Verse 19

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.20.19", "source": "כִּֽי־תָצ֣וּר אֶל־עִיר֩ יָמִ֨ים רַבִּ֜ים לְֽהִלָּחֵ֧ם עָלֶ֣יהָ לְתָפְשָׂ֗הּ לֹֽא־תַשְׁחִ֤ית אֶת־עֵצָהּ֙ לִנְדֹּ֤חַ עָלָיו֙ גַּרְזֶ֔ן כִּ֚י מִמֶּ֣נּוּ תֹאכֵ֔ל וְאֹת֖וֹ לֹ֣א תִכְרֹ֑ת כִּ֤י הֽ͏ָאָדָם֙ עֵ֣ץ הַשָּׂדֶ֔ה לָבֹ֥א מִפָּנֶ֖יךָ בַּמָּצֽוֹר׃", "text": "When *tāṣûr* against city *yāmîm* *rabbîm* *ləhillāḥēm* against it *lətāpəśāh*, not *tašḥît* *'ēṣāh* by swinging against it *garzeṇ*, for from it *tōʾḵēl*, and it not *tiḵrōt*, for is the *hāʾāḏām* *'ēṣ* *haśāḏeh* to *lāḇōʾ* from before you *bammāṣôr*.", "grammar": { "כִּֽי": "conjunction - when/if", "*tāṣûr*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you besiege", "אֶל": "preposition - against/toward", "עִיר֩": "noun feminine singular construct - city", "*yāmîm*": "noun masculine plural - days", "*rabbîm*": "adjective masculine plural - many", "*ləhillāḥēm*": "preposition + niphal infinitive construct - to fight", "עָלֶ֣יהָ": "preposition with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - against it", "*lətāpəśāh*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - to capture it", "לֹֽא": "negative particle - not", "*tašḥît*": "hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you shall destroy", "אֶת": "direct object marker", "*'ēṣāh*": "noun masculine singular construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - its tree", "לִנְדֹּ֤חַ": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - by swinging/wielding", "עָלָיו֙": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - against it", "*garzeṇ*": "noun masculine singular - axe", "כִּ֚י": "conjunction - for/because", "מִמֶּ֣נּוּ": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - from it", "*tōʾḵēl*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you shall eat", "וְאֹת֖וֹ": "conjunction + direct object marker with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and it", "לֹ֣א": "negative particle - not", "*tiḵrōt*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you shall cut down", "כִּ֤י": "conjunction - for/because", "*hāʾāḏām*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the human/man", "*'ēṣ*": "noun masculine singular construct - tree of", "*haśāḏeh*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the field", "*lāḇōʾ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to come/enter", "מִפָּנֶ֖יךָ": "preposition + noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - from before you", "*bammāṣôr*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine singular - in the siege" }, "variants": { "*tāṣûr*": "you besiege/lay siege to", "*yāmîm rabbîm*": "many days/a long time", "*ləhillāḥēm*": "to fight/to make war", "*lətāpəśāh*": "to capture it/to seize it", "*tašḥît*": "you shall destroy/ruin", "*'ēṣāh*": "its tree/its trees (collective)", "*garzeṇ*": "axe/cutting tool", "*tōʾḵēl*": "you shall eat/you may eat", "*tiḵrōt*": "you shall cut down/cut off", "*hāʾāḏām*": "the human/man/person", "*'ēṣ haśāḏeh*": "tree of the field", "*lāḇōʾ*": "to come/to enter/to go", "*bammāṣôr*": "in the siege/during the siege" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  Når du beleirer en by i mange dager for å innta den, skal du ikke ødelegge trærne ved å hugge dem ned med øks. Du kan spise frukten, men ikke hugge dem ned, for trærne er ikke mennesker som kan flykte fra deg under beleiringen.

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Når du beleirer en by i lang tid for å føre krig mot den og innta den, skal du ikke ødelegge trærne ved å hogge dem ned med øks. Du kan spise av dem og skal ikke kutte dem ned, for markens trær er menneskets liv.

• Norsk King James

  Når du beleirer en by i lang tid for å ta den, skal du ikke ødelegge trærne ved å hogge dem ned; for du kan spise av dem, og du skal ikke kutte dem ned (for treet på marken er livsviktig) for å bruke dem i beleiringen.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Når du beleirer en by mange dager og kjemper mot den for å innta den, skal du ikke ødelegge trærne ved å hugge dem ned med øks. For du kan spise av dem, og du skal ikke hugge dem ned. Er vel trærne på marken mennesker, som kan flykte fra deg til festningen?

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  Når du beleirer en by i lang tid for å kjempe mot den og erobre den, skal du ikke ødelegge trærne og hogge dem ned med øks. Du kan spise av dem, men ikke hogge dem ned. For er treet på marken en mann, så du kan beleire det?

