Verse 12

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.2.12", "source": "וּבְשֵׂעִ֞יר יָשְׁב֣וּ הַחֹרִים֮ לְפָנִים֒ וּבְנֵ֧י עֵשָׂ֣ו יִֽירָשׁ֗וּם וַיַּשְׁמִידוּם֙ מִפְּנֵיהֶ֔ם וַיֵּשְׁב֖וּ תַּחְתָּ֑ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֧ר עָשָׂ֣ה יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל לְאֶ֙רֶץ֙ יְרֻשָּׁת֔וֹ אֲשֶׁר־נָתַ֥ן יְהוָ֖ה לָהֶֽם׃", "text": "And in *śēʿîr* *yāšebū* the *ḥōrîm* *lepānîm* and *benê* *ʿēśāw* *yîrāšūm* and *wayyašmîdūm* from *penêhem* and *wayyēšebū* *taḥtām* as that *ʿāśāh* *yiśrāʾēl* to *ʾereṣ* *yerušātô* that-*nātan* *YHWH* to them", "grammar": { "*śēʿîr*": "proper noun - Seir", "*yāšebū*": "qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they dwelt", "*ḥōrîm*": "proper noun - Horites", "*lepānîm*": "preposition + noun masculine plural - formerly", "*benê*": "noun masculine plural construct - sons of", "*ʿēśāw*": "proper noun - Esau", "*yîrāšūm*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - they dispossessed them", "*wayyašmîdūm*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and they destroyed them", "*penêhem*": "noun masculine plural construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their presence", "*wayyēšebū*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they dwelt", "*taḥtām*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their place", "*ʿāśāh*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - did/made", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun feminine singular construct - land of", "*yerušātô*": "noun feminine singular construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his possession", "*nātan*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - gave", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh" }, "variants": { "*yāšebū*": "dwelt/lived/inhabited", "*ḥōrîm*": "Horites (cave-dwellers)", "*lepānîm*": "formerly/previously/in ancient times", "*yîrāšūm*": "dispossessed them/drove them out/took possession from them", "*wayyašmîdūm*": "destroyed them/annihilated them/exterminated them", "*penêhem*": "their presence/before them/from before them", "*wayyēšebū*": "dwelt/settled/lived", "*taḥtām*": "in their place/instead of them/in their stead", "*ʿāśāh*": "did/made/accomplished", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/country/territory", "*yerušātô*": "his possession/inheritance/property", "*nātan*": "gave/granted/bestowed" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  Tidligere bodde horittene i Se'ir, men Esau's sønner drev dem bort og utslettet dem fra sitt land og bosatte seg der i deres sted, akkurat som Israel gjorde i landet de fikk til eiendom som Herren ga dem.

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Og Horerne bodde i Seir tidligere; men Esaus barn drev dem bort og bosatte seg i deres sted, slik Israel gjorde til landet for sin besittelse, som Herren ga dem.

• Norsk King James

  Horittene bodde også i Seir før i tiden, men Esau's barn overtok dem da de utryddet dem, og bosatte seg i deres sted, slik Israel gjorde med det landet som Herren ga dem.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Og horittene bodde før i Seir, men Esaus barn fordrev dem og bosatte seg i deres sted, slik som Israel gjorde i det landet som Herren ga dem.

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  I Se'ir bodde det tidligere horitter, men Esaus barn drev dem ut, utslettet dem for sine øyne og slo seg ned der, slik Israel gjorde med det landet de fikk som arv, som Herren ga dem.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Horittene bodde også i Se'ir før, men Esaus barn tok deres plass da de hadde ødelagt dem foran seg og bodde i deres sted, slik Israel gjorde med landet de fikk som eiendom, som Herren ga dem.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Også Horittene bodde en gang i Seir, men Esaus barn tok deres plass etter å ha utslettet dem og bosatt seg der, slik som Israel gjorde med det landet HERREN ga dem som eiendom.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Horittene bodde også i Se'ir før, men Esaus barn tok deres plass da de hadde ødelagt dem foran seg og bodde i deres sted, slik Israel gjorde med landet de fikk som eiendom, som Herren ga dem.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  På samme måte bodde horittene tidligere i Seir, men etterkommerne av Esau tok landet fra dem. De ødela dem og bosatte seg der, slik Israel gjorde med det landet som Herren hadde gitt dem.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  The Horites also lived in Seir formerly, but the descendants of Esau dispossessed them. They destroyed them and settled in their place, just as Israel did in the land the LORD gave them as their possession.

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  Og i Se'ir bodde det tidligere horitter. Esaus etterkommere fordrev dem og utryddet dem og bosatte seg i deres sted, slik Israel gjorde i det land som Herren ga dem som eiendom.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Og Horiterne boede fordum i Seir, og Esaus Børn fordreve dem og fordærvede dem for sig, og de boede i deres Sted, ligesom Israel gjorde ved sit Eiendoms Land, hvilket Herren gav dem.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  The Horims also dwelt in Seir beforetime; but the children of Esau succeed them, when they had stroyed them from before them, and dwelt in their stead; as Israel did unto the land of his possession, which the LORD gave unto them.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Horittene bodde også i Seir tidligere, men Esaus barn drev dem ut og bosatte seg i deres sted; slik Israel gjorde med det landet Herren ga dem som eiendom.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  The Horites also dwelt in Seir previously; but the children of Esau succeeded them, when they had destroyed them from before them, and dwelt in their place, as Israel did to the land of his possession, which the LORD gave to them.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  The Horims also dwelt in Seir beforetime; but the children of Esau succeeded them, when they had destroyed them from before them, and dwelt in their stead; as Israel did unto the land of his possession, which the LORD gave unto them.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Også horittene bodde før i Se'ir, men Esaus barn overtok deres sted; de utryddet dem foran seg og slo seg ned i deres land, slik Israel gjorde i landet som Herren hadde gitt dem til eiendom.)

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Og i Seir bodde horittene tidligere; men Esaus sønner fortrengte dem og utslettet dem fra deres land, og bor der i deres sted, som Israel har gjort til det landet de fikk som eiendom, som Herren ga dem.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Horittene bodde også i Se'ir før, men Esaus barn tok over dem; og de ødela dem fra sitt landskap og bodde der i stedet; slik Israel gjorde med landet som var deres eiendom, som Herren ga dem.)

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Og horittene bodde tidligere i Se'ir, men Esaus barn tok deres plass; de ødela dem og tok deres land, slik Israel gjorde i landet av sin arv som Herren ga dem.)

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  In like maner the Horimes dwelt in Seir before time which the childern of Esau cast out, ad destroyed the before them and dwelt there in their stede: as Israel dyd in the londe of his possessio which the Lorde gaue them

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  The Horites also dwelt in Seir afore tyme, & ye children of Esau droue them out, and destroyed them before them, & dwelt in their steade: like as Israel dyd in ye lode of his possession, that the LORDE gaue them.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  The Horims also dwelt in Seir before time, whome the children of Esau chased out and destroyed them before them, and dwelt in their steade: as Israel shall doe vnto the land of his possession, which the Lord hath giuen them.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  The Horims also dwelt in Seir before tyme, whom the chyldren of Esau chased out, & destroyed them before them, and dwelt in their steade, as Israel did vnto the lande of his possession, whiche the Lorde gaue them.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  The Horims also dwelt in Seir beforetime; but the children of Esau succeeded them, when they had destroyed them from before them, and dwelt in their stead; as Israel did unto the land of his possession, which the LORD gave unto them.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  The Horites also lived in Seir before, but the children of Esau succeeded them; and they destroyed them from before them, and lived in their place; as Israel did to the land of his possession, which Yahweh gave to them.)

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And in Seir have the Horim dwelt formerly; and the sons of Esau dispossess them, and destroy them from before them, and dwell in their stead, as Israel hath done to the land of his possession, which Jehovah hath given to them;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  The Horites also dwelt in Seir aforetime, but the children of Esau succeeded them; and they destroyed them from before them, and dwelt in their stead; as Israel did unto the land of his possession, which Jehovah gave unto them.)

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And the Horites in earlier times were living in Seir, but the children of Esau took their place; they sent destruction on them and took their land for themselves, as Israel did to the land of his heritage which the Lord gave them.)

• World English Bible (2000)

  The Horites also lived in Seir before, but the children of Esau succeeded them; and they destroyed them from before them, and lived in their place; as Israel did to the land of his possession, which Yahweh gave to them.)

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Previously the Horites lived in Seir but the descendants of Esau dispossessed and destroyed them and settled in their place, just as Israel did to the land it came to possess, the land the LORD gave them.)

Referenced Verses

• Deut 2:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.2.22", "source": "כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר עָשָׂה֙ לִבְנֵ֣י עֵשָׂ֔ו הַיֹּשְׁבִ֖ים בְּשֵׂעִ֑יר אֲשֶׁ֨ר הִשְׁמִ֤יד אֶת־הַחֹרִי֙ מִפְּנֵיהֶ֔ם וַיִּֽירָשֻׁם֙ וַיֵּשְׁב֣וּ תַחְתָּ֔ם עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "*kaʾăšer* *ʿāśāh* to-*bənê* *ʿêśāw* *hayyōšḇîm* in-*śêʿîr* *ʾăšer* *hišmîḏ* *ʾet*-*haḥōrî* *mippənêhem* *wayyîrāšum* *wayyêšḇû* *taḥtām* until *hayyôm* *hazzeh*", "grammar": { "*kaʾăšer*": "preposition + relative pronoun - as/just as", "*ʿāśāh*": "verb, Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he did/made", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of/children of", "*ʿêśāw*": "proper noun - Esau", "*hayyōšḇîm*": "definite article + verb, Qal participle masculine plural - the ones dwelling/settling", "*śêʿîr*": "proper noun - Seir", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/which/that", "*hišmîḏ*": "verb, Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he destroyed", "*ʾet*-*haḥōrî*": "direct object marker + definite article + proper noun - the Horites", "*mippənêhem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from before them", "*wayyîrāšum*": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and they dispossessed them", "*wayyêšḇû*": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they dwelled/settled", "*taḥtām*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their place/instead of them", "*hayyôm*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the day", "*hazzeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*hišmîḏ*": "destroyed/exterminated/annihilated", "*wayyîrāšum*": "and they dispossessed them/drove them out/took possession of them", "*taḥtām*": "in their place/instead of them/under them", "*hayyôm* *hazzeh*": "this day/today/until now" } }
• Gen 14:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Genesis.14.6", "source": "וְאֶת־הַחֹרִ֖י בְּהַרְרָ֣ם שֵׂעִ֑יר עַ֚ד אֵ֣יל פָּארָ֔ן אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־הַמִּדְבָּֽר׃", "text": "*wə-ʾeṯ*-*ha-ḥōrî* *bə-harrām* *śēʿîr* *ʿaḏ* *ʾêl* *pārān* *ʾăšer* *ʿal*-*ham-miḏbār*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾeṯ*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*ha-ḥōrî*": "definite article + proper noun, people group (Horites)", "*bə-harrām*": "preposition + common noun with possessive suffix - in their mountain", "*śēʿîr*": "proper noun, place name (Seir)", "*ʿaḏ*": "preposition - until/as far as", "*ʾêl*": "proper noun, place name (El)", "*pārān*": "proper noun, place name (Paran)", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*ʿal*": "preposition - on/beside", "*ham-miḏbār*": "definite article + common noun - the wilderness" }, "variants": { "*bə-harrām*": "in their mountain(s)/in the hill country of", "*ʾêl pārān*": "El-paran/terebinth of Paran" } }
• Gen 36:20-43 : 20 { "verseID": "Genesis.36.20", "source": "אֵ֤לֶּה בְנֵֽי־שֵׂעִיר֙ הַחֹרִ֔י יֹשְׁבֵ֖י הָאָ֑רֶץ לוֹטָ֥ן וְשׁוֹבָ֖ל וְצִבְע֥וֹן וַעֲנָֽה׃", "text": "*ʾēlleh* *bənê*-*Śēʿîr* *ha-Ḥōrî* *yōšəbê* *hā-ʾāreṣ* *Lôṭān* and-*Šôbāl* and-*Ṣibʿôn* and-*ʿĂnāh*", "grammar": { "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*ha-Ḥōrî*": "definite article + proper noun, gentilic - the Horite", "*yōšəbê*": "verb, qal participle masculine plural construct - inhabitants of", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land" }, "variants": { "*Ḥōrî*": "Horite (people group, possibly 'cave-dwellers')", "*yōšəbê*": "inhabitants/dwellers/residents of" } } 21 { "verseID": "Genesis.36.21", "source": "וְדִשׁ֥וֹן וְאֵ֖צֶר וְדִישָׁ֑ן אֵ֣לֶּה אַלּוּפֵ֧י הַחֹרִ֛י בְּנֵ֥י שֵׂעִ֖יר בְּאֶ֥רֶץ אֱדֽוֹם׃", "text": "And-*Dîšôn* and-*ʾĒṣer* and-*Dîšān* *ʾēlleh* *ʾallûp̄ê* *ha-Ḥōrî* *bənê* *Śēʿîr* in-*ʾereṣ* *ʾĔdôm*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*ʾallûp̄ê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - chiefs/clans of", "*ha-Ḥōrî*": "definite article + proper noun, gentilic - the Horite", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*bə-ʾereṣ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - in the land of" }, "variants": { "*ʾallûp̄ê*": "chiefs/clan leaders/tribal heads/dukes" } } 22 { "verseID": "Genesis.36.22", "source": "וַיִּהְי֥וּ בְנֵי־לוֹטָ֖ן חֹרִ֣י וְהֵימָ֑ם וַאֲח֥וֹת לוֹטָ֖ן תִּמְנָֽע׃", "text": "And-*yihyû* *bənê*-*Lôṭān* *Ḥōrî* and-*Hêmām* and-*ʾăḥôt* *Lôṭān* *Timnaʿ*", "grammar": { "*wa-*": "consecutive conjunction - and", "*yihyû*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - they were", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*wa-ʾăḥôt*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct - and sister of" }, "variants": { "*yihyû*": "were/became/existed", "*ʾăḥôt*": "sister of/female relative of" } } 23 { "verseID": "Genesis.36.23", "source": "וְאֵ֙לֶּה֙ בְּנֵ֣י שׁוֹבָ֔ל עַלְוָ֥ן וּמָנַ֖חַת וְעֵיבָ֑ל שְׁפ֖וֹ וְאוֹנָֽם׃", "text": "And-*ʾēlleh* *bənê* *Šôbāl* *ʿAlwān* and-*Mānaḥat* and-*ʿÊbāl* *Šəp̄ô* and-*ʾÔnām*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of" }, "variants": {} } 24 { "verseID": "Genesis.36.24", "source": "וְאֵ֥לֶּה בְנֵֽי־צִבְע֖וֹן וְאַיָּ֣ה וַעֲנָ֑ה ה֣וּא עֲנָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר מָצָ֤א אֶת־הַיֵּמִם֙ בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר בִּרְעֹת֥וֹ אֶת־הַחֲמֹרִ֖ים לְצִבְע֥וֹן אָבִֽיו׃", "text": "And-*ʾēlleh* *bənê*-*Ṣibʿôn* and-*ʾAyyāh* and-*ʿĂnāh* *hûʾ* *ʿĂnāh* *ʾăšer* *māṣāʾ* *ʾet*-*ha-yēmim* in-*ha-midbār* in-*rəʿōtô* *ʾet*-*ha-ḥămōrîm* to-*Ṣibʿôn* *ʾābîw*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*hûʾ*": "third person masculine singular pronoun - he/that is", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/which/that", "*māṣāʾ*": "verb, qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - found", "*ha-yēmim*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the hot springs/mules", "*ba-midbār*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the wilderness", "*bi-rəʿōtô*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - in his pasturing", "*ha-ḥămōrîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the donkeys", "*lə-*": "preposition - to/for", "*ʾābîw*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - his father" }, "variants": { "*māṣāʾ*": "found/discovered/encountered", "*ha-yēmim*": "hot springs/mules/water (uncertain meaning)", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*rəʿōtô*": "his pasturing/tending/herding", "*ḥămōrîm*": "donkeys/asses" } } 25 { "verseID": "Genesis.36.25", "source": "וְאֵ֥לֶּה בְנֵֽי־עֲנָ֖ה דִּשֹׁ֑ן וְאָהֳלִיבָמָ֖ה בַּת־עֲנָֽה׃", "text": "And-*ʾēlleh* *bənê*-*ʿĂnāh* *Dîšōn* and-*ʾĀholîbāmāh* *bat*-*ʿĂnāh*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*bat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - daughter of" }, "variants": {} } 26 { "verseID": "Genesis.36.26", "source": "וְאֵ֖לֶּה בְּנֵ֣י דִישָׁ֑ן חֶמְדָּ֥ן וְאֶשְׁבָּ֖ן וְיִתְרָ֥ן וּכְרָֽן׃", "text": "And-*ʾēlleh* *bənê* *Dîšān* *Ḥemdān* and-*ʾEšbān* and-*Yitrān* and-*Kərān*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of" }, "variants": {} } 27 { "verseID": "Genesis.36.27", "source": "אֵ֖לֶּה בְּנֵי־אֵ֑צֶר בִּלְהָ֥ן וְזַעֲוָ֖ן וַעֲקָֽן׃", "text": "*ʾēlleh* *bənê*-*ʾĒṣer* *Bilhān* and-*Zaʿăwān* and-*ʿĂqān*", "grammar": { "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of" }, "variants": {} } 28 { "verseID": "Genesis.36.28", "source": "אֵ֥לֶּה בְנֵֽי־דִישָׁ֖ן ע֥וּץ וַאֲרָֽן׃", "text": "*ʾēlleh* *bənê*-*Dîšān* *ʿÛṣ* and-*ʾĂrān*", "grammar": { "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*wa-*": "conjunction - and" }, "variants": {} } 29 { "verseID": "Genesis.36.29", "source": "אֵ֖לֶּה אַלּוּפֵ֣י הַחֹרִ֑י אַלּ֤וּף לוֹטָן֙ אַלּ֣וּף שׁוֹבָ֔ל אַלּ֥וּף צִבְע֖וֹן אַלּ֥וּף עֲנָֽה׃", "text": "*ʾēlleh* *ʾallûp̄ê* *ha-Ḥōrî* *ʾallûp̄* *Lôṭān* *ʾallûp̄* *Šôbāl* *ʾallûp̄* *Ṣibʿôn* *ʾallûp̄* *ʿĂnāh*", "grammar": { "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*ʾallûp̄ê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - chiefs/clans of", "*ha-Ḥōrî*": "definite article + proper noun, gentilic - the Horite", "*ʾallûp̄*": "noun, masculine singular construct - chief/clan of" }, "variants": { "*ʾallûp̄ê*": "chiefs/clan leaders/tribal heads/dukes", "*ʾallûp̄*": "chief/clan leader/tribal head/duke" } } 30 { "verseID": "Genesis.36.30", "source": "אַלּ֥וּף דִּשֹׁ֛ן אַלּ֥וּף אֵ֖צֶר אַלּ֣וּף דִּישָׁ֑ן אֵ֣לֶּה אַלּוּפֵ֧י הַחֹרִ֛י לְאַלֻּפֵיהֶ֖ם בְּאֶ֥רֶץ שֵׂעִֽיר׃", "text": "*ʾallûp̄* *Dîšōn* *ʾallûp̄* *ʾĒṣer* *ʾallûp̄* *Dîšān* *ʾēlleh* *ʾallûp̄ê* *ha-Ḥōrî* to-*ʾallup̄êhem* in-*ʾereṣ* *Śēʿîr*", "grammar": { "*ʾallûp̄*": "noun, masculine singular construct - chief/clan of", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*ʾallûp̄ê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - chiefs/clans of", "*ha-Ḥōrî*": "definite article + proper noun, gentilic - the Horite", "*lə-ʾallup̄êhem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural possessive suffix - by their clans", "*bə-ʾereṣ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - in the land of" }, "variants": { "*ʾallûp̄*": "chief/clan leader/tribal head/duke", "*ʾallûp̄ê*": "chiefs/clan leaders/tribal heads/dukes", "*ʾallup̄êhem*": "their clans/divisions/territories" } } 31 { "verseID": "Genesis.36.31", "source": "וְאֵ֙לֶּה֙ הַמְּלָכִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר מָלְכ֖וּ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ אֱד֑וֹם לִפְנֵ֥י מְלָךְ־מֶ֖לֶךְ לִבְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "And-*ʾēlleh* *ha-mməlākîm* *ʾăšer* *mālkû* in-*ʾereṣ* *ʾĔdôm* to-*p̄ənê* *məlok*-*melek* to-*bənê* *Yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*ha-mməlākîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the kings", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/which/that", "*mālkû*": "verb, qal perfect 3rd plural - they reigned", "*bə-ʾereṣ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - in the land of", "*li-p̄ənê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - before", "*məlok*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to reign", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular - king", "*li-bənê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - for the sons of" }, "variants": { "*mālkû*": "reigned/ruled/were kings", "*p̄ənê*": "before/in front of/in the time of", "*məlok-melek*": "a king reigned/any king ruled" } } 32 { "verseID": "Genesis.36.32", "source": "וַיִּמְלֹ֣ךְ בֶּאֱד֔וֹם בֶּ֖לַע בֶּן־בְּע֑וֹר וְשֵׁ֥ם עִיר֖וֹ דִּנְהָֽבָה׃", "text": "And-*yimlōk* in-*ʾĔdôm* *Belaʿ* *ben*-*Bəʿôr* and-*šēm* *ʿîrô* *Dinhābāh*", "grammar": { "*wa-*": "consecutive conjunction - and", "*yimlōk*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he reigned", "*bə-*": "preposition - in", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*wə-šēm*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and name of", "*ʿîrô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - his city" }, "variants": { "*yimlōk*": "reigned/ruled/was king", "*ʿîrô*": "his city/town/settlement" } } 33 { "verseID": "Genesis.36.33", "source": "וַיָּ֖מָת בָּ֑לַע וַיִּמְלֹ֣ךְ תַּחְתָּ֔יו יוֹבָ֥ב בֶּן־זֶ֖רַח מִבָּצְרָֽה׃", "text": "And-*yāmāt* *Bālaʿ* and-*yimlōk* *taḥtāyw* *Yôbāb* *ben*-*Zeraḥ* from-*Bāṣrāh*", "grammar": { "*wa-*": "consecutive conjunction - and", "*yāmāt*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he died", "*wa-yimlōk*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he reigned", "*taḥtāyw*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his place", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*mi-*": "preposition - from" }, "variants": { "*yāmāt*": "died/passed away", "*taḥtāyw*": "in his place/instead of him/after him" } } 34 { "verseID": "Genesis.36.34", "source": "וַיָּ֖מָת יוֹבָ֑ב וַיִּמְלֹ֣ךְ תַּחְתָּ֔יו חֻשָׁ֖ם מֵאֶ֥רֶץ הַתֵּימָנִֽי׃", "text": "And-*yāmāt* *Yôbāb* and-*yimlōk* *taḥtāyw* *Ḥušām* from-*ʾereṣ* *ha-Têmānî*", "grammar": { "*wa-*": "consecutive