ἐκάθητο, χωλὸς ἐκ κοιλίας μητρὸς αὐτοῦ ὑπάρχων, ὃς οὐδέποτε περιπεπατήκει:", "text": "And a certain *anēr* in *Lystrois*, *adynatos* in the *posin* *ekathēto*, *chōlos* from *koilias* *mētros* of him *hyparchōn*, who *oudepote* *peripepateikei*:", "grammar": { "*anēr*": "nominative masculine singular - man", "*Lystrois*": "dative neuter plural - in Lystra", "*adynatos*": "nominative masculine singular - powerless/disabled", "*posin*": "dative masculine plural - feet", "*ekathēto*": "imperfect middle indicative, 3rd person singular - was sitting", "*chōlos*": "nominative masculine singular - lame/crippled", "*koilias*": "genitive feminine singular - womb/belly", "*mētros*": "genitive feminine singular - mother", "*hyparchōn*": "present active participle, nominative masculine singular - being/existing", "*oudepote*": "adverb - never", "*peripepateikei*": "pluperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - had walked" }, "variants": { "*adynatos tois posin*": "powerless in his feet/disabled in his feet/unable to use his feet", "*chōlos ek koilias mētros*": "lame from mother's womb/crippled from birth", "*hyparchōn*": "being/existing/was (with emphasis on state of being)" } }
• Luke 18:35 : 35 { "verseID": "Luke.18.35", "source": "¶Ἐγένετο δὲ, ἐν τῷ ἐγγίζειν αὐτὸν εἰς Ἰεριχώ, τυφλός τις ἐκάθητο παρὰ τὴν ὁδὸν προσαιτῶν:", "text": "*Egeneto* *de*, in the *engizein* him unto *Ierichō*, *typhlos* certain *ekathēto* beside the *hodon* *prosaitōn*:", "grammar": { "*Egeneto*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person singular - it happened", "*de*": "conjunction, adversative/transitional - but/and", "*engizein*": "present active infinitive - to draw near", "*Ierichō*": "accusative feminine singular - Jericho", "*typhlos*": "nominative masculine singular - blind man", "*ekathēto*": "imperfect middle/passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was sitting", "*hodon*": "accusative feminine singular - road/way", "*prosaitōn*": "present active participle, nominative masculine singular - begging" }, "variants": { "*Egeneto*": "it happened/came to pass/occurred", "*engizein*": "to draw near/approach/come close", "*Ierichō*": "Jericho [place name]", "*typhlos*": "blind man/blind person", "*ekathēto*": "was sitting/seated", "*hodon*": "road/way/path", "*prosaitōn*": "begging/asking for alms" } }
• Acts 4:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Acts.4.22", "source": "Ἐτῶν γὰρ ἦν πλειόνων τεσσαράκοντα ὁ ἄνθρωπος, ἐφʼ ὃν ἐγεγόνει τὸ σημεῖον τοῦτο τῆς ἰάσεως.", "text": "Of *etōn* *gar* was *pleionōn* forty the *anthrōpos*, upon whom *egegonei* the *sēmeion* this of the *iaseōs*.", "grammar": { "*etōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - years", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for/because", "*pleionōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural, comparative - more", "*anthrōpos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - man", "*egegonei*": "pluperfect active indicative, 3rd singular - had happened", "*sēmeion*": "nominative, neuter, singular - sign/miracle", "*iaseōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - healing" }, "variants": { "*pleionōn*": "more than/over/above", "*egegonei*": "had happened/occurred/been done", "*sēmeion*": "sign/miracle/wonder", "*iaseōs*": "healing/cure" } }
• Acts 10:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Acts.10.4", "source": "Ὁ δὲ ἀτενίσας αὐτῷ, καὶ ἔμφοβος γενόμενος, εἶπεν, Τί ἐστιν, Κύριε; Εἶπεν δὲ αὐτῷ, Αἱ προσευχαί σου καὶ αἱ ἐλεημοσύναι σου ἀνέβησαν εἰς μνημόσυνον ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ.", "text": "And he *atenisas* at him, and *emphobos* *genomenos*, *eipen*, What *estin*, *Kurie*? *Eipen* *de* to him, The *proseuchai* of you and the *eleēmosunai* of you *anebēsan* for *mnēmosunon* *enōpion* of the *Theou*.", "grammar": { "*atenisas*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having gazed intently", "*emphobos*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, singular - afraid/terrified", "*genomenos*": "aorist middle participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having