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Når du beleirer en by i lang tid for å kjempe mot den og ta den, skal du ikke ødelegge trærne ved å svinge øksa mot dem. Du kan spise av dem, og du skal ikke hogge dem ned (for trærne på marken er menneskets liv) for å bruke dem i beleiringen.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Når du beleirer en by og fører krig mot den for å innta den, skal du ikke ødelegge byens trær med øksa, for du kan få brød av dem. Du skal ikke hugge dem ned, for feltets trær er menneskets liv.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Når du beleirer en by i lang tid for å kjempe mot den og ta den, skal du ikke ødelegge trærne ved å svinge øksa mot dem. Du kan spise av dem, og du skal ikke hogge dem ned (for trærne på marken er menneskets liv) for å bruke dem i beleiringen.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Når du beleirer en by i mange dager og kjemper mot den for å innta den, skal du ikke ødelegge trærne ved å svinge en øks mot dem. Du kan spise av dem, men du skal ikke hugge dem ned. For er trærne på marken mennesker som kan flykte for deg i beleiringen?

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  When you lay siege to a city for a long time to capture it, do not destroy its trees by cutting them down with an axe, for you may eat from them. Do not cut them down, for is the tree of the field a human that it should face the siege with you?

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  Når du beleirer en by i mange dager for å kjempe mot den og innta den, skal du ikke ødelegge trærne ved å hugge dem ned med øks, for du kan spise av dem. Du skal ikke hugge dem ned, for trærne på marken er ikke mennesker som kan flykte for deg.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Naar du beleirer en Stad mange Dage, og strider imod den for at indtage den, da skal du ikke fordærve dens Træer, at slaae paa dem med Øxen, thi du skal æde af dem og ikke afhugge dem; men for Mennesket er et vildt Træ tjenligt, at komme for dig til et Bolværk.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  When thou shalt besiege a city a long time, in making war against it to take it, thou shalt not stroy the trees thereof by forcing an axe against them: for thou mayest eat of them, and thou shalt not cut them down (for the tree of the field is man's life) to employ them in the siege:

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Når du beleirer en by i lang tid for å krige mot den og erobre den, skal du ikke ødelegge trærne der ved å hugge dem ned, for du kan spise av dem, og du skal ikke felle dem. For trærne på marken er ikke mennesker som du kan angripe under beleiringen.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  When you besiege a city a long time, in making war against it to take it, you shall not destroy the trees by forcing an axe against them: for you may eat of them, and you shall not cut them down (for the tree of the field is man's life) to employ them in the siege:

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  When thou shalt besiege a city a long time, in making war against it to take it, thou shalt not destroy the trees thereof by forcing an axe against them: for thou mayest eat of them, and thou shalt not cut them down (for the tree of the field is man's life) to employ them in the siege:

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Når du beleirer en by i lang tid og kjemper mot den for å innta den, skal du ikke ødelegge trærne ved å svinge øksen mot dem; for du kan spise av dem. Du skal ikke hugge dem ned; for er markens trær mennesker som kan beleires?

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Når du beleirer en by i mange dager for å kjempe mot den og innta den, skal du ikke ødelegge trærne ved å svinge øksen mot dem, for det er av dem du spiser, og du skal ikke hogge dem ned - for trærne på marken er ikke mennesker som kan flykte fra deg.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Når du beleirer en by i lengre tid for å erobre den ved krig, skal du ikke ødelegge trærne ved å hogge dem ned med øks, for du kan spise av dem. Du skal ikke hogge dem ned, for er trærne på marken mennesker, så de skal beleires av deg?

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Hvis en by er beleiret lenge av hæren din, ikke la trærne bli hugget ned og ødelagt; for frukten skal være til føde; er trær på marken mennesker som dere kan kjempe mot?

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  When thou hast beseged a citie longe tyme in makinge warre agenst it to take it. destroye not the trees thereof, that thou woldest thrust an axe vnto them. For thou mayst eate of the, and therfore destroye them not. For the trees of the feldes are no men, that they myght come agenst the to besege the.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Whan thou must lye a longe season before a cite, against the which thou makest warre to take it, thou shalt not destroye ye trees therof that thou woldest hew them downe wt the axe, for thou mayest eate therof: and therfore shalt thou not hew them downe. For it is but wodd vpon the felde, and no man, and can not come & be bullworkes agaynst the.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  When thou hast besieged a citie long time, & made warre against it to take it, destroy not the trees therof, by smiting an axe into them: for thou mayest eate of them: therfore thou shalt not cut them downe to further thee in the siege, (for the tree of the field is mans life )

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  When thou hast besieged a citie long tyme, and made warre agaynst it to take it, destroy not the trees therof, that thou wouldest thrust an axe vnto them: but eate of them, and cut them not downe to further thee in thy siege: for the tree of the fielde is mans life.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  When thou shalt besiege a city a long time, in making war against it to take it, thou shalt not destroy the trees thereof by forcing an axe against them: for thou mayest eat of them, and thou shalt not cut them down (for the tree of the field [is] man's [life]) to employ [them] in the siege:

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  When you shall besiege a city a long time, in making war against it to take it, you shall not destroy the trees of it by wielding an axe against them; for you may eat of them, and you shall not cut them down; for is the tree of the field man, that it should be besieged of you?

