Verse 11

{ "verseID": "Exodus.18.11", "source": "עַתָּ֣ה יָדַ֔עְתִּי כִּֽי־גָד֥וֹל יְהוָ֖ה מִכָּל־הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים כִּ֣י בַדָּבָ֔ר אֲשֶׁ֥ר זָד֖וּ עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "Now *yādaʿtî* that-*gādôl* *YHWH* from-all-*hāʾĕlōhîm* for in-*haddābār* which *zādû* against-them", "grammar": { "*yādaʿtî*": "perfect, 1st singular - I know", "*gādôl*": "adjective, masculine singular - great", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the gods/divine beings", "*haddābār*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the thing/matter", "*zādû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they acted presumptuously/proudly" }, "variants": { "*gādôl*": "great/greater/greatest", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "the gods/divine beings/mighty ones", "*haddābār*": "the matter/thing/affair", "*zādû*": "they acted presumptuously/acted proudly/were arrogant/dealt arrogantly" } }

Other Translations

Referenced Verses

  • 2 Chr 2:5 : 5 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.2.5", "source": "וּמִ֤י יַעֲצָר־כֹּ֙חַ֙ לִבְנֽוֹת־ל֣וֹ בַ֔יִת כִּ֧י הַשָּׁמַ֛יִם וּשְׁמֵ֥י הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם לֹ֣א יְכַלְכְּלֻ֑הוּ וּמִ֤י אֲנִי֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֶבְנֶה־לּ֣וֹ בַ֔יִת כִּ֖י אִם־לְהַקְטִ֥יר לְפָנָֽיו׃", "text": "And-who *yaʿăṣār*-*kōaḥ* to-*liḇnôt*-for-him *bayit* for the-*šāmayim* and-*šəmê* the-*šāmayim* not *yəḵalkəlūhû* and-who I that *ʾeḇneh*-for-him *bayit* but only-to-*ləhaqṭîr* before-him.", "grammar": { "*yaʿăṣār*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will retain, maintain", "*kōaḥ*": "common noun, masculine singular - strength, power", "*liḇnôt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to build", "*bayit*": "common noun, masculine singular - house", "*šāmayim*": "common noun, masculine plural - heavens, sky", "*šəmê*": "common noun, masculine plural construct - heavens of", "*yəḵalkəlūhû*": "piel imperfect, 3rd masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - contain/support him", "*ʾeḇneh*": "qal imperfect, 1st common singular - I will build", "*ləhaqṭîr*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to burn incense" }, "variants": { "*yaʿăṣār*-*kōaḥ*": "retain strength, have power, be able", "*yəḵalkəlūhû*": "contain him, support him, sustain him", "*ləhaqṭîr*": "to burn incense, to make offerings, to sacrifice" } }
  • Exod 15:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.11", "source": "מִֽי־כָמֹ֤כָה בָּֽאֵלִם֙ יְהוָ֔ה מִ֥י כָּמֹ֖כָה נֶאְדָּ֣ר בַּקֹּ֑דֶשׁ נוֹרָ֥א תְהִלֹּ֖ת עֹ֥שֵׂה פֶֽלֶא׃", "text": "*mî*-*ḵāmōḵāh* *bāʾēlim* *YHWH* *mî* *kāmōḵāh* *neʾdār* *baqqōḏeš* *nôrāʾ* *təhillōt* *ʿōśēh* *p̄eleʾ*", "grammar": { "*mî*": "interrogative pronoun - who", "*ḵāmōḵāh*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - like you", "*bāʾēlim*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - among the gods", "*YHWH*": "divine name - YHWH", "*neʾdār*": "niphal participle, masculine singular - glorious", "*baqqōḏeš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in holiness", "*nôrāʾ*": "niphal participle, masculine singular - fearful/awesome", "*təhillōt*": "noun, feminine plural - praises", "*ʿōśēh*": "qal participle, masculine singular - doing", "*p̄eleʾ*": "noun, masculine singular - wonder/miracle" }, "variants": { "*ʾēlim*": "gods/mighty ones/divine beings", "*neʾdār*": "glorious/majestic/magnificent", "*baqqōḏeš*": "in holiness/in the sanctuary/in sacredness", "*nôrāʾ*": "fearful/awesome/terrible" } }
  • Ps 95:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Psalms.95.3", "source": "כִּ֤י אֵ֣ל גָּד֣וֹל יְהוָ֑ה וּמֶ֥לֶךְ גָּ֝ד֗וֹל עַל־כָּל־אֱלֹהִֽים", "text": "For *ʾēl* *gādôl* *YHWH* and-*melek* *gādôl* over-all-*ʾĕlōhîm*", "grammar": { "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - God/deity", "*gādôl*": "masculine singular adjective - great", "*YHWH*": "proper name - YHWH", "*melek*": "masculine singular noun - king", "*gādôl*": "masculine singular adjective - great", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - gods/divine beings" }, "variants": { "*ʾēl*": "God/deity/mighty one", "*gādôl*": "great/large/mighty", "*melek*": "king/sovereign", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "gods/divine beings/God (intensive plural)" } }
  • Luke 1:51 : 51 { "verseID": "Luke.1.51", "source": "Ἐποίησεν κράτος ἐν βραχίονι αὐτοῦ· διεσκόρπισεν ὑπερηφάνους διανοίᾳ καρδίας αὐτῶν.", "text": "*Epoiēsen kratos* in *brachioni* of him; *dieskorpisen hyperēphanous dianoiā kardias* of them.", "grammar": { "*Epoiēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he/she/it did/made", "*kratos*": "accusative neuter singular - might/strength/power", "*brachioni*": "dative masculine singular - arm", "*dieskorpisen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he/she/it scattered/dispersed", "*hyperēphanous*": "accusative masculine plural - proud/arrogant ones", "*dianoiā*": "dative feminine singular - in thought/mind/understanding", "*kardias*": "genitive feminine singular - of heart" }, "variants": { "*Epoiēsen kratos*": "performed might/showed strength/demonstrated power", "*brachioni*": "arm (metaphor for power/strength)", "*dieskorpisen*": "scattered/dispersed/separated", "*hyperēphanous*": "proud/arrogant/haughty ones", "*dianoiā kardias*": "in the thought of heart/in the imagination of heart/in the intention of heart" } }