become", "*eipen*": "aorist active, 3rd singular - said", "*estin*": "present active, 3rd singular - is", "*Kurie*": "vocative, masculine, singular - Lord/Sir", "*de*": "postpositive particle - and/but", "*proseuchai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - prayers", "*eleēmosunai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - alms/charitable deeds", "*anebēsan*": "aorist active, 3rd plural - went up/ascended", "*mnēmosunon*": "accusative, neuter, singular - memorial/remembrance", "*enōpion*": "preposition + genitive - before/in the presence of", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God" }, "variants": { "*atenisas*": "gazing intently/fixing eyes upon/staring at", "*emphobos*": "afraid/terrified/filled with fear", "*Kurie*": "Lord/Sir/Master", "*proseuchai*": "prayers/petitions", "*eleēmosunai*": "alms/charitable gifts/acts of mercy", "*mnēmosunon*": "memorial/remembrance/reminder", "*enōpion*": "before/in the presence of/in the sight of" } }
• Acts 10:31 : 31 { "verseID": "Acts.10.31", "source": "Καὶ φησιν, Κορνήλιε, εἰσηκούσθη σου ἡ προσευχή, καὶ αἱ ἐλεημοσύναι σου ἐμνήσθησαν ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ.", "text": "And he *phēsin*, *Kornēlie*, *eisēkousthē* of you the *proseuchē*, and the *eleēmosynai* of you *emnēsthēsan* *enōpion* of the *Theou*.", "grammar": { "*phēsin*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - he says", "*Kornēlie*": "vocative, masculine, singular - Cornelius (name)", "*eisēkousthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular - was heard/listened to", "*proseuchē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - prayer", "*eleēmosynai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - alms/acts of charity", "*emnēsthēsan*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural - were remembered/brought to remembrance", "*enōpion*": "preposition with genitive - before/in front of", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God" }, "variants": { "*eisēkousthē*": "was heard/listened to/was heeded", "*eleēmosynai*": "alms/charitable gifts/acts of mercy", "*emnēsthēsan*": "were remembered/brought to remembrance/taken note of" } }
• John 1:9-9 : 9 { "verseID": "John.1.9", "source": "Ἦν τὸ Φῶς τὸ ἀληθινόν, ὃ φωτίζει πάντα ἄνθρωπον ἐρχόμενον εἰς τὸν κόσμον.", "text": "*Ēn* the *Phōs* the *alēthinon*, which *phōtizei panta anthrōpon erchomenon* into the *kosmon*.", "grammar": { "*Ēn*": "imperfect active indicative 3rd person singular of *eimi* - was", "*Phōs*": "nominative neuter singular - Light", "*alēthinon*": "nominative neuter singular - true/genuine/real", "*phōtizei*": "present active indicative 3rd person singular of *phōtizō* - gives light to/illuminates", "*panta*": "accusative masculine singular - every", "*anthrōpon*": "accusative masculine singular - man/human", "*erchomenon*": "present middle/passive participle, accusative masculine singular or nominative neuter singular of *erchomai* - coming", "*kosmon*": "accusative masculine singular - world" }, "variants": { "*alēthinon*": "true/genuine/real/authentic", "*phōtizei*": "illuminates/enlightens/gives light to", "*erchomenon*": "coming (can modify either light or man, grammatically ambiguous)", "*kosmon*": "world/universe/ordered system" } } 10 { "verseID": "John.1.10", "source": "Ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ ἦν, καὶ ὁ κόσμος διʼ αὐτοῦ ἐγένετο, καὶ ὁ κόσμος αὐτὸν οὐκ ἔγνω.", "text": "In the *kosmō* *ēn*, and the *kosmos* through *autou egeneto*, and the *kosmos auton* not *egnō*.", "grammar": { "*kosmō*": "dative masculine singular - in the world", "*ēn*": "imperfect active indicative 3rd person singular of *eimi* - was", "*kosmos*": "nominative masculine singular - world", "*autou*": "genitive masculine singular pronoun - through him", "*egeneto*": "aorist middle indicative 3rd person singular of *ginomai* - came into being/was made", "*auton*": "accusative masculine singular pronoun - him", "*egnō*": "aorist active indicative 3rd person singular of *ginōskō* - knew/recognized" }, "variants": { "*kosmos*": "world/universe/ordered system/inhabitants of