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  `When thou layest siege unto a city many days, to fight against it, to capture it, thou dost not destroy its trees to force an axe against them, for of them thou dost eat, and them thou dost not cut down -- for man's `is' the tree of the field -- to go in at thy presence in the siege.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  When thou shalt besiege a city a long time, in making war against it to take it, thou shalt not destroy the trees thereof by wielding an axe against them; for thou mayest eat of them, and thou shalt not cut them down; for is the tree of the field man, that it should be besieged of thee?

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  If in war a town is shut in by your armies for a long time, do not let its trees be cut down and made waste; for their fruit will be your food; are the trees of the countryside men for you to take up arms against them?

• World English Bible (2000)

  When you shall besiege a city a long time, in making war against it to take it, you shall not destroy its trees by wielding an axe against them; for you may eat of them, and you shall not cut them down; for is the tree of the field man, that it should be besieged of you?

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  If you besiege a city for a long time while attempting to capture it, you must not chop down its trees, for you may eat fruit from them and should not cut them down. A tree in the field is not human that you should besiege it!

Referenced Verses

• Deut 26:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.26.6", "source": "וַיָּרֵ֧עוּ אֹתָ֛נוּ הַמִּצְרִ֖ים וַיְעַנּ֑וּנוּ וַיִּתְּנ֥וּ עָלֵ֖ינוּ עֲבֹדָ֥ה קָשָֽׁה׃", "text": "And *rāʿaʿ* us *ha-miṣrîm* and *ʿānâ* us and *nātan* on us *ʿăbōdâ* *qāšâ*", "grammar": { "*rāʿaʿ*": "verb, imperfect (hiphil), 3rd plural masculine with *wa-* prefix - and they mistreated/did evil to", "*ha-miṣrîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the Egyptians", "*ʿānâ*": "verb, imperfect (piel), 3rd plural masculine with *wa-* prefix - and they afflicted/oppressed", "*nātan*": "verb, imperfect, 3rd plural masculine with *wa-* prefix - and they put/placed", "*ʿăbōdâ*": "noun, feminine singular - labor/service/bondage", "*qāšâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - hard/severe/cruel" }, "variants": { "*rāʿaʿ*": "do evil to/mistreat/afflict/harm", "*miṣrîm*": "Egyptians/Egyptites", "*ʿānâ*": "afflict/oppress/humble/mistreat", "*nātan*": "give/put/place/set", "*ʿăbōdâ*": "labor/service/work/slavery", "*qāšâ*": "hard/severe/difficult/cruel" } }
• Matt 3:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Matthew.3.10", "source": "Ἤδη δὲ καὶ ἡ ἀξίνη πρὸς τὴν ῥίζαν τῶν δένδρων κεῖται: πᾶν οὖν δένδρον μὴ ποιοῦν καρπὸν καλὸν ἐκκόπτεται, καὶ εἰς πῦρ βάλλεται.", "text": "*Ēdē* *de* also the *axinē* *pros* the *rhizan* of the *dendrōn* *keitai*: every *oun* *dendron* not *poioun* *karpon* *kalon* *ekkoptetai*, and into *pyr* *balletai*.", "grammar": { "*Ēdē*": "temporal adverb - already/now", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - and/but", "*axinē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - axe", "*pros*": "preposition with accusative - at/to", "*rhizan*": "accusative, feminine, singular - root", "*dendrōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - of trees", "*keitai*": "present middle/passive indicative, 3rd singular - lies/is laid", "*oun*": "inferential conjunction - therefore/then", "*dendron*": "nominative, neuter, singular - tree", "*poioun*": "present active participle, nominative, neuter, singular - producing/making", "*karpon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - fruit", "*kalon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - good", "*ekkoptetai*": "present passive indicative, 3rd singular - is cut down", "*pyr*": "accusative, neuter, singular - fire", "*balletai*": "present passive indicative, 3rd singular - is thrown" }, "variants": { "*Ēdē*": "already/now/at this time", "*axinē*": "axe/hatchet", "*pros*": "at/to/against", "*rhizan*": "root/base", "*keitai*": "lies/is laid/is placed", "*poioun*": "producing/making/bearing", "*karpon*": "fruit/produce/result", "*kalon*": "good/excellent/fine", "*ekkoptetai*": "is cut down/is chopped down/is hewn down", "*balletai*": "is thrown/is cast/is hurled" } }