  • Ps 97:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Psalms.97.9", "source": "כִּֽי־אַתָּ֤ה יְהוָ֗ה עֶלְי֥וֹן עַל־כָּל־הָאָ֑רֶץ מְאֹ֥ד נַ֝עֲלֵ֗יתָ עַל־כָּל־אֱלֹהִֽים", "text": "*kî-ʾattāh* *YHWH* *ʿelyôn* *ʿal-kol-hā-ʾāreṣ* *məʾōḏ* *naʿălêṯā* *ʿal-kol-ʾĕlōhîm*", "grammar": { "*kî-ʾattāh*": "conjunction + pronoun, 2nd person masculine singular - for you", "*YHWH*": "proper divine name", "*ʿelyôn*": "adjective, masculine singular - high/exalted", "*ʿal-kol-hā-ʾāreṣ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct + definite article + noun, feminine singular - over all the earth", "*məʾōḏ*": "adverb - very/exceedingly", "*naʿălêṯā*": "niphal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you are exalted", "*ʿal-kol-ʾĕlōhîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine plural - over all gods" }, "variants": { "*kî*": "for/because/indeed", "*ʿelyôn*": "high/exalted/Most High", "*məʾōḏ*": "very/exceedingly/greatly", "*naʿălêṯā*": "you are exalted/you are elevated/you are lifted up", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "gods/divine beings/mighty ones" } }
  • Ps 135:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Psalms.135.5", "source": "כִּ֤י אֲנִ֣י יָ֭דַעְתִּי כִּי־גָד֣וֹל יְהוָ֑ה וַ֝אֲדֹנֵ֗ינוּ מִכָּל־אֱלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "*kī* *ʾănī* *yādaʿtī* *kī*-*gādōl* *YHWH* *waʾădōnēynû* *mikkol*-*ʾĕlōhīm*", "grammar": { "*kī*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾănī*": "personal pronoun, 1st person singular - I", "*yādaʿtī*": "perfect verb, 1st person singular - I know/have known", "*gādōl*": "adjective, masculine singular - great", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*waʾădōnēynû*": "conjunction + noun + 1st person plural suffix - and our Lord", "*mikkol*": "preposition + noun - from all/above all", "*ʾĕlōhīm*": "noun, masculine plural - gods" }, "variants": { "*yādaʿtī*": "I know/I have experienced/I am certain", "*gādōl*": "great/powerful/important", "*ʾădōnēynû*": "our lord/our master", "*ʾĕlōhīm*": "gods/divine beings/mighty ones" } }
  • 1 Chr 16:25 : 25 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.25", "source": "כִּי֩ גָד֨וֹל יְהוָ֤ה וּמְהֻלָּל֙ מְאֹ֔ד וְנוֹרָ֥א ה֖וּא עַל־כָּל־אֱלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "For *gādôl* [great] *YHWH* [the LORD] and *hālal* [praised] *mĕʾōd* [greatly], and *yārēʾ* [feared] *hûʾ* [is he] above-all-*ʾĕlōhîm* [gods].", "grammar": { "*gādôl*": "adjective masculine singular - great", "*hālal*": "pual participle masculine singular - praised", "*mĕʾōd*": "adverb - greatly/exceedingly", "*yārēʾ*": "niphal participle masculine singular - feared/awesome", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he/it", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "plural noun - gods", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*wĕ-* (prefix)": "conjunction - and", "*ʿal-* (prefix)": "preposition - above/over", "*kol-* (prefix)": "construct state - all of" }, "variants": { "*gādôl*": "great/large/important", "*hālal*": "praised/celebrated/commended", "*mĕʾōd*": "greatly/exceedingly/very", "*yārēʾ*": "feared/awesome/terrible", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "gods/divine beings" } }
  • 2 Kgs 5:15 : 15 { "verseID": "2 Kings.5.15", "source": "וַיָּשָׁב֩ אֶל־אִ֨ישׁ הָאֱלֹהִ֜ים ה֣וּא וְכָֽל־מַחֲנֵ֗הוּ וַיָּבֹא֮ וַיַּעֲמֹ֣ד לְפָנָיו֒ וַיֹּ֗אמֶר הִנֵּה־נָ֤א יָדַ֙עְתִּי֙ כִּ֣י אֵ֤ין אֱלֹהִים֙ בְּכָל־הָאָ֔רֶץ כִּ֖י אִם־בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְעַתָּ֛ה קַח־נָ֥א בְרָכָ֖ה מֵאֵ֥ת עַבְדֶּֽךָ׃", "text": "*wa-yāšāḇ* *ʾel*-*ʾîš* *hā-ʾĕlōhîm* *hûʾ* *wə-kāl*-*maḥănēhû* *wa-yāḇōʾ* *wa-yaʿămōd* *lə-pānāyw* *wa-yōʾmer* *hinnēh*-*nāʾ* *yādaʿtî* *kî* *ʾēn* *ʾĕlōhîm* *bə-kāl*-*hā-ʾāreṣ* *kî* *ʾim*-*bə-Yiśrāʾēl* *wə-ʿattāh* *qaḥ*-*nāʾ* *bərākāh* *mē-ʾēt* *ʿaḇdekā*", "grammar": { "*wa-yāšāḇ*": "conjunction with qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he returned", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - man of", "*hā-ʾĕlōhîm*": "definite article with noun, masculine plural - the God (the man of God)", "*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - he", "*wə-kāl*": "conjunction with noun, masculine singular construct - and all of", "*maḥănēhû*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his company/retinue", "*wa-yāḇōʾ*": "conjunction with qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he came", "*wa-yaʿămōd*": "conjunction with qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he stood", "*lə-pānāyw*": "preposition with noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - before him", "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction with qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold", "*nāʾ*": "particle - please", "*yādaʿtî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I know", "*kî*": "conjunction - that", "*ʾēn*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God", "*bə-kāl*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular construct - in all", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article with noun, feminine singular - the earth", "*kî*": "conjunction - but", "*ʾim*": "conjunction - if/except", "*bə-Yiśrāʾēl*": "preposition with proper noun - in Israel", "*wə-ʿattāh*": "conjunction with adverb - and now", "*qaḥ*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - take", "*nāʾ*": "particle - please", "*bərākāh*": "noun, feminine singular - gift/blessing", "*mē-ʾēt*": "preposition - from", "*ʿaḇdekā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your servant" }, "variants": { "*maḥănēhû*": "his company/his retinue/his escort", "*bərākāh*": "gift/blessing/present" } }