earth", "*egeneto*": "came into being/was made/was created", "*egnō*": "knew/recognized/acknowledged/understood" } } 11 { "verseID": "John.1.11", "source": "Εἰς τὰ ἴδια ἦλθεν, καὶ οἱ ἴδιοι αὐτὸν οὐ παρέλαβον.", "text": "To the *idia ēlthen*, and the *idioi auton* not *parelabon*.", "grammar": { "*idia*": "accusative neuter plural of *idios* - his own things/possessions/domain", "*ēlthen*": "aorist active indicative 3rd person singular of *erchomai* - came/went", "*idioi*": "nominative masculine plural of *idios* - his own people", "*auton*": "accusative masculine singular pronoun - him", "*parelabon*": "aorist active indicative 3rd person plural of *paralambanō* - received/accepted/welcomed" }, "variants": { "*idia*": "his own things/possessions/domain/home", "*idioi*": "his own people/family/associates", "*parelabon*": "received/accepted/welcomed/took to themselves" } } 12 { "verseID": "John.1.12", "source": "Ὅσοι δὲ ἔλαβον αὐτόν, ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς ἐξουσίαν τέκνα Θεοῦ γενέσθαι, τοῖς πιστεύουσιν εἰς τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ:", "text": "*Hosoi de elabon auton*, he *edōken autois exousian tekna Theou genesthai*, to the ones *pisteuousin* into the *onoma autou*:", "grammar": { "*Hosoi*": "relative pronoun, nominative masculine plural - as many as/whoever", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now", "*elabon*": "aorist active indicative 3rd person plural of *lambanō* - received/took", "*auton*": "accusative masculine singular pronoun - him", "*edōken*": "aorist active indicative 3rd person singular of *didōmi* - gave", "*autois*": "dative masculine plural pronoun - to them", "*exousian*": "accusative feminine singular - authority/right/power", "*tekna*": "accusative neuter plural - children", "*Theou*": "genitive masculine singular - of God", "*genesthai*": "aorist middle infinitive of *ginomai* - to become", "*pisteuousin*": "present active participle, dative masculine plural of *pisteuō* - believing/those who believe", "*onoma*": "accusative neuter singular - name", "*autou*": "genitive masculine singular pronoun - of him/his" }, "variants": { "*Hosoi*": "as many as/whoever/all who", "*exousian*": "authority/right/power/privilege", "*tekna*": "children/offspring/descendants", "*genesthai*": "to become/be born/come into existence", "*pisteuousin*": "believing/trusting/having faith", "*onoma*": "name/reputation/character/authority" } } 13 { "verseID": "John.1.13", "source": "Οἳ οὐκ ἐξ αἱμάτων, οὐδὲ ἐκ θελήματος σαρκός, οὐδὲ ἐκ θελήματος ἀνδρός, ἀλλʼ ἐκ Θεοῦ ἐγεννήθησαν.", "text": "Who not from *haimatōn*, nor from *thelēmatos sarkos*, nor from *thelēmatos andros*, but from *Theou egennēthēsan*.", "grammar": { "*haimatōn*": "genitive neuter plural of *haima* - of bloods", "*thelēmatos*": "genitive neuter singular of *thelēma* - of will/desire", "*sarkos*": "genitive feminine singular of *sarx* - of flesh", "*andros*": "genitive masculine singular of *anēr* - of man/husband", "*Theou*": "genitive masculine singular - of God", "*egennēthēsan*": "aorist passive indicative 3rd person plural of *gennaō* - were born/begotten" }, "variants": { "*haimatōn*": "bloods/bloodlines/physical descent", "*thelēmatos*": "will/desire/wish/purpose", "*sarkos*": "flesh/human nature/physical body/carnality", "*andros*": "man/husband/male (as distinct from woman)", "*egennēthēsan*": "were born/were begotten/were brought into being" } } 14 { "verseID": "John.1.14", "source": "Καὶ ὁ Λόγος σὰρξ ἐγένετο, καὶ ἐσκήνωσεν ἐν ἡμῖν, (καὶ ἐθεασάμεθα τὴν δόξαν αὐτοῦ, δόξαν ὡς μονογενοῦς παρὰ Πατρός,) πλήρης χάριτος καὶ ἀληθείας.", "text": "And the *Logos sarx egeneto*, and *eskēnōsen* among *hēmin*, (and *etheasametha* the *doxan autou*, *doxan* as *monogenous* from *Patros*,) *plērēs charitos* and *alētheias*.", "grammar": { "*Logos*": "nominative masculine singular - Word", "*sarx*": "nominative feminine singular - flesh", "*egeneto*": "aorist middle indicative 3rd person singular of *ginomai* - became", "*eskēnōsen*": "aorist active indicative 3rd person singular of *skēnoō* - dwelt/tabernacled", "*hēmin*": "dative 1st person