Verse 18

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.18", "source": "אָר֥וּר פְּרִֽי־בִטְנְךָ֖ וּפְרִ֣י אַדְמָתֶ֑ךָ שְׁגַ֥ר אֲלָפֶ֖יךָ וְעַשְׁתְּר֥וֹת צֹאנֶֽךָ׃", "text": "*ʾārûr* *pərî*-*biṭnəkā* *ûpərî* *ʾadmātekā* *šəgar* *ʾălāpêkā* *wəʿaštərôt* *ṣōʾnekā*", "grammar": { "*ʾārûr*": "passive participle, masculine singular - cursed", "*pərî*": "construct noun, masculine singular - fruit/offspring of", "*biṭnəkā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your womb/belly", "*ûpərî*": "conjunction (wə-) + noun, construct masculine singular - and fruit/offspring of", "*ʾadmātekā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your ground/land", "*šəgar*": "construct noun, masculine singular - offspring/increase of", "*ʾălāpêkā*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your cattle/oxen", "*wəʿaštərôt*": "conjunction (wə-) + noun, feminine plural construct - and young/increase of", "*ṣōʾnekā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your flock/sheep" }, "variants": { "*ʾārûr*": "cursed/under a curse", "*pərî*": "fruit/offspring/produce", "*biṭnəkā*": "your womb/belly/body", "*ʾadmātekā*": "your ground/land/soil", "*šəgar*": "offspring/increase/young ones", "*ʾălāpêkā*": "your cattle/oxen/herds", "*ʿaštərôt*": "young ones/increase/newborn (possibly connected to fertility goddess Astarte)", "*ṣōʾnekā*": "your flock/sheep/small livestock" } }

Other Translations

Referenced Verses

  • Deut 28:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.4", "source": "בָּר֧וּךְ פְּרִֽי־בִטְנְךָ֛ וּפְרִ֥י אַדְמָתְךָ֖ וּפְרִ֣י בְהֶמְתֶּ֑ךָ שְׁגַ֥ר אֲלָפֶ֖יךָ וְעַשְׁתְּר֥וֹת צֹאנֶֽךָ׃", "text": "*Bārûk* *pĕrî*-*biṭnĕkā* and *pĕrî* *ʾadmātĕkā* and *pĕrî* *bĕhemtekā* *šĕgar* *ʾălāpêkā* and *ʿaštĕrôt* *ṣōʾnekā*.", "grammar": { "*Bārûk*": "passive participle, Qal, masculine singular - blessed", "*pĕrî*": "masculine singular construct - fruit of", "*biṭnĕkā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your womb/belly", "*ʾadmātĕkā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your ground/land", "*bĕhemtekā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your cattle/livestock", "*šĕgar*": "masculine singular construct - offspring/increase of", "*ʾălāpêkā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your cattle/oxen", "*ʿaštĕrôt*": "feminine plural construct - young/offspring of", "*ṣōʾnekā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your flock/sheep" }, "variants": { "*pĕrî*": "fruit/produce/offspring", "*biṭnĕkā*": "your womb/body [refers to children]", "*šĕgar*": "offspring/young ones/increase", "*ʿaštĕrôt*": "young ones/offspring/increase [possibly connected to fertility]" } }
  • Deut 28:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.16", "source": "אָר֥וּר אַתָּ֖ה בָּעִ֑יר וְאָר֥וּר אַתָּ֖ה בַּשָּׂדֶֽה׃", "text": "*ʾĀrûr* *ʾattāh* in the *ʿîr* and *ʾārûr* *ʾattāh* in the *śādeh*.", "grammar": { "*ʾĀrûr*": "passive participle, Qal, masculine singular - cursed", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd masculine singular pronoun - you", "*ʿîr*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the city", "*ʾārûr*": "passive participle, Qal, masculine singular - cursed", "*śādeh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the field" }, "variants": { "*ʾĀrûr*": "cursed/under curse", "*ʿîr*": "city/town", "*śādeh*": "field/open country/land" } }
  • Job 18:16-19 : 16 { "verseID": "Job.18.16", "source": "מִתַּחַת שָׁרָשָׁיו יִבָשׁוּ וּמִמַּעַל יִמַּל קְצִירוֹ", "text": "*mittaḥaṯ šārāšāyw yiḇāšû ûmimmaʿal yimmal qəṣîrô*", "grammar": { "*mittaḥaṯ*": "preposition - from beneath", "*šārāšāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his roots", "*yiḇāšû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will dry up", "*ûmimmaʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and from above", "*yimmal*": "Poal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it will be cut off", "*qəṣîrô*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his harvest" }, "variants": { "*mittaḥaṯ*": "from beneath/below/underneath", "*šārāšāyw*": "his roots/foundations", "*yiḇāšû*": "they will dry up/wither/be dried", "*ûmimmaʿal*": "and from above/overhead", "*yimmal*": "will be cut off/withered/destroyed", "*qəṣîrô*": "his harvest/branch/crop" } } 17 { "verseID": "Job.18.17", "source": "זִכְרוֹ־אָבַד מִנִּי־אָרֶץ וְלֹא־שֵׁם לוֹ עַל־פְּנֵי־חוּץ", "text": "*ziḵrô-ʾāḇaḏ minnî-ʾāreṣ wəlōʾ-šēm lô ʿal-pənê-ḥûṣ*", "grammar": { "*ziḵrô*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his memory", "*ʾāḇaḏ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it perishes", "*minnî-ʾāreṣ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - from the earth", "*wəlōʾ-šēm*": "conjunction + negative particle + noun, masculine singular - and no name", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*ʿal-pənê-ḥûṣ*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct + noun, masculine singular - upon the face of the street" }, "variants": { "*ziḵrô*": "his memory/remembrance/memorial", "*ʾāḇaḏ*": "perishes/is lost/vanishes", "*minnî-ʾāreṣ*": "from the earth/land", "*wəlōʾ-šēm lô*": "and no name to him/he has no reputation", "*ʿal-pənê-ḥûṣ*": "upon the face of the street/in public/in the open" } } 18 { "verseID": "Job.18.18", "source": "יֶהְדְּפֻהוּ מֵאוֹר אֶל־חֹשֶׁךְ וּמִתֵּבֵל יְנִדֻּהוּ", "text": "*yehdəp̄uhû mēʾôr ʾel-ḥōšeḵ ûmittēḇēl yənidduhû*", "grammar": { "*yehdəp̄uhû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - they drive him", "*mēʾôr*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - from light", "*ʾel-ḥōšeḵ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - to darkness", "*ûmittēḇēl*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine singular - and from the world", "*yənidduhû*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - they chase him" }, "variants": { "*yehdəp̄uhû*": "they drive him/thrust him/push him away", "*mēʾôr*": "from light/illumination", "*ʾel-ḥōšeḵ*": "to darkness/obscurity", "*ûmittēḇēl*": "and from the world/habitable earth", "*yənidduhû*": "they chase him/force him away/banish him" } } 19 { "verseID": "Job.18.19", "source": "לֹא נִין לוֹ וְלֹא־נֶכֶד בְּעַמּוֹ וְאֵין שָׂרִיד בִּמְגוּרָיו", "text": "*lōʾ nîn lô wəlōʾ-neḵeḏ bəʿammô wəʾên śārîḏ bimgûrāyw*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*nîn*": "noun, masculine singular - offspring", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*wəlōʾ-neḵeḏ*": "conjunction + negative particle + noun, masculine singular - and no posterity", "*bəʿammô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his people", "*wəʾên*": "conjunction + particle of negation - and there is not", "*śārîḏ*": "noun, masculine singular - survivor", "*bimgûrāyw*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his dwellings" }, "variants": { "*lōʾ nîn lô*": "no offspring to him/he has no son", "*wəlōʾ-neḵeḏ*": "and no posterity/grandson/descendant", "*bəʿammô*": "in his people/relatives/family", "*wəʾên śārîḏ*": "and there is no survivor/remnant", "*bimgûrāyw*": "in his dwellings/places where he sojourned" } }
  • Ps 109:9-9 : 9 { "verseID": "Psalms.109.9", "source": "יִֽהְיוּ־בָנָ֥יו יְתוֹמִ֑ים וְ֝אִשְׁתּוֹ אַלְמָנָֽה׃", "text": "*Yihyû*-*bānāyw* *yətômîm* and-*ʾištô* *ʾalmānâ*.", "grammar": { "*Yihyû*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will be", "*bānāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sons/children", "*yətômîm*": "noun, masculine plural - orphans", "*ʾištô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his wife", "*ʾalmānâ*": "noun, feminine singular - widow" }, "variants": { "*bānāyw*": "his sons/his children", "*yətômîm*": "orphans/fatherless" } } 10 { "verseID": "Psalms.109.10", "source": "וְנ֤וֹעַ יָנ֣וּעוּ בָנָ֣יו וְשִׁאֵ֑לוּ וְ֝דָרְשׁ֗וּ מֵחָרְבוֹתֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "And-*nôaʿ* *yānûʿû* *bānāyw* and-*šiʾēlû* and-*dārəšû* from-*ḥorbôtêhem*.", "grammar": { "*nôaʿ* *yānûʿû*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute followed by qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - wandering they will wander (emphatic)", "*bānāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sons/children", "*šiʾēlû*": "verb, piel perfect 3rd person plural - they will beg", "*dārəšû*": "verb, qal perfect 3rd person plural - they will seek", "*ḥorbôtêhem*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their ruins/desolate places" }, "variants": { "*nôaʿ* *yānûʿû*": "continually wander/constantly move about/be vagabonds", "*šiʾēlû*": "beg/ask for alms/seek help", "*ḥorbôtêhem*": "their ruins/their desolate places/their devastated homes" } } 11 { "verseID": "Psalms.109.11", "source": "יְנַקֵּ֣שׁ נ֭וֹשֶׁה לְכָל־אֲשֶׁר־ל֑וֹ וְיָבֹ֖זּוּ זָרִ֣ים יְגִיעֽוֹ׃", "text": "*Yənaqqēš* *nôšeh* to-all-that-to-him and-*yābōzzû* *zārîm* *yəgîʿô*.", "grammar": { "*Yənaqqēš*": "verb, piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will seize/trap", "*nôšeh*": "participle, qal masculine singular - creditor/one who lends", "*yābōzzû*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will plunder", "*zārîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - strangers/foreigners", "*yəgîʿô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his labor/product/gain" }, "variants": { "*Yənaqqēš*": "ensnare/trap/seize", "*nôšeh*": "creditor/moneylender/usurer", "*zārîm*": "strangers/foreigners/outsiders", "*yəgîʿô*": "his labor/his product/his earnings/fruit of his work" } } 12 { "verseID": "Psalms.109.12", "source": "אַל־יְהִי־ל֭וֹ מֹשֵׁ֣ךְ חָ֑סֶד וְֽאַל־יְהִ֥י ח֝וֹנֵ֗ן לִיתוֹמָֽיו׃", "text": "Not *yəhî*-to-him *mōšēk* *ḥāsed* and-not *yəhî* *ḥônēn* to-*yətômāyw*.", "grammar": { "*yəhî*": "verb, qal jussive 3rd person masculine singular - let there be", "*mōšēk*": "participle, qal masculine singular - one who extends/continues", "*ḥāsed*": "noun, masculine singular - loyalty/kindness/mercy", "*ḥônēn*": "participle, qal masculine singular - one who shows favor/is gracious", "*yətômāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his orphans/fatherless children" }, "variants": { "*mōšēk* *ḥāsed*": "one who extends kindness/continues mercy/prolongs loyalty", "*ḥāsed*": "covenant loyalty/kindness/mercy/faithfulness", "*ḥônēn*": "showing favor/being gracious/having compassion" } } 13 { "verseID": "Psalms.109.13", "source": "יְהִֽי־אַחֲרִית֥וֹ לְהַכְרִ֑ית בְּד֥וֹר אַ֝חֵ֗ר יִמַּ֥ח שְׁמָֽם׃", "text": "*Yəhî*-*ʾaḥărîtô* *ləhakrît* in-*dôr* *ʾaḥēr* *yimmaḥ* *šəmām*.", "grammar": { "*Yəhî*": "verb, qal jussive 3rd person masculine singular - let it be", "*ʾaḥărîtô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his posterity/end", "*ləhakrît*": "verb, hiphil infinitive construct with prefixed preposition lə- - to cut off/destroy", "*dôr*": "noun, masculine singular - generation", "*ʾaḥēr*": "adjective, masculine singular - next/following/another", "*yimmaḥ*": "verb, niphal jussive 3rd person masculine singular - let be blotted out", "*šəmām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their name" }, "variants": { "*ʾaḥărîtô*": "his posterity/his future/his descendants/his end", "*ləhakrît*": "to cut off/to destroy/to eliminate", "*yimmaḥ*": "be wiped out/be blotted out/be erased" } } 14 { "verseID": "Psalms.109.14", "source": "יִזָּכֵ֤ר ׀ עֲוֺ֣ן אֲ֭בֹתָיו אֶל־יְהוָ֑ה וְחַטַּ֥את אִ֝מּ֗וֹ אַל־תִּמָּֽח׃", "text": "*Yizzākēr* *ʿăwōn* *ʾăbōtāyw* to-*YHWH* and-*ḥaṭṭaʾt* *ʾimmô* not *timmāḥ*.", "grammar": { "*Yizzākēr*": "verb, niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - let be remembered", "*ʿăwōn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - iniquity of", "*ʾăbōtāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his fathers", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ḥaṭṭaʾt*": "noun, feminine singular construct - sin of", "*ʾimmô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his mother", "*timmāḥ*": "verb, niphal jussive 3rd person feminine singular - let be blotted out" }, "variants": { "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment for iniquity", "*ḥaṭṭaʾt*": "sin/offense/purification offering" } } 15 { "verseID": "Psalms.109.15", "source": "יִהְי֣וּ נֶֽגֶד־יְהוָ֣ה תָּמִ֑יד וְיַכְרֵ֖ת מֵאֶ֣רֶץ זִכְרָֽם׃", "text": "*Yihyû* before-*YHWH* *tāmîd* and-*yakrēt* from-*ʾereṣ* *zikrām*.", "grammar": { "*Yihyû*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will be", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*tāmîd*": "adverb - continually/always", "*yakrēt*": "verb, hiphil jussive 3rd person masculine singular - let him cut off", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - land/earth", "*zikrām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their memory/remembrance" }, "variants": { "*tāmîd*": "continually/always/perpetually", "*yakrēt*": "cut off/destroy/eliminate", "*zikrām*": "their memory/their remembrance/their memorial" } }