  • Neh 9:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.10", "source": "וַ֠תִּתֵּן אֹתֹ֨ת וּמֹֽפְתִ֜ים בְּפַרְעֹ֤ה וּבְכָל־עֲבָדָיו֙ וּבְכָל־עַ֣ם אַרְצ֔וֹ כִּ֣י יָדַ֔עְתָּ כִּ֥י הֵזִ֖ידוּ עֲלֵיהֶ֑ם וַתַּֽעַשׂ־לְךָ֥ שֵׁ֖ם כְּהַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "And *wattittēn* *ʾōtōt* and *mōpətîm* in *Parʿōh* and in all-*ʿăḇādāyw* and in all-*ʿam* *ʾarṣô*, because *yādaʿtā* that *hēzîdû* against them, and *wattaʿaś*-for you *šēm* as *hayyôm* the *zeh*.", "grammar": { "*wattittēn*": "qal imperfect consecutive 2nd person masculine singular - and you gave", "*ʾōtōt*": "masculine plural - signs", "*mōpətîm*": "masculine plural - wonders/portents", "*Parʿōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh", "*ʿăḇādāyw*": "masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his servants", "*ʿam*": "masculine singular construct - people of", "*ʾarṣô*": "feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his land", "*yādaʿtā*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you knew", "*hēzîdû*": "hiphil perfect 3rd person common plural - they acted presumptuously", "*wattaʿaś*": "qal imperfect consecutive 2nd person masculine singular - and you made", "*šēm*": "masculine singular - name", "*hayyôm*": "masculine singular - the day", "*zeh*": "demonstrative adjective - this" }, "variants": { "*wattittēn*": "you gave/provided/placed", "*ʾōtōt*": "signs/tokens/symbols", "*mōpətîm*": "wonders/marvels/portents/miracles", "*ʿăḇādāyw*": "his servants/officials/slaves", "*ʿam*": "people/nation/folk", "*ʾarṣô*": "his land/country/territory", "*yādaʿtā*": "you knew/recognized/were aware", "*hēzîdû*": "they acted presumptuously/proudly/arrogantly", "*wattaʿaś*": "you made/created/established", "*šēm*": "name/reputation/fame", "*hayyôm*": "the day/today" } }
  • Ps 119:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Psalms.119.21", "source": "גָּ֭עַרְתָּ זֵדִ֣ים אֲרוּרִ֑ים הַ֝שֹּׁגִים מִמִּצְוֺתֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "*gāʿartā* *zēdîm* *ʾărûrîm* *haššōgîm* from-*miṣwōtêḵā*", "grammar": { "*gāʿartā*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you have rebuked", "*zēdîm*": "masculine plural adjective - proud/presumptuous ones", "*ʾărûrîm*": "Qal passive participle masculine plural - cursed ones", "*haššōgîm*": "definite article + Qal participle masculine plural - the ones straying", "from-*miṣwōtêḵā*": "preposition *min* + feminine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - from your commandments" }, "variants": { "*gāʿartā*": "you have rebuked/reproved/threatened", "*zēdîm*": "proud ones/presumptuous ones/insolent ones", "*ʾărûrîm*": "cursed ones/accursed ones", "*haššōgîm*": "the ones straying/wandering/going astray", "*miṣwōtêḵā*": "your commandments/precepts/orders" } }
  • Jas 4:6 : 6 { "verseID": "James.4.6", "source": "Μείζονα δὲ δίδωσιν χάριν. Διὸ λέγει, Ὁ Θεὸς ὑπερηφάνοις ἀντιτάσσεται, ταπεινοῖς δὲ δίδωσιν χάριν.", "text": "*Meizona de didōsin charin*. Therefore it *legei*, The *Theos hyperēphanois antitassetai*, to *tapeinois de didōsin charin*.", "grammar": { "*Meizona*": "accusative, feminine/masculine/neuter, singular, comparative - greater", "*de*": "conjunction - but/and/now", "*didōsin*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - gives/grants", "*charin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - grace/favor", "*legei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - says/speaks", "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*hyperēphanois*": "dative, masculine, plural - proud/arrogant", "*antitassetai*": "present middle indicative, 3rd singular - opposes/resists", "*tapeinois*": "dative, masculine, plural - humble/lowly", "*didōsin*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - gives/grants" }, "variants": { "*Meizona*": "greater/larger/more", "*didōsin*": "gives/grants/bestows", "*charin*": "grace/favor/kindness", "*legei*": "says/speaks/tells", "*hyperēphanois*": "proud/arrogant/haughty", "*antitassetai*": "opposes/resists/sets himself against", "*tapeinois*": "humble/lowly/poor" } }
  • 1 Pet 5:5 : 5 { "verseID": "1 Peter.5.5", "source": "Ὁμοίως, νεώτεροι, ὑποτάγητε πρεσβυτέροις. Πάντες δὲ ἀλλήλοις ὑποτασσόμενοι, τὴν ταπεινοφροσύνην ἐγκομβώσασθε: ὅτι ὁ Θεὸς ὑπερηφάνοις ἀντιτάσσεται, ταπεινοῖς δὲ δίδωσιν χάριν.", "text": "*Homoiōs*, *neōteroi*, *hypotagēte* *presbyterois*. *Pantes* but *allēlois* *hypotassomenoi*, the *tapeinophrosynēn* *egkombōsasthe*: because the *Theos* *hyperēphanois* *antitassetai*, to *tapeinois* but *didōsin* *charin*.", "grammar": { "*Homoiōs*": "adverb - likewise/similarly", "*neōteroi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - younger ones", "*hypotagēte*": "aorist, imperative, passive, 2nd person plural - be subject/submit", "*presbyterois*": "dative, masculine, plural - to elders", "*Pantes*": "nominative, masculine, plural - all", "*allēlois*": "dative, masculine, plural - to one another", "*hypotassomenoi*": "present participle, middle, nominative, masculine, plural - submitting", "*tapeinophrosynēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - humility/lowliness of mind", "*egkombōsasthe*": "aorist, imperative, middle, 2nd person plural - clothe yourselves/tie on", "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*hyperēphanois*": "dative, masculine, plural - to proud ones", "*antitassetai*": "present, indicative, middle, 3rd person singular - opposes/sets against", "*tapeinois*": "dative, masculine, plural - to humble ones", "*didōsin*": "present, indicative, active, 3rd person singular - gives", "*charin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - grace/favor" }, "variants": { "*Homoiōs*": "likewise/similarly/in the same way", "*neōteroi*": "younger ones/younger men/youth", "*hypotagēte*": "submit/be subject/be subordinate", "*presbyterois*": "elders/older ones/presbyters", "*hypotassomenoi*": "submitting/subjecting/being subordinate", "*tapeinophrosynēn*": "humility/lowliness of mind/humble-mindedness", "*egkombōsasthe*": "clothe yourselves/tie on/gird on [like an apron]", "*hyperēphanois*": "proud/arrogant/haughty", "*antitassetai*": "opposes/sets against/resists", "*tapeinois*": "humble/lowly/those of low position", "*charin*": "grace/favor/goodwill" } }