• Matt 7:15-20 : 15 { "verseID": "Matthew.7.15", "source": "Προσέχετε δὲ ἀπὸ τῶν ψευδοπροφητῶν, οἵτινες ἔρχονται πρὸς ὑμᾶς ἐν ἐνδύμασιν προβάτων, ἔσωθεν δέ εἰσιν λύκοι ἅρπαγες.", "text": "*Prosechete de apo tōn pseudoprophētōn*, who *erchontai pros hymas en endymasin probatōn*, *esōthen de eisin lykoi harpages*.", "grammar": { "*Prosechete*": "present active imperative, 2nd person plural - beware/pay attention to", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now", "*apo*": "preposition with genitive - from", "*tōn pseudoprophētōn*": "genitive plural masculine - the false prophets", "*hoitines*": "relative pronoun, nominative plural masculine - who/whoever", "*erchontai*": "present middle indicative, 3rd person plural - come/are coming", "*pros*": "preposition with accusative - to/toward", "*hymas*": "accusative plural - you", "*en*": "preposition with dative - in/with", "*endymasin*": "dative plural neuter - garments/clothing", "*probatōn*": "genitive plural neuter - of sheep", "*esōthen*": "adverb - from within/inside", "*eisin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person plural - are", "*lykoi*": "nominative plural masculine - wolves", "*harpages*": "nominative plural masculine - ravenous/rapacious" }, "variants": { "*prosechete*": "beware/pay attention to/be on guard against", "*pseudoprophētōn*": "false prophets/pretenders to divine inspiration", "*erchontai*": "come/approach/arrive", "*endymasin*": "garments/clothing/outer wear", "*probatōn*": "sheep [symbol of innocence/harmlessness]", "*esōthen*": "within/inside/inwardly", "*lykoi*": "wolves [symbol of danger/destruction]", "*harpages*": "ravenous/rapacious/predatory/greedy" } } 16 { "verseID": "Matthew.7.16", "source": "Ἀπὸ τῶν καρπῶν Αὐτῶν ἐπιγνώσεσθε αὐτούς. Μήτι συλλέγουσιν ἀπὸ ἀκανθῶν σταφυλὴν, ἢ ἀπὸ τριβόλων σῦκα;", "text": "From the *karpōn Autōn epignōsesthe autous*. *Mēti syllegousin apo akanthōn staphylēn*, or from *tribolōn syka*?", "grammar": { "*Apo*": "preposition with genitive - from", "*tōn karpōn*": "genitive plural masculine - the fruits", "*Autōn*": "genitive plural - their", "*epignōsesthe*": "future middle indicative, 2nd person plural - you will recognize", "*autous*": "accusative plural masculine - them", "*Mēti*": "interrogative particle expecting negative answer - surely not", "*syllegousin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person plural - they gather", "*apo*": "preposition with genitive - from", "*akanthōn*": "genitive plural feminine - thorns", "*staphylēn*": "accusative singular feminine - grape cluster", "*ē*": "disjunctive conjunction - or", "*tribolōn*": "genitive plural masculine - thistles/briers", "*syka*": "accusative plural neuter - figs" }, "variants": { "*karpōn*": "fruits/produce/results", "*epignōsesthe*": "recognize/know fully/discern", "*syllegousin*": "gather/collect/harvest", "*akanthōn*": "thorns/thorn bushes/thorny plants", "*staphylēn*": "grape cluster/bunch of grapes", "*tribolōn*": "thistles/thorny weeds/briers", "*syka*": "figs/fig fruit" } } 17 { "verseID": "Matthew.7.17", "source": "Οὕτως πᾶν δένδρον ἀγαθὸν καρποὺς καλοὺς ποιεῖ· τὸ δὲ σαπρὸν δένδρον καρποὺς πονηροὺς ποιεῖ.", "text": "Thus every *dendron agathon karpous kalous poiei*; the *de sapron dendron karpous ponērous poiei*.", "grammar": { "*Houtōs*": "demonstrative adverb - thus/in this manner", "*pan*": "nominative singular neuter - every/all", "*dendron*": "nominative singular neuter - tree", "*agathon*": "nominative singular neuter - good", "*karpous*": "accusative plural masculine - fruits", "*kalous*": "accusative plural masculine - good/fine/beautiful", "*poiei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - makes/produces", "*to de*": "the but", "*sapron*": "nominative singular neuter - rotten/bad/worthless", "*dendron*": "nominative singular neuter - tree", "*karpous*": "accusative plural masculine - fruits", "*ponērous*": "accusative plural masculine - evil/bad", "*poiei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - makes/produces" }, "variants": { "*dendron*": "tree/plant with woody stem", "*agathon*": "good/beneficial/useful", "*karpous*": "fruits/produce/results", "*kalous*": "good/fine/beautiful/excellent", "*poiei*": "makes/produces/creates/bears", "*sapron*": "rotten/bad/worthless/corrupted", "*ponērous*": "evil/bad/worthless/harmful" } } 18 { "verseID": "Matthew.7.18", "source": "Οὐ δύναται δένδρον ἀγαθὸν καρποὺς πονηροὺς ποιεῖν, οὐδὲ δένδρον σαπρὸν καρποὺς καλοὺς ποιεῖν.", "text": "Not *dynatai dendron agathon karpous ponērous poiein*, *oude dendron sapron karpous kalous poiein*.", "grammar": { "*Ou*": "negative particle - not", "*dynatai*": "present middle indicative, 3rd person singular - is able", "*dendron*": "nominative