conjunction - and", "*yāmāt*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he died", "*wa-yimlōk*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he reigned", "*taḥtāyw*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his place", "*mē-ʾereṣ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - from the land of", "*ha-Têmānî*": "definite article + proper noun, gentilic - the Temanite" }, "variants": { "*Têmānî*": "Temanite (from Teman, meaning 'south/right hand')" } } 35 { "verseID": "Genesis.36.35", "source": "וַיָּ֖מָת חֻשָׁ֑ם וַיִּמְלֹ֨ךְ תַּחְתָּ֜יו הֲדַ֣ד בֶּן־בְּדַ֗ד הַמַּכֶּ֤ה אֶת־מִדְיָן֙ בִּשְׂדֵ֣ה מוֹאָ֔ב וְשֵׁ֥ם עִיר֖וֹ עֲוִֽית׃", "text": "And-*yāmāt* *Ḥušām* and-*yimlōk* *taḥtāyw* *Hădad* *ben*-*Bədad* *ha-makkeh* *ʾet*-*Midyān* in-*śədēh* *Môʾāb* and-*šēm* *ʿîrô* *ʿĂwît*", "grammar": { "*wa-*": "consecutive conjunction - and", "*yāmāt*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he died", "*wa-yimlōk*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he reigned", "*taḥtāyw*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his place", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*ha-makkeh*": "definite article + verb, hiphil participle masculine singular - the one who defeated", "*bi-śədēh*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in the field of", "*wə-šēm*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and name of", "*ʿîrô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - his city" }, "variants": { "*makkeh*": "defeated/struck/smote", "*śədēh*": "field/open country/territory", "*ʿîrô*": "his city/town/settlement" } } 36 { "verseID": "Genesis.36.36", "source": "וַיָּ֖מָת הֲדָ֑ד וַיִּמְלֹ֣ךְ תַּחְתָּ֔יו שַׂמְלָ֖ה מִמַּשְׂרֵקָֽה׃", "text": "And-*yāmāt* *Hădād* and-*yimlōk* *taḥtāyw* *Śamlāh* from-*Maśrēqāh*", "grammar": { "*wa-*": "consecutive conjunction - and", "*yāmāt*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he died", "*wa-yimlōk*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he reigned", "*taḥtāyw*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his place", "*mi-*": "preposition - from" }, "variants": {} } 37 { "verseID": "Genesis.36.37", "source": "וַיָּ֖מָת שַׂמְלָ֑ה וַיִּמְלֹ֣ךְ תַּחְתָּ֔יו שָׁא֖וּל מֵרְחֹב֥וֹת הַנָּהָֽר׃", "text": "And-*yāmāt* *Śamlāh* and-*yimlōk* *taḥtāyw* *Šāʾûl* from-*Rəḥōbôt* *ha-nāhār*", "grammar": { "*wa-*": "consecutive conjunction - and", "*yāmāt*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he died", "*wa-yimlōk*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he reigned", "*taḥtāyw*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his place", "*mē-*": "preposition - from", "*ha-nāhār*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the river" }, "variants": { "*Rəḥōbôt*": "Rehoboth (place name meaning 'wide places/streets')", "*nāhār*": "river/stream" } } 38 { "verseID": "Genesis.36.38", "source": "וַיָּ֖מָת שָׁא֑וּל וַיִּמְלֹ֣ךְ תַּחְתָּ֔יו בַּ֥עַל חָנָ֖ן בֶּן־עַכְבּֽוֹר׃", "text": "And-*yāmāt* *Šāʾûl* and-*yimlōk* *taḥtāyw* *Baʿal* *Ḥānān* *ben*-*ʿAkbôr*", "grammar": { "*wa-*": "consecutive conjunction - and", "*yāmāt*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he died", "*wa-yimlōk*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he reigned", "*taḥtāyw*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his place", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of" }, "variants": { "*Baʿal* *Ḥānān*": "Baal-hanan (name meaning 'Baal is gracious')" } } 39 { "verseID": "Genesis.36.39", "source": "וַיָּמָת֮ בַּ֣עַל חָנָ֣ן בֶּן־עַכְבּוֹר֒ וַיִּמְלֹ֤ךְ תַּחְתָּיו֙ הֲדַ֔ר וְשֵׁ֥ם עִיר֖וֹ פָּ֑עוּ וְשֵׁ֨ם אִשְׁתּ֤וֹ מְהֵֽיטַבְאֵל֙ בַּת־מַטְרֵ֔ד בַּ֖ת מֵ֥י זָהָֽב׃", "text": "And-*yāmāt* *Baʿal* *Ḥānān* *ben*-*ʿAkbôr* and-*yimlōk* *taḥtāyw* *Hădar* and-*šēm* *ʿîrô* *Pāʿû* and-*šēm* *ʾištô* *Məhêṭabʾēl* *bat*-*Maṭrēd* *bat* *Mê* *Zāhāb*", "grammar": { "*wa-*": "consecutive conjunction - and", "*yāmāt*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he died", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*wa-yimlōk*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he reigned", "*taḥtāyw*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his place", "*wə-šēm*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and name of", "*ʿîrô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - his city", "*ʾištô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - his wife", "*bat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - daughter of" }, "variants": { "*ʿîrô*": "his city/town/settlement", "*ʾištô*": "his wife/woman", "*Mê* *Zāhāb*": "Me-zahab (name meaning 'waters of gold')" } } 40 { "verseID": "Genesis.36.40", "source": "וְ֠אֵלֶּה שְׁמ֞וֹת אַלּוּפֵ֤י עֵשָׂו֙ לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֔ם לִמְקֹמֹתָ֖ם בִּשְׁמֹתָ֑ם אַלּ֥וּף תִּמְנָ֛ע אַלּ֥וּף עַֽלְוָ֖ה אַלּ֥וּף יְתֵֽת׃", "text": "And-*ʾēlleh* *šəmôt* *ʾallûp̄ê* *ʿĒśāw* to-*mišpəḥōtām* to-*məqōmōtām* by-*šəmōtām* *ʾallûp̄* *Timnaʿ* *ʾallûp̄* *ʿAlwāh* *ʾallûp̄* *Yətēt*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*šəmôt*": "noun, masculine plural construct - names of", "*ʾallûp̄ê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - chiefs/clans of", "*lə-mišpəḥōtām*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine plural possessive suffix - by their families", "*li-məqōmōtām*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural possessive suffix - by their places", "*bi-šəmōtām*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural possessive suffix - by their names", "*ʾallûp̄*": "noun, masculine singular construct - chief/clan of" }, "variants": { "*ʾallûp̄ê*": "chiefs/clan leaders/tribal heads/dukes", "*mišpəḥōtām*": "their families/clans/tribes", "*məqōmōtām*": "their places/settlements/locations", "*ʾallûp̄*": "chief/clan leader/tribal head/duke" } } 41 { "verseID": "Genesis.36.41", "source": "אַלּ֧וּף אָהֳלִיבָמָ֛ה אַלּ֥וּף אֵלָ֖ה אַלּ֥וּף פִּינֹֽן׃", "text": "*ʾallûp̄* *ʾĀholîbāmāh* *ʾallûp̄* *ʾĒlāh* *ʾallûp̄* *Pînōn*", "grammar": { "*ʾallûp̄*": "noun, masculine singular construct - chief/clan of" }, "variants": { "*ʾallûp̄*": "chief/clan leader/tribal head/duke" } } 42 { "verseID": "Genesis.36.42", "source": "אַלּ֥וּף קְנַ֛ז אַלּ֥וּף תֵּימָ֖ן אַלּ֥וּף מִבְצָֽר׃", "text": "*ʾallûp̄* *Qənaz* *ʾallûp̄* *Têmān* *ʾallûp̄* *Mibṣār*", "grammar": { "*ʾallûp̄*": "noun, masculine singular construct - chief/clan of" }, "variants": { "*ʾallûp̄*": "chief/clan leader/tribal head/duke" } } 43 { "verseID": "Genesis.36.43", "source": "אַלּ֥וּף מַגְדִּיאֵ֖ל אַלּ֣וּף עִירָ֑ם אֵ֣לֶּה ׀ אַלּוּפֵ֣י אֱד֗וֹם לְמֹֽשְׁבֹתָם֙ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ אֲחֻזָּתָ֔ם ה֥וּא עֵשָׂ֖ו אֲבִ֥י אֱדֽוֹם׃", "text": "*ʾallûp̄* *Magdîʾēl* *ʾallûp̄* *ʿÎrām* *ʾēlleh* *ʾallûp̄ê* *ʾĔdôm* to-*môšəbōtām* in-*ʾereṣ* *ʾăḥuzzātām* *hûʾ* *ʿĒśāw* *ʾăbî* *ʾĔdôm*", "grammar": { "*ʾallûp̄*": "noun, masculine singular construct - chief/clan of", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*ʾallûp̄ê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - chiefs/clans of", "*lə-môšəbōtām*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine plural possessive suffix - according to their settlements", "*bə-ʾereṣ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - in the land of", "*ʾăḥuzzātām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural possessive suffix - their possession", "*hûʾ*": "third person masculine singular pronoun - he is", "*ʾăbî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - father of" }, "variants": { "*ʾallûp̄*": "chief/clan leader/tribal head/duke", "*ʾallûp̄ê*": "chiefs/clan leaders/tribal heads/dukes", "*môšəbōtām*": "their settlements/dwelling places/habitations", "*ʾăḥuzzātām*": "their possession/property/inheritance", "*ʾăbî*": "father of/ancestor of/founder of" } }
• Num 21:21-35 : 21 { "verseID": "Numbers.21.21", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ מַלְאָכִ֔ים אֶל־סִיחֹ֥ן מֶֽלֶךְ־הָאֱמֹרִ֖י לֵאמֹֽר׃", "text": "And *wə-yišlaḥ* *yiśrā'ēl* *mal'āḵîm* to-*sîḥōn* *meleḵ*-the-*'ĕmōrî* *lē'mōr*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yišlaḥ*": "conjunctive waw + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he sent", "*yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*mal'āḵîm*": "noun masculine plural - messengers", "*sîḥōn*": "proper noun - Sihon", "*meleḵ*": "noun masculine singular construct - king of", "*'ĕmōrî*": "definite proper noun - the Amorite", "*lē'mōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying" }, "variants": { "*mal'āḵîm*": "messengers/ambassadors", "*lē'mōr*": "saying/to say" } } 22 { "verseID": "Numbers.21.22", "source": "אֶעְבְּרָ֣ה בְאַרְצֶ֗ךָ לֹ֤א נִטֶּה֙ בְּשָׂדֶ֣ה וּבְכֶ֔רֶם לֹ֥א נִשְׁתֶּ֖ה מֵ֣י בְאֵ֑ר בְּדֶ֤רֶךְ הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ נֵלֵ֔ךְ עַ֥ד אֲשֶֽׁר־נַעֲבֹ֖ר גְּבֻלֶֽךָ׃", "text": "*'e'bərâ* in-*'arṣeḵā* not *niṭṭeh* in-*śāḏeh* and-in-*ḵerem* not *ništeh* *mê* *ḇə'ēr* in-*ḏereḵ* the-*meleḵ* *nēlēḵ* until *'ăšer*-*na'ăḇōr* *gəḇuleḵā*.", "grammar": { "*'e'bərâ*": "qal imperfect 1st common singular cohortative - let me pass", "*'arṣeḵā*": "noun feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your land", "*niṭṭeh*": "qal imperfect 1st common plural - we will turn", "*śāḏeh*": "noun masculine singular - field", "*ḵerem*": "noun masculine singular - vineyard", "*ništeh*": "qal imperfect 1st common plural - we will drink", "*mê*": "noun masculine plural construct - waters of", "*ḇə'ēr*": "noun feminine singular - well", "*ḏereḵ*": "noun masculine singular construct - way of", "*meleḵ*": "definite noun masculine singular - the king", "*nēlēḵ*": "qal imperfect 1st common plural - we will go", "*'ăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*na'ăḇōr*": "qal imperfect 1st common plural - we pass over", "*gəḇuleḵā*": "noun masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your territory" }, "variants": { "*ḏereḵ ha-meleḵ*": "King's Highway/royal road", "*gəḇuleḵā*": "your border/your territory", "*'e'bərâ*": "let me pass/I wish to pass" } } 23 { "verseID": "Numbers.21.23", "source": "וְלֹא־נָתַ֨ן סִיחֹ֣ן אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵל֮ עֲבֹ֣ר בִּגְבֻלוֹ֒ וַיֶּאֱסֹ֨ף סִיחֹ֜ן אֶת־כָּל־עַמּ֗וֹ וַיֵּצֵ֞א לִקְרַ֤את יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ הַמִּדְבָּ֔רָה וַיָּבֹ֖א יָ֑הְצָה וַיִּלָּ֖חֶם בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "And-not *nāṯan* *sîḥōn* *'eṯ*-*yiśrā'ēl* *'ăḇōr* in-*gəḇulô* and *wə-ye'ĕsōp̄* *sîḥōn* *'eṯ*-all-*'ammô* and *wə-yēṣē'* to-*liqraṯ* *yiśrā'ēl* the-*miḏbārâ* and *wə-yāḇō'* *yahṣâ* and *wə-yillāḥem* in-*yiśrā'ēl*.", "grammar": { "*nāṯan*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he gave/allowed", "*sîḥōn*": "proper noun - Sihon", "*yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*'ăḇōr*": "qal infinitive construct - to pass", "*gəḇulô*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his territory", "*wə-ye'ĕsōp̄*": "conjunctive waw + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he gathered", "*sîḥōn*": "proper noun - Sihon", "*'ammô*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his people", "*wə-yēṣē'*": "conjunctive waw + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he went out", "*liqraṯ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to meet", "*yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*miḏbārâ*": "definite noun + directional he - to the wilderness", "*wə-yāḇō'*": "conjunctive waw + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he came", "*yahṣâ*": "proper noun - Jahaz", "*wə-yillāḥem*": "conjunctive waw + niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he fought" }, "variants": { "*nāṯan*": "gave/permitted/allowed", "*liqraṯ*": "to meet/against/to encounter", "*miḏbārâ*": "to the wilderness/into the desert" } } 24 { "verseID": "Numbers.21.24", "source": "וַיַּכֵּ֥הוּ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לְפִי־חָ֑רֶב