  • Neh 9:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.16", "source": "וְהֵ֥ם וַאֲבֹתֵ֖ינוּ הֵזִ֑ידוּ וַיַּקְשׁוּ֙ אֶת־עָרְפָּ֔ם וְלֹ֥א שָׁמְע֖וּ אֶל־מִצְוֺתֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "*wə-hēm waʾăbōtênû hēzîdû wayyaqšû ʾet-ʿorpām wə-lōʾ šāməʿû ʾel-miṣwōteyḵā", "grammar": { "*wə-hēm*": "conjunction + 3mp pronoun - and they", "*waʾăbōtênû*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural + 1cp suffix - and our fathers", "*hēzîdû*": "hiphil perfect, 3cp - they acted presumptuously/proudly", "*wayyaqšû*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect, 3mp - and they hardened", "*ʾet-ʿorpām*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular + 3mp suffix - their neck", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*šāməʿû*": "qal perfect, 3cp - they listened/obeyed", "*ʾel-miṣwōteyḵā*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural + 2ms suffix - to your commandments" }, "variants": { "*hēzîdû*": "acted presumptuously/became proud/were insolent", "*wayyaqšû ʾet-ʿorpām*": "hardened their necks/became stubborn/stiffened their necks", "*šāməʿû*": "listened/obeyed/heeded" } }
  • Neh 9:29 : 29 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.29", "source": "וַתָּ֨עַד בָּהֶ֜ם לַהֲשִׁיבָ֣ם אֶל־תּוֹרָתֶ֗ךָ וְהֵ֨מָּה הֵזִ֜ידוּ וְלֹא־שָׁמְע֤וּ לְמִצְוֺתֶ֙יךָ֙ וּבְמִשְׁפָּטֶ֣יךָ חָֽטְאוּ־בָ֔ם אֲשֶׁר־יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה אָדָ֖ם וְחָיָ֣ה בָהֶ֑ם וַיִּתְּנ֤וּ כָתֵף֙ סוֹרֶ֔רֶת וְעָרְפָּ֥ם הִקְשׁ֖וּ וְלֹ֥א שָׁמֵֽעוּ׃", "text": "*wə-tāʿaḏ* in-them *ləhăšîḇām* to-*tôrāṯeḵā*, *wə-hēmmāh* *hēzîḏû* and-not-*šāməʿû* to-*miṣwōṯêḵā* and-in-*mišpāṭêḵā* they-*ḥāṭəʾû*-in-them which-*yaʿăśeh* *ʾāḏām* and-*ḥāyāh* in-them, *wə-yittənû* *ḵāṯēp̄* *sôrereṯ* and-*ʿārpām* they-*hiqšû* and-not *šāmēʿû*.", "grammar": { "*wə-tāʿaḏ*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - and you warned/testified against", "*bāhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - against them", "*ləhăšîḇām*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to return/bring them back", "*ʾel-tôrāṯeḵā*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to your law/teaching", "*wə-hēmmāh*": "conjunction + 3rd person masculine plural pronoun - but they", "*hēzîḏû*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person plural - they acted presumptuously/arrogantly", "*wə-lōʾ-šāməʿû*": "conjunction + negative particle + Qal perfect 3rd person plural - and did not listen/obey", "*lə-miṣwōṯêḵā*": "preposition + feminine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to your commandments", "*û-ḇə-mišpāṭêḵā*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and against your judgments", "*ḥāṭəʾû-ḇām*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural + preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - they sinned against them", "*ʾăšer-yaʿăśeh*": "relative pronoun + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - which if a man does", "*ʾāḏām*": "masculine singular noun - man/human", "*wə-ḥāyāh*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he shall live", "*bāhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - by them", "*wə-yittənû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person plural - and they gave/presented", "*ḵāṯēp̄*": "feminine singular noun - shoulder", "*sôrereṯ*": "Qal participle feminine singular - rebellious/stubborn", "*wə-ʿārpām*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and their neck", "*hiqšû*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person plural - they hardened/stiffened", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*šāmēʿû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they listened/obeyed" }, "variants": { "*tāʿaḏ*": "testified against/warned/admonished", "*ləhăšîḇām*": "to bring them back/to return them/to restore them", "*tôrāṯeḵā*": "your law/instruction/teaching", "*hēmmāh*": "they/those/themselves", "*hēzîḏû*": "acted presumptuously/were arrogant/were insolent", "*šāməʿû*": "listened/obeyed/heeded", "*miṣwōṯêḵā*": "your commandments/precepts/ordinances", "*mišpāṭêḵā*": "your judgments/ordinances/regulations", "*ḥāṭəʾû*": "sinned/missed the mark/transgressed", "*yaʿăśeh*": "does/performs/practices", "*ʾāḏām*": "man/person/human being", "*ḥāyāh*": "lives/will live/survives", "*yittənû*": "gave/presented/offered", "*ḵāṯēp̄*": "shoulder/back", "*sôrereṯ*": "rebellious/stubborn/defiant", "*ʿārpām*": "their neck/their nape", "*hiqšû*": "hardened/stiffened/made obstinate" } }
  • Job 40:11-12 : 11 { "verseID": "Job.40.11", "source": "הָ֭פֵץ עֶבְר֣וֹת אַפֶּ֑ךָ וּרְאֵ֥ה כָל־גֵּ֝אֶ֗ה וְהַשְׁפִּילֵֽהוּ׃", "text": "*hāpēṣ* *ʿebrôt* *ʾappekā* *û-rəʾēh* *kol*-*gēʾeh* *wə-hašpîlēhû*", "grammar": { "*hāpēṣ*": "hiphil imperative, masculine singular - scatter, disperse", "*ʿebrôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - overflowings, outbursts", "*ʾappekā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your nose/anger", "*û-rəʾēh*": "conjunction + qal imperative, masculine singular - and see", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of, every", "*gēʾeh*": "adjective, masculine singular - proud, haughty", "*wə-hašpîlēhû*": "conjunction + hiphil imperative, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and humble him" }, "variants": { "*hāpēṣ*": "to scatter, disperse, dash to pieces", "*ʿebrôt*": "outbursts, overflowings, fury, wrath", "*ʾappekā*": "nose, nostril, anger, face", "*rəʾēh*": "to see, look at, inspect, perceive", "*gēʾeh*": "proud, haughty, arrogant", "*hašpîlēhû*": "to make low, humble, abase" } } 12 { "verseID": "Job.40.12", "source": "רְאֵ֣ה כָל־גֵּ֭אֶה הַכְנִיעֵ֑הוּ וַהֲדֹ֖ךְ רְשָׁעִ֣ים תַּחְתָּֽם׃", "text": "*rəʾēh* *kol*-*gēʾeh* *haknîʿēhû* *wă-hădōk* *rəšāʿîm* *taḥtām*", "grammar": { "*rəʾēh*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - see, look at", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of, every", "*gēʾeh*": "adjective, masculine singular - proud, haughty", "*haknîʿēhû*": "hiphil imperative, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - bring him low", "*wă-hădōk*": "conjunction + qal imperative, masculine singular - and crush, tread down", "*rəšāʿîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - wicked ones", "*taḥtām*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - under them" }, "variants": { "*rəʾēh*": "to see, look at, inspect, perceive", "*gēʾeh*": "proud, haughty, arrogant", "*haknîʿēhû*": "to humble, subdue, bring low", "*hădōk*": "to crush, tread down, trample", "*rəšāʿîm*": "wicked, criminal, guilty, hostile to God", "*taḥtām*": "under, beneath, instead of" } }
