Verse 5

{ "verseID": "Genesis.14.5", "source": "וּבְאַרְבַּע֩ עֶשְׂרֵ֨ה שָׁנָ֜ה בָּ֣א כְדָרְלָעֹ֗מֶר וְהַמְּלָכִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אִתּ֔וֹ וַיַּכּ֤וּ אֶת־רְפָאִים֙ בְּעַשְׁתְּרֹ֣ת קַרְנַ֔יִם וְאֶת־הַזּוּזִ֖ים בְּהָ֑ם וְאֵת֙ הֽ͏ָאֵימִ֔ים בְּשָׁוֵ֖ה קִרְיָתָֽיִם׃", "text": "*û-ḇə-ʾarbaʿ* *ʿeśrēh* *šānāh* *bāʾ* *ḵəḏārlāʿōmer* *wə-ham-məlāḵîm* *ʾăšer* *ʾittô* *way-yakkû* *ʾeṯ*-*rəp̄āʾîm* *bə-ʿaštərōṯ* *qarnayim* *wə-ʾeṯ*-*haz-zûzîm* *bə-hām* *wə-ʾēṯ* *hā-ʾêmîm* *bə-šāwēh* *qiryāṯāyim*", "grammar": { "*û-ḇə-ʾarbaʿ*": "conjunction + preposition + numeral - and in fourteen", "*ʿeśrēh*": "numeral, feminine - ten", "*šānāh*": "common noun, feminine singular - year", "*bāʾ*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - came", "*ḵəḏārlāʿōmer*": "proper noun, king's name", "*wə-ham-məlāḵîm*": "conjunction + definite article + common noun, masculine plural - and the kings", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that", "*ʾittô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - with him", "*way-yakkû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they struck/defeated", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*rəp̄āʾîm*": "proper noun, people group (Rephaim)", "*bə-ʿaštərōṯ*": "preposition + proper noun, place name - in Ashteroth", "*qarnayim*": "proper noun, place name (Karnaim)", "*wə-ʾeṯ*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*haz-zûzîm*": "definite article + proper noun, people group (Zuzim)", "*bə-hām*": "preposition + proper noun, place name (Ham)", "*hā-ʾêmîm*": "definite article + proper noun, people group (Emim)", "*bə-šāwēh*": "preposition + proper noun, place name - in Shaveh", "*qiryāṯāyim*": "proper noun, place name (Kiriathaim)" }, "variants": { "*way-yakkû*": "struck/defeated/smote" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  I det fjortende året kom Kedorlaomer og kongene som var med ham, og de beseiret refaittene, et folk fra Asjterot-Karnaim, susittene fra Ham, og emittene fra Sjave-Kirjatayim.

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Og i det fjortende året kom Kedorlaomer og de kongene som var med ham, og slo refaittene ved Asjterot-Karnaim, susittene ved Ham, og emittene ved Sjawe-Kirjatajim.

• Norsk King James

  Og i det fjortende året kom Kedorlaomer, og kongene som var med ham, og slo refajittene i Asjterot-Karnaim, zuzittene i Ham, og emittene i Sjeve-Kiriata'im,

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Og i det fjortende året kom Kedorlaomer og kongene som var med ham, og slo refaittene i Asjtarot-Karnaim, susitene i Ham, emittene i Sjave-Kirjatajim,

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  I det fjortende året kom Kedorlaomer og kongene som var med ham, og de slo refaittene i Asjterot-Karnaim og susittene i Ham, samt emittene i Sjave-Kirjatajim.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  I det fjortende året kom Kedorlaomer sammen med kongene som var med ham, og slo refaittene i Asjterot-Karnaim, zusittene i Ham, og emittene i Sjeve Kiriatajim,

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Og i det fjortende året kom Chedorlaomer sammen med de kongene som var med ham, og slo Refaimene ved Ashteroth Karnaim, Zuzimene i Ham og Emimene i Shaveh Kiriathaim,

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  I det fjortende året kom Kedorlaomer sammen med kongene som var med ham, og slo refaittene i Asjterot-Karnaim, zusittene i Ham, og emittene i Sjeve Kiriatajim,

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  I det fjortende år kom Kedorlaomer og kongene med ham, og de slo refaittene i Asterot-Karnaim, susittene i Ham, emittene i Sjasve-Kirjataim.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  In the fourteenth year, Chedorlaomer and the kings who were with him came and defeated the Rephaim in Ashteroth-Karnaim, the Zuzim in Ham, the Emim in Shaveh-Kiriathaim,

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  I det fjortende året kom Kedorlaomer og kongene som var med ham, og de beseiret refa'ittene i Asjterot-Karnajim, susittene i Ham, emittene i Sjaveh-Kirjatajim,

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Og i det fjortende Aar kom Kedorlaomer og de Konger, som vare med ham, og sloge de Rephaiter i Astharoth-Karnaim, og de Susiter i Ham, og de Emiter i Schaveh-Kirjathaim,

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And in the fourteenth year came Chedorlaomer, and the kings that were with him, and smote the Rephaims in Ashteroth Karnaim, and the Zuzims in Ham, and the Emims in Shaveh Kiriathaim,

• KJV 1769 norsk

  I det fjortende året kom Kedorlaomer, sammen med kongene som var med ham, og slo refaittene i Asjterot-Karnaim, susittene i Ham, og emittene i Sjava-Kiriatajim,

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  And in the fourteenth year, Chedorlaomer and the kings with him came and struck the Rephaim in Ashteroth Karnaim, the Zuzim in Ham, and the Emim in Shaveh Kiriathaim,

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And in the fourteenth year came Chedorlaomer, and the kings that were with him, and smote the Rephaims in Ashteroth Karnaim, and the Zuzims in Ham, and the Emims in Shaveh Kiriathaim,

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  I det fjortende året kom Kedorlaomer, og kongene som var med ham, og slo refaittene i Asjtarot-Karnaim, suimittene i Ham, emittene i Sjave-Kiriatajim,

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Og i det fjortende året kom Kedorlaomer og kongene som var med ham, og de slo refaittene i Asjterot-Karnaim, zuzittene i Ham, emittene i Sjeve-Kirjatajim,

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  I det fjortende året kom Kedorlaomer og kongene som var med ham, og slo refaimene i Asjterot-Karnaim, zuzittene i Ham, og emittene i Sjave-Kirjatajim,

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Så i det fjortende året kom Kedorlaomer og kongene som støttet ham, og beseiret Refa'im i Asjterot-Karnaim, Suserne i Ham, Emimene i Sjeve-Kirjataim,

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  Therfore in the.xiiij. yere came kedorlaomer and the kynges that were wyth hym and smote the Raphayms in Astarath Karnaim and the Susims in Hain ad the Emyms in Sabe Kariathaim

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Therfore in the fourtenth yeare came Kedorlaomer, and the kynges yt were with him, & smote the Giauntes in Astaroth Karnaim, & Susim at Ham, & Emim in the felde of Kiriathaim,

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And in the fourteenth yeere came Chedor-laomer, and the Kings that were with him, and smote the Rephaims in Ashteroth Karnaim, and the Zuzims in Ham, and the Emims in Shaueh Kiriathaim,

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And in the fourteenth yere came Chodorlaomer and the kynges that were with hym, and smote the Giauntes in Astaroth-carnaim, and the Lusimes in Ham, and the Emims in the playne of Cariathaim.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And in the fourteenth year came Chedorlaomer, and the kings that [were] with him, and smote the Rephaims in Ashteroth Karnaim, and the Zuzims in Ham, and the Emims in Shaveh Kiriathaim,

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  In the fourteenth year Chedorlaomer came, and the kings who were with him, and struck the Rephaim in Ashteroth Karnaim, and the Zuzim in Ham, and the Emim in Shaveh-kiriathaim,

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And in the fourteenth year came Chedorlaomer, and the kings who `are' with him, and they smite the Rephaim in Ashteroth Karnaim, and the Zuzim in Ham, and the Emim in Shaveh Kiriathaim,

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And in the fourteenth year came Chedorlaomer, and the kings that were with him, and smote the Rephaim in Ashteroth-karnaim, and the Zuzim in Ham, and the Emim in Shaveh-kiriathaim,

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And in the fourteenth year, Chedorlaomer and the kings who were on his side, overcame the Rephaim in Ashteroth-karnaim, and the Zuzim in Ham, and the Emim in Shaveh-kiriathaim,

• World English Bible (2000)