plural pronoun - among us", "*etheasametha*": "aorist middle indicative 1st person plural of *theaomai* - we beheld/saw", "*doxan*": "accusative feminine singular - glory", "*autou*": "genitive masculine singular pronoun - of him/his", "*monogenous*": "genitive masculine singular - only-begotten/unique", "*Patros*": "genitive masculine singular - of Father", "*plērēs*": "nominative feminine singular or accusative feminine plural - full", "*charitos*": "genitive feminine singular - of grace", "*alētheias*": "genitive feminine singular - of truth" }, "variants": { "*sarx*": "flesh/human nature/physical body", "*egeneto*": "became/was made/came to be", "*eskēnōsen*": "dwelt/tabernacled/pitched tent (allusion to tabernacle in OT)", "*etheasametha*": "we beheld/gazed upon/observed", "*doxan*": "glory/splendor/majesty", "*monogenous*": "only-begotten/unique/one-of-a-kind", "*plērēs*": "full/filled/complete", "*charitos*": "grace/favor/goodwill", "*alētheias*": "truth/reality/genuineness" } } 15 { "verseID": "John.1.15", "source": "¶Ἰωάννης μαρτυρεῖ περὶ αὐτοῦ, καὶ κέκραγεν, λέγων, Οὗτος ἦν ὃν εἶπον, Ὁ ὀπίσω μου ἐρχόμενος ἔμπροσθέν μου γέγονεν: ὅτι πρῶτός μου ἦν.", "text": "*Iōannēs martyrei* concerning *autou*, and *kekragen*, *legōn*, *Houtos ēn* whom I *eipon*, The one *opisō mou erchomenos emprosthen mou gegonen*: because *prōtos mou ēn*.", "grammar": { "*Iōannēs*": "nominative masculine singular - John", "*martyrei*": "present active indicative 3rd person singular of *martyreō* - testifies/bears witness", "*autou*": "genitive masculine singular pronoun - of him/about him", "*kekragen*": "perfect active indicative 3rd person singular of *krazō* - has cried out", "*legōn*": "present active participle, nominative masculine singular of *legō* - saying", "*Houtos*": "demonstrative pronoun, nominative masculine singular - this one/he", "*ēn*": "imperfect active indicative 3rd person singular of *eimi* - was", "*eipon*": "aorist active indicative 1st person singular of *legō* - I said", "*opisō*": "preposition with genitive - after/behind", "*mou*": "genitive 1st person singular pronoun - of me/my", "*erchomenos*": "present middle/passive participle, nominative masculine singular of *erchomai* - coming", "*emprosthen*": "preposition with genitive - before/ahead of", "*gegonen*": "perfect active indicative 3rd person singular of *ginomai* - has become", "*prōtos*": "nominative masculine singular - first/chief", "*ēn*": "imperfect active indicative 3rd person singular of *eimi* - was" }, "variants": { "*martyrei*": "testifies/bears witness/gives evidence", "*kekragen*": "has cried out/proclaimed/called out (intensive perfect)", "*opisō*": "after/behind/following", "*erchomenos*": "coming/following", "*emprosthen*": "before/ahead of/in front of", "*gegonen*": "has become/has come to be/has taken precedence", "*prōtos*": "first/before/chief/foremost" } } 16 { "verseID": "John.1.16", "source": "Καὶ ἐκ τοῦ πληρώματος αὐτοῦ ἡμεῖς πάντες ἐλάβομεν, καὶ χάριν ἀντὶ χάριτος.", "text": "And from the *plērōmatos autou hēmeis pantes elabomen*, and *charin anti charitos*.", "grammar": { "*plērōmatos*": "genitive neuter singular of *plērōma* - of fullness", "*autou*": "genitive masculine singular pronoun - of him/his", "*hēmeis*": "nominative 1st person plural pronoun - we", "*pantes*": "nominative masculine plural - all", "*elabomen*": "aorist active indicative 1st person plural of *lambanō* - we received", "*charin*": "accusative feminine singular - grace", "*anti*": "preposition with genitive - instead of/in place of", "*charitos*": "genitive feminine singular - of grace" }, "variants": { "*plērōmatos*": "fullness/completeness/abundance", "*elabomen*": "we received/took/obtained", "*charin anti charitos*": "grace upon grace/grace for grace/grace in place of grace" } } 17 { "verseID": "John.1.17", "source": "Ὅτι ὁ νόμος διὰ Μωσέως ἐδόθη, ἡ χάρις καὶ ἡ ἀλήθεια διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ ἐγένετο.", "text": "Because the *nomos* through *Mōseōs edothē*, the *charis* and the *alētheia* through *Iēsou Christou egeneto*.", "grammar": { "*nomos*": "nominative masculine