וַיִּירַ֨שׁ אֶת־אַרְצ֜וֹ מֵֽאַרְנֹ֗ן עַד־יַבֹּק֙ עַד־בְּנֵ֣י עַמּ֔וֹן כִּ֣י עַ֔ז גְּב֖וּל בְּנֵ֥י עַמּֽוֹן׃", "text": "And *wə-yakkēhû* *yiśrā'ēl* to-*pî*-*ḥāreḇ* and *wə-yîraš* *'eṯ*-*'arṣô* from-*'arnōn* unto-*yabbōq* unto-*bənê* *'ammôn* for *kî* *'az* *gəḇûl* *bənê* *'ammôn*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yakkēhû*": "conjunctive waw + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he struck him", "*yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*pî*": "noun masculine singular construct - mouth of/edge of", "*ḥāreḇ*": "noun feminine singular - sword", "*wə-yîraš*": "conjunctive waw + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he took possession", "*'arṣô*": "noun feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his land", "*'arnōn*": "proper noun - Arnon", "*yabbōq*": "proper noun - Jabbok", "*bənê*": "noun masculine plural construct - sons of", "*'ammôn*": "proper noun - Ammon", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*'az*": "adjective masculine singular - strong", "*gəḇûl*": "noun masculine singular construct - border of", "*bənê*": "noun masculine plural construct - sons of", "*'ammôn*": "proper noun - Ammon" }, "variants": { "*lə-p̄î-ḥāreḇ*": "by the edge of the sword/with the sword", "*'az*": "strong/mighty/fortified", "*bənê 'ammôn*": "sons of Ammon/Ammonites" } } 25 { "verseID": "Numbers.21.25", "source": "וַיִּקַּח֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֵ֥ת כָּל־הֶעָרִ֖ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה וַיֵּ֤שֶׁב יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ בְּכָל־עָרֵ֣י הָֽאֱמֹרִ֔י בְּחֶשְׁבּ֖וֹן וּבְכָל־בְּנֹתֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "And *wə-yiqqaḥ* *yiśrā'ēl* *'ēṯ* all-the-*'ārîm* the-*'ēlleh* and *wə-yēšeḇ* *yiśrā'ēl* in-all-*'ārê* the-*'ĕmōrî* in-*ḥešbôn* and-in-all-*bənōṯêhā*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yiqqaḥ*": "conjunctive waw + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he took", "*yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*'ārîm*": "definite noun feminine plural - the cities", "*'ēlleh*": "demonstrative adjective - these", "*wə-yēšeḇ*": "conjunctive waw + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he dwelled", "*yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*'ārê*": "noun feminine plural construct - cities of", "*'ĕmōrî*": "definite proper noun - the Amorite", "*ḥešbôn*": "proper noun - Heshbon", "*bənōṯêhā*": "noun feminine plural + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her daughters/dependent villages" }, "variants": { "*bənōṯêhā*": "her daughters/dependent villages/surrounding settlements" } } 26 { "verseID": "Numbers.21.26", "source": "כִּ֣י חֶשְׁבּ֔וֹן עִ֗יר סִיחֹ֛ן מֶ֥לֶךְ הָאֱמֹרִ֖י הִ֑וא וְה֣וּא נִלְחַ֗ם בְּמֶ֤לֶךְ מוֹאָב֙ הָֽרִאשׁ֔וֹן וַיִּקַּ֧ח אֶת־כָּל־אַרְצ֛וֹ מִיָּד֖וֹ עַד־אַרְנֹֽן׃", "text": "For *kî* *ḥešbôn* *'îr* *sîḥōn* *meleḵ* the-*'ĕmōrî* *hî'* and-he *wəhû'* *nilḥam* in-*meleḵ* *mô'āḇ* the-*ri'šôn* and *wə-yiqqaḥ* *'eṯ*-all-*'arṣô* from-*yāḏô* unto-*'arnōn*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ḥešbôn*": "proper noun - Heshbon", "*'îr*": "noun feminine singular construct - city of", "*sîḥōn*": "proper noun - Sihon", "*meleḵ*": "noun masculine singular construct - king of", "*'ĕmōrî*": "definite proper noun - the Amorite", "*hî'*": "3rd person feminine singular pronoun - she/it", "*wəhû'*": "conjunction + 3rd person masculine singular pronoun - and he", "*nilḥam*": "niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he fought", "*meleḵ*": "noun masculine singular construct - king of", "*mô'āḇ*": "proper noun - Moab", "*ri'šôn*": "definite adjective masculine singular - the former/first", "*wə-yiqqaḥ*": "conjunctive waw + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he took", "*'arṣô*": "noun feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his land", "*yāḏô*": "noun feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand", "*'arnōn*": "proper noun - Arnon" }, "variants": { "*ri'šôn*": "former/previous/first", "*mi-yāḏô*": "from his hand/from his power/from his possession" } } 27 { "verseID": "Numbers.21.27", "source": "עַל־כֵּ֛ן יֹאמְר֥וּ הַמֹּשְׁלִ֖ים בֹּ֣אוּ חֶשְׁבּ֑וֹן תִּבָּנֶ֥ה וְתִכּוֹנֵ֖ן עִ֥יר סִיחֽוֹן׃", "text": "Upon-*kēn* *yō'mərû* the-*mōšəlîm* *bō'û* *ḥešbôn* *tibbāneh* and-*təkônēn* *'îr* *sîḥôn*.", "grammar": { "*kēn*": "adverb - thus/so", "*yō'mərû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they say", "*mōšəlîm*": "definite qal participle masculine plural - the ones reciting proverbs", "*bō'û*": "qal imperative masculine plural - come", "*ḥešbôn*": "proper noun - Heshbon", "*tibbāneh*": "niphal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - let it be built", "*təkônēn*": "polel imperfect 3rd feminine singular - let it be established", "*'îr*": "noun feminine singular construct - city of", "*sîḥôn*": "proper noun - Sihon" }, "variants": { "*mōšəlîm*": "those who speak in proverbs/poets/ballad-singers", "*tibbāneh*": "let it be built/may it be built", "*təkônēn*": "let it be established/may it be prepared" } } 28 { "verseID": "Numbers.21.28", "source": "כִּי־אֵשׁ֙ יָֽצְאָ֣ה מֵֽחֶשְׁבּ֔וֹן לֶהָבָ֖ה מִקִּרְיַ֣ת סִיחֹ֑ן אָֽכְלָה֙ עָ֣ר מוֹאָ֔ב בַּעֲלֵ֖י בָּמ֥וֹת אַרְנֹֽן׃", "text": "For-*'ēš* *yāṣə'â* from-*ḥešbôn* *lehāḇâ* from-*qiryaṯ* *sîḥōn* *'āḵəlâ* *'ār* *mô'āḇ* *ba'ălê* *bāmôṯ* *'arnōn*.", "grammar": { "*'ēš*": "noun feminine singular - fire", "*yāṣə'â*": "qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - it went out", "*ḥešbôn*": "proper noun - Heshbon", "*lehāḇâ*": "noun feminine singular - flame", "*qiryaṯ*": "noun feminine singular construct - city of", "*sîḥōn*": "proper noun - Sihon", "*'āḵəlâ*": "qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - it consumed", "*'ār*": "proper noun - Ar", "*mô'āḇ*": "proper noun - Moab", "*ba'ălê*": "noun masculine plural construct - lords of", "*bāmôṯ*": "noun feminine plural construct - high places of", "*'arnōn*": "proper noun - Arnon" }, "variants": { "*ba'ălê bāmôṯ*": "lords of the heights/rulers of the high places/possessors of the shrines", "*qiryaṯ sîḥōn*": "City of Sihon/Kiriath-sihon" } } 29 { "verseID": "Numbers.21.29", "source": "אוֹי־לְךָ֣ מוֹאָ֔ב אָבַ֖דְתָּ עַם־כְּמ֑וֹשׁ נָתַ֨ן בָּנָ֤יו פְּלֵיטִם֙ וּבְנֹתָ֣יו בַּשְּׁבִ֔ית לְמֶ֥לֶךְ אֱמֹרִ֖י סִיחֽוֹן׃", "text": "Woe-*'ôy*-to-you *mô'āḇ* *'āḇaḏtā* *'am*-*kəmôš* *nāṯan* *bānāw* *pəlêṭim* and-*ûḇənōṯāw* in-the-*šəḇîṯ* to-*meleḵ* *'ĕmōrî* *sîḥôn*.", "grammar": { "*'ôy*": "interjection - woe", "*mô'āḇ*": "proper noun - Moab", "*'āḇaḏtā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you have perished", "*'am*": "noun masculine singular construct - people of", "*kəmôš*": "proper noun - Chemosh", "*nāṯan*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he gave", "*bānāw*": "noun masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his sons", "*pəlêṭim*": "noun masculine plural - fugitives/escapees", "*ûḇənōṯāw*": "conjunction + noun feminine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his daughters", "*šəḇîṯ*": "definite noun feminine singular - the captivity", "*meleḵ*": "noun masculine singular construct - king of", "*'ĕmōrî*": "proper noun - Amorite", "*sîḥôn*": "proper noun - Sihon" }, "variants": { "*kəmôš*": "Chemosh (Moabite deity)", "*pəlêṭim*": "fugitives/escapees/refugees", "*šəḇîṯ*": "captivity/imprisonment" } } 30 { "verseID": "Numbers.21.30", "source": "וַנִּירָ֛ם אָבַ֥ד חֶשְׁבּ֖וֹן עַד־דִּיב֑וֹן וַנַּשִּׁ֣ים עַד־נֹ֔פַח אֲשֶׁ֖רׄ עַד־מֵֽידְבָֽא׃", "text": "And *wə-nîrām* *'āḇaḏ* *ḥešbôn* unto-*dîḇôn* and *wə-naššîm* unto-*nōp̄aḥ* which *'ăšer* unto-*mêḏəḇā*.", "grammar": { "*wə-nîrām*": "conjunctive waw + qal imperfect 1st common plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and we shot at them", "*'āḇaḏ*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - it has perished", "*ḥešbôn*": "proper noun - Heshbon", "*dîḇôn*": "proper noun - Dibon", "*wə-naššîm*": "conjunctive waw + hiphil imperfect 1st common plural - and we laid waste", "*nōp̄aḥ*": "proper noun - Nophah", "*'ăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*mêḏəḇā*": "proper noun - Medeba" }, "variants": { "*wə-nîrām*": "and we shot them/and we cast them down [text uncertain]", "*naššîm*": "we laid waste/we devastated" } } 31 { "verseID": "Numbers.21.31", "source": "וַיֵּ֙שֶׁב֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל בְּאֶ֖רֶץ הָאֱמֹרִֽי׃", "text": "And *wə-yēšeḇ* *yiśrā'ēl* in-*'ereṣ* the-*'ĕmōrî*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yēšeḇ*": "conjunctive waw + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he dwelled", "*yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*'ereṣ*": "noun feminine singular construct - land of", "*'ĕmōrî*": "definite proper noun - the Amorite" }, "variants": { "*yēšeḇ*": "dwelled/settled/lived" } } 32 { "verseID": "Numbers.21.32", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח מֹשֶׁה֙ לְרַגֵּ֣ל אֶת־יַעְזֵ֔ר וַֽיִּלְכְּד֖וּ בְּנֹתֶ֑יהָ *ויירש **וַיּ֖וֹרֶשׁ אֶת־הָאֱמֹרִ֥י אֲשֶׁר־שָֽׁם׃", "text": "And *wə-yišlaḥ* *mōšeh* *ləraggēl* *'eṯ*-*ya'zēr* and *wə-yilkəḏû* *bənōṯêhā* and *wə-yôreš* *'eṯ*-the-*'ĕmōrî* which-*'ăšer*-*šām*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yišlaḥ*": "conjunctive waw + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he sent", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ləraggēl*": "preposition + piel infinitive construct - to spy out", "*ya'zēr*": "proper noun - Jazer", "*wə-yilkəḏû*": "conjunctive waw + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they captured", "*bənōṯêhā*": "noun feminine plural + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her daughters/dependent villages", "*wə-yôreš*": "conjunctive waw + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he dispossessed", "*'ĕmōrî*": "definite proper noun - the Amorite", "*'ăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*šām*": "adverb - there" }, "variants": { "*ləraggēl*": "to spy out/to explore/to scout", "*bənōṯêhā*": "her dependent villages/her daughter towns/her surrounding settlements", "*wə-yôreš*": "dispossessed/drove out [textual variant marked in source]" } } 33 { "verseID": "Numbers.21.33", "source": "וַיִּפְנוּ֙ וַֽיַּעֲל֔וּ דֶּ֖רֶךְ הַבָּשָׁ֑ן וַיֵּצֵ֣א עוֹג֩ מֶֽלֶךְ־הַבָּשָׁ֨ן לִקְרָאתָ֜ם ה֧וּא וְכָל־עַמּ֛וֹ לַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה אֶדְרֶֽעִי׃", "text": "And *wə-yip̄nû* and *wə-ya'ălû* *dereḵ* the-*bāšān* and *wə-yēṣē'* *'ôg* *meleḵ*-the-*bāšān* to-*liqrā'ṯām* he *hû'* and-all-*'ammô* to-the-*milḥāmâ* *'eḏre'î*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yip̄nû*": "conjunctive waw + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they turned", "*wə-ya'ălû*": "conjunctive waw + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they went up", "*dereḵ*": "noun masculine singular construct - way of", "*bāšān*": "definite proper noun - the Bashan", "*wə-yēṣē'*": "conjunctive waw + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he went out", "*'ôg*": "proper noun - Og", "*meleḵ*": "noun masculine singular construct - king of", "*bāšān*": "definite proper noun - the Bashan", "*liqrā'ṯām*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to meet them", "*hû'*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he", "*'ammô*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his people", "*milḥāmâ*": "definite noun feminine singular - the battle", "*'eḏre'î*": "proper noun - Edrei" }, "variants": { "*liqrā'ṯām*": "to meet them/against them/to encounter them", "*'eḏre'î*": "Edrei (place name)" } } 34 { "verseID": "Numbers.21.34", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֤ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁה֙ אַל־תִּירָ֣א אֹת֔וֹ כִּ֣י בְיָדְךָ֞ נָתַ֧תִּי אֹת֛וֹ וְאֶת־כָּל־עַמּ֖וֹ וְאֶת־אַרְצ֑וֹ וְעָשִׂ֣יתָ לּ֔וֹ כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשִׂ֗יתָ לְסִיחֹן֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ הָֽאֱמֹרִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֥ר יוֹשֵׁ֖ב בְּחֶשְׁבּֽוֹן׃", "text": "And *wə-yō'mer* *YHWH* to-*mōšeh* not-*'al*-*tîrā'* *'ōṯô* for *kî* in-*yāḏəḵā* *nāṯattî* *'ōṯô* and-*wə'eṯ*-all-*'ammô* and-*wə'eṯ*-*'arṣô* and-*wə'āśîṯā* to-him *kə-'ăšer* *'āśîṯā* to-*sîḥōn* *meleḵ* the-*'ĕmōrî* which *'ăšer* *yôšēḇ* in-*ḥešbôn*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yō'mer*": "conjunctive waw + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*'al*": "negative particle - do not", "*tîrā'*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular jussive - fear", "*'ōṯô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*yāḏəḵā*": "noun feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your hand", "*nāṯattî*": "qal perfect 1st common singular - I have given", "*'ōṯô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*'ammô*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his people", "*'arṣô*": "noun feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his land", "*wə'āśîṯā*": "conjunctive waw + qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - and you shall do", "*kə-'ăšer*": "preposition + relative pronoun - as", "*'āśîṯā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you did", "*sîḥōn*": "proper noun - Sihon", "*meleḵ*": "noun masculine singular construct - king of", "*'ĕmōrî*": "definite proper noun - the Amorite", "*'ăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*yôšēḇ*": "qal active participle masculine singular - dwelling", "*ḥešbôn*": "proper noun - Heshbon" }, "variants": { "*'al-tîrā'*": "do not fear/do not be afraid", "*bə-yāḏəḵā*": "into your hand/into your power/into your control", "*wə'āśîṯā*": "and you shall do/and you will do [w-consecutive perfect expressing future]" } } 35 { "verseID": "Numbers.21.35", "source": "וַיַּכּ֨וּ אֹת֤וֹ וְאֶת־בָּנָיו֙ וְאֶת־כָּל־עַמּ֔וֹ עַד־בִּלְתִּ֥י הִשְׁאִֽיר־ל֖וֹ שָׂרִ֑יד וַיִּֽירְשׁ֖וּ אֶת־אַרְצֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *wə-yakkû* *'ōṯô* and-*wə'eṯ*-*bānāw* and-*wə'eṯ*-all-*'ammô* until-*'aḏ*-*biltî* *hiš'îr*-to-him *śārîḏ* and *wə-yîrəšû* *'eṯ*-*'arṣô*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yakkû*": "conjunctive waw + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they struck", "*'ōṯô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*bānāw*": "noun masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his sons", "*'ammô*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his people", "*'aḏ*": "preposition - until", "*biltî*": "conjunction - not", "*hiš'îr*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to leave remaining", "*śārîḏ*": "noun masculine singular - survivor", "*wə-yîrəšû*": "conjunctive waw + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they took possession", "*'arṣô*": "noun feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his land" }, "variants": { "*'aḏ-biltî hiš'îr-lô śārîḏ*": "until none remained to him/until no survivor was left to him", "*yîrəšû*": "took possession of/inherited/occupied" } }
• Deut 2:32-3:11 : 32 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.2.32", "source": "וַיֵּצֵא֩ סִיחֹ֨ן לִקְרָאתֵ֜נוּ ה֧וּא וְכָל־עַמּ֛וֹ לַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה יָֽהְצָה׃", "text": "*wayyêṣêʾ* *sîḥōn* *liqrāʾtênû* he and-all-*ʿammô* to-*milḥāmāh* *yāhṣāh*", "grammar": { "*wayyêṣêʾ*": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he came out", "*sîḥōn*": "proper noun - Sihon", "*liqrāʾtênû*": "preposition + verb, Qal infinitive construct + 1st person plural suffix - to meet us", "*ʿammô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his people", "*milḥāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - battle/war", "*yāhṣāh*": "proper noun - Jahaz" }, "variants": { "*wayyêṣêʾ*": "and he came out/went out/departed", "*liqrāʾtênû*": "to meet us/to encounter us/to confront us", "*milḥāmāh*": "battle/war/combat" } } 33 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.2.33", "source": "וַֽיִּתְּנֵ֛הוּ יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ לְפָנֵ֑ינוּ וַנַּ֥ךְ אֹת֛וֹ וְאֶת־*בנו **בָּנָ֖יו וְאֶת־כָּל־עַמּֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wayyittənêhû* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* before-us *wannaḵ* *ʾōtô* and-*ʾet*-*bānāyw* and-*ʾet*-all-*ʿammô*", "grammar": { "*wayyittənêhû*": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and he gave him", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 1st person plural suffix - our God", "*wannaḵ*": "conjunction + verb, Hiphil imperfect 1st person plural - and we struck", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - him", "*bānāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sons", "*ʿammô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his people" }, "variants": { "*wayyittənêhû*": "and he gave him/delivered him/handed him over", "*wannaḵ*": "and we struck/defeated/smote", "*bānāyw*": "his sons/his children/his descendants" } } 34 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.2.34", "source": "וַנִּלְכֹּ֤ד אֶת־כָּל־עָרָיו֙ בָּעֵ֣ת הַהִ֔וא וַֽנַּחֲרֵם֙ אֶת־כָּל־עִ֣יר מְתִ֔ם וְהַנָּשִׁ֖ים וְהַטָּ֑ף לֹ֥א הִשְׁאַ֖רְנוּ שָׂרִֽיד׃", "text": "*wannilkōḏ* *ʾet*-all-*ʿārāyw* in-*ʿêt* *hahîw* *wannaḥărêm* *ʾet*-all-*ʿîr* *mətim* *wə-hannāšîm* *wə-haṭṭāp̄* not *hišʾarnû* *śārîḏ*", "grammar": { "*wannilkōḏ*": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect 1st person plural - and we captured", "*ʿārāyw*": "noun, feminine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his cities", "*ʿêt*": "noun, feminine singular - time", "*hahîw*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - that", "*wannaḥărêm*": "conjunction + verb, Hiphil imperfect 1st person plural - and we utterly destroyed", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular construct - city of", "*mətim*": "noun, masculine plural - men", "*wə-hannāšîm*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, feminine plural - and the women", "*wə-haṭṭāp̄*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, masculine singular - and the children", "*hišʾarnû*": "verb, Hiphil perfect 1st person plural - we left", "*śārîḏ*": "noun, masculine singular - survivor" }, "variants": { "*wannilkōḏ*": "and we captured/seized/took", "*wannaḥărêm*": "and we utterly destroyed/devoted to destruction/put under the ban", "*ʿîr* *mətim*": "city of men/populated city/city with inhabitants", "*haṭṭāp̄*": "the children/little ones/dependents", "*hišʾarnû*": "we left/allowed to remain/let survive", "*śārîḏ*": "survivor/remnant/escapee" } } 35 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.2.35", "source": "רַ֥ק הַבְּהֵמָ֖ה בָּזַ֣זְנוּ לָ֑נוּ וּשְׁלַ֥ל הֶעָרִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר לָכָֽדְנוּ׃", "text": "*Raq* the *behēmâ* *bāzaznû* to-us, and-*šelal* the-*ʿārîm* which *lāḵādnû*.", "grammar": { "*raq*": "adverb - only/merely", "*behēmâ*": "common noun, feminine, singular - cattle/livestock", "*bāzaznû*": "verb, Qal perfect, 1st person plural - we plundered/took as spoil", "*lānû*": "preposition with 1st person plural suffix - to/for us", "*šelal*": "common noun, masculine, singular construct - spoil/plunder of", "*ʿārîm*": "common noun, feminine, plural - cities", "*lāḵādnû*": "verb, Qal perfect, 1st person plural - we captured/seized" }, "variants": { "*raq*": "only/just/but", "*behēmâ*": "cattle/livestock/animals", "*bāzaznû*": "we plundered/we took as spoil", "*šelal*": "spoil/plunder/booty", "*lāḵādnû*": "we captured/we seized/we took" } } 36 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.2.36", "source": "מֵֽעֲרֹעֵ֡ר אֲשֶׁר֩ עַל־שְׂפַת־נַ֨חַל אַרְנֹ֜ן וְהָעִ֨יר אֲשֶׁ֤ר בַּנַּ֙חַל֙ וְעַד־הַגִּלְעָ֔ד לֹ֤א הָֽיְתָה֙ קִרְיָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר שָׂגְבָ֖ה מִמֶּ֑נּוּ אֶת־הַכֹּ֕ל נָתַ֛ן יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ לְפָנֵֽינוּ׃", "text": "From-*ʿArōʿēr* which on-*śepat*-*naḥal* *ʾArnōn* and-the-*ʿîr* which in-the-*naḥal* and-until-the-*Gilʿād*, not *hāyetâ* *qiryâ* which *śāḡebâ* from-us; *ʾet*-the-all *nātan* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* to-*pānênû*.", "grammar": { "*ʿArōʿēr*": "proper noun - Aroer (place name)", "*śepat*": "common noun, feminine, singular construct - edge/bank of", "*naḥal*": "common noun, masculine, singular - stream/valley", "*ʾArnōn*": "proper noun - Arnon (place name)", "*ʿîr*": "common noun, feminine, singular - city", "*Gilʿād*": "proper noun - Gilead (place name)", "*hāyetâ*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she/it was", "*qiryâ*": "common noun, feminine, singular - city/town", "*śāḡebâ*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - was too strong/too high", "*nātan*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he gave", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "common noun with 1st person plural suffix - our God", "*pānênû*": "common noun, plural construct with 1st person plural suffix - our faces/before us" }, "variants": { "*śepat*": "edge/bank/shore", "*naḥal*": "stream/valley/wadi", "*hāyetâ*": "was/existed/happened", "*qiryâ*": "city/town/settlement", "*śāḡebâ*": "was too high/was too strong/was inaccessible", "*nātan*": "gave/delivered/handed over", "*pānênû*": "before us/in our presence/in front of us" } } 37 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.2.37", "source": "רַ֛ק אֶל־אֶ֥רֶץ בְּנֵי־עַמּ֖וֹן לֹ֣א קָרָ֑בְתָּ כָּל־יַ֞ד נַ֤חַל יַבֹּק֙ וְעָרֵ֣י הָהָ֔ר וְכֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֖ה יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ׃", "text": "*Raq* to-*ʾereṣ* *benê*-*ʿAmmôn* not *qārābtā*; all-*yad* *naḥal* *Yabbōq* and-*ʿārê* the-*hār* and-all which-*ṣiwwâ* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû*.", "grammar": { "*raq*": "adverb - only/just/but", "*ʾereṣ*": "common noun, feminine, singular construct - land of", "*benê*": "common noun, masculine, plural construct - sons of", "*ʿAmmôn*": "proper noun - Ammon (place/people name)", "*qārābtā*": "verb, Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you approached/came near", "*yad*": "common noun, feminine, singular construct - side/bank of", "*naḥal*": "common noun, masculine, singular - stream/valley", "*Yabbōq*": "proper noun - Jabbok (place name)", "*ʿārê*": "common noun, feminine, plural construct - cities of", "*hār*": "common noun, masculine, singular - mountain/hill country", "*ṣiwwâ*": "verb, Piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he commanded", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "common noun with 1st person plural suffix - our God" }, "variants": { "*raq*": "only/but/except", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/territory/country", "*benê*": "sons/children/descendants", "*qārābtā*": "you approached/you came near/you drew near", "*yad*": "side/bank/territory", "*naḥal*": "stream/wadi/valley", "*ʿārê*": "cities/towns/settlements", "*hār*": "mountain/hill country/highlands", "*ṣiwwâ*": "commanded/ordered/instructed" } } 1 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.3.1", "source": "וַנֵּ֣פֶן וַנַּ֔עַל דֶּ֖רֶךְ הַבָּשָׁ֑ן וַיֵּצֵ֣א עוֹג֩ מֶֽלֶךְ־הַבָּשָׁ֨ן לִקְרָאתֵ֜נוּ ה֧וּא וְכָל־עַמּ֛וֹ לַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה אֶדְרֶֽעִי׃", "text": "And-*wə-nēpen* and-*wə-naʿal* way *derek* the-*Bāšān*; and-*wə-yēṣēʾ* *ʿÔg* king-of-the-*Bāšān* to-*liqrāʾtēnû* he and-all-*wə-kol-ʿammô* to-the-battle *lammilḥāmâ* *ʾEdreʿî*.", "grammar": { "*wə-nēpen*": "waw consecutive + verb, qal imperfect, 1st person plural - and we turned", "*wə-naʿal*": "waw consecutive + verb, qal imperfect, 1st person plural - and we went up", "*derek*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - way/road of", "*Bāšān*": "proper noun, geographic location - Bashan", "*wə-yēṣēʾ*": "waw consecutive + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he came out", "*ʿÔg*": "proper noun, personal name - Og", "*liqrāʾtēnû*": "preposition + infinitive construct + 1st person plural suffix - to meet us", "*wə-kol-ʿammô*": "conjunction + noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and all his people", "*lammilḥāmâ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - to/for the battle", "*ʾEdreʿî*": "proper noun, geographic location - Edrei" }, "variants": { "*nēpen*": "turn/turn aside/face towards", "*naʿal*": "go up/ascend/climb", "*derek*": "way/road/journey/direction", "*yēṣēʾ*": "go out/come out/proceed/appear" } } 2 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.3.2", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֤ה אֵלַי֙ אַל־תִּירָ֣א אֹת֔וֹ כִּ֣י בְיָדְךָ֞ נָתַ֧תִּי אֹת֛וֹ וְאֶת־כָּל־עַמּ֖וֹ וְאֶת־אַרְצ֑וֹ וְעָשִׂ֣יתָ לּ֔וֹ כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשִׂ֗יתָ לְסִיחֹן֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ הָֽאֱמֹרִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֥ר יוֹשֵׁ֖ב בְּחֶשְׁבּֽוֹן׃", "text": "And-*wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* to-me do-not-*ʾal-tîrāʾ* him, for in-hand-your *kî bəyādəkā* I-have-given *nātattî* him and-*wə-ʾet*-all-*kol*-people-his *ʿammô* and-*wə-ʾet*-land-his *ʾarṣô*; and-you-shall-do *wəʿāśîtā* to-him as *kaʾăšer* you-did *ʿāśîtā* to-*Sîḥōn* king-of the-*hāʾĕmōrî* who *ʾăšer* dwells *yôšēb* in-*Ḥešbôn*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾal-tîrāʾ*": "negative particle + verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - do not fear", "*kî bəyādəkā*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - for in your hand", "*nātattî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have given", "*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker - and (accusative)", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*ʿammô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his people", "*ʾarṣô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his land", "*wəʿāśîtā*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you shall do", "*kaʾăšer*": "preposition + relative particle - according to what/as", "*ʿāśîtā*": "verb, qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you did", "*Sîḥōn*": "proper noun, personal name - Sihon", "*hāʾĕmōrî*": "definite article + proper noun, gentilic - the Amorite", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who/which/that", "*yôšēb*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - dwelling/sitting", "*Ḥešbôn*": "proper noun, geographic location - Heshbon" }, "variants": { "*tîrāʾ*": "fear/be afraid/be in awe", "*nātattî*": "give/put/set/place/appoint", "*ʿāśîtā*": "do/make/produce/act", "*yôšēb*": "sit/dwell/remain/inhabit" } } 3 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.3.3", "source": "וַיִּתֵּן֩ יְהוָ֨ה אֱלֹהֵ֜ינוּ בְּיָדֵ֗נוּ גַּ֛ם אֶת־ע֥וֹג מֶֽלֶךְ־הַבָּשָׁ֖ן וְאֶת־כָּל־עַמּ֑וֹ וַנַּכֵּ֕הוּ עַד־בִּלְתִּ֥י הִשְׁאִֽיר־ל֖וֹ שָׂרִֽיד׃", "text": "And-*wayyittēn* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* in-hand-our *bəyādēnû* also *gam* *ʾet*-*ʿÔg* king-of-the-*Bāšān* and-*wə-ʾet*-all-*kol*-people-his *ʿammô*; and-we-struck-him *wannakkēhû* until-not *ʿad-biltî* leaving-*hišʾîr*-to-him *lô* survivor *śārîd*.", "grammar": { "*wayyittēn*": "waw consecutive + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he gave", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st person plural suffix - our God", "*bəyādēnû*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular + 1st person plural suffix - in our hand", "*gam*": "adverb - also/even", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker - (accusative)", "*ʿÔg*": "proper noun, personal name - Og", "*Bāšān*": "proper noun, geographic location - Bashan", "*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker - and (accusative)", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*ʿammô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his people", "*wannakkēhû*": "waw consecutive + verb, hiphil imperfect, 1st person plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and we struck him", "*ʿad-biltî*": "preposition + negative particle - until not", "*hišʾîr*": "verb, hiphil infinitive construct - to leave/remain", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to him", "*śārîd*": "noun, masculine singular - survivor/remnant" }, "variants": { "*wayyittēn*": "give/deliver/place/set", "*wannakkēhû*": "strike/hit/beat/smite/defeat", "*hišʾîr*": "leave/remain/leave over" } } 4 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.3.4", "source": "וַנִּלְכֹּ֤ד אֶת־כָּל־עָרָיו֙ בָּעֵ֣ת הַהִ֔וא לֹ֤א הָֽיְתָה֙ קִרְיָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־לָקַ֖חְנוּ מֵֽאִתָּ֑ם שִׁשִּׁ֥ים עִיר֙ כָּל־חֶ֣בֶל אַרְגֹּ֔ב מַמְלֶ֥כֶת ע֖וֹג בַּבָּשָֽׁן׃", "text": "And-we-captured *wannilkōd* *ʾet*-all-*kol*-cities-his *ʿārāyw* in-the-time *bāʿēt* the-that *hahiw*, not *lōʾ* was *hāyətâ* city *qiryâ* which *ʾăšer* not-*lōʾ*-we-took *lāqaḥnû* from-them *mēʾittām*; sixty *šiššîm* city *ʿîr* all-*kol*-region-of *ḥebel* *ʾArgōb*, kingdom-of *mamləket* *ʿÔg* in-the-*Bāšān*.", "grammar": { "*wannilkōd*": "waw consecutive + verb, qal imperfect, 1st person plural - and we captured", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker - (accusative)", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*ʿārāyw*": "noun, feminine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his cities", "*bāʿēt*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - in the time", "*hahiw*": "definite article + pronoun, feminine singular - that", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*hāyətâ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she was/there was", "*qiryâ*": "noun, feminine singular - city/town", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which/that", "*lāqaḥnû*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person plural - we took", "*mēʾittām*": "preposition + direct object marker + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from them", "*šiššîm*": "number, cardinal - sixty", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular - city", "*ḥebel*": "noun, masculine singular construct - region/district of", "*ʾArgōb*": "proper noun, geographic location - Argob", "*mamləket*": "noun, feminine singular construct - kingdom of", "*ʿÔg*": "proper noun, personal name - Og", "*Bāšān*": "proper noun, geographic location with definite article - the Bashan" }, "variants": { "*wannilkōd*": "capture/seize/take", "*ʿārāyw*": "cities/towns/settlements", "*qiryâ*": "city/town", "*lāqaḥnû*": "take/get/fetch/seize", "*ḥebel*": "region/district/territory/portion" } } 5 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.3.5", "source": "כָּל־אֵ֜לֶּה עָרִ֧ים בְּצֻר֛וֹת חוֹמָ֥ה גְבֹהָ֖ה דְּלָתַ֣יִם וּבְרִ֑יחַ לְבַ֛ד מֵעָרֵ֥י הַפְּרָזִ֖י הַרְבֵּ֥ה מְאֹֽד׃", "text": "All-*kol*-these *ʾēlleh* cities *ʿārîm* fortified *bəṣūrôt* wall *ḥômâ* high *gəbōhâ*, doors *dəlātayim* and-bar *ûbərîaḥ*; besides *ləbad* from-cities-of *mēʿārê* the-*happərāzî* the-many *harbēh* very *məʾōd*.", "grammar": { "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, common plural - these", "*ʿārîm*": "noun, feminine plural - cities", "*bəṣūrôt*": "adjective, feminine plural - fortified/walled", "*ḥômâ*": "noun, feminine singular - wall", "*gəbōhâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - high", "*dəlātayim*": "noun, feminine dual - double doors/gates", "*ûbərîaḥ*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and bar/bolt", "*ləbad*": "preposition - besides/apart from", "*mēʿārê*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural construct - from cities of", "*happərāzî*": "definite article + adjective, masculine singular - the rural/open/unwalled", "*harbēh*": "definite article + adjective, feminine singular - the many/numerous", "*məʾōd*": "adverb - very/exceedingly" }, "variants": { "*bəṣūrôt*": "fortified/walled/inaccessible", "*dəlātayim*": "double doors/gates/entrances", "*bərîaḥ*": "bar/bolt/crossbeam (for securing a gate)", "*pərāzî*": "rural/unwalled/open country dweller" } } 6 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.3.6", "source": "וַנַּחֲרֵ֣ם אוֹתָ֔ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשִׂ֔ינוּ לְסִיחֹ֖ן מֶ֣לֶךְ חֶשְׁבּ֑וֹן הַחֲרֵם֙ כָּל־עִ֣יר מְתִ֔ם הַנָּשִׁ֖ים וְהַטָּֽף׃", "text": "And-we-utterly-destroyed *wannaḥărēm* them *ʾôtām*, as *kaʾăšer* we-did *ʿāśînû* to-*Sîḥōn* king-of *melek* *Ḥešbôn*; utterly-destroying *haḥărēm* all-*kol*-city *ʿîr* men *mətim*, the-women *hannāšîm* and-the-children *wəhaṭṭāp*.", "grammar": { "*wannaḥărēm*": "waw consecutive + verb, hiphil imperfect, 1st person plural - and we utterly destroyed/devoted to destruction", "*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them", "*kaʾăšer*": "preposition + relative particle - according to what/as", "*ʿāśînû*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person plural - we did", "*Sîḥōn*": "proper noun, personal name - Sihon", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*Ḥešbôn*": "proper noun, geographic location - Heshbon", "*haḥărēm*": "infinitive absolute, hiphil - utterly destroying/devoting to destruction", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular - city", "*mətim*": "noun, masculine plural - men", "*hannāšîm*": "definite article + noun, feminine plural - the women", "*wəhaṭṭāp*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, masculine singular collective - and the children" }, "variants": { "*wannaḥărēm*": "utterly destroy/devote to destruction/ban", "*haḥărēm*": "utterly destroy/devote to destruction/ban", "*mətim*": "men/males/people", "*ṭāp*": "children/little ones/families" } } 7 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.3.7", "source": "וְכָל־הַבְּהֵמָ֛ה וּשְׁלַ֥ל הֶעָרִ֖ים בַּזּ֥וֹנוּ לָֽנוּ׃", "text": "And-all-*wəkol*-the-*habbəhēmâ* and-spoil-of *ûšəlal* the-cities *heʿārîm* we-plundered *bazzônû* for-ourselves *lānû*.", "grammar": { "*wəkol*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and all of", "*habbəhēmâ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular collective - the cattle/livestock", "*ûšəlal*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and spoil of", "*heʿārîm*": "definite article + noun, feminine plural - the cities", "*bazzônû*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person plural - we plundered/took as spoil", "*lānû*": "preposition + 1st person plural suffix - to/for ourselves" }, "variants": { "*bəhēmâ*": "cattle/livestock/animals", "*šəlal*": "spoil/plunder/booty", "*bazzônû*": "plunder/take as spoil/loot" } } 8 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.3.8", "source": "וַנִּקַּ֞ח בָּעֵ֤ת הַהִוא֙ אֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ מִיַּ֗ד שְׁנֵי֙ מַלְכֵ֣י הָאֱמֹרִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּעֵ֣בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן מִנַּ֥חַל אַרְנֹ֖ן עַד־הַ֥ר חֶרְמֽוֹן׃", "text": "And-we-took *wanniqqaḥ* in-the-time *bāʿēt* the-that *hahiw* *ʾet*-the-land *hāʾāreṣ* from-hand-of *miyyad* two *šənê* kings-of *malkê* the-*hāʾĕmōrî* who *ʾăšer* in-across *bəʿēber* the-*haYardēn*; from-brook-of *minnaḥal* *ʾArnōn* unto-*ʿad*-mountain-of *har* *Ḥermôn*.", "grammar": { "*wanniqqaḥ*": "waw consecutive + verb, qal imperfect, 1st person plural - and we took", "*bāʿēt*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - in the time", "*hahiw*": "definite article + pronoun, feminine singular - that", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker - (accusative)", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land", "*miyyad*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - from hand of", "*šənê*": "number, construct - two of", "*malkê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - kings of", "*hāʾĕmōrî*": "definite article + proper noun, gentilic - the