  • Ps 31:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Psalms.31.23", "source": "וַאֲנִ֤י ׀ אָ֘מַ֤רְתִּי בְחָפְזִ֗י נִגְרַזְתִּי֮ מִנֶּ֢גֶד עֵ֫ינֶ֥יךָ אָכֵ֗ן שָׁ֭מַעְתָּ ק֥וֹל תַּחֲנוּנַ֗י בְּשַׁוְּעִ֥י אֵלֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "And-*ʾănî* *ʾāmartî* in-*ḥāpzî* *nigrazti* from-before *ʿênêkā*; *ʾākēn* *šāmaʿtā* *qôl* *taḥănûnay* in-*šawwəʿî* to-you", "grammar": { "*ʾănî*": "pronoun, 1st person singular - I", "*ʾāmartî*": "verb, perfect 1st person singular - I said", "*ḥāpzî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix and prefixed preposition beth - in my alarm", "*nigrazti*": "verb, Niphal perfect 1st person singular - I am cut off", "*ʿênêkā*": "noun, feminine dual with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your eyes", "*ʾākēn*": "adverb - surely/indeed", "*šāmaʿtā*": "verb, perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you heard", "*qôl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - voice of", "*taḥănûnay*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - my supplications", "*šawwəʿî*": "verb, Piel infinitive construct with 1st person singular suffix and prefixed preposition beth - in my crying" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmartî*": "said/thought/declared", "*ḥāpzî*": "my alarm/dismay/haste", "*nigrazti*": "I am cut off/separated/excluded", "*ʾākēn*": "surely/indeed/truly", "*taḥănûnay*": "my supplications/pleas/entreaties", "*šawwəʿî*": "my crying out/calling for help" } }
  • 1 Sam 2:3 : 3 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.2.3", "source": "אַל־תַּרְבּ֤וּ תְדַבְּרוּ֙ גְּבֹהָ֣ה גְבֹהָ֔ה יֵצֵ֥א עָתָ֖ק מִפִּיכֶ֑ם כִּ֣י אֵ֤ל דֵּעוֹת֙ יְהוָ֔ה וְל֥וֹ נִתְכְּנ֖וּ עֲלִלֽוֹת׃", "text": "*ʾal*-*tarbû* *tədabbərû* *gəbōhâ* *gəbōhâ*, *yēṣēʾ* *ʿātāq* from *pîkem*, because *ʾēl* of *dēʿôt* is *YHWH*, and to him *nitəkənû* *ʿălilôt*.", "grammar": { "*ʾal*": "negative particle with jussive - do not", "*tarbû*": "Hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine plural jussive - multiply/increase", "*tədabbərû*": "Piel imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you speak", "*gəbōhâ*": "adjective feminine singular - high/proud/arrogant", "*gəbōhâ*": "repetition for emphasis - very high/extremely proud", "*yēṣēʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular jussive - let it come out", "*ʿātāq*": "adjective masculine singular - arrogant/insolent", "*pîkem*": "noun masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your mouth", "*ʾēl*": "noun masculine singular - God", "*dēʿôt*": "noun feminine plural construct - knowledges/knowledge", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*nitəkənû*": "Niphal perfect 3rd person plural - are weighed/measured", "*ʿălilôt*": "noun feminine plural - actions/deeds" }, "variants": { "*ʿātāq*": "arrogant/insolent/bold speech", "*dēʿôt*": "knowledge/omniscience/perfect understanding", "*nitəkənû*": "are weighed/measured/evaluated", "*ʿălilôt*": "actions/deeds/practices" } }
  • 1 Kgs 17:24 : 24 { "verseID": "1 Kings.17.24", "source": "וַתֹּ֤אמֶר הָֽאִשָּׁה֙ אֶל־אֵ֣לִיָּ֔הוּ עַתָּה֙ זֶ֣ה יָדַ֔עְתִּי כִּ֛י אִ֥ישׁ אֱלֹהִ֖ים אָ֑תָּה וּדְבַר־יְהוָ֥ה בְּפִ֖יךָ אֱמֶֽת׃ פ", "text": "And *wattōʾmer* the *hāʾiššāh* to *ʾel-ʾēliyyāhû* now *ʿattāh* this *zeh* I know *yāḏaʿtî* that *kî* *ʾîš* *ʾĕlōhîm* you are *ʾāttāh* and the word of *ûḏǝḇar-yhwh* in your *bǝpîḵā* *ʾĕmet*.", "grammar": { "*wattōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she said", "*hāʾiššāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the woman", "*ʾel-ʾēliyyāhû*": "preposition + proper noun - to Elijah", "*ʿattāh*": "adverb - now", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*yāḏaʿtî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I know", "*kî*": "conjunction - that", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - man of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God", "*ʾāttāh*": "2nd masculine singular pronoun - you", "*ûḏǝḇar-yhwh*": "waw + noun construct + divine name - and the word of YHWH", "*bǝpîḵā*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - in your mouth", "*ʾĕmet*": "noun, feminine singular - truth" }, "variants": { "*wattōʾmer*": "and she said/and she spoke", "*ʾiššāh*": "woman/wife", "*ʿattāh*": "now/at this time", "*yāḏaʿtî*": "I know/I recognize", "*ʾîš ʾĕlōhîm*": "man of God/prophet", "*dǝḇar-yhwh*": "word of YHWH/message from YHWH", "*peh*": "mouth/speech", "*ʾĕmet*": "truth/faithfulness" } }
  • Exod 1:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Exodus.1.10", "source": "הָ֥בָה נִֽתְחַכְּמָ֖ה ל֑וֹ פֶּן־יִרְבֶּ֗ה וְהָיָ֞ה כִּֽי־תִקְרֶ֤אנָה מִלְחָמָה֙ וְנוֹסַ֤ף גַּם־הוּא֙ עַל־שֹׂ֣נְאֵ֔ינוּ וְנִלְחַם־בָּ֖נוּ וְעָלָ֥ה מִן־הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "*hābâ* *nit-ḥakkəmâ* to him *pen*-*yirbeh* and *hāyâ* when *tiqreʾnâ* *milḥāmâ* and *nôsap̄* also he upon *śōnʾênû* and *nilḥam* against us and *ʿālâ* from the *ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*hābâ*": "imperative, 2nd masculine singular - 'come, give'", "*nit-ḥakkəmâ*": "verb, Hithpael imperfect, 1st plural cohortative - 'let us deal wisely'", "ל֑וֹ": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'to/with him/it'", "*pen*-*yirbeh*": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'lest he multiply'", "וְהָיָ֞ה": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and it will be'", "כִּֽי־תִקְרֶ֤אנָה": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - 'when they happen'", "*milḥāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - 'war'", "וְנוֹסַ֤ף": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and he will be added'", "גַּם־הוּא֙": "adverb + 3rd masculine singular pronoun - 'also he'", "עַל־שֹׂ֣נְאֵ֔ינוּ": "preposition + participle, masculine plural, Qal + 1st person plural suffix - 'upon those hating us'", "וְנִלְחַם־בָּ֖נוּ": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular + preposition + 1st person plural suffix - 'and he will fight against us'", "וְעָלָ֥ה": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and he will go up'", "מִן־הָאָֽרֶץ": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - 'from the land'" }, "variants": { "*hābâ*": "come, give, let us", "*nit-ḥakkəmâ*": "let us deal wisely, let us act shrewdly", "*pen*": "lest, otherwise", "*yirbeh*": "he will multiply, increase, become many", "*hāyâ*": "it will be, it will happen", "*tiqreʾnâ*": "they happen, befall, occur", "*milḥāmâ*": "war, battle, fighting", "*nôsap̄*": "he will be added, joined", "*śōnʾênû*": "those hating us, our enemies", "*nilḥam*": "he will fight, do battle", "*ʿālâ*": "he will go up, ascend, depart" } }
  • Exod 1:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Exodus.1.16", "source": "וַיֹּ֗אמֶר בְּיַלֶּדְכֶן֙ אֶת־הָֽעִבְרִיּ֔וֹת וּרְאִיתֶ֖ן עַל־הָאָבְנָ֑יִם אִם־בֵּ֥ן הוּא֙ וַהֲמִתֶּ֣ן אֹת֔וֹ וְאִם־בַּ֥ת הִ֖יא וָחָֽיָה׃", "text": "And *way-yōʾmer* in your *yalledḵen* *ʾet* the *ʿiḇrîyôt* and *rəʾîten* upon the *ʾoḇnāyim* if *bēn* he is then *wăhămitten* *ʾōtô* and if *bat* she is then *wāḥāyâ*", "grammar": { "וַיֹּ֗אמֶר": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, vav-consecutive - 'and he said'", "בְּיַלֶּדְכֶן֙": "preposition + infinitive construct, Piel + 2nd feminine plural suffix - 'when you help give birth'", "אֶת־הָֽעִבְרִיּ֔וֹת": "direct object marker + definite article + adjective, feminine plural - 'the Hebrew women'", "וּרְאִיתֶ֖ן": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal perfect, 2nd feminine plural - 'and you shall see'", "עַל־הָאָבְנָ֑יִם": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine dual - 'upon the birthstool'", "אִם־בֵּ֥ן": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - 'if a son'", "הוּא֙": "3rd masculine singular pronoun - 'he/it'", "וַהֲמִתֶּ֣ן": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Hiphil perfect, 2nd feminine plural - 'then you shall kill'", "אֹת֔וֹ": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'him'", "וְאִם־בַּ֥ת": "conjunction *wə-* + conjunction + noun, feminine singular - 'and if a daughter'", "הִ֖יא": "3rd feminine singular pronoun - 'she/it'", "וָחָֽיָה": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - 'then she shall live'" }, "variants": { "*yalledḵen*": "your helping to give birth, your midwifery", "*ʿiḇrîyôt*": "Hebrew women", "*rəʾîten*": "you shall see, look, observe", "*ʾoḇnāyim*": "birthstool, birthing stones, delivery stool", "*bēn*": "son, male child", "*wăhămitten*": "then you shall kill, put to death", "*bat*": "daughter, female child", "*wāḥāyâ*": "then she shall live, be allowed to live" } }
  • Exod 1:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Exodus.1.22", "source": "וַיְצַ֣ו פַּרְעֹ֔ה לְכָל־עַמּ֖וֹ לֵאמֹ֑ר כָּל־הַבֵּ֣ן הַיִּלּ֗וֹד הַיְאֹ֙רָה֙ תַּשְׁלִיכֻ֔הוּ וְכָל־הַבַּ֖ת תְּחַיּֽוּן׃", "text": "And *way-ṣaw* *parʿōh* to all *ʿammô* *lēʾmōr* all the *bēn* the *yillôd* into the *yəʾōrâ* *tašlîḵuhû* and all the *bat* *təḥayyûn*", "grammar": { "וַיְצַ֣ו": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, vav-consecutive - 'and he commanded'", "*parʿōh*": "proper noun - 'Pharaoh'", "לְכָל־עַמּ֖וֹ": "preposition + construct + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'to all his people'", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + infinitive construct, Qal - 'saying'", "כָּל־הַבֵּ֣ן": "construct + definite article + noun, masculine singular - 'every son'", "הַיִּלּ֗וֹד": "definite article + passive participle, masculine singular, Niphal - 'who is born'", "הַיְאֹ֙רָה֙": "definite article + noun, masculine singular + directional *hē* - 'into the Nile'", "תַּשְׁלִיכֻ֔הוּ": "verb, Hiphil imperfect, 2nd masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'you shall cast him'", "וְכָל־הַבַּ֖ת": "conjunction *wə-* + construct + definite article + noun, feminine singular - 'and every daughter'", "תְּחַיּֽוּן": "verb, Piel imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - 'you shall let live'" }, "variants": { "*way-ṣaw*": "he commanded, ordered, charged", "*ʿammô*": "his people, his nation", "*lēʾmōr*": "saying", "*bēn*": "son, male child", "*yillôd*": "born, being born", "*yəʾōrâ*": "into the Nile river", "*tašlîḵuhû*": "you shall cast/throw him", "*bat*": "daughter, female child", "*təḥayyûn*": "you shall let live, preserve alive" } }
  • Exod 5:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Exodus.5.2", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר פַּרְעֹ֔ה מִ֤י יְהוָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֶשְׁמַ֣ע בְּקֹל֔וֹ לְשַׁלַּ֖ח אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל לֹ֤א יָדַ֙עְתִּי֙ אֶת־יְהוָ֔ה וְגַ֥ם אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לֹ֥א אֲשַׁלֵּֽחַ׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *Parʿōh*: Who is *YHWH* *ʾăšer* I should *ʾešmaʿ* to his *qōl* to *ləšallaḥ* *ʾet*-*Yiśrāʾēl*? Not *yādaʿtî* *ʾet*-*YHWH* and also *ʾet*-*Yiśrāʾēl* not *ʾăšallēaḥ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*Parʿōh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Pharaoh", "*mî*": "interrogative pronoun - who?", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - that, who, which", "*ʾešmaʿ*": "qal imperfect, 1st singular - I should listen/heed/obey", "*bə*": "preposition - in, with, by", "*qōl*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his voice", "*lə*": "preposition - to, for", "*šallaḥ*": "piel infinitive construct - to send away, release", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yādaʿtî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I know/knew", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*gam*": "adverb - also, moreover", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾăšallēaḥ*": "piel imperfect, 1st singular - I will send away, release" }, "variants": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "and he said, he replied, he answered", "*mî*": "who?, which one?", "*ʾăšer*": "who, which, that", "*ʾešmaʿ*": "I should listen to, obey, heed", "*qōl*": "voice, sound, noise", "*šallaḥ*": "to send away, release, let go", "*yādaʿtî*": "I know, I have known, I recognize", "*ʾăšallēaḥ*": "I will release, I will let go, I will send away" } }