singular neuter - tree", "*agathon*": "nominative singular neuter - good", "*karpous*": "accusative plural masculine - fruits", "*ponērous*": "accusative plural masculine - evil/bad", "*poiein*": "present active infinitive - to make/produce", "*oude*": "negative conjunction - nor/and not", "*dendron*": "nominative singular neuter - tree", "*sapron*": "nominative singular neuter - rotten/bad/worthless", "*karpous*": "accusative plural masculine - fruits", "*kalous*": "accusative plural masculine - good/fine/beautiful", "*poiein*": "present active infinitive - to make/produce" }, "variants": { "*dynatai*": "is able/can/has power to", "*dendron*": "tree/plant with woody stem", "*agathon*": "good/beneficial/useful", "*karpous*": "fruits/produce/results", "*ponērous*": "evil/bad/worthless/harmful", "*poiein*": "to make/to produce/to create/to bear", "*sapron*": "rotten/bad/worthless/corrupted", "*kalous*": "good/fine/beautiful/excellent" } } 19 { "verseID": "Matthew.7.19", "source": "Πᾶν δένδρον μὴ ποιοῦν καρπὸν καλὸν ἐκκόπτεται, καὶ εἰς πῦρ βάλλεται.", "text": "Every *dendron mē poioun karpon kalon ekkoptetai*, and into *pyr balletai*.", "grammar": { "*Pan*": "nominative singular neuter - every/all", "*dendron*": "nominative singular neuter - tree", "*mē*": "negative particle with participle - not", "*poioun*": "present active participle, nominative singular neuter - making/producing", "*karpon*": "accusative singular masculine - fruit", "*kalon*": "accusative singular masculine - good/fine/beautiful", "*ekkoptetai*": "present passive indicative, 3rd person singular - is cut down", "*eis*": "preposition with accusative - into", "*pyr*": "accusative singular neuter - fire", "*balletai*": "present passive indicative, 3rd person singular - is thrown" }, "variants": { "*dendron*": "tree/plant with woody stem", "*poioun*": "making/producing/bearing/yielding", "*karpon*": "fruit/produce/result", "*kalon*": "good/fine/beautiful/excellent", "*ekkoptetai*": "is cut down/is cut off/is hewn down", "*pyr*": "fire/flame [often symbolic of judgment]", "*balletai*": "is thrown/is cast/is placed" } } 20 { "verseID": "Matthew.7.20", "source": "Ἄρα γε ἀπὸ τῶν καρπῶν αὐτῶν ἐπιγνώσεσθε αὐτούς.", "text": "*Ara ge* from the *karpōn autōn epignōsesthe autous*.", "grammar": { "*Ara*": "inferential particle - therefore/consequently", "*ge*": "emphatic particle - indeed/at least", "*apo*": "preposition with genitive - from", "*tōn karpōn*": "genitive plural masculine - the fruits", "*autōn*": "genitive plural - their", "*epignōsesthe*": "future middle indicative, 2nd person plural - you will recognize", "*autous*": "accusative plural masculine - them" }, "variants": { "*Ara ge*": "therefore indeed/so then/consequently", "*karpōn*": "fruits/produce/results", "*epignōsesthe*": "recognize/know fully/discern" } }
• Matt 21:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Matthew.21.19", "source": "Καὶ ἰδὼν συκῆν μίαν ἐπὶ τῆς ὁδοῦ, ἦλθεν ἐπʼ αὐτήν, καὶ οὐδὲν εὗρεν ἐν αὐτῇ, εἰ μὴ φύλλα μόνον, καὶ λέγει αὐτῇ, Μηκέτι ἐκ σοῦ καρπὸς γένηται εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα. Καὶ ἐξηράνθη παραχρῆμα ἡ συκῆ.", "text": "And *idōn* *sykēn* one upon the *hodou*, *ēlthen* upon it, and nothing *heuren* in it, if not *phylla* only, and *legei* to it, No longer from you *karpos* may *genētai* into the *aiōna*. And *exēranthē* *parachrēma* the *sykē*.", "grammar": { "*idōn*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having seen", "*sykēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - fig tree", "*hodou*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of road/way", "*ēlthen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - came/went", "*heuren*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - found", "*phylla*": "accusative, neuter, plural - leaves", "*legei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - says", "*karpos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - fruit", "*genētai*": "aorist middle subjunctive, 3rd singular - may come to be/may be produced", "*aiōna*": "accusative, masculine, singular - age/eternity", "*exēranthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular - was dried up/withered", "*parachrēma*": "adverb - immediately/instantly", "*sykē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - fig tree" }, "variants": { "*sykēn*": "fig tree", "*heuren*": "found/discovered", "*karpos*": "fruit/produce", "*genētai*": "may come to be/may be produced/may grow", "*aiōna*": "age/eternity/forever", "*exēranthē*": "was dried up/withered/shriveled", "*parachrēma*": "immediately/instantly/at once" } }