Amorite", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who/which/that", "*bəʿēber*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in the region across", "*haYardēn*": "definite article + proper noun - the Jordan", "*minnaḥal*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from the brook/valley of", "*ʾArnōn*": "proper noun, geographic location - Arnon", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until/unto", "*har*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mountain of", "*Ḥermôn*": "proper noun, geographic location - Hermon" }, "variants": { "*wanniqqaḥ*": "take/get/fetch/seize", "*ʿēber*": "region across/side/beyond", "*naḥal*": "brook/valley/wadi" } } 9 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.3.9", "source": "צִידֹנִ֛ים יִקְרְא֥וּ לְחֶרְמ֖וֹן שִׂרְיֹ֑ן וְהָ֣אֱמֹרִ֔י יִקְרְאוּ־ל֖וֹ שְׂנִֽיר׃", "text": "*Ṣîdōnîm* call *yiqrəʾû* to-*Ḥermôn* *Śiryōn*, and-the-*wəhāʾĕmōrî* call-*yiqrəʾû*-to-it *lô* *Śənîr*.", "grammar": { "*Ṣîdōnîm*": "proper noun, gentilic, masculine plural - Sidonians", "*yiqrəʾû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they call", "*Ḥermôn*": "proper noun, geographic location - Hermon", "*Śiryōn*": "proper noun, geographic location - Sirion", "*wəhāʾĕmōrî*": "conjunction + definite article + proper noun, gentilic - and the Amorite", "*yiqrəʾû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they call", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to it", "*Śənîr*": "proper noun, geographic location - Senir" }, "variants": { "*yiqrəʾû*": "call/name/proclaim/read" } } 10 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.3.10", "source": "כֹּ֣ל ׀ עָרֵ֣י הַמִּישֹׁ֗ר וְכָל־הַגִּלְעָד֙ וְכָל־הַבָּשָׁ֔ן עַד־סַלְכָ֖ה וְאֶדְרֶ֑עִי עָרֵ֛י מַמְלֶ֥כֶת ע֖וֹג בַּבָּשָֽׁן׃", "text": "All-*kōl* cities-of *ʿārê* the-*hammîšōr* and-all-*wəkol*-the-*haGilʿād* and-all-*wəkol*-the-*haBāšān* unto-*ʿad*-*Salkâ* and-*wə*-*ʾEdreʿî*, cities-of *ʿārê* kingdom-of *mamləket* *ʿÔg* in-the-*baBāšān*.", "grammar": { "*kōl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*ʿārê*": "noun, feminine plural construct - cities of", "*hammîšōr*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the plain/tableland", "*wəkol*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and all of", "*haGilʿād*": "definite article + proper noun, geographic location - the Gilead", "*haBāšān*": "definite article + proper noun, geographic location - the Bashan", "*ʿad*": "preposition - unto/until", "*Salkâ*": "proper noun, geographic location - Salcah", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾEdreʿî*": "proper noun, geographic location - Edrei", "*ʿārê*": "noun, feminine plural construct - cities of", "*mamləket*": "noun, feminine singular construct - kingdom of", "*ʿÔg*": "proper noun, personal name - Og", "*baBāšān*": "preposition + definite article + proper noun, geographic location - in the Bashan" }, "variants": { "*mîšōr*": "plain/tableland/level country" } } 11 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.3.11", "source": "כִּ֣י רַק־ע֞וֹג מֶ֣לֶךְ הַבָּשָׁ֗ן נִשְׁאַר֮ מִיֶּ֣תֶר הָרְפָאִים֒ הִנֵּ֤ה עַרְשׂוֹ֙ עֶ֣רֶשׂ בַּרְזֶ֔ל הֲלֹ֣ה הִ֔וא בְּרַבַּ֖ת בְּנֵ֣י עַמּ֑וֹן תֵּ֧שַׁע אַמּ֣וֹת אָרְכָּ֗הּ וְאַרְבַּ֥ע אַמּ֛וֹת רָחְבָּ֖הּ בְּאַמַּת־אִֽישׁ׃", "text": "For *kî* only-*raq*-*ʿÔg* king-of *melek* the-*haBāšān* remained *nišʾar* from-remnant-of *miyyeter* the-*hārəpāʾîm*. Behold *hinnēh* bed-his *ʿarśô* bed-of *ʿereś* iron *barzel*, is-not *hălōh* it *hiwʾ* in-*Rabbat* sons-of *bənê* *ʿAmmôn*? Nine *tēšaʿ* cubits *ʾammôt* length-its *ʾorkāh* and-four *wəʾarbaʿ* cubits *ʾammôt* width-its *roḥbāh* by-cubit-of *bəʾammat*-man *ʾîš*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*raq*": "adverb - only/surely", "*ʿÔg*": "proper noun, personal name - Og", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*haBāšān*": "definite article + proper noun, geographic location - the Bashan", "*nišʾar*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he remained/was left", "*miyyeter*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from remnant of", "*hārəpāʾîm*": "definite article + proper noun, masculine plural - the Rephaim (giants)", "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/look", "*ʿarśô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his bed", "*ʿereś*": "noun, feminine singular construct - bed of", "*barzel*": "noun, masculine singular - iron", "*hălōh*": "interrogative particle + negative particle - is it not", "*hiwʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd person feminine singular - it/she", "*Rabbat*": "proper noun, geographic location construct - Rabbah of", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*ʿAmmôn*": "proper noun, geographic/ethnic - Ammon", "*tēšaʿ*": "number, cardinal - nine", "*ʾammôt*": "noun, feminine plural - cubits", "*ʾorkāh*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - its length", "*wəʾarbaʿ*": "conjunction + number, cardinal - and four", "*roḥbāh*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - its width", "*bəʾammat*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - by cubit of", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man" }, "variants": { "*rəpāʾîm*": "Rephaim/giants/shades/dead ones", "*ʿereś*": "bed/couch/resting place/sarcophagus", "*barzel*": "iron/iron implement" } }
• 1 Chr 1:38-54 : 38 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.1.38", "source": "וּבְנֵ֣י שֵׂעִ֔יר לוֹטָ֥ן וְשׁוֹבָ֖ל וְצִבְע֣וֹן וֽ͏ַעֲנָ֑ה וְדִישֹׁ֥ן וְאֵ֖צֶר וְדִישָֽׁן׃", "text": "*û-bənê* *Śēʿîr* *Lôṭān* *wə-Šôbāl* *wə-Ṣibʿôn* *wa-ʿĂnâ* *wə-Dîšōn* *wə-ʾĒṣer* *wə-Dîšān*", "grammar": { "*û-bənê*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, plural construct - and sons of", "*Śēʿîr*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Seir", "*Lôṭān*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Lotan", "*wə-Šôbāl*": "conjunction + proper noun, masculine, singular - and Shobal", "*wə-Ṣibʿôn*": "conjunction + proper noun, masculine, singular - and Zibeon", "*wa-ʿĂnâ*": "conjunction + proper noun, masculine, singular - and Anah", "*wə-Dîšōn*": "conjunction + proper noun, masculine, singular - and Dishon", "*wə-ʾĒṣer*": "conjunction + proper noun, masculine, singular - and Ezer", "*wə-Dîšān*": "conjunction + proper noun, masculine, singular - and Dishan" }, "variants": { "*û-bənê*": "and sons of/and descendants of" } } 39 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.1.39", "source": "וּבְנֵ֥י לוֹטָ֖ן חֹרִ֣י וְהוֹמָ֑ם וַאֲח֥וֹת לוֹטָ֖ן תִּמְנָֽע׃ ס", "text": "*û-bənê* *Lôṭān* *Ḥōrî* *wə-Hômām* *wa-ʾăḥôt* *Lôṭān* *Timnāʿ*", "grammar": { "*û-bənê*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, plural construct - and sons of", "*Lôṭān*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Lotan", "*Ḥōrî*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Hori", "*wə-Hômām*": "conjunction + proper noun, masculine, singular - and Homam", "*wa-ʾăḥôt*": "conjunction + noun, feminine, singular construct - and sister of", "*Lôṭān*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Lotan", "*Timnāʿ*": "proper noun, feminine, singular - Timna", "ס": "paragraph marker" }, "variants": { "*û-bənê*": "and sons of/and descendants of", "*wa-ʾăḥôt*": "and sister of/and female relative of" } } 40 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.1.40", "source": "בְּנֵ֣י שׁוֹבָ֔ל עַלְיָ֧ן וּמָנַ֛חַת וְעֵיבָ֖ל שְׁפִ֣י וְאוֹנָ֑ם ס וּבְנֵ֥י צִבְע֖וֹן אַיָּ֥ה וַעֲנָֽה׃", "text": "*bənê* *Šôbāl* *ʿAlyān* *û-Mānaḥat* *wə-ʿÊbāl* *Šəpî* *wə-ʾÔnām* *û-bənê* *Ṣibʿôn* *ʾAyyâ* *wa-ʿĂnâ*", "grammar": { "*bənê*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - sons of", "*Šôbāl*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Shobal", "*ʿAlyān*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Alyan", "*û-Mānaḥat*": "conjunction + proper noun, masculine, singular - and Manahath", "*wə-ʿÊbāl*": "conjunction + proper noun, masculine, singular - and Ebal", "*Šəpî*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Shephi", "*wə-ʾÔnām*": "conjunction + proper noun, masculine, singular - and Onam", "*û-bənê*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, plural construct - and sons of", "*Ṣibʿôn*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Zibeon", "*ʾAyyâ*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Aiah", "*wa-ʿĂnâ*": "conjunction + proper noun, masculine, singular - and Anah" }, "variants": { "*bənê*": "sons of/descendants of", "*û-bənê*": "and sons of/and descendants of" } } 41 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.1.41", "source": "בְּנֵ֥י עֲנָ֖ה דִּישׁ֑וֹן ס וּבְנֵ֣י דִישׁ֔וֹן חַמְרָ֥ן וְאֶשְׁבָּ֖ן וְיִתְרָ֥ן וּכְרָֽן׃ ס", "text": "*bənê* *ʿĂnâ* *Dîšôn* *û-bənê* *Dîšôn* *Ḥamrān* *wə-ʾEšbān* *wə-Yitrān* *û-Kərān*", "grammar": { "*bənê*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - sons of", "*ʿĂnâ*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Anah", "*Dîšôn*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Dishon", "*û-bənê*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, plural construct - and sons of", "*Dîšôn*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Dishon", "*Ḥamrān*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Hamran", "*wə-ʾEšbān*": "conjunction + proper noun, masculine, singular - and Eshban", "*wə-Yitrān*": "conjunction + proper noun, masculine, singular - and Ithran", "*û-Kərān*": "conjunction + proper noun, masculine, singular - and Cheran", "ס": "paragraph marker" }, "variants": { "*bənê*": "sons of/descendants of", "*û-bənê*": "and sons of/and descendants of" } } 42 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.1.42", "source": "בְּֽנֵי־אֵ֔צֶר בִּלְהָ֥ן וְזַעֲוָ֖ן יַעֲקָ֑ן בְּנֵ֥י דִישׁ֖וֹן ע֥וּץ וַאֲרָֽן׃ פ", "text": "*bənê-ʾĒṣer* *Bilhān* *wə-Zaʿăwān* *Yaʿăqān* *bənê* *Dîšôn* *ʿÛṣ* *wa-ʾĂrān*", "grammar": { "*bənê-ʾĒṣer*": "noun, masculine, plural construct + proper noun, masculine, singular - sons of Ezer", "*Bilhān*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Bilhan", "*wə-Zaʿăwān*": "conjunction + proper noun, masculine, singular - and Zaavan", "*Yaʿăqān*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Jaakan", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - sons of", "*Dîšôn*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Dishon", "*ʿÛṣ*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Uz", "*wa-ʾĂrān*": "conjunction + proper noun, masculine, singular - and Aran", "פ": "major paragraph marker" }, "variants": { "*bənê*": "sons of/descendants of" } } 43 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.1.43", "source": "וְאֵ֣לֶּה הַמְּלָכִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר מָלְכוּ֙ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ אֱד֔וֹם לִפְנֵ֥י מְלָךְ־מֶ֖לֶךְ לִבְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל בֶּ֚לַע בֶּן־בְּע֔וֹר וְשֵׁ֥ם עִיר֖וֹ דִּנְהָֽבָה׃", "text": "*wə-ʾēlleh* *ha-mməlākîm* *ʾăšer* *mālkû* *bə-ʾereṣ* *ʾĔdôm* *li-pnê* *məlāk-melek* *li-bnê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *Belaʿ* *ben-Bəʿôr* *wə-šēm* *ʿîrô* *Dinhābâ*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾēlleh*": "conjunction + demonstrative pronoun, common, plural - and these", "*ha-mməlākîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine, plural - the kings", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who", "*mālkû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - reigned", "*bə-ʾereṣ*": "preposition + noun, feminine, singular construct - in the land of", "*ʾĔdôm*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Edom", "*li-pnê*": "preposition + noun, masculine, plural construct - before", "*məlāk-melek*": "verb, qal infinitive construct + noun, masculine, singular - reigning of king", "*li-bnê*": "preposition + noun, masculine, plural construct - for sons of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Israel", "*Belaʿ*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Bela", "*ben-Bəʿôr*": "noun, masculine, singular