singular - law", "*Mōseōs*": "genitive masculine singular - of Moses", "*edothē*": "aorist passive indicative 3rd person singular of *didōmi* - was given", "*charis*": "nominative feminine singular - grace", "*alētheia*": "nominative feminine singular - truth", "*Iēsou*": "genitive masculine singular - of Jesus", "*Christou*": "genitive masculine singular - of Christ/Messiah", "*egeneto*": "aorist middle indicative 3rd person singular of *ginomai* - came/became" }, "variants": { "*nomos*": "law/principle/regulation", "*edothē*": "was given/was granted", "*charis*": "grace/favor/goodwill", "*alētheia*": "truth/reality/genuineness", "*egeneto*": "came/came into being/was realized" } } 18 { "verseID": "John.1.18", "source": "Θεὸν Οὐδεὶς ἑώρακεν πώποτε· ὁ μονογενὴς Υἱός, ὁ ὢν εἰς τὸν κόλπον τοῦ Πατρός, ἐκεῖνος ἐξηγήσατο.", "text": "*Theon Oudeis heōraken pōpote*; the *monogenēs Huios*, the one *ōn* in the *kolpon* of the *Patros*, *ekeinos exēgēsato*.", "grammar": { "*Theon*": "accusative masculine singular - God", "*Oudeis*": "nominative masculine singular - no one", "*heōraken*": "perfect active indicative 3rd person singular of *horaō* - has seen", "*pōpote*": "adverb - at any time/ever", "*monogenēs*": "nominative masculine singular - only-begotten/unique", "*Huios*": "nominative masculine singular - Son", "*ōn*": "present active participle, nominative masculine singular of *eimi* - being/who is", "*kolpon*": "accusative masculine singular - bosom/heart", "*Patros*": "genitive masculine singular - of Father", "*ekeinos*": "demonstrative pronoun, nominative masculine singular - that one/he", "*exēgēsato*": "aorist middle indicative 3rd person singular of *exēgeomai* - explained/declared/revealed" }, "variants": { "*heōraken*": "has seen/perceived/experienced", "*monogenēs*": "only-begotten/unique/one-of-a-kind", "*kolpon*": "bosom/chest/heart/intimate position", "*exēgēsato*": "explained/declared/revealed/made known" } } 19 { "verseID": "John.1.19", "source": "¶Καὶ αὕτη ἐστὶν ἡ μαρτυρία τοῦ Ἰωάννου, ὅτε ἀπέστειλαν οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι ἐξ Ἱεροσολύμων ἱερεῖς καὶ Λευΐτας ἵνα ἐρωτήσωσιν αὐτόν, Σὺ Τίς εἶ;", "text": "And this *estin* the *martyria* of *Iōannou*, when *apesteilan* the *Ioudaioi* from *Hierosolymōn hiereis* and *Leuitas* that they might *erōtēsōsin auton*, You, who *ei*?", "grammar": { "*estin*": "present active indicative 3rd person singular of *eimi* - is", "*martyria*": "nominative feminine singular - testimony/witness", "*Iōannou*": "genitive masculine singular - of John", "*apesteilan*": "aorist active indicative 3rd person plural of *apostellō* - they sent", "*Ioudaioi*": "nominative masculine plural - Jews", "*Hierosolymōn*": "genitive neuter plural - of Jerusalem", "*hiereis*": "accusative masculine plural - priests", "*Leuitas*": "accusative masculine plural - Levites", "*erōtēsōsin*": "aorist active subjunctive 3rd person plural of *erōtaō* - might ask/question", "*auton*": "accusative masculine singular pronoun - him", "*ei*": "present active indicative 2nd person singular of *eimi* - are" }, "variants": { "*martyria*": "testimony/witness/evidence", "*Ioudaioi*": "Jews/Judeans/Jewish leaders", "*hiereis*": "priests/temple officials", "*erōtēsōsin*": "might ask/question/inquire" } } 20 { "verseID": "John.1.20", "source": "Καὶ ὡμολόγησεν, καὶ οὐκ ἠρνήσατο· καὶ ὡμολόγησεν, ὅτι Οὐκ εἰμὶ ἐγὼ ὁ Χριστός.", "text": "And he *hōmologēsen*, and not *ērnēsato*; and he *hōmologēsen*, that Not *eimi egō* the *Christos*.", "grammar": { "*hōmologēsen*": "aorist active indicative 3rd person singular of *homologeō* - confessed/acknowledged", "*ērnēsato*": "aorist middle indicative 3rd person singular of *arneomai* - denied", "*eimi*": "present active indicative 1st person singular of *eimi* - am", "*egō*": "nominative 1st person singular pronoun - I (emphatic)", "*Christos*": "nominative masculine singular - Christ/Messiah/Anointed One" }, "variants": { "*hōmologēsen*": "confessed/acknowledged/admitted openly", "*ērnēsato*": "denied/refused/disclaimed", "*Christos*": "Christ/Messiah/Anointed One" } } 21 { "verseID": "John.1.21", "source": "Καὶ ἠρώτησαν αὐτόν, Τί οὖν; Ἠλίας εἶ σύ; Καὶ λέγει, Οὐκ εἰμί. Ὁ προφήτης εἶ σύ; Καὶ ἀπεκρίθη, Οὔ.", "text": "And they *ērōtēsan auton*, What then? *Ēlias ei sy*? And he *legei*, Not *eimi*. The *prophētēs ei sy*? And he *apekrithē*, No.", "grammar": { "*ērōtēsan*": "aorist active indicative 3rd person plural of *erōtaō* - asked/questioned", "*auton*": "accusative masculine singular pronoun - him", "*Ēlias*": "nominative masculine singular - Elijah", "*ei*": "present active indicative 2nd person singular of *eimi* - are", "*sy*": "nominative 2nd person singular pronoun - you", "*legei*": "present active indicative 3rd person singular of *legō* - says", "*eimi*": "present active indicative 1st person singular of *eimi* - am", "*prophētēs*": "nominative masculine singular - prophet", "*apekrithē*": "aorist passive indicative 3rd person singular of *apokrinomai* - answered" }, "variants": { "*ērōtēsan*": "asked/questioned/inquired", "*Ēlias*": "Elijah (expected to return before Messiah)", "*prophētēs*": "prophet (likely referring to prophet like Moses from Deut 18:15)", "*apekrithē*": "answered/replied/responded" } } 22 { "verseID": "John.1.22", "source": "Εἶπον οὖν αὐτῷ, Τίς εἶ; ἵνα ἀπόκρισιν δῶμεν τοῖς πέμψασιν ἡμᾶς. Τί λέγεις περὶ σεαυτοῦ;", "text": "They *eipon* therefore *autō*, Who *ei*? that *apokrisin dōmen* to the ones *pempsasin hēmas*. What *legeis* concerning *seautou*?", "grammar": { "*eipon*": "aorist active indicative 3rd person plural of *legō* - said", "*autō*": "dative masculine singular pronoun - to him", "*ei*": "present active indicative 2nd person singular of *eimi* - are", "*apokrisin*": "accusative feminine singular - answer", "*dōmen*": "aorist active subjunctive 1st person plural of *didōmi* - we might give", "*pempsasin*": "aorist active participle, dative masculine plural of *pempō* - having sent/those who sent", "*hēmas*": "accusative 1st person plural pronoun - us", "*legeis*": "present active indicative 2nd person singular of *legō* - you say", "*seautou*": "genitive masculine singular reflexive pronoun - of yourself" }, "variants": { "*apokrisin*": "answer/reply/response", "*dōmen*": "we might give/provide", "*pempsasin*": "those who sent/the senders" } } 23 { "verseID": "John.1.23", "source": "Ἔφη, Ἐγὼ φωνὴ βοῶντος ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ, Εὐθύνατε τὴν ὁδὸν Κυρίου, καθὼς εἶπεν Ἠσαΐας ὁ προφήτης.", "text": "He *ephē*, *Egō phōnē boōntos* in the *erēmō*, *Euthynate* the *hodon Kyriou*, just as *eipen Ēsaias* the *prophētēs*.", "grammar": { "*ephē*": "imperfect active indicative 3rd person singular of *phēmi* - he said/was saying", "*Egō*": "nominative 1st person singular pronoun - I", "*phōnē*": "nominative feminine singular - voice", "*boōntos*": "present active participle, genitive masculine singular of *boaō* - of one crying", "*erēmō*": "dative feminine singular - wilderness/desert", "*Euthynate*": "aorist active imperative 2nd person plural of *euthynō* - make straight", "*hodon*": "accusative feminine singular - way/path/road", "*Kyriou*": "genitive masculine singular - of Lord", "*eipen*": "aorist active indicative 3rd person singular of *legō* - said", "*Ēsaias*": "nominative masculine singular - Isaiah", "*prophētēs*": "nominative masculine singular - prophet" }, "variants": { "*phōnē*": "voice/sound", "*boōntos*": "of one crying/calling out/shouting", "*erēmō*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited region", "*Euthynate*": "make straight/prepare/level", "*hodon*": "way/path/road/journey", "*Kyriou*": "of Lord/of Yahweh (quoting Isaiah 40:3)" } } 24 { "verseID": "John.1.24", "source": "Καὶ οἱ ἀπεσταλμένοι ἦσαν ἐκ τῶν Φαρισαίων.", "text": "And the *apestalmenoi ēsan* from the *Pharisaiōn*.", "grammar": { "*apestalmenoi*": "perfect passive participle, nominative masculine plural of *apostellō* - having been sent", "*ēsan*": "imperfect active indicative 3rd person plural of *eimi* - were", "*Pharisaiōn*": "genitive masculine plural - of Pharisees" }, "variants": { "*apestalmenoi*": "those sent/envoys/messengers", "*Pharisaiōn*": "Pharisees (Jewish religious group)" } } 25 { "verseID": "John.1.25", "source": "Καὶ ἠρώτησαν αὐτόν, καὶ εἶπον αὐτῷ, Τί οὖν βαπτίζεις, εἰ σὺ οὐκ εἶ ὁ Χριστός, οὔτε Ἠλίας, οὔτε ὁ προφήτης;", "text": "And they *ērōtēsan auton*, and *eipon autō*, Why then *baptizeis*, if *sy* not *ei* the *Christos*, nor *Ēlias*, nor the *prophētēs*?", "grammar": { "*ērōtēsan*": "aorist active indicative 3rd person plural of *erōtaō* - asked/questioned", "*auton*": "accusative masculine singular pronoun - him", "*eipon*": "aorist active indicative 3rd person plural of *legō* - said", "*autō*": "dative masculine singular pronoun - to him", "*baptizeis*": "present active indicative 2nd person singular of *baptizō* - you baptize", "*sy*": "nominative 2nd person singular pronoun - you", "*ei*": "present active indicative 2nd person singular of *eimi* - are", "*Christos*": "nominative masculine singular - Christ/Messiah", "*Ēlias*": "nominative masculine singular - Elijah", "*prophētēs*": "nominative masculine singular - prophet" }, "variants": { "*ērōtēsan*": "asked/questioned/inquired", "*baptizeis*": "you baptize/immerse/cleanse ritually", "*Christos*": "Christ/Messiah/Anointed One", "*prophētēs*": "prophet (referring to the prophet like Moses)" } } 26 { "verseID": "John.1.26", "source": "Ἀπεκρίθη αὐτοῖς ὁ Ἰωάννης, λέγων, Ἐγὼ βαπτίζω ἐν ὕδατι: μέσος δὲ ὑμῶν ἕστηκεν, ὃν ὑμεῖς οὐκ οἴδατε·", "text": "*Apekrithē autois ho Iōannēs*, *legōn*, *Egō baptizō* in *hydati*: *mesos de hymōn hestēken*, whom *hymeis* not *oidate*;", "grammar": { "*Apekrithē*": "aorist passive indicative 3rd person singular of *apokrinomai* - answered", "*autois*": "dative masculine plural pronoun - to them", "*Iōannēs*": "nominative masculine singular - John", "*legōn*": "present active participle, nominative masculine singular of *legō* - saying", "*Egō*": "nominative 1st person singular pronoun - I (emphatic)", "*baptizō*": "present active indicative 1st person singular of *baptizō* - baptize", "*hydati*": "dative neuter singular - in water", "*mesos*": "nominative masculine singular - in the midst/middle", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*hymōn*": "genitive 2nd person plural pronoun - of you/your", "*hestēken*": "perfect active indicative 3rd person singular of *histēmi* - stands/has taken his stand", "*hymeis*": "nominative 2nd person plural pronoun - you", "*oidate*": "perfect active indicative 2nd person plural of *oida* - know/understand" }, "variants": { "*Apekrithē*": "answered/replied/responded", "*baptizō*": "baptize/immerse/cleanse ritually", "*hydati*": "in water/with water", "*mesos*": "in the midst/middle/among", "*hestēken*": "stands/has taken his stand (permanent position)", "*oidate*": "know/recognize/understand" } } 27 { "verseID": "John.1.27", "source": "Αὐτός ἐστιν ὁ ὀπίσω μου ἐρχόμενος, ὃς ἔμπροσθέν μου γέγονεν, οὗ ἐγὼ οὐκ εἰμὶ ἄξιος ἵνα λύσω αὐτοῦ τὸν ἱμάντα τοῦ ὑποδήματος.", "text": "*Autos estin* the one *opisō mou erchomenos*, who *emprosthen mou gegonen*, of whom *egō* not *eimi axios* that I might *lysō autou ton himanta tou hypodēmatos*.", "grammar": { "*Autos*": "intensive pronoun, nominative masculine singular - he/himself", "*estin*": "present active indicative 3rd person singular of *eimi* - is", "*opisō*": "preposition with genitive - after/behind", "*mou*": "genitive 1st person singular pronoun - of me/my", "*erchomenos*": "present middle/passive participle, nominative masculine singular of *erchomai* - coming", "*emprosthen*": "preposition with genitive - before/ahead of", "*gegonen*": "perfect active indicative 3rd person singular of *ginomai* - has become", "*egō*": "nominative 1st person singular pronoun - I (emphatic)", "*eimi*": "present active indicative 1st person singular of *eimi* - am", "*axios*": "nominative masculine singular - worthy", "*lysō*": "aorist active subjunctive 1st person singular of *lyō* - I might loose/untie", "*autou*": "genitive masculine singular pronoun - of him/his", "*himanta*": "accusative masculine singular - strap/thong", "*hypodēmatos*": "genitive neuter singular - of sandal" }, "variants": { "*opisō*": "after/behind/following", "*erchomenos*": "coming/following", "*emprosthen*": "before/ahead