  In the fourteenth year Chedorlaomer came, and the kings who were with him, and struck the Rephaim in Ashteroth Karnaim, and the Zuzim in Ham, and the Emim in Shaveh Kiriathaim,

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  In the fourteenth year, Kedorlaomer and the kings who were his allies came and defeated the Rephaites in Ashteroth Karnaim, the Zuzites in Ham, the Emites in Shaveh Kiriathaim,

Referenced Verses

• Deut 3:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.3.11", "source": "כִּ֣י רַק־ע֞וֹג מֶ֣לֶךְ הַבָּשָׁ֗ן נִשְׁאַר֮ מִיֶּ֣תֶר הָרְפָאִים֒ הִנֵּ֤ה עַרְשׂוֹ֙ עֶ֣רֶשׂ בַּרְזֶ֔ל הֲלֹ֣ה הִ֔וא בְּרַבַּ֖ת בְּנֵ֣י עַמּ֑וֹן תֵּ֧שַׁע אַמּ֣וֹת אָרְכָּ֗הּ וְאַרְבַּ֥ע אַמּ֛וֹת רָחְבָּ֖הּ בְּאַמַּת־אִֽישׁ׃", "text": "For *kî* only-*raq*-*ʿÔg* king-of *melek* the-*haBāšān* remained *nišʾar* from-remnant-of *miyyeter* the-*hārəpāʾîm*. Behold *hinnēh* bed-his *ʿarśô* bed-of *ʿereś* iron *barzel*, is-not *hălōh* it *hiwʾ* in-*Rabbat* sons-of *bənê* *ʿAmmôn*? Nine *tēšaʿ* cubits *ʾammôt* length-its *ʾorkāh* and-four *wəʾarbaʿ* cubits *ʾammôt* width-its *roḥbāh* by-cubit-of *bəʾammat*-man *ʾîš*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*raq*": "adverb - only/surely", "*ʿÔg*": "proper noun, personal name - Og", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*haBāšān*": "definite article + proper noun, geographic location - the Bashan", "*nišʾar*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he remained/was left", "*miyyeter*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from remnant of", "*hārəpāʾîm*": "definite article + proper noun, masculine plural - the Rephaim (giants)", "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/look", "*ʿarśô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his bed", "*ʿereś*": "noun, feminine singular construct - bed of", "*barzel*": "noun, masculine singular - iron", "*hălōh*": "interrogative particle + negative particle - is it not", "*hiwʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd person feminine singular - it/she", "*Rabbat*": "proper noun, geographic location construct - Rabbah of", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*ʿAmmôn*": "proper noun, geographic/ethnic - Ammon", "*tēšaʿ*": "number, cardinal - nine", "*ʾammôt*": "noun, feminine plural - cubits", "*ʾorkāh*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - its length", "*wəʾarbaʿ*": "conjunction + number, cardinal - and four", "*roḥbāh*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - its width", "*bəʾammat*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - by cubit of", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man" }, "variants": { "*rəpāʾîm*": "Rephaim/giants/shades/dead ones", "*ʿereś*": "bed/couch/resting place/sarcophagus", "*barzel*": "iron/iron implement" } }
• Gen 15:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Genesis.15.20", "source": "וְאֶת־הַחִתִּ֥י וְאֶת־הַפְּרִזִּ֖י וְאֶת־הָרְפָאִֽים׃", "text": "And-*et*-the-*Ḥittî* and-*et*-the-*Pərizzî* and-*et*-the-*Rəp̄āʾîm*.", "grammar": { "*Ḥittî*": "proper name - Hittite", "*Pərizzî*": "proper name - Perizzite", "*Rəp̄āʾîm*": "proper name - Rephaim" }, "variants": { "*Ḥittî*": "Hittite/people group", "*Pərizzî*": "Perizzite/people group", "*Rəp̄āʾîm*": "Rephaim/giants/ancient people group" } }