construct + proper noun, masculine, singular - son of Beor", "*wə-šēm*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, singular construct - and name of", "*ʿîrô*": "noun, feminine, singular construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his city", "*Dinhābâ*": "proper noun, feminine, singular - Dinhabah" }, "variants": { "*li-pnê*": "before/prior to", "*məlāk-melek*": "a king reigned/there reigning a king", "*li-bnê*": "for sons of/for descendants of/over sons of" } } 44 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.1.44", "source": "וַיָּ֖מָת בָּ֑לַע וַיִּמְלֹ֣ךְ תַּחְתָּ֔יו יוֹבָ֥ב בֶּן־זֶ֖רַח מִבָּצְרָֽה׃", "text": "*wa-yāmāt* *Bālaʿ* *wa-yimlōk* *taḥtāyw* *Yôbāb* *ben-Zeraḥ* *mi-Boṣrâ*", "grammar": { "*wa-yāmāt*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and died", "*Bālaʿ*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Bela", "*wa-yimlōk*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and reigned", "*taḥtāyw*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his place", "*Yôbāb*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Jobab", "*ben-Zeraḥ*": "noun, masculine, singular construct + proper noun, masculine, singular - son of Zerah", "*mi-Boṣrâ*": "preposition + proper noun, feminine, singular - from Bozrah" }, "variants": { "*taḥtāyw*": "in his place/instead of him/as his successor" } } 45 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.1.45", "source": "וַיָּ֖מָת יוֹבָ֑ב וַיִּמְלֹ֣ךְ תַּחְתָּ֔יו חוּשָׁ֖ם מֵאֶ֥רֶץ הַתֵּימָנִֽי׃", "text": "*wa-yāmāt* *Yôbāb* *wa-yimlōk* *taḥtāyw* *Ḥûšām* *mē-ʾereṣ* *ha-Têmānî*", "grammar": { "*wa-yāmāt*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and died", "*Yôbāb*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Jobab", "*wa-yimlōk*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and reigned", "*taḥtāyw*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his place", "*Ḥûšām*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Husham", "*mē-ʾereṣ*": "preposition + noun, feminine, singular construct - from the land of", "*ha-Têmānî*": "definite article + proper noun, masculine, singular/gentilic - the Temanite" }, "variants": { "*taḥtāyw*": "in his place/instead of him/as his successor", "*mē-ʾereṣ* *ha-Têmānî*": "from the land of the Temanites/from the south country" } } 46 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.1.46", "source": "וַיָּ֖מָת חוּשָׁ֑ם וַיִּמְלֹ֨ךְ תַּחְתָּ֜יו הֲדַ֣ד בֶּן־בְּדַ֗ד הַמַּכֶּ֤ה אֶת־מִדְיָן֙ בִּשְׂדֵ֣ה מוֹאָ֔ב וְשֵׁ֥ם עִיר֖וֹ *עיות **עֲוִֽית׃", "text": "*wa-yāmāt* *Ḥûšām* *wa-yimlōk* *taḥtāyw* *Hădad* *ben-Bədad* *ha-makkeh* *ʾet-Midyān* *bi-śdēh* *Môʾāb* *wə-šēm* *ʿîrô* *ʿĂwît*", "grammar": { "*wa-yāmāt*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and died", "*Ḥûšām*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Husham", "*wa-yimlōk*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and reigned", "*taḥtāyw*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his place", "*Hădad*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Hadad", "*ben-Bədad*": "noun, masculine, singular construct + proper noun, masculine, singular - son of Bedad", "*ha-makkeh*": "definite article + verb, hiphil participle, masculine singular - the one who defeated", "*ʾet-Midyān*": "direct object marker + proper noun, masculine, singular - Midian", "*bi-śdēh*": "preposition + noun, masculine, singular construct - in the field of", "*Môʾāb*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Moab", "*wə-šēm*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, singular construct - and name of", "*ʿîrô*": "noun, feminine, singular construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his city", "*ʿĂwît*": "proper noun, feminine, singular - Avith" }, "variants": { "*taḥtāyw*": "in his place/instead of him/as his successor", "*ha-makkeh*": "who defeated/who struck/who conquered", "*bi-śdēh*": "in the field of/in the territory of/in the country of", "*ʿĂwît*": "Avith (the verse shows textual variants: ketiv *עיות* and qere *עֲוִֽית*)" } } 47 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.1.47", "source": "וַיָּ֖מָת הֲדָ֑ד וַיִּמְלֹ֣ךְ תַּחְתָּ֔יו שַׂמְלָ֖ה מִמַּשְׂרֵקָֽה׃", "text": "*wa-yāmāt* *Hădād* *wa-yimlōk* *taḥtāyw* *Śamlâ* *mi-Maśrēqâ*", "grammar": { "*wa-yāmāt*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and died", "*Hădād*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Hadad", "*wa-yimlōk*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and reigned", "*taḥtāyw*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his place", "*Śamlâ*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Samlah", "*mi-Maśrēqâ*": "preposition + proper noun, feminine, singular - from Masrekah" }, "variants": { "*taḥtāyw*": "in his place/instead of him/as his successor" } } 48 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.1.48", "source": "וַיָּ֖מָת שַׂמְלָ֑ה וַיִּמְלֹ֣ךְ תַּחְתָּ֔יו שָׁא֖וּל מֵרְחֹב֥וֹת הַנָּהָֽר׃", "text": "*wa-yāmāt* *Śamlâ* *wa-yimlōk* *taḥtāyw* *Šāʾûl* *mē-Rəḥōbôt* *ha-nāhār*", "grammar": { "*wa-yāmāt*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and died", "*Śamlâ*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Samlah", "*wa-yimlōk*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and reigned", "*taḥtāyw*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his place", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Saul", "*mē-Rəḥōbôt*": "preposition + proper noun, feminine, plural - from Rehoboth", "*ha-nāhār*": "definite article + noun, masculine, singular - the River" }, "variants": { "*taḥtāyw*": "in his place/instead of him/as his successor", "*ha-nāhār*": "the River (likely referring to the Euphrates)" } } 49 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.1.49", "source": "וַיָּ֖מָת שָׁא֑וּל וַיִּמְלֹ֣ךְ תַּחְתָּ֔יו בַּ֥עַל חָנָ֖ן בֶּן־עַכְבּֽוֹר׃", "text": "*wa-yāmāt* *Šāʾûl* *wa-yimlōk* *taḥtāyw* *Baʿal* *Ḥānān* *ben-ʿAkbôr*", "grammar": { "*wa-yāmāt*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and died", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Saul", "*wa-yimlōk*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and reigned", "*taḥtāyw*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his place", "*Baʿal* *Ḥānān*": "proper noun, masculine, compound - Baal-hanan", "*ben-ʿAkbôr*": "noun, masculine, singular construct + proper noun, masculine, singular - son of Achbor" }, "variants": { "*taḥtāyw*": "in his place/instead of him/as his successor", "*Baʿal* *Ḥānān*": "Baal-hanan (meaning 'Baal is gracious')" } } 50 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.1.50", "source": "וַיָּ֙מָת֙ בַּ֣עַל חָנָ֔ן וַיִּמְלֹ֤ךְ תַּחְתָּיו֙ הֲדַ֔ד וְשֵׁ֥ם עִיר֖וֹ פָּ֑עִי וְשֵׁ֨ם אִשְׁתּ֤וֹ מְהֵיטַבְאֵל֙ בַּת־מַטְרֵ֔ד בַּ֖ת מֵ֥י זָהָֽב׃", "text": "*wa-yāmot* *Baʿal* *Ḥānān* *wa-yimlōk* *taḥtāyw* *Hădad* *wə-šēm* *ʿîrô* *Pāʿî* *wə-šēm* *ʾištô* *Məhêṭabʾēl* *bat-Maṭrēd* *bat* *Mê* *Zāhāb*", "grammar": { "*wa-yāmot*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and died", "*Baʿal* *Ḥānān*": "proper noun, masculine, compound - Baal-hanan", "*wa-yimlōk*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and reigned", "*taḥtāyw*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his place", "*Hădad*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Hadad", "*wə-šēm*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, singular construct - and name of", "*ʿîrô*": "noun, feminine, singular construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his city", "*Pāʿî*": "proper noun, feminine, singular - Pai", "*wə-šēm*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, singular construct - and name of", "*ʾištô*": "noun, feminine, singular construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his wife", "*Məhêṭabʾēl*": "proper noun, feminine, singular - Mehetabel", "*bat-Maṭrēd*": "noun, feminine, singular construct + proper noun, feminine, singular - daughter of Matred", "*bat*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - daughter of", "*Mê* *Zāhāb*": "proper noun, compound - Me-zahab" }, "variants": { "*taḥtāyw*": "in his place/instead of him/as his successor", "*Mê* *Zāhāb*": "Me-zahab (meaning 'waters of gold')" } } 51 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.1.51", "source": "וַיָּ֖מָת הֲדָ֑ד ס וַיִּהְיוּ֙ אַלּוּפֵ֣י אֱד֔וֹם אַלּ֥וּף תִּמְנָ֛ע אַלּ֥וּף *עליה **עַֽלְוָ֖ה אַלּ֥וּף יְתֵֽת׃", "text": "*wa-yāmāt* *Hădād* *wa-yihyû* *ʾallûpê* *ʾĔdôm* *ʾallûp* *Timnāʿ* *ʾallûp* *ʿAlwâ* *ʾallûp* *Yətēt*", "grammar": { "*wa-yāmāt*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and died", "*Hădād*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Hadad", "*wa-yihyû*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - and there were", "*ʾallûpê*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - chiefs of", "*ʾĔdôm*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Edom", "*ʾallûp*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - chief of", "*Timnāʿ*": "proper noun, feminine, singular - Timna", "*ʾallûp*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - chief of", "*ʿAlwâ*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Alvah", "*ʾallûp*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - chief of", "*Yətēt*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Jetheth" }, "variants": { "*ʾallûpê*": "chiefs of/tribal leaders of/dukes of", "*ʾallûp*": "chief of/tribal leader of/duke of", "*ʿAlwâ*": "Alvah (the verse shows textual variants: ketiv *עליה* and qere *עַֽלְוָ֖ה*)" } } 52 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.1.52", "source": "אַלּ֧וּף אָהֳלִיבָמָ֛ה אַלּ֥וּף אֵלָ֖ה אַלּ֥וּף פִּינֹֽן׃", "text": "*ʾallûp* *ʾŌholîbāmâ* *ʾallûp* *ʾĒlâ* *ʾallûp* *Pînōn*", "grammar": { "*ʾallûp*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - chief of", "*ʾŌholîbāmâ*": "proper noun, feminine, singular - Oholibamah", "*ʾallûp*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - chief of", "*ʾĒlâ*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Elah", "*ʾallûp*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - chief of", "*Pînōn*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Pinon" }, "variants": { "*ʾallûp*": "chief of/tribal leader of/duke of" } } 53 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.1.53", "source": "אַלּ֥וּף קְנַ֛ז אַלּ֥וּף תֵּימָ֖ן אַלּ֣וּף מִבְצָֽר׃", "text": "*ʾallûp* *Qənaz* *ʾallûp* *Têmān* *ʾallûp* *Mibṣār*", "grammar": { "*ʾallûp*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - chief of", "*Qənaz*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Kenaz", "*ʾallûp*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - chief of", "*Têmān*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Teman", "*ʾallûp*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - chief of", "*Mibṣār*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Mibzar" }, "variants": { "*ʾallûp*": "chief of/tribal leader of/duke of" } } 54 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.1.54", "source": "אַלּ֥וּף מַגְדִּיאֵ֖ל אַלּ֣וּף עִירָ֑ם אֵ֖לֶּה אַלּוּפֵ֥י אֱדֽוֹם׃ פ", "text": "*ʾallûp* *Magdîʾēl* *ʾallûp* *ʿÎrām* *ʾēlleh* *ʾallûpê* *ʾĔdôm*", "grammar": { "*ʾallûp*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - chief of", "*Magdîʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Magdiel", "*ʾallûp*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - chief of", "*ʿÎrām*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Iram", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, common, plural - these", "*ʾallûpê*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - chiefs of", "*ʾĔdôm*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Edom", "פ": "major paragraph marker" }, "variants": { "*ʾallûp*": "chief of/tribal leader of/duke of", "*ʾallûpê*": "chiefs of/tribal leaders of/dukes of" } }