  • Lam 2:11-12 : 11 { "verseID": "Lamentations.2.11", "source": "כָּל֨וּ בַדְּמָע֤וֹת עֵינַי֙ חֳמַרְמְר֣וּ מֵעַ֔י נִשְׁפַּ֤ךְ לָאָ֙רֶץ֙ כְּבֵדִ֔י עַל־שֶׁ֖בֶר בַּת־עַמִּ֑י בֵּֽעָטֵ֤ף עוֹלֵל֙ וְיוֹנֵ֔ק בִּרְחֹב֖וֹת קִרְיָֽה׃", "text": "*kālû* in-*dəmāʿôṯ* *ʿênay* *ḥomarmərû* *mēʿay* *nišpaḵ* to-*ʾāreṣ* *kəḇēḏî* on-*šeḇer* daughter-*ʿammî* in-*bēʿāṭēp̄* *ʿôlēl* and-*yônēq* in-*rəḥōḇôṯ* *qiryâ*", "grammar": { "*kālû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they have been consumed", "*ḇaddəmāʿôṯ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine plural - with tears", "*ʿênay*": "noun, feminine dual + 1st common singular suffix - my eyes", "*ḥomarmərû*": "pealal perfect, 3rd common plural - they are fermented/troubled", "*mēʿay*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st common singular suffix - my inward parts", "*nišpaḵ*": "niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it is poured out", "*lāʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - to the ground", "*kəḇēḏî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st common singular suffix - my liver/glory", "*ʿal-šeḇer*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - because of the destruction of", "*baṯ-ʿammî*": "construct chain + 1st common singular suffix - daughter of my people", "*bēʿāṭēp̄*": "preposition + niphal infinitive construct - as faints", "*ʿôlēl*": "noun, masculine singular - child/infant", "*wəyônēq*": "conjunction + qal participle, masculine singular - and nursing infant", "*birḥōḇôṯ*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural construct - in streets of", "*qiryâ*": "noun, feminine singular - city" }, "variants": { "*kālû*": "be consumed/come to an end/be spent", "*ḥomarmərû*": "be troubled/be agitated/ferment/be in turmoil", "*mēʿay*": "inward parts/bowels/entrails/emotions", "*nišpaḵ*": "be poured out/be spilled", "*kəḇēḏî*": "liver/inner self/glory/honor", "*šeḇer*": "destruction/ruin/breach/breaking", "*bēʿāṭēp̄*": "faint/grow weak/be feeble", "*ʿôlēl*": "child/infant", "*yônēq*": "nursing infant/suckling" } } 12 { "verseID": "Lamentations.2.12", "source": "לְאִמֹּתָם֙ יֹֽאמְר֔וּ אַיֵּ֖ה דָּגָ֣ן וָיָ֑יִן בְּהִֽתְעַטְּפָ֤ם כֶּֽחָלָל֙ בִּרְחֹב֣וֹת עִ֔יר בְּהִשְׁתַּפֵּ֣ךְ נַפְשָׁ֔ם אֶל־חֵ֖יק אִמֹּתָֽם׃", "text": "To-*ʾimmōṯām* *yōʾmərû* *ʾayyēh* *dāḡān* and-*yāyin* in-*bəhiṯʿaṭṭəp̄ām* like-*ḥālāl* in-*rəḥōḇôṯ* *ʿîr* in-*bəhištappēḵ* *nap̄šām* to-*ḥêq* *ʾimmōṯām*", "grammar": { "*ləʾimmōṯām*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to their mothers", "*yōʾmərû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they say", "*ʾayyēh*": "interrogative adverb - where", "*dāḡān*": "noun, masculine singular - grain/corn", "*wāyāyin*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and wine", "*bəhiṯʿaṭṭəp̄ām*": "preposition + hithpael infinitive construct + 3rd masculine plural suffix - when they faint", "*keḥālāl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - like the wounded/slain", "*birḥōḇôṯ*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural construct - in streets of", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular - city", "*bəhištappēḵ*": "preposition + hithpael infinitive construct - as pours itself out", "*nap̄šām*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their life/soul", "*ʾel-ḥêq*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - into the bosom of", "*ʾimmōṯām*": "noun, feminine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their mothers" }, "variants": { "*yōʾmərû*": "say/speak/tell", "*ʾayyēh*": "where/how", "*dāḡān*": "grain/corn", "*yāyin*": "wine", "*bəhiṯʿaṭṭəp̄ām*": "when they faint/when they grow weak", "*ḥālāl*": "wounded/slain/pierced", "*bəhištappēḵ*": "pour out oneself/be poured out", "*nap̄šām*": "soul/life/self/person", "*ḥêq*": "bosom/lap" } }
  • Lam 2:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Lamentations.2.20", "source": "רְאֵ֤ה יְהוָה֙ וְֽהַבִּ֔יטָה לְמִ֖י עוֹלַ֣לְתָּ כֹּ֑ה אִם־תֹּאכַ֨לְנָה נָשִׁ֤ים פִּרְיָם֙ עֹלֲלֵ֣י טִפֻּחִ֔ים אִם־יֵהָרֵ֛ג בְּמִקְדַּ֥שׁ אֲדֹנָ֖י כֹּהֵ֥ן וְנָבִֽיא׃", "text": "*rəʾēh* *YHWH* and-*habḇîṭâ* to-whom *ʿôlaltā* thus if-*tōʾḵalnâ* *nāšîm* *piryām* *ʿōlălê* *ṭippuḥîm* if-*yēhārēḡ* in-*miqdaš* *ʾăḏōnāy* *kōhēn* and-*nāḇîʾ*", "grammar": { "*rəʾēh*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - see/look", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD", "*wəhabḇîṭâ*": "conjunction + hiphil imperative, masculine singular + paragogic he - and observe/consider", "*ləmî*": "preposition + interrogative - to whom", "*ʿôlaltā*": "poel perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you have done/dealt severely", "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾim-tōʾḵalnâ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - if they shall eat", "*nāšîm*": "noun, feminine plural - women", "*piryām*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their fruit", "*ʿōlălê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - children of", "*ṭippuḥîm*": "noun, masculine plural - span/handbreadths", "*ʾim-yēhārēḡ*": "conjunction + niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - if shall be slain", "*bəmiqdaš*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in sanctuary of", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular - Lord", "*kōhēn*": "noun, masculine singular - priest", "*wənāḇîʾ*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and prophet" }, "variants": { "*habḇîṭâ*": "look/observe/regard/consider", "*ʿôlaltā*": "deal severely with/inflict/abuse", "*piryām*": "fruit/offspring", "*ʿōlălê*": "children/infants", "*ṭippuḥîm*": "those carefully raised/those tenderly cared for", "*yēhārēḡ*": "be killed/be slain", "*miqdaš*": "sanctuary/holy place/temple" } }
  • Hos 9:11-14 : 11 { "verseID": "Hosea.9.11", "source": "אֶפְרַ֕יִם כָּע֖וֹף יִתְעוֹפֵ֣ף כְּבוֹדָ֑ם מִלֵּדָ֥ה וּמִבֶּ֖טֶן וּמֵהֵרָיֽוֹן׃", "text": "*ʾEprayim* like-the-*ʿôp* *yitʿôpēp* *kebôdām* from-*lēdāh* and-from-*beṭen* and-from-*hērāyôn*.", "grammar": { "*ʾEprayim*": "proper noun - 'Ephraim' (northern kingdom)", "*ʿôp*": "masculine singular noun - 'bird/fowl'", "*yitʿôpēp*": "hithpael imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'will fly away'", "*kebôdām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'their glory'", "*lēdāh*": "feminine singular noun - 'birth/childbirth'", "*beṭen*": "masculine singular noun - 'womb/belly'", "*hērāyôn*": "masculine singular noun - 'conception/pregnancy'" }, "variants": { "*ʿôp*": "bird/fowl/flying creature", "*yitʿôpēp*": "will fly away/will flutter away/will vanish", "*kebôdām*": "their glory/their honor/their abundance", "*lēdāh*": "birth/childbirth/delivery", "*beṭen*": "womb/belly/pregnancy", "*hērāyôn*": "conception/pregnancy" } } 12 { "verseID": "Hosea.9.12", "source": "כִּ֤י אִם־יְגַדְּלוּ֙ אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶ֔ם וְשִׁכַּלְתִּ֖ים מֵֽאָדָ֑ם כִּֽי־גַם־א֥וֹי לָהֶ֖ם בְּשׂוּרִ֥י מֵהֶֽם׃", "text": "Because if-*yegaddelû* *ʾet*-*benêhem* and-*wešikkaltîm* from-*ʾādām*; because-also-*ʾôy* to-them when-*sûrî* from-them.", "grammar": { "*yegaddelû*": "piel imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'they bring up/rear'", "*benêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'their sons'", "*wešikkaltîm*": "piel perfect 1st singular with vav consecutive and 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'I will bereave them'", "*ʾādām*": "masculine singular noun - 'man/mankind'", "*ʾôy*": "interjection - 'woe!'", "*sûrî*": "qal infinitive construct with 1st singular suffix - 'my turning away'" }, "variants": { "*yegaddelû*": "they bring up/they rear/they raise", "*wešikkaltîm*": "I will bereave them/I will make them childless", "*ʾādām*": "man/mankind/humanity", "*ʾôy*": "woe/alas/disaster", "*sûrî*": "my turning away/my departing/when I depart" } } 13 { "verseID": "Hosea.9.13", "source": "אֶפְרַ֛יִם כַּאֲשֶׁר־רָאִ֥יתִי לְצ֖וֹר שְׁתוּלָ֣ה בְנָוֶ֑ה וְאֶפְרַ֕יִם לְהוֹצִ֥יא אֶל־הֹרֵ֖ג בָּנָֽיו׃", "text": "*ʾEprayim* as-that-*rāʾîtî* to-*ṣôr* *šetûlāh* in-*nāweh*; and-*ʾeprayim* to-*hôṣîʾ* to-*hōrēg* *bānāyw*.", "grammar": { "*ʾEprayim*": "proper noun - 'Ephraim' (northern kingdom)", "*rāʾîtî*": "qal perfect 1st singular - 'I saw/have seen'", "*ṣôr*": "proper noun - 'Tyre'", "*šetûlāh*": "qal passive participle feminine singular - 'planted'", "*nāweh*": "masculine singular noun - 'pasture/meadow/habitation'", "*hôṣîʾ*": "hifil infinitive construct - 'to bring out'", "*hōrēg*": "qal participle masculine singular - 'killer/slayer'", "*bānāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his sons'" }, "variants": { "*ṣôr*": "Tyre (or possibly 'a rock/rocky place')", "*šetûlāh*": "planted/established/set", "*nāweh*": "pasture/meadow/habitation/pleasant place", "*hôṣîʾ*": "to bring out/to lead out", "*hōrēg*": "killer/slayer/murderer" } } 14 { "verseID": "Hosea.9.14", "source": "תֵּן־לָהֶ֥ם יְהוָ֖ה מַה־תִּתֵּ֑ן תֵּן־לָהֶם֙ רֶ֣חֶם מַשְׁכִּ֔יל וְשָׁדַ֖יִם צֹמְקִֽים׃", "text": "Give-to-them *YHWH* what-*tittēn*; give-to-them *reḥem* *maškîl* and-*šādayim* *ṣōmeqîm*.", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*tittēn*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - 'you will give'", "*reḥem*": "masculine singular noun - 'womb'", "*maškîl*": "hifil participle masculine singular - 'causing miscarriage'", "*šādayim*": "masculine dual noun - 'breasts'", "*ṣōmeqîm*": "qal participle masculine plural - 'dried up/shriveled'" }, "variants": { "*tittēn*": "you will give/you should give", "*reḥem* *maškîl*": "miscarrying womb/barren womb", "*šādayim* *ṣōmeqîm*": "dried up breasts/shriveled breasts" } }
  • Hab 3:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Habakkuk.3.17", "source": "כִּֽי־תְאֵנָ֣ה לֹֽא־תִפְרָ֗ח וְאֵ֤ין יְבוּל֙ בַּגְּפָנִ֔ים כִּחֵשׁ֙ מַעֲשֵׂה־זַ֔יִת וּשְׁדֵמ֖וֹת לֹא־עָ֣שָׂה אֹ֑כֶל גָּזַ֤ר מִמִּכְלָה֙ צֹ֔אן וְאֵ֥ין בָּקָ֖ר בָּרְפָתִֽים׃", "text": "For *tǝʾēnāh* not *ṯip̄rāḥ* and no *yǝḇûl* in the *gǝp̄ānîm*, fails *maʿăśēh-zayiṯ* and *šǝḏēmôṯ* not *ʿāśāh ʾōḵel*, cut-off from *mikǝlāh* *ṣōʾn* and no *bāqār* in the *rǝp̄āṯîm*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/though/although", "*tǝʾēnāh*": "noun feminine singular - fig tree", "*lōʾ-ṯip̄rāḥ*": "negative particle with qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - does not blossom", "*wǝʾên*": "conjunction with particle of non-existence - and there is no", "*yǝḇûl*": "noun masculine singular - produce/yield/fruit", "*baggǝp̄ānîm*": "preposition *bə* with definite article and noun masculine plural - in the vines", "*kiḥēš*": "piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular - fails/deceives", "*maʿăśēh-zayiṯ*": "noun masculine singular construct with noun - produce of olive", "*ûšǝḏēmôṯ*": "conjunction with noun feminine plural - and fields", "*lōʾ-ʿāśāh*": "negative particle with qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - does not yield", "*ʾōḵel*": "noun masculine singular - food", "*gāzar*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - is cut off", "*mimmikǝlāh*": "preposition *min* with noun feminine singular - from fold", "*ṣōʾn*": "noun feminine singular - flock/sheep", "*wǝʾên*": "conjunction with particle of non-existence - and there is no", "*bāqār*": "noun masculine singular - cattle/herd", "*bārǝp̄āṯîm*": "preposition *bə* with definite article and noun feminine plural - in the stalls" }, "variants": { "*kiḥēš maʿăśēh-zayiṯ*": "olive crop fails/olive harvest disappoints/labor of olive tree is in vain", "*gāzar mimmikǝlāh ṣōʾn*": "sheep are cut off from the fold/flock is cut off from the pen" } }
  • Mal 2:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Malachi.2.3", "source": "הִנְנִ֨י גֹעֵ֤ר לָכֶם֙ אֶת־הַזֶּ֔רַע וְזֵרִ֤יתִי פֶ֙רֶשׁ֙ עַל־פְּנֵיכֶ֔ם פֶּ֖רֶשׁ חַגֵּיכֶ֑ם וְנָשָׂ֥א אֶתְכֶ֖ם אֵלָֽיו׃", "text": "*hinnî* *gōʿēr* to-you *ʾet*-the-*zeraʿ* and-*zērîtî* *pereš* upon-*pənêkem* *pereš* *ḥaggêkem* and-*nāśāʾ* you to-it", "grammar": { "*hinnî*": "particle with 1st person singular suffix - behold me/I am", "*gōʿēr*": "qal participle masculine singular - rebuking/threatening", "*zeraʿ*": "masculine singular noun - seed/offspring", "*zērîtî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I will scatter/spread", "*pereš*": "masculine singular noun - dung/offal/refuse", "*pənêkem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your faces", "*ḥaggêkem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your feasts/festivals", "*nāśāʾ*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will carry/lift/take away" }, "variants": { "*gōʿēr*": "rebuking/threatening/corrupting", "*zeraʿ*": "seed/offspring/descendants/sowing", "*zērîtî*": "I will scatter/spread/disperse/winnow", "*pereš*": "dung/offal/refuse/filth", "*ḥaggêkem*": "your festivals/feasts/sacred celebrations", "*nāśāʾ*": "he will lift/carry/bear/take away" } }
