Verse 13

{ "verseID": "Exodus.21.13", "source": "וַאֲשֶׁר לֹא צָדָה וְהָאֱלֹהִים אִנָּה לְיָדוֹ וְשַׂמְתִּי לְךָ מָקוֹם אֲשֶׁר יָנוּס שָׁמָּה", "text": "*wa-ʾasher* *lōʾ* *ṣādāh* *wə-hā-ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾinnāh* *lə-yādô* *wə-śamtî* *ləkā* *māqôm* *ʾasher* *yānûs* *shāmmāh*", "grammar": { "*wa-ʾasher*": "conjunction *wə* + relative pronoun - but one who", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ṣādāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he lay in wait", "*wə-hā-ʾĕlōhîm*": "conjunction *wə* + definite article + masculine plural noun - but God", "*ʾinnāh*": "piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - caused to meet/delivered", "*lə-yādô*": "preposition *lə* + feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to his hand", "*wə-śamtî*": "conjunction *wə* + qal perfect, 1st person singular - then I will appoint", "*ləkā*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - for you", "*māqôm*": "masculine singular noun - a place", "*ʾasher*": "relative pronoun - where/to which", "*yānûs*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he may flee", "*shāmmāh*": "adverb - there/to there" }, "variants": { "*ṣādāh*": "lay in wait/planned/ambushed/intended", "*ʾinnāh lə-yādô*": "caused to meet his hand/delivered to his hand/caused it to happen", "*śamtî*": "I will appoint/establish/designate", "*māqôm*": "place/location/refuge", "*yānûs*": "he may flee/escape/find refuge" } }

Other Translations

Referenced Verses

  • Josh 20:2-9 : 2 { "verseID": "Joshua.20.2", "source": "דַּבֵּ֛ר אֶל־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לֵאמֹ֑ר תְּנ֤וּ לָכֶם֙ אֶת־עָרֵ֣י הַמִּקְלָ֔ט אֲשֶׁר־דִּבַּ֥רְתִּי אֲלֵיכֶ֖ם בְּיַד־מֹשֶֽׁה׃", "text": "*Dabbēr* unto *bənê Yiśrāʾēl* *lēʾmōr*: *tənû* to yourselves *ʿārê hammiqləṭ* which *dibbartî* unto you by hand of *Mōšeh*", "grammar": { "*Dabbēr*": "Piel imperative masculine singular - speak!", "*bənê Yiśrāʾēl*": "construct state + proper noun - sons/children of Israel", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to say/saying", "*tənû*": "Qal imperative masculine plural - give!", "*ʿārê hammiqləṭ*": "construct state + definite article + noun - cities of the refuge", "*dibbartî*": "Piel perfect 1st person singular - I spoke" }, "variants": { "*bənê*": "sons/children/descendants", "*ʿārê hammiqləṭ*": "cities of refuge/asylum/sanctuary", "*dibbartî*": "I spoke/I promised/I commanded" } } 3 { "verseID": "Joshua.20.3", "source": "לָנ֥וּס שָׁ֙מָּה֙ רוֹצֵ֔חַ מַכֵּה־נֶ֥פֶשׁ בִּשְׁגָגָ֖ה בִּבְלִי־דָ֑עַת וְהָי֤וּ לָכֶם֙ לְמִקְלָ֔ט מִגֹּאֵ֖ל הַדָּֽם׃", "text": "For *lānûs* there *rôṣēaḥ* *makkēh*-*nepeš* *bišəgāgāh* *biblî*-*dāʿat* and they shall be for you for *miqlāṭ* from *gōʾēl* *haddām*", "grammar": { "*lānûs*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to flee", "*rôṣēaḥ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - one who murders/killer", "*makkēh*": "Hiphil participle construct - one who strikes", "*nepeš*": "feminine singular noun - soul/person/life", "*bišəgāgāh*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - in error/unintentionally", "*biblî*": "preposition + negative particle - without", "*dāʿat*": "feminine singular noun - knowledge/intent", "*miqlāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - refuge/asylum", "*gōʾēl*": "Qal participle masculine singular construct - redeemer/avenger", "*haddām*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the blood" }, "variants": { "*rôṣēaḥ*": "murderer/killer/manslayer", "*nepeš*": "soul/person/life", "*bišəgāgāh*": "unintentionally/by mistake/in error", "*biblî-dāʿat*": "without knowledge/unintentionally/without premeditation", "*gōʾēl haddām*": "avenger of blood/blood redeemer/kinsman-redeemer of blood" } } 4 { "verseID": "Joshua.20.4", "source": "וְנָ֞ס אֶל־אַחַ֣ת ׀ מֵהֶעָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֗לֶּה וְעָמַד֙ פֶּ֚תַח שַׁ֣עַר הָעִ֔יר וְדִבֶּ֛ר בְּאָזְנֵ֛י זִקְנֵ֥י־הָעִֽיר הַהִ֖יא אֶת־דְּבָרָ֑יו וְאָסְפ֨וּ אֹת֤וֹ הָעִ֙ירָה֙ אֲלֵיהֶ֔ם וְנָתְנוּ־ל֥וֹ מָק֖וֹם וְיָשַׁ֥ב עִמָּֽם׃", "text": "And *nās* to *ʾaḥat* from *heʿārîm* *hāʾēlleh* and *ʿāmad* *petaḥ* *šaʿar* *hāʿîr* and *dibber* in *ʾoznê* *ziqnê*-*hāʿîr* *hahîʾ* *dəbārāyw* and *ʾāsəpû* him *hāʿîrāh* unto them and *nātənû*-to him *māqôm* and *yāšab* with them", "grammar": { "*nās*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he fled", "*ʾaḥat*": "feminine singular numeral - one", "*heʿārîm*": "definite article + feminine plural noun - the cities", "*hāʾēlleh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - these", "*ʿāmad*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he stood", "*petaḥ*": "masculine singular construct - opening of", "*šaʿar*": "masculine singular construct - gate of", "*hāʿîr*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the city", "*dibber*": "Piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he spoke", "*ʾoznê*": "feminine dual construct - ears of", "*ziqnê*": "masculine plural construct - elders of", "*hahîʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - that", "*dəbārāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his words/matters", "*ʾāsəpû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - they gathered", "*hāʿîrāh*": "definite article + feminine singular noun + directional he - to the city", "*nātənû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - they gave", "*māqôm*": "masculine singular noun - place", "*yāšab*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he dwelt" }, "variants": { "*petaḥ šaʿar*": "entrance of the gate/opening of the gate", "*dibber*": "spoke/declared/stated", "*ʾoznê*": "ears/hearing", "*dəbārāyw*": "his words/his matters/his case", "*ʾāsəpû*": "gathered/brought in/collected", "*māqôm*": "place/location/dwelling" } } 5 { "verseID": "Joshua.20.5", "source": "וְכִ֨י יִרְדֹּ֜ף גֹּאֵ֤ל הַדָּם֙ אַֽחֲרָ֔יו וְלֹֽא־יַסְגִּ֥רוּ אֶת־הָרֹצֵ֖חַ בְּיָד֑וֹ כִּ֤י בִבְלִי־דַ֙עַת֙ הִכָּ֣ה אֶת־רֵעֵ֔הוּ וְלֹֽא־שֹׂנֵ֥א ה֛וּא ל֖וֹ מִתְּמ֥וֹל שִׁלְשֽׁוֹם׃", "text": "And if *yirdōp* *gōʾēl* *haddām* after him, and not *yasgîrû* *hārōṣēaḥ* in his hand, for *biblî*-*daʿat* *hikkāh* *rēʿēhû* and not *śōnēʾ* he to him from *təmôl* *šilšôm*", "grammar": { "*yirdōp*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he pursues", "*gōʾēl*": "Qal participle masculine singular construct - avenger of", "*haddām*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the blood", "*yasgîrû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they deliver up", "*hārōṣēaḥ*": "definite article + Qal participle masculine singular - the murderer", "*biblî*": "preposition + negative particle - without", "*daʿat*": "feminine singular noun - knowledge/intent", "*hikkāh*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - he struck", "*rēʿēhû*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his neighbor", "*śōnēʾ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - hating/being hostile", "*təmôl*": "adverb - yesterday", "*šilšôm*": "adverb - three days ago/before" }, "variants": { "*gōʾēl haddām*": "avenger of blood/blood redeemer/kinsman-redeemer of blood", "*yasgîrû*": "deliver up/surrender/hand over", "*biblî-daʿat*": "without knowledge/unintentionally/without premeditation", "*hikkāh*": "struck/killed/injured", "*rēʿēhû*": "his neighbor/his fellow/his friend", "*təmôl šilšôm*": "previously/beforehand/in the past" } } 6 { "verseID": "Joshua.20.6", "source": "וְיָשַׁ֣ב ׀ בָּעִ֣יר הַהִ֗יא עַד־עָמְד֞וֹ לִפְנֵ֤י הָֽעֵדָה֙ לַמִּשְׁפָּ֔ט עַד־מוֹת֙ הַכֹּהֵ֣ן הַגָּד֔וֹל אֲשֶׁ֥ר יִהְיֶ֖ה בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵ֑ם אָ֣ז ׀ יָשׁ֣וּב הָרוֹצֵ֗חַ וּבָ֤א אֶל־עִירוֹ֙ וְאֶל־בֵּית֔וֹ אֶל־הָעִ֖יר אֲשֶׁר־נָ֥ס מִשָּֽׁם׃", "text": "And he shall *yāšab* in *hāʿîr* *hahîʾ* until *ʿāmədô* before *hāʿēdāh* for *mišpāṭ*, until *môt* *hakkōhēn* *haggādôl* who *yihyeh* in *hayyāmîm* *hāhēm*; then *yāšûb* *hārôṣēaḥ* and *bāʾ* to his city and to his house, to *hāʿîr* from which he *nās* from there", "grammar": { "*yāšab*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he dwelt", "*hāʿîr*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the city", "*hahîʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - that", "*ʿāmədô*": "Qal infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his standing", "*hāʿēdāh*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the congregation/assembly", "*mišpāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - judgment", "*môt*": "Qal infinitive construct - death of", "*hakkōhēn*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the priest", "*haggādôl*": "definite article + adjective masculine singular - the great", "*yihyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will be", "*hayyāmîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the days", "*hāhēm*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - those", "*yāšûb*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will return", "*hārôṣēaḥ*": "definite article + Qal participle masculine singular - the murderer", "*bāʾ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he came", "*nās*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he fled" }, "variants": { "*yāšab*": "dwell/remain/stay", "*hāʿēdāh*": "congregation/assembly/community", "*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/justice/legal decision", "*hakkōhēn haggādôl*": "high priest/chief priest", "*yāšûb*": "return/go back/turn back" } } 7 { "verseID": "Joshua.20.7", "source": "וַיַּקְדִּ֜שׁוּ אֶת־קֶ֤דֶשׁ בַּגָּלִיל֙ בְּהַ֣ר נַפְתָּלִ֔י וְאֶת־שְׁכֶ֖ם בְּהַ֣ר אֶפְרָ֑יִם וְאֶת־קִרְיַ֥ת אַרְבַּ֛ע הִ֥יא חֶבְר֖וֹן בְּהַ֥ר יְהוּדָֽה׃", "text": "And they *yaqdišû* *Qedeš* in *Gālîl* in *har* *Naptālî* and *Šəkem* in *har* *ʾEprāyim* and *Qiryat* *ʾArbaʿ* (it is *Ḥebrôn*) in *har* *Yəhûdāh*", "grammar": { "*yaqdišû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - they sanctified/set apart", "*Qedeš*": "proper noun - Kedesh", "*Gālîl*": "proper noun - Galilee", "*har*": "masculine singular construct - mountain of", "*Naptālî*": "proper noun - Naphtali", "*Šəkem*": "proper noun - Shechem", "*ʾEprāyim*": "proper noun - Ephraim", "*Qiryat*": "feminine singular construct - city of", "*ʾArbaʿ*": "proper noun - Arba", "*Ḥebrôn*": "proper noun - Hebron", "*Yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah" }, "variants": { "*yaqdišû*": "sanctified/set apart/consecrated", "*har*": "mountain/hill country of", "*Qiryat ʾArbaʿ*": "City of Arba/Kiriath-arba" } } 8 { "verseID": "Joshua.20.8", "source": "וּמֵעֵ֜בֶר לְיַרְדֵּ֤ן יְרִיחוֹ֙ מִזְרָ֔חָה נָתְנ֞וּ אֶת־בֶּ֧צֶר בַּמִּדְבָּ֛ר בַּמִּישֹׁ֖ר מִמַּטֵּ֣ה רְאוּבֵ֑ן וְאֶת־רָאמֹ֤ת בַּגִּלְעָד֙ מִמַּטֵּה־גָ֔ד וְאֶת־גּוֹלָ֥ן בַּבָּשָׁ֖ן מִמַּטֵּ֥ה מְנַשֶּֽׁה׃", "text": "And from *ʿēber* to *Yardēn* *Yərîḥô* eastward, they *nātənû* *Beṣer* in *midbar* in *mîšôr* from *maṭṭēh* *Rəʾûbēn*, and *Rāmôt* in *Gilʿād* from *maṭṭēh*-*Gād*, and *Gôlān* in *Bāšān* from *maṭṭēh* *Mənaššeh*", "grammar": { "*ʿēber*": "masculine singular construct - side of/beyond", "*Yardēn*": "proper noun - Jordan", "*Yərîḥô*": "proper noun - Jericho", "*nātənû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - they gave", "*Beṣer*": "proper noun - Bezer", "*midbar*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the wilderness", "*mîšôr*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the plain", "*maṭṭēh*": "masculine singular construct - tribe of", "*Rəʾûbēn*": "proper noun - Reuben", "*Rāmôt*": "proper noun - Ramoth", "*Gilʿād*": "proper noun with definite article - the Gilead", "*Gād*": "proper noun - Gad", "*Gôlān*": "proper noun - Golan", "*Bāšān*": "proper noun with definite article - the Bashan", "*Mənaššeh*": "proper noun - Manasseh" }, "variants": { "*ʿēber*": "beyond/side/across", "*midbar*": "wilderness/desert", "*mîšôr*": "plain/level land/plateau", "*maṭṭēh*": "tribe/staff/branch" } } 9 { "verseID": "Joshua.20.9", "source": "אֵ֣לֶּה הָיוּ֩ עָרֵ֨י הַמּֽוּעָדָ֜ה לְכֹ֣ל ׀ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וְלַגֵּר֙ הַגָּ֣ר בְּתוֹכָ֔ם לָנ֣וּס שָׁ֔מָּה כָּל־מַכֵּה־נֶ֖פֶשׁ בִּשְׁגָגָ֑ה וְלֹ֣א יָמ֗וּת בְּיַד֙ גֹּאֵ֣ל הַדָּ֔ם עַד־עָמְד֖וֹ לִפְנֵ֥י הָעֵדָֽה׃", "text": "These *hāyû* *ʿārê* *hammûʿādāh* for all *bənê* *Yiśrāʾēl* and for *gēr* *haggār* among them, for *lānûs* there all *makkēh*-*nepeš* *bišəgāgāh*, and not *yāmût* by hand of *gōʾēl* *haddām* until *ʿāmədô* before *hāʿēdāh*", "grammar": { "*hāyû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - they were", "*ʿārê*": "feminine plural construct - cities of", "*hammûʿādāh*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the appointment", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons/children of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*gēr*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the sojourner", "*haggār*": "definite article + Qal participle masculine singular - the one dwelling", "*lānûs*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to flee", "*makkēh*": "Hiphil participle construct - one who strikes", "*nepeš*": "feminine singular noun - soul/person/life", "*bišəgāgāh*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - in error/unintentionally", "*yāmût*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he dies", "*gōʾēl*": "Qal participle masculine singular construct - redeemer/avenger of", "*haddām*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the blood", "*ʿāmədô*": "Qal infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his standing", "*hāʿēdāh*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the congregation/assembly" }, "variants": { "*ʿārê hammûʿādāh*": "appointed cities/cities of appointment/designated cities", "*bənê*": "sons/children/descendants", "*gēr haggār*": "stranger who dwells/resident alien/foreigner residing", "*makkēh-nepeš*": "slayer of life/killer/one who strikes a person", "*bišəgāgāh*": "unintentionally/by mistake/in error", "*gōʾēl haddām*": "avenger of blood/blood redeemer/kinsman-redeemer of blood", "*hāʿēdāh*": "congregation/assembly/community" } }
  • 1 Sam 24:4 : 4 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.24.4", "source": "וַ֠יָּבֹא אֶל־גִּדְר֨וֹת הַצֹּ֤אן עַל־הַדֶּ֙רֶךְ וְשָׁ֣ם מְעָרָ֔ה וַיָּבֹ֥א שָׁא֖וּל לְהָסֵ֣ךְ אֶת־רַגְלָ֑יו וְדָוִד֙ וַאֲנָשָׁ֔יו בְּיַרְכְּתֵ֥י הַמְּעָרָ֖ה יֹשְׁבִֽים׃", "text": "And *wayyābōʾ* to *gidrôt* *haṣṣōʾn* upon *hadderek* and there *meʿārâ* and *wayyābōʾ* *Šāʾûl* to *hāsēk* *ʾet*-*raglāyw* and *Dāwid* and his men in *yarketê* *hammeʿārâ* *yōšbîm*", "grammar": { "*wayyābōʾ*": "waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of *bôʾ* - and he came", "*gidrôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - sheepfolds of", "*haṣṣōʾn*": "definite article + noun, common plural - the sheep/flock", "*hadderek*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the way/road", "*meʿārâ*": "noun, feminine singular - cave", "*wayyābōʾ*": "waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of *bôʾ* - and he came/entered", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Saul", "*hāsēk*": "infinitive construct with preposition, Hiphil stem - to cover/relieve", "*raglāyw*": "noun, feminine dual + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his feet", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*yarketê*": "noun, feminine plural construct - innermost parts/recesses of", "*hammeʿārâ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the cave", "*yōšbîm*": "participle, masculine plural, Qal stem - sitting/dwelling" }, "variants": { "*gidrôt*": "sheepfolds/enclosures/pens", "*hāsēk*": "to cover/relieve/ease oneself (euphemism for defecation)", "*yarketê*": "innermost parts/recesses/far end", "*yōšbîm*": "sitting/dwelling/staying/hiding" } }
  • 1 Sam 24:10 : 10 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.24.10", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר דָּוִד֙ לְשָׁא֔וּל לָ֧מָּה תִשְׁמַ֛ע אֶת־דִּבְרֵ֥י אָדָ֖ם לֵאמֹ֑ר הִנֵּ֣ה דָוִ֔ד מְבַקֵּ֖שׁ רָעָתֶֽךָ׃", "text": "And *wayyōmer* *Dāwid* to *Šāʾûl* why *tišmaʿ* *ʾet*-*dibrê* *ʾādām* *lēmōr* *hinnêh* *Dāwid* *mebaqqēš* *rāʿātekā*", "grammar": { "*wayyōmer*": "waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of *ʾāmar* - and he said", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Saul", "*tišmaʿ*": "imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you listen/hear", "*dibrê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - words of", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/mankind", "*lēmōr*": "preposition + infinitive construct - saying", "*hinnêh*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*mebaqqēš*": "participle, masculine singular, Piel stem - seeking", "*rāʿātekā*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your harm/evil" }, "variants": { "*tišmaʿ*": "listen to/hear/heed/obey", "*dibrê*": "words/matters/reports", "*mebaqqēš*": "seeking/pursuing/intending", "*rāʿātekā*": "your harm/evil/injury/misfortune" } }
  • 1 Sam 24:18 : 18 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.24.18", "source": "וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אֶל־דָּוִ֔ד צַדִּ֥יק אַתָּ֖ה מִמֶּ֑נִּי כִּ֤י אַתָּה֙ גְּמַלְתַּ֣נִי הַטּוֹבָ֔ה וַאֲנִ֖י גְּמַלְתִּ֥יךָ הָרָעָֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyōmer* to *Dāwid* *ṣaddîq* you than me because you *gemalttanî* *haṭṭôbâ* and I *gemalttîkā* *hārāʿâ*", "grammar": { "*wayyōmer*": "waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of *ʾāmar* - and he said", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*ṣaddîq*": "adjective, masculine singular - righteous", "*gemalttanî*": "perfect, 2nd masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - you have repaid me", "*haṭṭôbâ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the good", "*gemalttîkā*": "perfect, 1st person singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - I have repaid you", "*hārāʿâ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the evil" }, "variants": { "*ṣaddîq*": "righteous/more righteous/more just", "*gemalttanî*": "repaid me/dealt with me/done to me", "*haṭṭôbâ*": "good/goodness/kindness", "*gemalttîkā*": "repaid you/dealt with you/done to you", "*hārāʿâ*": "evil/harm/injury/wickedness" } }
  • Deut 4:41-43 : 41 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.4.41", "source": "אָ֣ז יַבְדִּ֤יל מֹשֶׁה֙ שָׁלֹ֣שׁ עָרִ֔ים בְּעֵ֖בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן מִזְרְחָ֖ה שָֽׁמֶשׁ׃", "text": "Then *yaḇdîl* *mōšeh* three *ʿārîm* in-*ʿēḇer* the-*yardēn* *mizrəḥāh* *šāmeš*.", "grammar": { "*yaḇdîl*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he set apart", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʿārîm*": "feminine plural noun - cities", "*ʿēḇer*": "masculine singular construct - side of/region of", "*yardēn*": "proper noun with definite article - the Jordan", "*mizrəḥāh*": "adverb - eastward", "*šāmeš*": "common noun - sun" }, "variants": { "*yaḇdîl*": "to separate/set apart/divide", "*ʿārîm*": "cities/towns/settlements", "*ʿēḇer*": "side/region/crossing/beyond", "*mizrəḥāh*": "eastward/toward the east", "*šāmeš*": "sun/sunrise" } } 42 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.4.42", "source": "לָנֻ֨ס שָׁ֜מָּה רוֹצֵ֗חַ אֲשֶׁ֨ר יִרְצַ֤ח אֶת־רֵעֵ֙הוּ֙ בִּבְלִי־דַ֔עַת וְה֛וּא לֹא־שֹׂנֵ֥א ל֖וֹ מִתְּמ֣וֹל שִׁלְשׁ֑וֹם וְנָ֗ס אֶל־אַחַ֛ת מִן־הֶעָרִ֥ים הָאֵ֖ל וָחָֽי׃", "text": "For *lānûs* there *rôṣēaḥ* who *yirṣaḥ* *ʾet*-*rēʿēhû* in-without-*daʿat* and-he not-*śōnēʾ* to-him from-*təmôl* *šilšôm* and-*nās* to-one from-the-*ʿārîm* the-*ʾēl* and-*ḥāy*.", "grammar": { "*lānûs*": "infinitive construct with prefixed lamed - to flee/for fleeing", "*šāmmâ*": "adverb - there/to there", "*rôṣēaḥ*": "participle, masculine singular - murderer/killer/slayer", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/which/that", "*yirṣaḥ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he kills/will kill", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*rēʿēhû*": "noun masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his neighbor/fellow", "*biblî-daʿat*": "preposition + negation + noun - without knowledge/unintentionally", "*wə-hûʾ*": "conjunction + personal pronoun - and he", "*lōʾ-śōnēʾ*": "negation + participle masculine singular - not hating", "*lô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*mittəmôl šilšôm*": "idiom - from yesterday and the day before/previously", "*wə-nās*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he flees", "*ʾel-ʾaḥat*": "preposition + feminine construct - to one of", "*min-heʿārîm*": "preposition + definite article + noun feminine plural - from the cities", "*hā-ʾēl*": "definite article + demonstrative - these", "*wā-ḥāy*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he shall live" }, "variants": { "*lānûs*": "to flee/to escape/to take refuge", "*rôṣēaḥ*": "murderer/manslayer/killer", "*yirṣaḥ*": "kills/murders/slays", "*rēʿēhû*": "his neighbor/his fellow/his friend", "*daʿat*": "knowledge/intention/awareness", "*śōnēʾ*": "hating/enemy/hostile", "*mittəmôl šilšôm*": "previously/beforehand/in the past", "*nās*": "flees/escapes/takes refuge", "*ʿārîm*": "cities/towns", "*ʾēl*": "these/those", "*ḥāy*": "lives/survives/remains alive" } } 43 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.4.43", "source": "אֶת־בֶּ֧צֶר בַּמִּדְבָּ֛ר בְּאֶ֥רֶץ הַמִּישֹׁ֖ר לָרֻֽאוּבֵנִ֑י וְאֶת־רָאמֹ֤ת בַּגִּלְעָד֙ לַגָּדִ֔י וְאֶת־גּוֹלָ֥ן בַּבָּשָׁ֖ן לַֽמְנַשִּֽׁי׃", "text": "*ʾet*-*Beṣer* in-the-*midbār* in-*ʾereṣ* the-*mîšōr* for-the-*Rĕʾûbēnî* and-*ʾet*-*Rāʾmōt* in-the-*Gilʿād* for-the-*Gādî* and-*ʾet*-*Gôlān* in-the-*Bāšān* for-the-*Mənaššî*.", "grammar": { "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Beṣer*": "proper noun - name of city", "*ba-midbār*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine singular - in the wilderness", "*bə-ʾereṣ*": "preposition + noun feminine construct - in the land of", "*ha-mîšōr*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the plain/tableland", "*lā-rĕʾûbēnî*": "preposition lamed + gentilic adjective masculine singular - for the Reubenite", "*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*Rāʾmōt*": "proper noun - name of city", "*ba-gilʿād*": "preposition + definite article + proper noun - in Gilead", "*la-gādî*": "preposition lamed + gentilic adjective masculine singular - for the Gadite", "*Gôlān*": "proper noun - name of city", "*ba-bāšān*": "preposition + definite article + proper noun - in Bashan", "*la-mənaššî*": "preposition lamed + gentilic adjective masculine singular - for the Manassite" }, "variants": { "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/territory/ground", "*mîšōr*": "plain/level country/tableland", "*Rĕʾûbēnî*": "Reubenite/of Reuben tribe", "*Gilʿād*": "region east of Jordan", "*Gādî*": "Gadite/of Gad tribe", "*Bāšān*": "fertile region northeast of Sea of Galilee", "*Mənaššî*": "Manassite/of Manasseh tribe" } }
  • Deut 19:1-9 : 1 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.19.1", "source": "כִּֽי־יַכְרִ֞ית יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ אֶת־הַגּוֹיִ֔ם אֲשֶׁר֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ נֹתֵ֥ן לְךָ֖ אֶת־אַרְצָ֑ם וִֽירִשְׁתָּ֕ם וְיָשַׁבְתָּ֥ בְעָרֵיהֶ֖ם וּבְבָתֵּיהֶֽם", "text": "When *yakhrit* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhekhā* *ʾet*-the-*gōyim* which *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhekhā* *nōten* to-you *ʾet*-*ʾartsām* and-*yĕrishtām* and-*yāshabtā* in-*ʿārēhem* and-in-*bātēhem*", "grammar": { "*yakhrit*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'cuts off/destroys'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhekhā*": "common noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your God'", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*gōyim*": "common noun masculine plural - 'nations'", "*nōten*": "Qal participle masculine singular - 'giving'", "*ʾartsām*": "common noun feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their land'", "*yĕrishtām*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'you shall possess them'", "*yāshabtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - 'you shall dwell'", "*ʿārēhem*": "common noun feminine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their cities'", "*bātēhem*": "common noun masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their houses'" }, "variants": { "*yakhrit*": "cut off/destroy/eliminate", "*gōyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*nōten*": "gives/is giving/grants", "*yĕrishtām*": "possess them/inherit them/take possession of them", "*yāshabtā*": "dwell/settle/inhabit" } } 2 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.19.2", "source": "שָׁל֥וֹשׁ עָרִ֖ים תַּבְדִּ֣יל לָ֑ךְ בְּת֣וֹךְ אַרְצְךָ֔ אֲשֶׁר֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ נֹתֵ֥ן לְךָ֖ לְרִשְׁתָּֽהּ", "text": "Three *ʿārim* *tabdil* for-you in-*tōkh* *ʾartsĕkhā* which *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhekhā* *nōten* to-you *lĕrishtāh*", "grammar": { "*ʿārim*": "common noun feminine plural - 'cities'", "*tabdil*": "Hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - 'you shall separate/set apart'", "*tōkh*": "common noun masculine singular construct - 'midst of'", "*ʾartsĕkhā*": "common noun feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your land'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhekhā*": "common noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your God'", "*nōten*": "Qal participle masculine singular - 'giving'", "*lĕrishtāh*": "preposition with Qal infinitive construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - 'to possess it'" }, "variants": { "*tabdil*": "separate/set apart/distinguish", "*tōkh*": "midst/middle/within", "*nōten*": "gives/is giving/grants", "*lĕrishtāh*": "to possess it/to inherit it/to take possession of it" } } 3 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.19.3", "source": "תָּכִ֣ין לְךָ֮ הַדֶּרֶךְ֒ וְשִׁלַּשְׁתָּ֙ אֶת־גְּב֣וּל אַרְצְךָ֔ אֲשֶׁ֥ר יַנְחִֽילְךָ֖ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ וְהָיָ֕ה לָנ֥וּס שָׁ֖מָּה כָּל־רֹצֵֽחַ", "text": "*Tākhin* for-you the-*derekh* and-*shillashta* *ʾet*-*gĕbūl* *ʾartsĕkhā* which *yanḥilĕkhā* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhekhā* and-*hāyāh* for-*nūs* there all-*rōtseaḥ*", "grammar": { "*Tākhin*": "Hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - 'you shall prepare'", "*derekh*": "common noun feminine singular - 'way/road'", "*shillashta*": "Piel perfect 2nd person masculine singular - 'you shall divide into three parts'", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*gĕbūl*": "common noun masculine singular construct - 'territory/border of'", "*ʾartsĕkhā*": "common noun feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your land'", "*yanḥilĕkhā*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'he will give you as inheritance'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhekhā*": "common noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your God'", "*hāyāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'it shall be'", "*nūs*": "Qal infinitive construct - 'to flee'", "*rōtseaḥ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - 'murderer/manslayer'" }, "variants": { "*Tākhin*": "prepare/establish/make ready", "*derekh*": "way/road/path", "*shillashta*": "divide into three/triple/make three parts", "*gĕbūl*": "territory/border/boundary", "*yanḥilĕkhā*": "cause you to inherit/give you possession/grant you as inheritance", "*nūs*": "flee/escape/run away", "*rōtseaḥ*": "murderer/manslayer/one who kills" } } 4 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.19.4", "source": "וְזֶה֙ דְּבַ֣ר הָרֹצֵ֔חַ אֲשֶׁר־יָנ֥וּס שָׁ֖מָּה וָחָ֑י אֲשֶׁ֨ר יַכֶּ֤ה אֶת־רֵעֵ֙הוּ֙ בִּבְלִי־דַ֔עַת וְה֛וּא לֹא־שֹׂנֵ֥א ל֖וֹ מִתְּמֹ֥ל שִׁלְשֹֽׁם", "text": "And-this *dĕbar* the-*rōtseaḥ* who-*yānūs* there and-*ḥāy* who *yakkeh* *ʾet*-*rēʿēhū* in-without-*daʿat* and-he not-*sōnēʾ* to-him from-*tĕmōl* *shilshōm*", "grammar": { "*dĕbar*": "common noun masculine singular construct - 'matter of/case of'", "*rōtseaḥ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - 'murderer/manslayer'", "*yānūs*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he shall flee'", "*ḥāy*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'and live'", "*yakkeh*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he strikes/kills'", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*rēʿēhū*": "common noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his neighbor'", "*daʿat*": "common noun feminine singular - 'knowledge'", "*sōnēʾ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - 'hating'", "*tĕmōl*": "adverb - 'yesterday'", "*shilshōm*": "adverb - 'day before yesterday'" }, "variants": { "*dĕbar*": "matter/case/situation", "*rōtseaḥ*": "murderer/manslayer/one who kills", "*yānūs*": "flees/escapes/runs away", "*ḥāy*": "lives/survives/stays alive", "*yakkeh*": "strikes/hits/kills", "*rēʿēhū*": "his neighbor/his friend/his fellow", "*daʿat*": "knowledge/awareness/intention", "*sōnēʾ*": "hating/being hostile to/being an enemy of", "*tĕmōl shilshōm*": "previously/beforehand/in the past (idiom)" } } 5 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.19.5", "source": "וַאֲשֶׁר֩ יָבֹ֨א אֶת־רֵעֵ֥הוּ בַיַּעַר֮ לַחְטֹ֣ב עֵצִים֒ וְנִדְּחָ֨ה יָד֤וֹ בַגַּרְזֶן֙ לִכְרֹ֣ת הָעֵ֔ץ וְנָשַׁ֤ל הַבַּרְזֶל֙ מִן־הָעֵ֔ץ וּמָצָ֥א אֶת־רֵעֵ֖הוּ וָמֵ֑ת ה֗וּא יָנ֛וּס אֶל־אַחַ֥ת הֶעָרִים־הָאֵ֖לֶּה וָחָֽי", "text": "And-who *yābōʾ* *ʾet*-*rēʿēhū* in-the-*yaʿar* to-*ḥaṭōb* *ʿētsim* and-*niddĕḥāh* *yādō* with-the-*garzen* to-*likhrōt* the-*ʿēts* and-*nāshal* the-*barzel* from-the-*ʿēts* and-*mātsāʾ* *ʾet*-*rēʿēhū* and-*mēt* he *yānūs* to-one the-*ʿārim*-these and-*ḥāy*", "grammar": { "*yābōʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he goes/enters'", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker or preposition 'with'", "*rēʿēhū*": "common noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his neighbor'", "*yaʿar*": "common noun masculine singular - 'forest'", "*ḥaṭōb*": "Qal infinitive construct - 'to cut/chop'", "*ʿētsim*": "common noun masculine plural - 'trees/wood'", "*niddĕḥāh*": "Niphal perfect 3rd person feminine singular - 'is impelled/driven'", "*yādō*": "common noun feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his hand'", "*garzen*": "common noun masculine singular - 'axe'", "*likhrōt*": "Qal infinitive construct - 'to cut down'", "*ʿēts*": "common noun masculine singular - 'tree/wood'", "*nāshal*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'slips off'", "*barzel*": "common noun masculine singular - 'iron/iron head'", "*mātsāʾ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'finds/strikes'", "*mēt*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'dies'", "*yānūs*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he shall flee'", "*ʿārim*": "common noun feminine plural - 'cities'", "*ḥāy*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'and live'" }, "variants": { "*yābōʾ*": "goes/enters/comes", "*rēʿēhū*": "his neighbor/his friend/his fellow", "*yaʿar*": "forest/woods/thicket", "*ḥaṭōb*": "to cut/to chop/to gather", "*niddĕḥāh*": "is driven/slips/is thrust", "*garzen*": "axe/hatchet", "*likhrōt*": "to cut down/to fell/to hew", "*nāshal*": "slips off/falls off/comes loose", "*barzel*": "iron/iron head/metal part", "*mātsāʾ*": "finds/strikes/reaches", "*mēt*": "dies/is killed", "*yānūs*": "flees/escapes/runs away", "*ḥāy*": "lives/survives/stays alive" } } 6 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.19.6", "source": "פֶּן־יִרְדֹּף֩ גֹּאֵ֨ל הַדָּ֜ם אַחֲרֵ֣י הָרֹצֵ֗חַ כִּי־יֵחַם֮ לְבָבוֹ֒ וְהִשִּׂיג֛וֹ כִּֽי־יִרְבֶּ֥ה הַדֶּ֖רֶךְ וְהִכָּ֣הוּ נָ֑פֶשׁ וְלוֹ֙ אֵ֣ין מִשְׁפַּט־מָ֔וֶת כִּ֠י לֹ֣א שֹׂנֵ֥א ה֛וּא ל֖וֹ מִתְּמ֥וֹל שִׁלְשֽׁוֹם", "text": "Lest-*yirdōf* *gōʾēl* the-*dām* after the-*rōtseaḥ* for-*yēḥam* *lĕbābō* and-*hissigō* for-*yirbeh* the-*derekh* and-*hikkāhū* *nāfesh* and-to-him not *mishpaṭ*-*māwet* because not *sōnēʾ* he to-him from-*tĕmōl* *shilshōm*", "grammar": { "*yirdōf*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he pursues'", "*gōʾēl*": "Qal participle masculine singular construct - 'redeemer of'", "*dām*": "common noun masculine singular - 'blood'", "*rōtseaḥ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - 'murderer/manslayer'", "*yēḥam*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'becomes hot'", "*lĕbābō*": "common noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his heart'", "*hissigō*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'overtakes him'", "*yirbeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'is great/long'", "*derekh*": "common noun feminine singular - 'way/road'", "*hikkāhū*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'strikes him'", "*nāfesh*": "common noun feminine singular - 'life/soul'", "*mishpaṭ*": "common noun masculine singular construct - 'judgment of'", "*māwet*": "common noun masculine singular - 'death'", "*sōnēʾ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - 'hating'", "*tĕmōl*": "adverb - 'yesterday'", "*shilshōm*": "adverb - 'day before yesterday'" }, "variants": { "*yirdōf*": "pursues/chases/follows after", "*gōʾēl*": "redeemer/avenger/kinsman", "*dām*": "blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt", "*rōtseaḥ*": "murderer/manslayer/one who kills", "*yēḥam*": "becomes hot/is enraged/is angry", "*lĕbābō*": "his heart/his mind/his inner being", "*hissigō*": "overtakes him/catches up to him/reaches him", "*yirbeh*": "is great/is long/is far", "*derekh*": "way/road/journey", "*hikkāhū*": "strikes him/hits him/kills him", "*nāfesh*": "life/soul/person", "*mishpaṭ*": "judgment/sentence/verdict", "*māwet*": "death/execution", "*sōnēʾ*": "hating/being hostile to/being an enemy of", "*tĕmōl shilshōm*": "previously/beforehand/in the past (idiom)" } } 7 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.19.7", "source": "עַל־כֵּ֛ן אָנֹכִ֥י מְצַוְּךָ֖ לֵאמֹ֑ר שָׁלֹ֥שׁ עָרִ֖ים תַּבְדִּ֥יל לָֽךְ", "text": "Upon-thus *ʾānōkhi* *mĕtsawwĕkhā* *lēʾmōr* three *ʿārim* *tabdil* for-you", "grammar": { "*ʾānōkhi*": "personal pronoun 1st person singular - 'I'", "*mĕtsawwĕkhā*": "Piel participle masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'commanding you'", "*lēʾmōr*": "Qal infinitive construct - 'saying'", "*ʿārim*": "common noun feminine plural - 'cities'", "*tabdil*": "Hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - 'you shall separate/set apart'" }, "variants": { "*ʾānōkhi*": "I/myself", "*mĕtsawwĕkhā*": "commanding you/ordering you/instructing you", "*lēʾmōr*": "saying/declaring/pronouncing", "*tabdil*": "separate/set apart/distinguish" } } 8 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.19.8", "source": "וְאִם־יַרְחִ֞יב יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ אֶת־גְּבֻ֣לְךָ֔ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר נִשְׁבַּ֖ע לַאֲבֹתֶ֑יךָ וְנָ֤תַן לְךָ֙ אֶת־כָּל־הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֥ר דִּבֶּ֖ר לָתֵ֥ת לַאֲבֹתֶֽיךָ", "text": "And-if-*yarḥib* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhekhā* *ʾet*-*gĕbulĕkhā* as-which *nishbaʿ* to-*ʾăbōtekhā* and-*nātan* to-you *ʾet*-all-the-*ʾārets* which *dibber* to-give to-*ʾăbōtekhā*", "grammar": { "*yarḥib*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he enlarges'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhekhā*": "common noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your God'", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*gĕbulĕkhā*": "common noun masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your territory'", "*nishbaʿ*": "Niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he swore'", "*ʾăbōtekhā*": "common noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your fathers'", "*nātan*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he gives'", "*ʾārets*": "common noun feminine singular - 'land'", "*dibber*": "Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he spoke'" }, "variants": { "*yarḥib*": "enlarges/expands/extends", "*gĕbulĕkhā*": "your territory/your border/your boundary", "*nishbaʿ*": "swore/took an oath/promised", "*ʾăbōtekhā*": "your fathers/your ancestors/your forefathers", "*nātan*": "gives/grants/bestows", "*ʾārets*": "land/territory/earth", "*dibber*": "spoke/said/promised" } } 9 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.19.9", "source": "כִּֽי־תִשְׁמֹר֩ אֶת־כָּל־הַמִּצְוָ֨ה הַזֹּ֜את לַעֲשֹׂתָ֗הּ אֲשֶׁ֨ר אָנֹכִ֣י מְצַוְּךָ֮ הַיּוֹם֒ לְאַהֲבָ֞ה אֶת־יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֶ֛יךָ וְלָלֶ֥כֶת בִּדְרָכָ֖יו כָּל־הַיָּמִ֑ים וְיָסַפְתָּ֨ לְךָ֥ עוֹד֙ שָׁלֹ֣שׁ עָרִ֔ים עַ֖ל הַשָּׁלֹ֥שׁ הָאֵֽלֶּה", "text": "If-*tishmōr* *ʾet*-all-the-*mitswāh* the-this to-*laʿăsōtāh* which *ʾānōkhi* *mĕtsawwĕkhā* the-*yōm* to-*lĕʾahăbāh* *ʾet*-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhekhā* and-to-*lālekhet* in-*dĕrākhāyw* all-the-*yāmim* and-*yāsaftā* for-you more three *ʿārim* upon the-three the-these", "grammar": { "*tishmōr*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - 'you keep'", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*mitswāh*": "common noun feminine singular - 'commandment'", "*laʿăsōtāh*": "Qal infinitive construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - 'to do it'", "*ʾānōkhi*": "personal pronoun 1st person singular - 'I'", "*mĕtsawwĕkhā*": "Piel participle masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'commanding you'", "*yōm*": "common noun masculine singular - 'day'", "*lĕʾahăbāh*": "Qal infinitive construct - 'to love'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhekhā*": "common noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your God'", "*lālekhet*": "Qal infinitive construct - 'to walk'", "*dĕrākhāyw*": "common noun feminine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his ways'", "*yāmim*": "common noun masculine plural - 'days'", "*yāsaftā*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - 'you shall add'", "*ʿārim*": "common noun feminine plural - 'cities'" }, "variants": { "*tishmōr*": "keep/observe/guard", "*mitswāh*": "commandment/precept/law", "*laʿăsōtāh*": "to do it/to perform it/to carry it out", "*ʾānōkhi*": "I/myself", "*mĕtsawwĕkhā*": "commanding you/ordering you/instructing you", "*yōm*": "day/time", "*lĕʾahăbāh*": "to love/to cherish/to be devoted to", "*lālekhet*": "to walk/to go/to live", "*dĕrākhāyw*": "his ways/his paths/his conduct", "*yāmim*": "days/time/period", "*yāsaftā*": "you shall add/you shall increase/you shall supplement" } } 10 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.19.10", "source": "וְלֹ֤א יִשָּׁפֵךְ֙ דָּ֣ם נָקִ֔י בְּקֶ֣רֶב אַרְצְךָ֔ אֲשֶׁר֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ נֹתֵ֥ן לְךָ֖ נַחֲלָ֑ה וְהָיָ֥ה עָלֶ֖יךָ דָּמִֽים", "text": "And-not *yishāphekh* *dām* *nāqiy* in-*qereb* *ʾartsĕkhā* which *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhekhā* *nōten* to-you *naḥălāh* and-*hāyāh* upon-you *dāmim*", "grammar": { "*yishāphekh*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'is poured out/shed'", "*dām*": "common noun masculine singular - 'blood'", "*nāqiy*": "adjective masculine singular - 'innocent'", "*qereb*": "common noun masculine singular construct - 'midst of'", "*ʾartsĕkhā*": "common noun feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your land'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhekhā*": "common noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your