• Deut 1:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.4", "source": "אַחֲרֵ֣י הַכֹּת֗וֹ אֵ֚ת סִיחֹן֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ הָֽאֱמֹרִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֥ר יוֹשֵׁ֖ב בְּחֶשְׁבּ֑וֹן וְאֵ֗ת ע֚וֹג מֶ֣לֶךְ הַבָּשָׁ֔ן אֲשֶׁר־יוֹשֵׁ֥ב בְּעַשְׁתָּרֹ֖ת בְּאֶדְרֶֽעִי", "text": "After *hakkōṯô* *ʾēṯ* *sîḥōn* *meleḵ* *hāʾĕmōrî* who *yōšēḇ* in-*ḥešbôn* and-*ʾēṯ* *ʿôg* *meleḵ* the-*bāšān* who-*yōšēḇ* in-*ʿaštārōṯ* in-*ʾedrêʿî*", "grammar": { "*hakkōṯô*": "hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his defeating/striking", "*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker", "*sîḥōn*": "proper noun - Sihon", "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular construct - king of", "*hāʾĕmōrî*": "proper noun with definite article - the Amorite(s)", "*yōšēḇ*": "qal participle masculine singular - dwelling/sitting/residing", "*ḥešbôn*": "proper noun - Heshbon", "*ʿôg*": "proper noun - Og", "*bāšān*": "proper noun with definite article - the Bashan", "*ʿaštārōṯ*": "proper noun - Ashtaroth", "*ʾedrêʿî*": "proper noun - Edrei" }, "variants": { "*hakkōṯô*": "his defeating/striking/slaying", "*yōšēḇ*": "dwelling/residing/living/sitting" } }
• Deut 2:10-11 : 10 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.2.10", "source": "הָאֵמִ֥ים לְפָנִ֖ים יָ֣שְׁבוּ בָ֑הּ עַ֣ם גָּד֥וֹל וְרַ֛ב וָרָ֖ם כָּעֲנָקִֽים׃", "text": "The *ʾēmîm* *lepānîm* *yāšebū* in her *ʿam* *gādôl* and *rab* and *rām* like the *ʿănāqîm*", "grammar": { "*ʾēmîm*": "proper noun - Emim", "*lepānîm*": "preposition + noun masculine plural - formerly/previously", "*yāšebū*": "qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they dwelt", "*ʿam*": "noun masculine singular - people", "*gādôl*": "adjective masculine singular - great", "*rab*": "adjective masculine singular - numerous", "*rām*": "adjective masculine singular - tall", "*ʿănāqîm*": "proper noun - Anakim" }, "variants": { "*ʾēmîm*": "Emites/Emim (proper name of ancient people)", "*lepānîm*": "formerly/before/previously/in former times", "*yāšebū*": "dwelt/lived/inhabited", "*ʿam*": "people/nation/folk", "*gādôl*": "great/large/mighty", "*rab*": "many/numerous/abundant", "*rām*": "tall/high/lofty", "*ʿănāqîm*": "Anakim (proper name of giant people)" } } 11 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.2.11", "source": "רְפָאִ֛ים יֵחָשְׁב֥וּ אַף־הֵ֖ם כָּעֲנָקִ֑ים וְהַמֹּ֣אָבִ֔ים יִקְרְא֥וּ לָהֶ֖ם אֵמִֽים׃", "text": "*Repāʾîm* *yēḥāšebū* also-they like the *ʿănāqîm* and the *môʾābîm* *yiqreʾū* to them *ʾēmîm*", "grammar": { "*Repāʾîm*": "proper noun - Rephaim", "*yēḥāšebū*": "niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they are considered", "*ʿănāqîm*": "proper noun - Anakim", "*môʾābîm*": "proper noun - Moabites", "*yiqreʾū*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they call", "*ʾēmîm*": "proper noun - Emim" }, "variants": { "*Repāʾîm*": "Rephaim (proper name of giant people)", "*yēḥāšebū*": "are considered/counted/reckoned", "*môʾābîm*": "Moabites (people of Moab)", "*yiqreʾū*": "call/name/designate" } }
• Deut 2:20-23 : 20 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.2.20", "source": "אֶֽרֶץ־רְפָאִ֥ים תֵּחָשֵׁ֖ב אַף־הִ֑וא רְפָאִ֤ים יָֽשְׁבוּ־בָהּ֙ לְפָנִ֔ים וְהָֽעַמֹּנִ֔ים יִקְרְא֥וּ לָהֶ֖ם זַמְזֻמִּֽים׃", "text": "*ʾereṣ*-*rəp̄āʾîm* *têḥāšêḇ* *ʾap̄*-*hîʾ* *rəp̄āʾîm* *yāšḇû*-*ḇāh* *ləp̄ānîm* *wə-hāʿammōnîm* *yiqrəʾû* to-them *zamzummîm*", "grammar": { "*ʾereṣ*-*rəp̄āʾîm*": "noun construct chain - land of Rephaim", "*têḥāšêḇ*": "verb, Niphal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - it is considered/reckoned", "*ʾap̄*-*hîʾ*": "conjunction + 3rd person feminine singular pronoun - also it/even it", "*rəp̄āʾîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Rephaim (giants)", "*yāšḇû*-*ḇāh*": "verb, Qal perfect 3rd person common plural + preposition