  • Luke 23:29-30 : 29 { "verseID": "Luke.23.29", "source": "Ὅτι, ἰδού, ἔρχονται ἡμέραι, ἐν αἷς ἐροῦσιν, Μακάριαι αἱ στεῖραι, καὶ κοιλίαι αἳ οὐκ ἐγέννησαν, καὶ μαστοὶ οἳ οὐκ ἔθήλασαν.", "text": "For, *idou*, *erchontai* *hēmerai*, in which they-will-*erousin*, *Makariai* the *steirai*, and *koiliai* which not *egennēsan*, and *mastoi* which not *ethēlasan*.", "grammar": { "*idou*": "aorist middle imperative, 2nd singular - behold/look/see", "*erchontai*": "present middle/passive indicative, 3rd plural - are coming", "*hēmerai*": "nominative plural feminine - days", "αἷς": "relative pronoun, dative plural feminine - which/whom", "*erousin*": "future active indicative, 3rd plural - they will say", "*Makariai*": "nominative plural feminine - blessed/happy", "*steirai*": "nominative plural feminine - barren women", "*koiliai*": "nominative plural feminine - wombs", "*egennēsan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd plural - gave birth/bore", "*mastoi*": "nominative plural masculine - breasts", "*ethēlasan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd plural - nursed/gave suck" }, "variants": { "*idou*": "behold/look/see", "*erchontai*": "come/are coming", "*hēmerai*": "days/time", "*erousin*": "will say/speak", "*Makariai*": "blessed/happy/fortunate", "*steirai*": "barren women/sterile", "*koiliai*": "wombs/bellies", "*egennēsan*": "gave birth/bore/generated", "*mastoi*": "breasts/chest", "*ethēlasan*": "nursed/suckled/gave suck" } } 30 { "verseID": "Luke.23.30", "source": "Τότε ἄρξονται λέγειν τοῖς ὄρεσιν, Πέσετε ἐφʼ ἡμᾶς· καὶ τοῖς βουνοῖς, Καλύψατε ἡμᾶς.", "text": "Then they-will-*arxontai* *legein* to-the *oresin*, *Pesete* upon us; and to-the *bounois*, *Kalypsate* us.", "grammar": { "*arxontai*": "future middle indicative, 3rd plural - will begin", "*legein*": "present active infinitive - to say/speak", "*oresin*": "dative plural neuter - to mountains", "*Pesete*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd plural - fall", "ἡμᾶς": "accusative plural - us", "*bounois*": "dative plural masculine - to hills", "*Kalypsate*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd plural - cover/hide" }, "variants": { "*arxontai*": "will begin/start", "*legein*": "to say/speak/tell", "*oresin*": "mountains", "*Pesete*": "fall/collapse", "*bounois*": "hills/mounds", "*Kalypsate*": "cover/hide/conceal" } }
  • Lev 26:19-20 : 19 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.19", "source": "וְשָׁבַרְתִּ֖י אֶת־גְּא֣וֹן עֻזְּכֶ֑ם וְנָתַתִּ֤י אֶת־שְׁמֵיכֶם֙ כַּבַּרְזֶ֔ל וְאֶֽת־אַרְצְכֶ֖ם כַּנְּחֻשָֽׁה׃", "text": "And *wə-šāḇartî* *ʾet*-*gəʾôn* *ʿuzzəḵem* and *wə-nāṯattî* *ʾet*-*šəmêḵem* like *ka-barzel* and *wə-ʾet*-*ʾarṣəḵem* like *ka-nəḥušâ*.", "grammar": { "*wə-šāḇartî*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will break", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*gəʾôn*": "construct state, masculine singular - pride of", "*ʿuzzəḵem*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your strength", "*wə-nāṯattî*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will make/set", "*šəmêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your heavens", "*ka-barzel*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - like iron", "*ʾarṣəḵem*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your land/earth", "*ka-nəḥušâ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - like bronze/copper" }, "variants": { "*šāḇartî*": "break/shatter/destroy", "*gəʾôn*": "pride/majesty/exaltation", "*ʿuzzəḵem*": "strength/might/power", "*nāṯattî*": "give/put/set/make", "*barzel*": "iron", "*nəḥušâ*": "bronze/copper" } } 20 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.20", "source": "וְתַ֥ם לָרִ֖יק כֹּחֲכֶ֑ם וְלֹֽא־תִתֵּ֤ן אַרְצְכֶם֙ אֶת־יְבוּלָ֔הּ וְעֵ֣ץ הָאָ֔רֶץ לֹ֥א יִתֵּ֖ן פִּרְיֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *wə-tam* for *lārîq* *kōḥăḵem* and *wə-lōʾ*-*titten* *ʾarṣəḵem* *ʾet*-*yəḇûlāh* and *wə-ʿēṣ* *hā-ʾāreṣ* *lōʾ* *yitten* *piryô*.", "grammar": { "*wə-tam*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and will be consumed/spent", "*lārîq*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - for emptiness/vanity", "*kōḥăḵem*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your strength", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*titten*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - she will give", "*ʾarṣəḵem*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your land", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yəḇûlāh*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her produce/yield", "*wə-ʿēṣ*": "conjunction + masculine singular construct - and tree of", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the land/earth", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yitten*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will give", "*piryô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his fruit" }, "variants": { "*tam*": "be finished/consumed/exhausted", "*lārîq*": "for emptiness/vanity/nothingness", "*kōḥăḵem*": "strength/power/might", "*titten*": "give/yield/produce", "*yəḇûlāh*": "produce/yield/increase", "*ʿēṣ*": "tree/wood", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground", "*piry*": "fruit/produce" } }