• Luke 13:7-9 : 7 { "verseID": "Luke.13.7", "source": "Εἶπεν δὲ πρὸς τὸν ἀμπελουργόν, Ἰδού, τρία ἔτη ἔρχομαι ζητῶν καρπὸν ἐν τῇ συκῇ ταύτῃ, καὶ οὐχ εὑρίσκω: ἔκκοψον αὐτήν· ἱνα τί καὶ τὴν γῆν καταργεῖ;", "text": "*Eipen de pros* the *ampelourgon*, *Idou*, three *etē erchomai zētōn karpon* in the *sykē* this, and not *heuriskō*: *ekkopson* it; for what also the *gēn katargei*?", "grammar": { "*Eipen*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd singular - said/spoke", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - to/toward", "*ampelourgon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - vinedresser", "*Idou*": "aorist imperative, middle - behold/look/see", "*etē*": "accusative, neuter, plural - years", "*erchomai*": "present, middle, indicative, 1st singular - I come", "*zētōn*": "present participle, active, nominative, masculine, singular - seeking", "*karpon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - fruit", "*sykē*": "dative, feminine, singular - fig tree", "*heuriskō*": "present, active, indicative, 1st singular - I find", "*ekkopson*": "aorist imperative, active, 2nd singular - cut down/out", "*gēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - land/ground/earth", "*katargei*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd singular - makes useless/nullifies" }, "variants": { "*pros*": "to/toward/with", "*ampelourgon*": "vinedresser/vineyard keeper", "*Idou*": "behold/look/see", "*erchomai*": "I come/am coming", "*zētōn*": "seeking/looking for", "*karpon*": "fruit/produce/result", "*heuriskō*": "I find/discover/locate", "*ekkopson*": "cut down/cut out/eliminate", "*katargei*": "makes useless/wastes/takes up space" } } 8 { "verseID": "Luke.13.8", "source": "Ὁ δὲ ἀποκριθεὶς λέγει αὐτῷ, Κύριε, ἄφες αὐτὴν καὶ τοῦτο τὸ ἔτος, ἕως ὅτου σκάψω περὶ αὐτήν, καὶ βάλω κοπρία:", "text": "He *de apokritheis legei* to him, *Kyrie*, *aphes* it also this the *etos*, until *hotou skapsō peri* it, and *balō kopria*:", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now", "*apokritheis*": "aorist participle, passive, nominative, masculine, singular - having answered", "*legei*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd singular - says/tells", "*Kyrie*": "vocative, masculine, singular - Lord/Sir/Master", "*aphes*": "aorist imperative, active, 2nd singular - leave/let be", "*etos*": "accusative, neuter, singular - year", "*hotou*": "relative pronoun + genitive - when/until", "*skapsō*": "future, active, indicative, 1st singular - I will dig", "*peri*": "preposition + accusative - around", "*balō*": "future, active, indicative, 1st singular - I will throw/put", "*kopria*": "accusative, neuter, plural - manure/fertilizer" }, "variants": { "*apokritheis*": "having answered/responding", "*legei*": "says/speaks/tells", "*Kyrie*": "Lord/Sir/Master", "*aphes*": "leave/let alone/permit", "*skapsō*": "I will dig/excavate", "*balō*": "I will throw/put/place", "*kopria*": "manure/fertilizer/dung" } } 9 { "verseID": "Luke.13.9", "source": "Κἂν μὲν ποιήσῃ καρπὸν: εἰ δὲ μή γε, εἰς τὸ μέλλον ἐκκόψεις αὐτήν.", "text": "And if *men poiēsē karpon*: *ei de mē ge*, into the *mellon ekkopseis* it.", "grammar": { "*men*": "postpositive particle - indeed/on one hand", "*poiēsē*": "aorist, active, subjunctive, 3rd singular - it might produce", "*karpon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - fruit", "*ei de mē ge*": "conditional phrase - but if not/otherwise", "*mellon*": "present participle, accusative, neuter, singular - coming/future (time)", "*ekkopseis*": "future, active, indicative, 2nd singular - you will cut down" }, "variants": { "*poiēsē*": "it might produce/bear/make", "*karpon*": "fruit/produce/result", "*ei de mē ge*": "but if not/otherwise/if not indeed", "*mellon*": "coming/future (time)", "*ekkopseis*": "you will cut down/eliminate/remove" } }