God'", "*nōten*": "Qal participle masculine singular - 'giving'", "*naḥălāh*": "common noun feminine singular - 'inheritance'", "*hāyāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'it shall be'", "*dāmim*": "common noun masculine plural - 'bloodguilt'" }, "variants": { "*yishāphekh*": "is poured out/is shed/is spilled", "*dām*": "blood/bloodshed", "*nāqiy*": "innocent/blameless/free from guilt", "*qereb*": "midst/within/among", "*nōten*": "gives/is giving/grants", "*naḥălāh*": "inheritance/possession/property", "*hāyāh*": "will be/shall be/becomes", "*dāmim*": "bloodguilt/blood guilt/liability for bloodshed" } } 11 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.19.11", "source": "וְכִֽי־יִהְיֶ֥ה אִישׁ֙ שֹׂנֵ֣א לְרֵעֵ֔הוּ וְאָ֤רַב לוֹ֙ וְקָ֣ם עָלָ֔יו וְהִכָּ֥הוּ נֶ֖פֶשׁ וָמֵ֑ת וְנָ֕ס אֶל־אַחַ֖ת הֶעָרִ֥ים הָאֵֽל", "text": "And-if-*yihyeh* *ʾish* *sōnēʾ* to-*rēʿēhū* and-*ʾārab* to-him and-*qām* upon-him and-*hikkāhū* *nefesh* and-*mēt* and-*nās* to-one the-*ʿārim* the-these", "grammar": { "*yihyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'there is/will be'", "*ʾish*": "common noun masculine singular - 'man'", "*sōnēʾ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - 'hating'", "*rēʿēhū*": "common noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his neighbor'", "*ʾārab*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he lies in wait'", "*qām*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he rises up'", "*hikkāhū*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'strikes him'", "*nefesh*": "common noun feminine singular - 'life/person'", "*mēt*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he dies'", "*nās*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he flees'", "*ʿārim*": "common noun feminine plural - 'cities'" }, "variants": { "*yihyeh*": "there is/there will be/there happens to be", "*ʾish*": "man/person/someone", "*sōnēʾ*": "hating/being hostile to/being an enemy of", "*rēʿēhū*": "his neighbor/his friend/his fellow", "*ʾārab*": "lies in wait/ambushes/sets an ambush", "*qām*": "rises up/stands up/attacks", "*hikkāhū*": "strikes him/attacks him/kills him", "*nefesh*": "life/person/fatally", "*mēt*": "dies/is killed", "*nās*": "flees/escapes/runs away" } } 12 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.19.12", "source": "וְשָֽׁלְחוּ֙ זִקְנֵ֣י עִיר֔וֹ וְלָקְח֥וּ אֹת֖וֹ מִשָּׁ֑ם וְנָתְנ֣וּ אֹת֗וֹ בְּיַ֛ד גֹּאֵ֥ל הַדָּ֖ם וָמֵֽת", "text": "And-*shālĕḥū* *ziqnēy* *ʿirō* and-*lāqĕḥū* *ʾōtō* from-there and-*nātĕnū* *ʾōtō* in-*yad* *gōʾēl* the-*dām* and-*mēt*", "grammar": { "*shālĕḥū*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - 'they shall send'", "*ziqnēy*": "common noun masculine plural construct - 'elders of'", "*ʿirō*": "common noun feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his city'", "*lāqĕḥū*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - 'they shall take'", "*ʾōtō*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'him'", "*nātĕnū*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - 'they shall give'", "*yad*": "common noun feminine singular construct - 'hand of'", "*gōʾēl*": "Qal participle masculine singular construct - 'redeemer of'", "*dām*": "common noun masculine singular - 'blood'", "*mēt*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he shall die'" }, "variants": { "*shālĕḥū*": "they shall send/they shall dispatch", "*ziqnēy*": "elders of/older men of/leaders of", "*ʿirō*": "his city/his town", "*lāqĕḥū*": "they shall take/they shall seize/they shall fetch", "*nātĕnū*": "they shall give/they shall deliver/they shall hand over", "*yad*": "hand of/power of/authority of", "*gōʾēl*": "redeemer of/avenger of/kinsman of", "*dām*": "blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt", "*mēt*": "he shall die/he shall be put to death" } } 13 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.19.13", "source": "לֹא־תָח֥וֹס עֵֽינְךָ֖ עָלָ֑יו וּבִֽעַרְתָּ֧ דַֽם־הַנָּקִ֛י מִיִּשְׂרָאֵ֖ל וְט֥וֹב לָֽךְ", "text": "Not-*tāḥōs* *ʿēynĕkhā* upon-him and-*biʿartā* *dam*-the-*nāqiy* from-*Yisrāʾēl* and-*ṭōb* to-you", "grammar": { "*tāḥōs*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - 'you shall pity'", "*ʿēynĕkhā*": "common noun feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your eye'", "*biʿartā*": "Piel perfect 2nd person masculine singular - 'you shall purge'", "*dam*": "common noun masculine singular construct - 'blood of'", "*nāqiy*": "adjective masculine singular - 'innocent'", "*Yisrāʾēl*": "proper noun - 'Israel'", "*ṭōb*": "adjective masculine singular - 'good'" }, "variants": { "*tāḥōs*": "you shall pity/you shall spare/you shall show mercy", "*ʿēynĕkhā*": "your eye (idiom for showing pity/compassion)", "*biʿartā*": "you shall purge/you shall remove/you shall eliminate", "*dam*": "blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt", "*nāqiy*": "innocent/blameless/free from guilt", "*ṭōb*": "good/well/better" } }
  • Num 35:10-34 : 10 { "verseID": "Numbers.35.10", "source": "דַּבֵּר֙ אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְאָמַרְתָּ֖ אֲלֵהֶ֑ם כִּ֥י אַתֶּ֛ם עֹבְרִ֥ים אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ן אַ֥רְצָה כְּנָֽעַן׃", "text": "*Dabbēr* unto *bənê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *wəʾāmartā* unto them *kî* you *ʿōḇrîm* *ʾeṯ*-*hayyardēn* *ʾarṣâ* *Kənāʿan*.", "grammar": { "*dabbēr*": "Piel imperative, masculine singular - speak", "*bənê*": "construct masculine plural of *bēn* - sons of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wəʾāmartā*": "waw-consecutive + Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you shall say", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/when/that", "*ʿōḇrîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - crossing over", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*hayyardēn*": "definite article + proper noun - the Jordan", "*ʾarṣâ*": "noun, feminine singular + directional *he* - to the land of", "*Kənāʿan*": "proper noun - Canaan" }, "variants": { "*kî*": "for/because/when/that", "*ʿōḇrîm*": "crossing over/passing through" } } 11 { "verseID": "Numbers.35.11", "source": "וְהִקְרִיתֶ֤ם לָכֶם֙ עָרִ֔ים עָרֵ֥י מִקְלָ֖ט תִּהְיֶ֣ינָה לָכֶ֑ם וְנָ֥ס שָׁ֙מָּה֙ רֹצֵ֔חַ מַכֵּה־נֶ֖פֶשׁ בִּשְׁגָגָֽה׃", "text": "And *wəhiqrîṯem* for yourselves cities, cities of *miqlāṭ* *tihyeynâ* for you, and *wənās* *šāmmâ* *rōṣēaḥ* *makkēh*-*nepeš* *bišḡāḡâ*.", "grammar": { "*wəhiqrîṯem*": "waw-consecutive + Hiphil perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and you shall appoint", "*miqlāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - refuge", "*tihyeynâ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they shall be", "*wənās*": "waw-consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and shall flee", "*šāmmâ*": "adverb with directional *he* - there/thither", "*rōṣēaḥ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - murderer/manslayer", "*makkēh*": "Hiphil participle, masculine singular construct - striker of", "*nepeš*": "feminine singular noun - soul/person", "*bišḡāḡâ*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - in error/unintentionally" }, "variants": { "*hiqrîṯem*": "appoint/designate/set aside", "*miqlāṭ*": "refuge/asylum", "*rōṣēaḥ*": "murderer/manslayer/one who kills another", "*nepeš*": "soul/person/life", "*šəḡāḡâ*": "error/mistake/unintentional sin" } } 12 { "verseID": "Numbers.35.12", "source": "וְהָי֨וּ לָכֶ֧ם הֶעָרִ֛ים לְמִקְלָ֖ט מִגֹּאֵ֑ל וְלֹ֤א יָמוּת֙ הָרֹצֵ֔חַ עַד־עָמְד֛וֹ לִפְנֵ֥י הָעֵדָ֖ה לַמִּשְׁפָּֽט׃", "text": "And *wəhāyu* for you the cities for *miqlāṭ* from *gōʾēl* and not *yāmuṯ* *hārōṣēaḥ* until *ʿāmḏô* before *hāʿēḏâ* *lammišpāṭ*.", "grammar": { "*wəhāyu*": "waw-consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - and they shall be", "*miqlāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - refuge", "*gōʾēl*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - redeemer/avenger", "*yāmuṯ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall die", "*hārōṣēaḥ*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine singular - the murderer/manslayer", "*ʿāmḏô*": "Qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his standing", "*hāʿēḏâ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the congregation", "*lammišpāṭ*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - for the judgment" }, "variants": { "*gōʾēl*": "redeemer/avenger/kinsman-redeemer", "*ʿēḏâ*": "congregation/assembly/community", "*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/justice/legal decision" } } 13 { "verseID": "Numbers.35.13", "source": "וְהֶעָרִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר תִּתֵּ֑נוּ שֵׁשׁ־עָרֵ֥י מִקְלָ֖ט תִּהְיֶ֥ינָה לָכֶֽם׃", "text": "And the cities *ʾăšer* you give, six-cities of *miqlāṭ* *tihyeynâ* for you.", "grammar": { "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*tittēnu*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall give", "*miqlāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - refuge", "*tihyeynâ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they shall be" }, "variants": { "*miqlāṭ*": "refuge/asylum" } } 14 { "verseID": "Numbers.35.14", "source": "אֵ֣ת ׀ שְׁלֹ֣שׁ הֶעָרִ֗ים תִּתְּנוּ֙ מֵעֵ֣בֶר לַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן וְאֵת֙ שְׁלֹ֣שׁ הֶֽעָרִ֔ים תִּתְּנ֖וּ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ כְּנָ֑עַן עָרֵ֥י מִקְלָ֖ט תִּהְיֶֽינָה׃", "text": "*ʾĒṯ* three the cities you shall give from *ʿēḇer* to *hayyardēn* and *ʾēṯ* three the cities you shall give in *ʾereṣ* *Kənāʿan* cities of *miqlāṭ* *tihyeynâ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker", "*titənu*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall give", "*ʿēḇer*": "masculine singular noun construct - side of/across", "*hayyardēn*": "definite article + proper noun - the Jordan", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular noun construct - land of", "*Kənāʿan*": "proper noun - Canaan", "*miqlāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - refuge", "*tihyeynâ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they shall be" }, "variants": { "*ʿēḇer*": "side/region/beyond/across", "*miqlāṭ*": "refuge/asylum" } } 15 { "verseID": "Numbers.35.15", "source": "לִבְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וְלַגֵּ֤ר וְלַתּוֹשָׁב֙ בְּתוֹכָ֔ם תִּהְיֶ֛ינָה שֵׁשׁ־הֶעָרִ֥ים הָאֵ֖לֶּה לְמִקְלָ֑ט לָנ֣וּס שָׁ֔מָּה כָּל־מַכֵּה־נֶ֖פֶשׁ בִּשְׁגָגָֽה׃", "text": "For *bənê* *Yiśrāʾēl* and for *haggēr* and for *hattôšāḇ* *bəṯôḵām* *tihyeynâ* six-the cities *hāʾēlleh* for *miqlāṭ* *lānûs* *šāmmâ* all-*makkēh*-*nepeš* *bišḡāḡâ*.", "grammar": { "*bənê*": "construct masculine plural of *bēn* - sons of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*haggēr*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the stranger", "*hattôšāḇ*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the sojourner", "*bəṯôḵām*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - in their midst", "*tihyeynâ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they shall be", "*hāʾēlleh*": "definite article + demonstrative plural adjective - these", "*miqlāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - refuge", "*lānûs*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to flee", "*šāmmâ*": "adverb with directional *he* - there/thither", "*makkēh*": "Hiphil participle, masculine singular construct - striker of", "*nepeš*": "feminine singular noun - soul/person", "*bišḡāḡâ*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - in error/unintentionally" }, "variants": { "*gēr*": "stranger/foreigner/resident alien", "*tôšāḇ*": "sojourner/temporary resident/foreign resident", "*miqlāṭ*": "refuge/asylum", "*nepeš*": "soul/person/life", "*šəḡāḡâ*": "error/mistake/unintentional sin" } } 16 { "verseID": "Numbers.35.16", "source": "וְאִם־בִּכְלִ֨י בַרְזֶ֧ל ׀ הִכָּ֛הוּ וַיָּמֹ֖ת רֹצֵ֣חַֽ ה֑וּא מ֥וֹת יוּמַ֖ת הָרֹצֵֽחַ׃", "text": "And if with *kəlî* *barzel* *hikkāhû* and *wayyāmōṯ*, *rōṣēaḥ* he is; *môṯ* *yûmaṯ* *hārōṣēaḥ*.", "grammar": { "*kəlî*": "masculine singular noun construct - vessel/tool of", "*barzel*": "masculine singular noun - iron", "*hikkāhû*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - he struck him", "*wayyāmōṯ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he died", "*rōṣēaḥ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - murderer/manslayer", "*môṯ*": "Qal infinitive absolute - surely", "*yûmaṯ*": "Hophal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall be put to death", "*hārōṣēaḥ*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine singular - the murderer/manslayer" }, "variants": { "*kəlî*": "vessel/instrument/tool/weapon", "*rōṣēaḥ*": "murderer/manslayer/one who kills another" } } 17 { "verseID": "Numbers.35.17", "source": "וְאִ֡ם בְּאֶ֣בֶן יָד֩ אֲשֶׁר־יָמ֨וּת בָּ֥הּ הִכָּ֛הוּ וַיָּמֹ֖ת רֹצֵ֣חַֽ ה֑וּא מ֥וֹת יוּמַ֖ת הָרֹצֵֽחַ׃", "text": "And if with *ʾeḇen* *yāḏ* *ʾăšer*-*yāmûṯ* with it *hikkāhû* and *wayyāmōṯ*, *rōṣēaḥ* he is; *môṯ* *yûmaṯ* *hārōṣēaḥ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾeḇen*": "feminine singular noun construct - stone of", "*yāḏ*": "feminine singular noun - hand", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*yāmûṯ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - one may die", "*hikkāhû*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - he struck him", "*wayyāmōṯ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he died", "*rōṣēaḥ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - murderer/manslayer", "*môṯ*": "Qal infinitive absolute - surely", "*yûmaṯ*": "Hophal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall be put to death", "*hārōṣēaḥ*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine singular - the murderer/manslayer" }, "variants": { "*ʾeḇen* *yāḏ*": "stone in hand/handheld stone/stone that fits in hand", "*rōṣēaḥ*": "murderer/manslayer/one who kills another" } } 18 { "verseID": "Numbers.35.18", "source": "א֡וֹ בִּכְלִ֣י עֵֽץ־יָד֩ אֲשֶׁר־יָמ֨וּת בּ֥וֹ הִכָּ֛הוּ וַיָּמֹ֖ת רֹצֵ֣חַֽ ה֑וּא מ֥וֹת יוּמַ֖ת הָרֹצֵֽחַ׃", "text": "Or with *kəlî* *ʿēṣ*-*yāḏ* *ʾăšer*-*yāmûṯ* by it *hikkāhû* and *wayyāmōṯ*, *rōṣēaḥ* he is; *môṯ* *yûmaṯ* *hārōṣēaḥ*.", "grammar": { "*kəlî*": "masculine singular noun construct - vessel/tool of", "*ʿēṣ*": "masculine singular noun construct - wood of", "*yāḏ*": "feminine singular noun - hand", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*yāmûṯ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - one may die", "*hikkāhû*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - he struck him", "*wayyāmōṯ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he died", "*rōṣēaḥ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - murderer/manslayer", "*môṯ*": "Qal infinitive absolute - surely", "*yûmaṯ*": "Hophal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall be put to death", "*hārōṣēaḥ*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine singular - the murderer/manslayer" }, "variants": { "*kəlî* *ʿēṣ*-*yāḏ*": "wooden tool/weapon for the hand/handheld wooden implement", "*rōṣēaḥ*": "murderer/manslayer/one who kills another" } } 19 { "verseID": "Numbers.35.19", "source": "גֹּאֵ֣ל הַדָּ֔ם ה֥וּא יָמִ֖ית אֶת־הָרֹצֵ֑חַ בְּפִגְעוֹ־ב֖וֹ ה֥וּא יְמִיתֶֽנּוּ׃", "text": "*Gōʾēl* *haddām*, he *yāmîṯ* *ʾeṯ*-*hārōṣēaḥ*; when *bəp̄iḡʿô*-in him, he *yəmîṯennû*.", "grammar": { "*gōʾēl*": "Qal participle, masculine singular construct - avenger of", "*haddām*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the blood", "*yāmîṯ*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall put to death", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*hārōṣēaḥ*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine singular - the murderer/manslayer", "*bəp̄iḡʿô*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - when he encounters", "*yəmîṯennû*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - he shall put him to death" }, "variants": { "*gōʾēl*": "redeemer/avenger/kinsman-redeemer", "*rōṣēaḥ*": "murderer/manslayer/one who kills another", "*p̄iḡʿô*": "meeting/encountering/coming upon" } } 20 { "verseID": "Numbers.35.20", "source": "וְאִם־בְּשִׂנְאָ֖ה יֶהְדָּפֶ֑נּוּ אֽוֹ־הִשְׁלִ֥יךְ עָלָ֛יו בִּצְדִיָּ֖ה וַיָּמֹֽת׃", "text": "And if with *śinʾâ* *yehdāp̄ennû* or *hišlîḵ* upon him *biṣḏîyâ* and *wayyāmōṯ*.", "grammar": { "*śinʾâ*": "feminine singular noun - hatred", "*yehdāp̄ennû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - he pushes him", "*hišlîḵ*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he threw", "*biṣḏîyâ*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - with lying in wait", "*wayyāmōṯ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he died" }, "variants": { "*śinʾâ*": "hatred/hostility/enmity", "*hāḏap̄*": "push/thrust/shove", "*ṣəḏîyâ*": "lying in wait/ambush/premeditation" } } 21 { "verseID": "Numbers.35.21", "source": "א֣וֹ בְאֵיבָ֞ה הִכָּ֤הוּ בְיָדוֹ֙ וַיָּמֹ֔ת מֽוֹת־יוּמַ֥ת הַמַּכֶּ֖ה רֹצֵ֣חַֽ ה֑וּא גֹּאֵ֣ל הַדָּ֗ם יָמִ֛ית אֶת־הָרֹצֵ֖חַ בְּפִגְעוֹ־בֽוֹ׃", "text": "Or in *ʾêḇâ* *hikkāhû* with *yāḏô* and *wayyāmōṯ*, *môṯ*-*yûmaṯ* *hammakkeh* *rōṣēaḥ* he is; *gōʾēl* *haddām* shall put to death *ʾeṯ*-*hārōṣēaḥ* when *bəp̄iḡʿô*-in him.", "grammar": { "*ʾêḇâ*": "feminine singular noun - enmity", "*hikkāhû*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - he struck him", "*yāḏô*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand", "*wayyāmōṯ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he died", "*môṯ*": "Qal infinitive absolute - surely", "*yûmaṯ*": "Hophal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall be put to death", "*hammakkeh*": "definite article + Hiphil participle, masculine singular - the one who strikes", "*rōṣēaḥ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - murderer/manslayer", "*gōʾēl*": "Qal participle, masculine singular construct - avenger of", "*haddām*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the blood", "*yāmîṯ*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall put to death", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*hārōṣēaḥ*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine singular - the murderer/manslayer", "*bəp̄iḡʿô*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - when he encounters" }, "variants": { "*ʾêḇâ*": "enmity/hostility/hatred", "*makkeh*": "striker/one who strikes/attacker", "*rōṣēaḥ*": "murderer/manslayer/one who kills another", "*gōʾēl*": "redeemer/avenger/kinsman-redeemer", "*p̄iḡʿô*": "meeting/encountering/coming upon" } } 22 { "verseID": "Numbers.35.22", "source": "וְאִם־בְּפֶ֥תַע בְּלֹא־אֵיבָ֖ה הֲדָפ֑וֹ אוֹ־הִשְׁלִ֥יךְ עָלָ֛יו כָּל־כְּלִ֖י בְּלֹ֥א צְדִיָּֽה׃", "text": "And if in *p̄eṯaʿ* without *ʾêḇâ* *hăḏāp̄ô* or *hišlîḵ* upon him any *kəlî* without *ṣəḏîyâ*.", "grammar": { "*p̄eṯaʿ*": "masculine singular noun - suddenness", "*ʾêḇâ*": "feminine singular noun - enmity", "*hăḏāp̄ô*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - he pushed him", "*hišlîḵ*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he threw", "*kəlî*": "masculine singular noun - tool/implement", "*ṣəḏîyâ*": "feminine singular noun - lying in wait" }, "variants": { "*p̄eṯaʿ*": "suddenness/instant/moment", "*ʾêḇâ*": "enmity/hostility/hatred", "*hāḏap̄*": "push/thrust/shove", "*kəlî*": "vessel/instrument/tool/weapon", "*ṣəḏîyâ*": "lying in wait/ambush/premeditation" } } 23 { "verseID": "Numbers.35.23", "source": "א֣וֹ בְכָל־אֶ֜בֶן אֲשֶׁר־יָמ֥וּת בָּהּ֙ בְּלֹ֣א רְא֔וֹת וַיַּפֵּ֥ל עָלָ֖יו וַיָּמֹ֑ת וְהוּא֙ לֹא־אוֹיֵ֣ב ל֔וֹ וְלֹ֥א מְבַקֵּ֖שׁ רָעָתֽוֹ׃", "text": "Or with any *ʾeḇen* *ʾăšer*-*yāmûṯ* with it without *rəʾôṯ* and *wayyappēl* upon him and *wayyāmōṯ* and he not *ʾôyēḇ* to him and not *məḇaqqēš* *rāʿāṯô*.", "grammar": { "*ʾeḇen*": "feminine singular noun - stone", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*yāmûṯ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - one may die", "*rəʾôṯ*": "Qal infinitive construct - seeing", "*wayyappēl*": "waw-consecutive + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he caused to fall", "*wayyāmōṯ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he died", "*ʾôyēḇ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - enemy", "*məḇaqqēš*": "Piel participle, masculine singular - seeker", "*rāʿāṯô*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his harm" }, "variants": { "*rəʾôṯ*": "seeing/perceiving/watching", "*ʾôyēḇ*": "enemy/foe/adversary", "*məḇaqqēš*": "seeking/searching for/desiring", "*rāʿâ*": "evil/harm/injury/calamity" } } 24 { "verseID": "Numbers.35.24", "source": "וְשָֽׁפְטוּ֙ הָֽעֵדָ֔ה בֵּ֚ין הַמַּכֶּ֔ה וּבֵ֖ין גֹּאֵ֣ל הַדָּ֑ם עַ֥ל הַמִּשְׁפָּטִ֖ים הָאֵֽלֶּה׃", "text": "And *wəšāp̄əṭû* *hāʿēḏâ* between *hammakkeh* and between *gōʾēl* *haddām* according to *hammišpāṭîm* *hāʾēlleh*.", "grammar": { "*wəšāp̄əṭû*": "waw-consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - and they shall judge", "*hāʿēḏâ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the congregation", "*hammakkeh*": "definite article + Hiphil participle, masculine singular - the one who strikes", "*gōʾēl*": "Qal participle, masculine singular construct - avenger of", "*haddām*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the blood", "*hammišpāṭîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the judgments", "*hāʾēlleh*": "definite article + demonstrative plural adjective - these" }, "variants": { "*ʿēḏâ*": "congregation/assembly/community", "*makkeh*": "striker/one who strikes/attacker", "*gōʾēl*": "redeemer/avenger/kinsman-redeemer", "*mišpāṭîm*": "judgments/ordinances/legal decisions" } } 25 { "verseID": "Numbers.35.25", "source": "וְהִצִּ֨ילוּ הָעֵדָ֜ה אֶת־הָרֹצֵ֗חַ מִיַּד֮ גֹּאֵ֣ל הַדָּם֒ וְהֵשִׁ֤יבוּ אֹתוֹ֙ הָֽעֵדָ֔ה אֶל־עִ֥יר מִקְלָט֖וֹ אֲשֶׁר־נָ֣ס שָׁ֑מָּה וְיָ֣שַׁב בָּ֗הּ עַד־מוֹת֙ הַכֹּהֵ֣ן הַגָּדֹ֔ל אֲשֶׁר־מָשַׁ֥ח אֹת֖וֹ בְּשֶׁ֥מֶן הַקֹּֽדֶשׁ׃", "text": "And *wəhiṣṣîlû* *hāʿēḏâ* *ʾeṯ*-*hārōṣēaḥ* from *miyyaḏ* *gōʾēl* *haddām* and *wəhēšîḇû* him *hāʿēḏâ* to city *miqlāṭô* *ʾăšer*-*nās* *šāmmâ* and *wəyāšaḇ* in it until *môṯ* *hakkōhēn* *haggāḏōl* *ʾăšer*-*māšaḥ* him with *šemen* *haqqōḏeš*.", "grammar": { "*wəhiṣṣîlû*": "waw-consecutive + Hiphil perfect, 3rd common plural - and they shall deliver", "*hāʿēḏâ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the congregation", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*hārōṣēaḥ*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine singular - the murderer/manslayer", "*miyyaḏ*": "preposition *min* + construct feminine singular *yāḏ* - from hand of", "*gōʾēl*": "Qal participle, masculine singular construct - avenger of", "*haddām*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the blood", "*wəhēšîḇû*": "waw-consecutive + Hiphil perfect, 3rd common plural - and they shall return/restore", "*miqlāṭô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his refuge", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*nās*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he fled", "*šāmmâ*": "adverb with directional *he* - there/thither", "*wəyāšaḇ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he shall dwell", "*môṯ*": "Qal infinitive construct - death of", "*hakkōhēn*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the priest", "*haggāḏōl*": "definite article + masculine singular adjective - the great", "*māšaḥ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he anointed", "*šemen*": "masculine singular noun construct - oil of", "*haqqōḏeš*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the holiness" }, "variants": { "*hiṣṣîl*": "deliver/rescue/save", "*ʿēḏâ*": "congregation/assembly/community", "*rōṣēaḥ*": "murderer/manslayer/one who kills another", "*gōʾēl*": "redeemer/avenger/kinsman-redeemer", "*hēšîḇ*": "return/restore/bring back", "*miqlāṭ*": "refuge/asylum", "*gāḏōl*": "great/large/important", "*šemen haqqōḏeš*": "holy oil/sacred anointing oil" } } 26 { "verseID": "Numbers.35.26", "source": "וְאִם־יָצֹ֥א יֵצֵ֖א הָרֹצֵ֑חַ אֶת־גְּבוּל֙ עִ֣יר מִקְלָט֔וֹ אֲשֶׁ֥ר יָנ֖וּס שָֽׁמָּה׃", "text": "And if going out *yēṣēʾ* *hārōṣēaḥ* *ʾeṯ*-*gəḇûl* city *miqlāṭô* *ʾăšer* *yānûs* *šāmmâ*.", "grammar": { "*yāṣōʾ*": "Qal infinitive absolute - going out", "*yēṣēʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he goes out", "*hārōṣēaḥ*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine singular - the murderer/manslayer", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*gəḇûl*": "masculine singular noun construct - border of", "*miqlāṭô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his refuge", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*yānûs*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he flees", "*šāmmâ*": "adverb with directional *he* - there/thither" }, "variants": { "*yāṣōʾ* *yēṣēʾ*": "emphatic expression: 'definitely goes out'", "*rōṣēaḥ*": "murderer/manslayer/one who kills another", "*gəḇûl*": "border/boundary/territory", "*miqlāṭ*": "refuge/asylum" } } 27 { "verseID": "Numbers.35.27", "source": "וּמָצָ֤א אֹתוֹ֙ גֹּאֵ֣ל הַדָּ֔ם מִח֕וּץ לִגְב֖וּל עִ֣יר מִקְלָט֑וֹ וְרָצַ֞ח גֹּאֵ֤ל הַדָּם֙ אֶת־הָ֣רֹצֵ֔חַ אֵ֥ין ל֖וֹ דָּֽם׃", "text": "And *ûmāṣāʾ* him *gōʾēl* *haddām* from *miḥûṣ* to *gəḇûl* city *miqlāṭô* and *wərāṣaḥ* *gōʾēl* *haddām* *ʾeṯ*-*hārōṣēaḥ* *ʾên* to him *dām*.", "grammar": { "*ûmāṣāʾ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he finds", "*gōʾēl*": "Qal participle, masculine singular construct - avenger of", "*haddām*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the blood", "*miḥûṣ*": "preposition *min* + masculine singular noun - from outside", "*gəḇûl*": "masculine singular noun construct - border of", "*miqlāṭô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his refuge", "*wərāṣaḥ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he kills", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*hārōṣēaḥ*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine singular - the murderer/manslayer", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*dām*": "masculine singular noun - blood" }, "variants": { "*gōʾēl*": "redeemer/avenger/kinsman-redeemer", "*gəḇûl*": "border/boundary/territory", "*miqlāṭ*": "refuge/asylum", "*rāṣaḥ*": "kill/murder/slay", "*rōṣēaḥ*": "murderer/manslayer/one who kills another", "*ʾên lô dām*": "idiom: 'there is no bloodguilt for him'" } } 28 { "verseID": "Numbers.35.28", "source": "כִּ֣י בְעִ֤יר מִקְלָטוֹ֙ יֵשֵׁ֔ב עַד־מ֖וֹת הַכֹּהֵ֣ן הַגָּדֹ֑ל וְאַחֲרֵ֥י מוֹת֙ הַכֹּהֵ֣ן הַגָּדֹ֔ל יָשׁוּב֙ הָרֹצֵ֔חַ אֶל־אֶ֖רֶץ אֲחֻזָּתֽוֹ׃", "text": "For in city *miqlāṭô* *yēšēḇ* until *môṯ* *hakkōhēn* *haggāḏōl* and after *môṯ* *hakkōhēn* *haggāḏōl* shall return *hārōṣēaḥ* to *ʾereṣ* *ʾăḥuzzāṯô*.", "grammar": { "*miqlāṭô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his refuge", "*yēšēḇ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall dwell", "*môṯ*": "Qal infinitive construct - death of", "*hakkōhēn*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the priest", "*haggāḏōl*": "definite article + masculine singular adjective - the great", "*yāšûḇ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall return", "*hārōṣēaḥ*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine singular - the murderer/manslayer", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular noun construct - land of", "*ʾăḥuzzāṯô*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - his possession" }, "variants": { "*miqlāṭ*": "refuge/asylum", "*gāḏōl*": "great/large/important", "*rōṣēaḥ*": "murderer/manslayer/one who kills another", "*ʾăḥuzzâ*": "possession/property/holding" } } 29 { "verseID": "Numbers.35.29", "source": "וְהָי֨וּ אֵ֧לֶּה לָכֶ֛ם לְחֻקַּ֥ת מִשְׁפָּ֖ט לְדֹרֹתֵיכֶ֑ם בְּכֹ֖ל מוֹשְׁבֹתֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "And *wəhāyû* these to you for *ḥuqqaṯ* *mišpāṭ* for *dōrōṯêḵem* in all *môšəḇōṯêḵem*.", "grammar": { "*wəhāyû*": "waw-consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - and they shall be", "*ḥuqqaṯ*": "feminine singular noun construct - statute of", "*mišpāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - judgment", "*dōrōṯêḵem*": "masculine plural noun + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your generations", "*môšəḇōṯêḵem*": "feminine plural noun + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your dwelling places" }, "variants": { "*ḥuqqâ*": "statute/ordinance/decree", "*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/justice/legal decision", "*dōrōṯ*": "generations/ages/periods", "*môšāḇôṯ*": "dwelling places/settlements/habitations" } } 30 { "verseID": "Numbers.35.30", "source": "כָּל־מַ֨כֵּה־נֶ֔פֶשׁ לְפִ֣י עֵדִ֔ים יִרְצַ֖ח אֶת־הָרֹצֵ֑חַ וְעֵ֣ד אֶחָ֔ד לֹא־יַעֲנֶ֥ה בְנֶ֖פֶשׁ לָמֽוּת׃", "text": "All-*makkēh*-*nepeš* by *pî* *ʿēḏîm* shall be killed *ʾeṯ*-*hārōṣēaḥ* and *ʿēḏ* *ʾeḥāḏ* shall not *yaʿăneh* against *nepeš* *lāmûṯ*.", "grammar": { "*makkēh*": "Hiphil participle, masculine singular construct - striker of", "*nepeš*": "feminine singular noun - soul/person", "*pî*": "masculine singular noun construct - mouth of", "*ʿēḏîm*": "masculine plural noun - witnesses", "*yirṣaḥ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall be killed", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*hārōṣēaḥ*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine singular - the murderer/manslayer", "*ʿēḏ*": "masculine singular noun - witness", "*ʾeḥāḏ*": "numeral, masculine singular - one", "*yaʿăneh*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall testify", "*nepeš*": "feminine singular noun - soul/person", "*lāmûṯ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to die" }, "variants": { "*makkēh*": "striker/one who