  • Lev 26:26 : 26 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.26", "source": "בְּשִׁבְרִ֣י לָכֶם֮ מַטֵּה־לֶחֶם֒ וְ֠אָפוּ עֶ֣שֶׂר נָשִׁ֤ים לַחְמְכֶם֙ בְּתַנּ֣וּר אֶחָ֔ד וְהֵשִׁ֥יבוּ לַחְמְכֶ֖ם בַּמִּשְׁקָ֑ל וַאֲכַלְתֶּ֖ם וְלֹ֥א תִשְׂבָּֽעוּ׃", "text": "In *bə-šiḇrî* to you *lāḵem* *maṭṭēh*-*leḥem* and *wə-ʾāp̄û* *ʿeśer* *nāšîm* your bread *laḥməḵem* in *bə-tannûr* *ʾeḥāḏ* and *wə-hēšîḇû* your bread *laḥməḵem* by *ba-mišqāl* and *wa-ʾăḵaltem* and *wə-lōʾ* *ṯiśbāʿû*.", "grammar": { "*bə-šiḇrî*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct with 1st person singular suffix - when I break", "*lāḵem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - to/for you", "*maṭṭēh*": "masculine singular construct - staff/rod of", "*leḥem*": "masculine singular noun - bread/food", "*wə-ʾāp̄û*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - and they will bake", "*ʿeśer*": "cardinal number - ten", "*nāšîm*": "feminine plural noun - women", "*laḥməḵem*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your bread", "*bə-tannûr*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - in oven", "*ʾeḥāḏ*": "cardinal number - one", "*wə-hēšîḇû*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 3rd person common plural - and they will return/give back", "*ba-mišqāl*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - by weight", "*wa-ʾăḵaltem*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - and you will eat", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ṯiśbāʿû*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you will be satisfied" }, "variants": { "*šiḇrî*": "break/shatter/destroy", "*maṭṭēh*": "staff/rod/support", "*leḥem*": "bread/food/sustenance", "*ʾāp̄û*": "bake/cook", "*nāšîm*": "women", "*laḥməḵem*": "your bread/food", "*tannûr*": "oven/furnace", "*hēšîḇû*": "return/restore/bring back", "*mišqāl*": "weight/measure", "*ʾăḵaltem*": "eat/consume", "*ṯiśbāʿû*": "be satisfied/filled/have enough" } }
  • Deut 5:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.5.9", "source": "לֹא־תִשְׁתַּחֲוֶ֥֣ה לָהֶ֖ם֮ וְלֹ֣א תָעָבְדֵ֑ם֒ כִּ֣י אָנֹכִ֞י יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ אֵ֣ל קַנָּ֔א פֹּ֠קֵד עֲוֺ֨ן אָב֧וֹת עַל־בָּנִ֛ים וְעַל־שִׁלֵּשִׁ֥ים וְעַל־רִבֵּעִ֖ים לְשֹׂנְאָֽ֑י", "text": "Not-*tištaḥăweh* to-them and-not *tāʿobdēm* *kî* *ʾānōkî* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* *ʾēl* *qannāʾ* *pōqēd* *ʿăwōn* *ʾābôt* upon-*bānîm* and-upon-*šillēšîm* and-upon-*ribbēʿîm* to-*śōnəʾāy*", "grammar": { "*tištaḥăweh*": "Hishtaphel imperfect 2ms - you shall bow down", "*tāʿobdēm*": "Qal imperfect 2ms + 3mp suffix - you shall serve them", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾānōkî*": "personal pronoun 1cs - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "common noun, masculine plural construct + 2ms suffix - your God", "*ʾēl*": "common noun, masculine singular - God/deity", "*qannāʾ*": "adjective masculine singular - jealous", "*pōqēd*": "Qal participle masculine singular - visiting", "*ʿăwōn*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - iniquity of", "*ʾābôt*": "common noun, masculine plural - fathers", "*bānîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - children/sons", "*šillēšîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - third generation", "*ribbēʿîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - fourth generation", "*śōnəʾāy*": "Qal participle masculine plural construct + 1cs suffix - those hating me" }, "variants": { "*tištaḥăweh*": "you shall bow down/you shall prostrate yourself/you shall worship", "*tāʿobdēm*": "you shall serve them/you shall worship them/you shall be enslaved to them", "*ʾēl*": "God/deity/divine being", "*qannāʾ*": "jealous/zealous/passionate", "*pōqēd*": "visiting/punishing/attending to", "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment", "*śōnəʾāy*": "those hating me/my enemies/those rejecting me" } }