• John 15:2-8 : 2 { "verseID": "John.15.2", "source": "Πᾶν κλῆμα ἐν ἐμοὶ μὴ φέρον καρπόν αἴρει αὐτό: καὶ πᾶν τὸ καρπὸν φέρον, καθαίρει αὐτό, ἵνα πλείονα καρπὸν φέρῃ.", "text": "Every *klēma* in *emoi* *mē pheron karpon airei* it: and every the *karpon pheron*, *kathairei* it, *hina pleiona karpon pherē*.", "grammar": { "*klēma*": "accusative, neuter, singular - branch", "*emoi*": "dative, singular, first person pronoun - in me", "*mē*": "negative particle - not", "*pheron*": "present participle, active, nominative/accusative, neuter, singular - bearing", "*karpon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - fruit", "*airei*": "present indicative, active, third person singular - takes away/lifts up", "*pheron*": "present participle, active, nominative/accusative, neuter, singular - bearing", "*kathairei*": "present indicative, active, third person singular - prunes/cleanses", "*hina*": "conjunction - so that/in order that", "*pleiona*": "comparative adjective, accusative, masculine, singular - more", "*pherē*": "present subjunctive, active, third person singular - may bear" }, "variants": { "*klēma*": "branch/shoot/twig", "*airei*": "takes away/lifts up/removes", "*kathairei*": "prunes/cleanses/purifies", "*karpon*": "fruit/produce/result" } } 3 { "verseID": "John.15.3", "source": "Ἤδη ὑμεῖς καθαροί ἐστε διὰ τὸν λόγον ὃν λελάληκα ὑμῖν.", "text": "*Ēdē humeis katharoi este dia* the *logon hon lelalēka humin*.", "grammar": { "*Ēdē*": "adverb - already/now", "*humeis*": "nominative, plural, second person pronoun - you [plural]", "*katharoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural, adjective - clean/pure", "*este*": "present indicative, second person plural - are", "*dia*": "preposition + accusative - because of/through", "*logon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - word", "*hon*": "relative pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular - which", "*lelalēka*": "perfect indicative, active, first person singular - I have spoken", "*humin*": "dative, plural, second person pronoun - to you [plural]" }, "variants": { "*katharoi*": "clean/pure/cleansed", "*logon*": "word/message/statement", "*lelalēka*": "have spoken/have said/have taught" } } 4 { "verseID": "John.15.4", "source": "Μείνατε ἐν ἐμοί, κἀγὼ ἐν ὑμῖν. Καθὼς τὸ κλῆμα οὐ δύναται καρπὸν φέρειν ἀφʼ ἑαυτοῦ, ἐὰν μὴ μείνῃ ἐν τῇ ἀμπέλῳ· οὕτως οὐδὲ ὑμεῖς, ἐὰν μὴ ἐν ἐμοὶ μείνητε.", "text": "*Meinate en emoi*, *kagō en humin*. *Kathōs* the *klēma ou dunatai karpon pherein aph' heautou*, *ean mē meinē en tē ampelō*; *houtōs oude humeis*, *ean mē en emoi meinēte*.", "grammar": { "*Meinate*": "aorist imperative, active, second person plural - remain/abide/stay", "*en emoi*": "preposition + dative - in me", "*kagō*": "crasis of *kai* + *egō* - and I", "*en humin*": "preposition + dative - in you [plural]", "*Kathōs*": "adverb - just as/even as", "*klēma*": "nominative, neuter, singular - branch", "*ou dunatai*": "present indicative, middle, third person singular with negative - cannot/is not able", "*karpon pherein*": "accusative + present infinitive - to bear fruit", "*aph' heautou*": "preposition + genitive reflexive pronoun - from itself", "*ean mē*": "conditional + negative - if not/unless", "*meinē*": "aorist subjunctive, active, third person singular - it remains", "*en tē ampelō*": "preposition + dative - in the vine", "*houtōs*": "adverb - so/thus/in this manner", "*oude*": "conjunction + negative - neither/nor", "*humeis*": "nominative, plural, second person pronoun - you [plural]", "*meinēte*": "aorist subjunctive, active, second person plural - you remain" }, "variants": { "*meinate*": "remain/abide/stay/continue in", "*klēma*": "branch/shoot/twig", "*dunatai*": "is able/can/has power", "*pherein*": "to bear/to produce/to yield", "*heautou*": "itself/its own", "*ampelō*": "vine/grapevine" } } 5 { "verseID": "John.15.5", "source": "Ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ ἄμπελος, ὑμεῖς τὰ κλήματα: Ὁ μένων ἐν ἐμοί, κἀγὼ ἐν αὐτῷ, οὗτος φέρει καρπὸν πολύν: ὅτι χωρὶς ἐμοῦ οὐ δύνασθε ποιεῖν οὐδέν.", "text": "*Egō eimi* the *ampelos*, *humeis* the *klēmata*: The *menōn en emoi*, *kagō en autō*, *houtos pherei karpon polun*: *hoti chōris emou ou dunasthe poiein ouden*.", "grammar": { "*Egō eimi*": "nominative + present indicative - I am", "*ampelos*": "nominative, feminine, singular - vine", "*humeis*": "nominative, plural, second person pronoun - you [plural]", "*klēmata*": "nominative, neuter, plural - branches", "*menōn*": "present participle, active, nominative, masculine, singular - remaining/abiding", "*en emoi*": "preposition + dative - in me", "*kagō*": "crasis of *kai* + *egō* - and I", "*en autō*": "preposition + dative - in him", "*houtos*": "demonstrative pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular - this one", "*pherei*": "present indicative, active, third person singular - bears/produces", "*karpon polun*": "accusative + adjective - much fruit", "*hoti*": "conjunction - because/for", "*chōris emou*": "preposition + genitive - apart from me", "*ou dunasthe*": "present indicative, middle, second person plural with negative - you cannot", "*poiein*": "present infinitive, active - to do/make", "*ouden*": "pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular - nothing" }, "variants": { "*ampelos*": "vine/grapevine", "*klēmata*": "branches/shoots/twigs", "*menōn*": "remaining/abiding/staying/continuing", "*pherei*": "bears/produces/yields", "*polun*": "much/many/abundant", "*chōris*": "apart from/without/separated from" } } 6 { "verseID": "John.15.6", "source": "Ἐὰν μή τις μείνῃ ἐν ἐμοί, ἐβλήθη ἔξω ὡς τὸ κλῆμα, καὶ ἐξηράνθη· καὶ συνάγουσιν αὐτὰ, καὶ εἰς τὸ πῦρ βάλλουσιν, καὶ καίεται.", "text": "*Ean mē tis meinē en emoi*, *eblēthē exō hōs* the *klēma*, and *exēranthē*; and *sunagousin auta*, and into the *pur ballousin*, and *kaietai*.", "grammar": { "*Ean mē*": "conditional + negative - if not/unless", "*tis*": "indefinite pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular - anyone", "*meinē*": "aorist subjunctive, active, third person singular - he remains", "*en emoi*": "preposition + dative - in me", "*eblēthē*": "aorist indicative, passive, third person singular - he was thrown/cast", "*exō*": "adverb - outside/out", "*hōs*": "comparative particle - as/like", "*klēma*": "nominative/accusative, neuter, singular - branch", "*exēranthē*": "aorist indicative, passive, third person singular - it was dried up/withered", "*sunagousin*": "present indicative, active, third person plural - they gather", "*auta*": "accusative, neuter, plural pronoun - them", "*pur*": "accusative, neuter, singular - fire", "*ballousin*": "present indicative, active, third person plural - they throw/cast", "*kaietai*": "present indicative, passive, third person singular - it is burned" }, "variants": { "*meinē*": "remains/abides/stays", "*eblēthē*": "was thrown/cast out/discarded", "*exēranthē*": "withered/dried up/became dry", "*sunagousin*": "gather/collect/assemble", "*ballousin*": "throw/cast/put", "*kaietai*": "is burned/consumed by fire" } } 7 { "verseID": "John.15.7", "source": "Ἐὰν μείνητε ἐν ἐμοί, καὶ τὰ ῥήματά μου ἐν ὑμῖν μείνῃ, ὃ ἐὰν θέλητε αἰτήσεσθε, καὶ γενήσεται ὑμῖν.", "text": "*Ean meinēte en emoi*, and the *rhēmata mou en humin meinē*, *ho ean thelēte aitēsesthe*, and *genēsetai humin*.", "grammar": { "*Ean*": "conditional particle - if", "*meinēte*": "aorist subjunctive, active, second person plural - you remain", "*en emoi*": "preposition + dative - in me", "*rhēmata*": "nominative/accusative, neuter, plural - words/sayings", "*mou*": "genitive, singular, first person pronoun - my/of me", "*en humin*": "preposition + dative - in you [plural]", "*meinē*": "aorist subjunctive, active, third person singular - it remains", "*ho ean*": "relative pronoun + conditional - whatever", "*thelēte*": "present subjunctive, active, second person plural - you desire/wish", "*aitēsesthe*": "future indicative, middle, second person plural - you will ask", "*genēsetai*": "future indicative, middle, third person singular - it will be/become", "*humin*": "dative, plural, second person pronoun - for you/to you [plural]" }, "variants": { "*meinēte*": "remain/abide/stay/continue", "*rhēmata*": "words/sayings/statements/teachings", "*thelēte*": "desire/wish/want", "*aitēsesthe*": "you will ask/request/petition", "*genēsetai*": "will happen/will be done/will come to pass" } } 8 { "verseID": "John.15.8", "source": "Ἐν τούτῳ ἐδοξάσθη ὁ Πατήρ μου, ἵνα καρπὸν πολὺν φέρητε· καὶ γενήσεσθε ἐμοὶ μαθηταί.", "text": "In *toutō edoxasthē* the *Patēr mou*, *hina karpon polun pherēte*; and *genēsesthe emoi mathētai*.", "grammar": { "*toutō*": "demonstrative pronoun, dative, neuter, singular - this", "*edoxasthē*": "aorist indicative, passive, third person singular - was glorified", "*Patēr*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Father", "*mou*": "genitive, singular, first person pronoun - my/of me", "*hina*": "conjunction - that/so that", "*karpon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - fruit", "*polun*": "accusative, masculine, singular, adjective - much/many", "*pherēte*": "present subjunctive, active, second person plural - you may bear", "*genēsesthe*": "future indicative, middle, second person plural - you will become", "*emoi*": "dative, singular, first person pronoun - to me/for me", "*mathētai*": "nominative, masculine, plural - disciples" }, "variants": { "*toutō*": "this/by this/in this", "*edoxasthē*": "was glorified/was honored/was exalted", "*karpon polun*": "much fruit/abundant fruit/many fruits", "*pherēte*": "bear/produce/yield", "*genēsesthe*": "will become/will prove to be/will be shown to be", "*mathētai*": "disciples/students/followers" } }