  • Exod 5:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Exodus.5.7", "source": "לֹ֣א תֹאסִפ֞וּן לָתֵ֨ת תֶּ֧בֶן לָעָ֛ם לִלְבֹּ֥ן הַלְּבֵנִ֖ים כִּתְמ֣וֹל שִׁלְשֹׁ֑ם הֵ֚ם יֵֽלְכ֔וּ וְקֹשְׁשׁ֥וּ לָהֶ֖ם תֶּֽבֶן׃", "text": "Not *tōʾsiḇûn* *lātēt* *teḇen* to the people *lilbōn* the *hallə̄ḇēnîm* as *kitmôl* *šilšōm*; they *yēlḵû* and *wəqōšəšû* for themselves *teḇen*.", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tōʾsiḇûn*": "hiphil imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall continue", "*lātēt*": "qal infinitive construct - to give", "*teḇen*": "noun, masculine singular - straw", "*lā*": "preposition with definite article - to the", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular - people", "*lilbōn*": "qal infinitive construct with preposition - to make bricks", "*ha*": "definite article - the", "*lə̄ḇēnîm*": "noun, feminine plural - bricks", "*ki*": "preposition - as, like", "*təmôl*": "adverb - yesterday", "*šilšōm*": "adverb - day before yesterday, previously", "*hēm*": "pronoun, 3rd masculine plural - they", "*yēlḵû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they shall go", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*qōšəšû*": "poel perfect, 3rd common plural - they shall gather", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - for themselves", "*teḇen*": "noun, masculine singular - straw" }, "variants": { "*tōʾsiḇûn*": "you shall continue, you shall add, you shall do again", "*lātēt*": "to give, to provide, to supply", "*teḇen*": "straw, stubble, chaff", "*lilbōn*": "to make bricks, to form bricks", "*lə̄ḇēnîm*": "bricks, clay blocks, mud bricks", "*təmôl*": "yesterday, previously, before", "*šilšōm*": "day before yesterday, earlier, formerly", "*yēlḵû*": "they shall go, they will proceed, they must depart", "*qōšəšû*": "they shall gather, collect, assemble" } }
  • Exod 9:16-17 : 16 { "verseID": "Exodus.9.16", "source": "וְאוּלָ֗ם בַּעֲב֥וּר זֹאת֙ הֶעֱמַדְתִּ֔יךָ בַּעֲב֖וּר הַרְאֹתְךָ֣ אֶת־כֹּחִ֑י וּלְמַ֛עַן סַפֵּ֥ר שְׁמִ֖י בְּכָל־הָאָֽרֶץ", "text": "But *wəʾûlām* for purpose of *baʿăbûr* this *heʿĕmadtîkā* for purpose of *baʿăbûr* *harʾōtəkā* *ʾet*-my *kōḥî* and so that *ûləmaʿan* *sappēr* my *šəmî* in all-the *hāʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*wəʾûlām*": "conjunction + adverb - but/however", "*baʿăbûr*": "preposition - for the sake of/because of", "*heʿĕmadtîkā*": "perfect, 1st person singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix, Hiphil form - I have caused you to stand", "*baʿăbûr*": "preposition - for the sake of/because of", "*harʾōtəkā*": "infinitive construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix, Hiphil form - to show you", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*kōḥî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my power", "*ûləmaʿan*": "conjunction + preposition - and so that/in order that", "*sappēr*": "infinitive construct, Piel form - to declare/tell", "*šəmî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my name", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the earth/land" }, "variants": { "*wəʾûlām*": "but/however/nevertheless", "*heʿĕmadtîkā*": "I have caused you to stand/raised you up/maintained you", "*harʾōtəkā*": "to show you/to cause you to see", "*kōḥî*": "power/strength/might", "*sappēr*": "declare/recount/proclaim" } } 17 { "verseID": "Exodus.9.17", "source": "עוֹדְךָ֖ מִסְתּוֹלֵ֣ל בְּעַמִּ֑י לְבִלְתִּ֖י שַׁלְּחָֽם׃", "text": "Still-you *mistōlēl* against-*'ammî* to-not *šallᵊḥām*.", "grammar": { "*'ōdᵊḵā*": "adverb + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - still/yet you", "*mistōlēl*": "hitpael participle, masculine singular - exalting yourself/being obstinate", "*bᵊ'ammî*": "preposition + noun + 1st person singular suffix - against my people", "*lᵊbiltî*": "preposition + negative particle - to not/so as not to", "*šallᵊḥām*": "piel infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - send them away/let them go" }, "variants": { "*mistōlēl*": "exalting yourself/being obstinate/acting insolently/setting yourself against", "*šallᵊḥām*": "send them away/release them/let them go" } }
  • Exod 10:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Exodus.10.3", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֨א מֹשֶׁ֣ה וְאַהֲרֹן֮ אֶל־פַּרְעֹה֒ וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ אֵלָ֗יו כֹּֽה־אָמַ֤ר יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י הָֽעִבְרִ֔ים עַד־מָתַ֣י מֵאַ֔נְתָּ לֵעָנֹ֖ת מִפָּנָ֑י שַׁלַּ֥ח עַמִּ֖י וְיַֽעַבְדֻֽנִי׃", "text": "*wa-yābōʾ* *mōšeh* *wə-ʾahărōn* *ʾel-parʿōh* *wa-yōʾmərû* *ʾēlāyw* *kōh-ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê* *hā-ʿibrîm* *ʿad-mātay* *mēʾantā* *lēʿānōt* *mi-pānāy* *šallaḥ* *ʿammî* *wə-yaʿabdûnî*", "grammar": { "*wa-yābōʾ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and came", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*wə-ʾahărōn*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Aaron", "*ʾel-parʿōh*": "preposition + proper noun - to Pharaoh", "*wa-yōʾmərû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they said", "*ʾēlāyw*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*kōh-ʾāmar*": "adverb + Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - thus says", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun masculine plural construct - God of", "*hā-ʿibrîm*": "definite article + noun masculine plural - the Hebrews", "*ʿad-mātay*": "preposition + interrogative - until when/how long", "*mēʾantā*": "Piel perfect 2nd masculine singular - you have refused", "*lēʿānōt*": "preposition + Niphal infinitive construct - to be humbled", "*mi-pānāy*": "preposition + noun common plural with 1st person singular suffix - from my face/presence", "*šallaḥ*": "Piel imperative masculine singular - send away/let go", "*ʿammî*": "noun masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my people", "*wə-yaʿabdûnî*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - that they may serve me" }, "variants": { "*mēʾantā*": "refused/declined/rejected", "*lēʿānōt*": "to be humbled/to humble yourself/to submit", "*mi-pānāy*": "from my face/before me/from my presence" } }
  • Exod 12:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Exodus.12.12", "source": "וְעָבַרְתִּ֣י בְאֶֽרֶץ־מִצְרַיִם֮ בַּלַּ֣יְלָה הַזֶּה֒ וְהִכֵּיתִ֤י כָל־בְּכוֹר֙ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם מֵאָדָ֖ם וְעַד־בְּהֵמָ֑ה וּבְכָל־אֱלֹהֵ֥י מִצְרַ֛יִם אֶֽעֱשֶׂ֥ה שְׁפָטִ֖ים אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*wə-ʿābarttî* *bə-ʾereṣ*-*Miṣrayim* *ba-laylâ* *ha-zeh* *wə-hikkêtî* *kol*-*bəkôr* *bə-ʾereṣ* *Miṣrayim* *mē-ʾādām* *wə-ʿad*-*bəhēmâ* *û-bə-kol*-*ʾĕlōhê* *Miṣrayim* *ʾeʿĕśeh* *šəpāṭîm* *ʾănî* *Yhwh*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿābarttî*": "conjunction + qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will pass", "*bə-ʾereṣ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - in land of", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*ba-laylâ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the night", "*ha-zeh*": "definite article + demonstrative adjective, masculine singular - this", "*wə-hikkêtî*": "conjunction + hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will strike", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - every", "*bəkôr*": "noun, masculine singular - firstborn", "*bə-ʾereṣ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - in land of", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*mē-ʾādām*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - from man", "*wə-ʿad*": "conjunction + preposition - and unto", "*bəhēmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - beast/animal", "*û-bə-kol*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - and against all", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - gods of", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will execute", "*šəpāṭîm*": "noun, masculine plural - judgments", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular personal pronoun - I", "*Yhwh*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh" }, "variants": { "*wə-ʿābarttî*": "and I will pass through/go through/traverse", "*wə-hikkêtî*": "and I will strike/smite/kill", "*bəkôr*": "firstborn/first-born son", "*šəpāṭîm*": "judgments/acts of judgment/punishments" } }
  • Exod 14:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Exodus.14.8", "source": "וַיְחַזֵּ֣ק יְהֹוָ֗ה אֶת־לֵ֤ב פַּרְעֹה֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ מִצְרַ֔יִם וַיִּרְדֹּ֕ף אַחֲרֵ֖י בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וּבְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל יֹצְאִ֖ים בְּיָ֥ד רָמָֽה", "text": "*wa-yəḥazzēq* *YHWH* *ʾeṯ*-*lēḇ* *Parʿōh* *meleḵ* *Miṣrayim* *wa-yirdōph* *ʾaḥărê* *bənê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *û-ḇnê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *yōṣəʾîm* *bə-yād* *rāmāh*", "grammar": { "*wa-yəḥazzēq*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he strengthened/hardened", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*lēḇ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - heart of", "*Parʿōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*wa-yirdōph*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he pursued", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*û-ḇnê*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct - and sons of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*yōṣəʾîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - going out", "*bə-yād*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - with hand", "*rāmāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - high/upraised" }, "variants": { "*wa-yəḥazzēq*": "and he hardened/and he strengthened", "*wa-yirdōph*": "and he pursued/and he chased", "*yōṣəʾîm*": "going out/departing/leaving", "*bə-yād rāmāh*": "with a high hand/with an upraised hand/boldly/defiantly" } }
  • Exod 14:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Exodus.14.18", "source": "וְיָדְע֥וּ מִצְרַ֖יִם כִּי־אֲנִ֣י יְהוָ֑ה בְּהִכָּבְדִ֣י בְּפַרְעֹ֔ה בְּרִכְבּ֖וֹ וּבְפָרָשָֽׁיו", "text": "*wə-yādəʿû* *Miṣrayim* *kî*-*ʾănî* *YHWH* *bə-hikkāḇdî* *bə-Pharʿōh* *bə-riḵbô* *û-ḇəphārāšâw*", "grammar": { "*wə-yādəʿû*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they will know", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt/Egyptians", "*kî*": "conjunction - that", "*ʾănî*": "pronoun, 1st common singular - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*bə-hikkāḇdî*": "preposition + Niphal infinitive construct + 1st common singular suffix - when I am honored", "*bə-Pharʿōh*": "preposition + proper noun - through Pharaoh", "*bə-riḵbô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - through his chariots", "*û-ḇəphārāšâw*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and through his horsemen" }, "variants": { "*wə-yādəʿû*": "and they will know/and they shall know", "*kî-ʾănî YHWH*": "that I am YHWH (the LORD)", "*bə-hikkāḇdî*": "when I am honored/when I gain glory", "*bə-riḵbô*": "through his chariots/by his chariots" } }