of/in front of", "*gegonen*": "has become/has come to be/has taken precedence", "*axios*": "worthy/deserving/sufficient", "*lysō*": "loose/untie/remove", "*himanta*": "strap/thong/lace" } } 28 { "verseID": "John.1.28", "source": "Ταῦτα ἐν Βηθαβαρᾶ ἐγένετο πέραν τοῦ Ἰορδάνου, ὅπου ἦν Ἰωάννης βαπτίζων.", "text": "These things in *Bēthabara egeneto* beyond the *Iordanou*, where *ēn Iōannēs baptizōn*.", "grammar": { "*Bēthabara*": "dative feminine singular - Bethabara (place name)", "*egeneto*": "aorist middle indicative 3rd person singular of *ginomai* - happened/took place", "*Iordanou*": "genitive masculine singular - of Jordan", "*ēn*": "imperfect active indicative 3rd person singular of *eimi* - was", "*Iōannēs*": "nominative masculine singular - John", "*baptizōn*": "present active participle, nominative masculine singular of *baptizō* - baptizing" }, "variants": { "*Bēthabara*": "Bethabara (some manuscripts have Bethany, a place east of the Jordan)", "*egeneto*": "happened/took place/occurred", "*Iordanou*": "of Jordan (river)", "*baptizōn*": "baptizing/immersing (continuous action)" } } 29 { "verseID": "John.1.29", "source": "¶Τῇ ἐπαύριον βλέπει ὁ Ἰωάννης τὸν Ἰησοῦν ἐρχόμενον πρὸς αὐτόν, καὶ λέγει, Ἴδε ὁ Ἀμνὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ, ὁ αἴρων τὴν ἁμαρτίαν τοῦ κόσμου.", "text": "The next day *blepei ho Iōannēs ton Iēsoun erchomenon pros auton*, and *legei*, *Ide* the *Amnos tou Theou*, the one *airōn* the *hamartian tou kosmou*.", "grammar": { "*blepei*": "present active indicative 3rd person singular of *blepō* - sees", "*Iōannēs*": "nominative masculine singular - John", "*Iēsoun*": "accusative masculine singular - Jesus", "*erchomenon*": "present middle/passive participle, accusative masculine singular of *erchomai* - coming", "*pros*": "preposition with accusative - toward/to", "*auton*": "accusative masculine singular pronoun - him", "*legei*": "present active indicative 3rd person singular of *legō* - says", "*Ide*": "aorist active imperative 2nd person singular of *eidon* - behold/look", "*Amnos*": "nominative masculine singular - Lamb", "*Theou*": "genitive masculine singular - of God", "*airōn*": "present active participle, nominative masculine singular of *airō* - taking away/removing", "*hamartian*": "accusative feminine singular - sin", "*kosmou*": "genitive masculine singular - of world" }, "variants": { "*blepei*": "sees/perceives/observes", "*erchomenon*": "coming/approaching", "*pros*": "toward/to/with", "*Ide*": "behold/look/see", "*Amnos*": "Lamb (sacrificial imagery)", "*airōn*": "taking away/removing/lifting up", "*hamartian*": "sin/wrongdoing/missing the mark", "*kosmou*": "world/universe/mankind" } } 30 { "verseID": "John.1.30", "source": "Οὗτός ἐστιν περὶ οὗ ἐγὼ εἶπον, Ὀπίσω μου ἔρχεται ἀνὴρ ὃς ἔμπροσθέν μου γέγονεν: ὅτι πρῶτός μου ἦν.", "text": "*Houtos estin* concerning whom *egō eipon*, *Opisō mou erchetai anēr* who *emprosthen mou gegonen*: because *prōtos mou ēn*.", "grammar": { "*Houtos*": "demonstrative pronoun, nominative masculine singular - this one/he", "*estin*": "present active indicative 3rd person singular of *eimi* - is", "*egō*": "nominative 1st person singular pronoun - I (emphatic)", "*eipon*": "aorist active indicative 1st person singular of *legō* - said", "*Opisō*": "preposition with genitive - after/behind", "*mou*": "genitive 1st person singular pronoun - of me/my", "*erchetai*": "present middle/passive indicative 3rd person singular of *erchomai* - comes", "*anēr*": "nominative masculine singular - man", "*emprosthen*": "preposition with genitive - before/ahead of", "*gegonen*": "perfect active indicative 3rd person singular of *ginomai* - has become", "*prōtos*": "nominative masculine singular - first/chief", "*ēn*": "imperfect active indicative 3rd person singular of *eimi* - was" }, "variants": { "*Opisō*": "after/behind/following", "*erchetai*": "comes/is coming", "*anēr*": "man/male person (distinguished from woman)", "*emprosthen*": "before/ahead of/in front of", "*gegonen*": "has become/has come to be/has taken precedence", "*prōtos*": "first/before/chief/foremost" } }