strikes/attacker", "*nepeš*": "soul/person/life", "*pî*": "mouth/testimony/statement", "*ʿēḏîm*": "witnesses/testimonies", "*rōṣēaḥ*": "murderer/manslayer/one who kills another", "*ʿānâ*": "testify/answer/respond" } } 31 { "verseID": "Numbers.35.31", "source": "וְלֹֽא־תִקְח֥וּ כֹ֙פֶר֙ לְנֶ֣פֶשׁ רֹצֵ֔חַ אֲשֶׁר־ה֥וּא רָשָׁ֖ע לָמ֑וּת כִּי־מ֖וֹת יוּמָֽת׃", "text": "And not *ṯiqḥû* *ḵōp̄er* for *nepeš* *rōṣēaḥ* *ʾăšer*-he *rāšāʿ* *lāmûṯ* for *môṯ* *yûmāṯ*.", "grammar": { "*ṯiqḥû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall take", "*ḵōp̄er*": "masculine singular noun - ransom", "*nepeš*": "feminine singular noun construct - soul of", "*rōṣēaḥ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - murderer/manslayer", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*rāšāʿ*": "masculine singular adjective - wicked/guilty", "*lāmûṯ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to die", "*môṯ*": "Qal infinitive absolute - surely", "*yûmāṯ*": "Hophal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall be put to death" }, "variants": { "*ḵōp̄er*": "ransom/atonement price/bribe", "*nepeš*": "soul/person/life", "*rōṣēaḥ*": "murderer/manslayer/one who kills another", "*rāšāʿ*": "wicked/guilty/condemned", "*môṯ* *yûmāṯ*": "emphatic expression: 'he shall surely be put to death'" } } 32 { "verseID": "Numbers.35.32", "source": "וְלֹא־תִקְח֣וּ כֹ֔פֶר לָנ֖וּס אֶל־עִ֣יר מִקְלָט֑וֹ לָשׁוּב֙ לָשֶׁ֣בֶת בָּאָ֔רֶץ עַד־מ֖וֹת הַכֹּהֵֽן׃", "text": "And not *ṯiqḥû* *ḵōp̄er* *lānûs* to city *miqlāṭô* *lāšûḇ* *lāšeḇeṯ* in the land before *môṯ* *hakkōhēn*.", "grammar": { "*ṯiqḥû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall take", "*ḵōp̄er*": "masculine singular noun - ransom", "*lānûs*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to flee", "*miqlāṭô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his refuge", "*lāšûḇ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to return", "*lāšeḇeṯ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to dwell", "*môṯ*": "Qal infinitive construct - death of", "*hakkōhēn*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the priest" }, "variants": { "*ḵōp̄er*": "ransom/atonement price/bribe", "*miqlāṭ*": "refuge/asylum" } } 33 { "verseID": "Numbers.35.33", "source": "וְלֹֽא־תַחֲנִ֣יפוּ אֶת־הָאָ֗רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֤ר אַתֶּם֙ בָּ֔הּ כִּ֣י הַדָּ֔ם ה֥וּא יַחֲנִ֖יף אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ וְלָאָ֣רֶץ לֹֽא־יְכֻפַּ֗ר לַדָּם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר שֻׁפַּךְ־בָּ֔הּ כִּי־אִ֖ם בְּדַ֥ם שֹׁפְכֽוֹ׃", "text": "And not *ṯaḥănîp̄û* *ʾeṯ*-the land *ʾăšer* you in it for *haddām* it *yaḥănîp̄* *ʾeṯ*-the land and for the land not *yəḵuppar* for *dām* *ʾăšer* *šuppaḵ*-in it except with *dam* *šōp̄əḵô*.", "grammar": { "*ṯaḥănîp̄û*": "Hiphil imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall pollute", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*haddām*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the blood", "*yaḥănîp̄*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it pollutes", "*yəḵuppar*": "Pual imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it shall be atoned", "*dām*": "masculine singular noun - blood", "*šuppaḵ*": "Pual perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it was shed", "*dam*": "masculine singular noun construct - blood of", "*šōp̄əḵô*": "Qal participle, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - one who sheds it" }, "variants": { "*ḥānēp̄*": "pollute/defile/corrupt", "*kuppār*": "atone/make expiation/purge", "*šāp̄aḵ*": "pour out/shed/spill" } } 34 { "verseID": "Numbers.35.34", "source": "וְלֹ֧א תְטַמֵּ֣א אֶת־הָאָ֗רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֤ר אַתֶּם֙ יֹשְׁבִ֣ים בָּ֔הּ אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲנִ֖י שֹׁכֵ֣ן בְּתוֹכָ֑הּ כִּ֚י אֲנִ֣י יְהוָ֔ה שֹׁכֵ֕ן בְּת֖וֹךְ בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ פ", "text": "And not *ṯəṭammēʾ* *ʾeṯ*-the land *ʾăšer* you *yōšəḇîm* in it *ʾăšer* I *šōḵēn* *bəṯôḵāh* for I *YHWH* *šōḵēn* *bəṯôḵ* *bənê* *Yiśrāʾēl*.", "grammar": { "*ṯəṭammēʾ*": "Piel imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall defile", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*yōšəḇîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - dwelling", "*šōḵēn*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - dwelling", "*bəṯôḵāh*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - in the midst of it", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*bəṯôḵ*": "preposition + masculine singular noun construct - in the midst of", "*bənê*": "construct masculine plural of *bēn* - sons of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*ṭāmēʾ*": "defile/make unclean/pollute", "*yōšēḇ*": "dweller/inhabitant/resident", "*šōḵēn*": "dwelling/residing/abiding", "*tôḵ*": "midst/among/within" } }
  • 2 Sam 16:10 : 10 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.16.10", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ מַה־לִּ֥י וְלָכֶ֖ם בְּנֵ֣י צְרֻיָ֑ה *כי **כֹּ֣ה יְקַלֵּ֗ל *וכי **כִּ֤י יְהוָה֙ אָ֤מַר לוֹ֙ קַלֵּ֣ל אֶת־דָּוִ֔ד וּמִ֣י יֹאמַ֔ר מַדּ֖וּעַ עָשִׂ֥יתָה כֵּֽן׃ ס", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* the *hammelek*, \"*Mah-lî* and to you, *bənê Ṣəruyāh*? *Kōh yəqallēl* because *Yəhwāh* *ʾāmar* to him, 'Curse *ʾeṯ-Dāwid*,' and who shall *yōʾmar*, '*Maddûaʿ* *ʿāśîṯāh* thus?'\"", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*hammelek*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the king", "*Mah-lî*": "interrogative + preposition + 1st person singular suffix - what to me", "*bənê Ṣəruyāh*": "noun, masculine plural construct + proper noun - sons of Zeruiah", "*Kōh yəqallēl*": "adverb + piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - thus let him curse", "*Yəhwāh*": "proper noun - LORD", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - has said", "*ʾeṯ-Dāwid*": "direct object marker + proper noun - David", "*yōʾmar*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will say", "*Maddûaʿ*": "interrogative - why", "*ʿāśîṯāh*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you have done" }, "variants": { "*Mah-lî*": "what have I to do/what concern is it/what business", "*bənê Ṣəruyāh*": "sons of Zeruiah - referring to Joab and Abishai", "*Kōh yəqallēl*": "let him curse/so let him curse", "*Maddûaʿ*": "why/for what reason", "*כי/כֹּ֣ה*": "textual variant - either 'for/because' or 'thus/so'", "*וכי/כִּ֤י*": "textual variant - both meaning 'because/for'" } }
  • Isa 10:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.7", "source": "וְהוּא לֹא־כֵן יְדַמֶּה וּלְבָבוֹ לֹא־כֵן יַחְשֹׁב כִּי לְהַשְׁמִיד בִּלְבָבוֹ וּלְהַכְרִית גּוֹיִם לֹא מְעָט", "text": "*wehûʾ* *lōʾ*-*ḵēn* *yedammeh* *ûlebābô* *lōʾ*-*ḵēn* *yaḥšōb* *kî* *lehašmîd* *bilbābô* *ûlehaḵrît* *gôyim* *lōʾ* *meʿāṭ*", "grammar": { "*wehûʾ*": "waw conjunction + personal pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - but he", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ḵēn*": "adverb - so/thus", "*yedammeh*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he thinks/intends", "*ûlebābô*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his heart", "*yaḥšōb*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he thinks/plans", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*lehašmîd*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to destroy", "*bilbābô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his heart", "*ûlehaḵrît*": "waw conjunction + preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - and to cut off", "*gôyim*": "noun, masculine plural - nations", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*meʿāṭ*": "adjective, masculine singular - few/little" }, "variants": { "*yedammeh*": "he thinks/intends/imagines/plans", "*lebāb*": "heart/inner man/mind/will", "*yaḥšōb*": "he thinks/plans/devises/intends", "*lehašmîd*": "to destroy/exterminate/annihilate", "*lehaḵrît*": "to cut off/destroy/eliminate" } }
  • Mic 7:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Micah.7.2", "source": "אָבַ֤ד חָסִיד֙ מִן־הָאָ֔רֶץ וְיָשָׁ֥ר בָּאָדָ֖ם אָ֑יִן כֻּלָּם֙ לְדָמִ֣ים יֶאֱרֹ֔בוּ אִ֥ישׁ אֶת־אָחִ֖יהוּ יָצ֥וּדוּ חֵֽרֶם׃", "text": "*ʾābad* *ḥāsîd* from-the-*ʾāreṣ*, and-*yāšār* among-*ʾādām* *ʾāyin*; *kullām* for-*dāmîm* *yeʾĕrōbû*, *ʾîš* *ʾet*-his brother *yāṣûdû* *ḥērem*.", "grammar": { "*ʾābad*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - has perished/disappeared", "*ḥāsîd*": "masculine singular adjective/noun - godly/pious person", "*min*": "preposition - from", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the land/earth", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*yāšār*": "masculine singular adjective/noun - upright person", "*bā-ʾādām*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - among men/humanity", "*ʾāyin*": "particle of negation - there is not/none", "*kullām*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - all of them", "*lə-dāmîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - for blood/bloodshed", "*yeʾĕrōbû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they lie in wait/ambush", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - man/each one", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾāḥîhû*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his brother", "*yāṣûdû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they hunt/trap", "*ḥērem*": "masculine singular noun - net/ban/destruction" }, "variants": { "*ʾābad*": "perished/disappeared/vanished", "*ḥāsîd*": "godly person/pious one/faithful one", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground/territory", "*yāšār*": "upright person/honest one/just person", "*ʾādām*": "mankind/humanity/people", "*dāmîm*": "blood/bloodshed/blood-guilt", "*yeʾĕrōbû*": "lie in wait/ambush/lurk", "*yāṣûdû*": "hunt/trap/catch", "*ḥērem*": "net/ban/destruction/devoted thing" } }