with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - they dwelled in it", "*ləp̄ānîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - formerly/in former times", "*wə-hāʿammōnîm*": "conjunction + definite article + proper noun, masculine plural - and the Ammonites", "*yiqrəʾû*": "verb, Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they call/name", "*zamzummîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Zamzummim" }, "variants": { "*rəp̄āʾîm*": "Rephaim/giants/mighty ones", "*ləp̄ānîm*": "formerly/in former times/previously", "*yiqrəʾû*": "they call/they name/they proclaim" } } 21 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.2.21", "source": "עַ֣ם גָּד֥וֹל וְרַ֛ב וָרָ֖ם כָּעֲנָקִ֑ים וַיַּשְׁמִידֵ֤ם יְהוָה֙ מִפְּנֵיהֶ֔ם וַיִּירָשֻׁ֖ם וַיֵּשְׁב֥וּ תַחְתָּֽם׃", "text": "*ʿam* *gāḏôl* *wə-raḇ* *wā-rām* *kāʿănāqîm* *wayyašmîḏêm* *YHWH* *mippənêhem* *wayyîrāšum* *wayyêšḇû* *taḥtām*", "grammar": { "*ʿam*": "noun, masculine singular - people/nation", "*gāḏôl*": "adjective, masculine singular - great/large", "*wə-raḇ*": "conjunction + adjective, masculine singular - and numerous/many", "*wā-rām*": "conjunction + adjective, masculine singular - and tall/high", "*kāʿănāqîm*": "preposition + proper noun, masculine plural - like the Anakim", "*wayyašmîḏêm*": "conjunction + verb, Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and he destroyed them", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*mippənêhem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from before them", "*wayyîrāšum*": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and they dispossessed them", "*wayyêšḇû*": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they dwelled/settled", "*taḥtām*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their place/instead of them" }, "variants": { "*rām*": "tall/high/exalted", "*wayyašmîḏêm*": "and he destroyed them/exterminated them/annihilated them", "*mippənêhem*": "from before them/from their presence/from their face", "*wayyîrāšum*": "and they dispossessed them/drove them out/took possession of them", "*taḥtām*": "in their place/instead of them/under them" } } 22 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.2.22", "source": "כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר עָשָׂה֙ לִבְנֵ֣י עֵשָׂ֔ו הַיֹּשְׁבִ֖ים בְּשֵׂעִ֑יר אֲשֶׁ֨ר הִשְׁמִ֤יד אֶת־הַחֹרִי֙ מִפְּנֵיהֶ֔ם וַיִּֽירָשֻׁם֙ וַיֵּשְׁב֣וּ תַחְתָּ֔ם עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "*kaʾăšer* *ʿāśāh* to-*bənê* *ʿêśāw* *hayyōšḇîm* in-*śêʿîr* *ʾăšer* *hišmîḏ* *ʾet*-*haḥōrî* *mippənêhem* *wayyîrāšum* *wayyêšḇû* *taḥtām* until *hayyôm* *hazzeh*", "grammar": { "*kaʾăšer*": "preposition + relative pronoun - as/just as", "*ʿāśāh*": "verb, Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he did/made", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of/children of", "*ʿêśāw*": "proper noun - Esau", "*hayyōšḇîm*": "definite article + verb, Qal participle masculine plural - the ones dwelling/settling", "*śêʿîr*": "proper noun - Seir", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/which/that", "*hišmîḏ*": "verb, Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he destroyed", "*ʾet*-*haḥōrî*": "direct object marker + definite article + proper noun - the Horites", "*mippənêhem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from before them", "*wayyîrāšum*": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and they dispossessed them", "*wayyêšḇû*": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they dwelled/settled", "*taḥtām*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their place/instead of them", "*hayyôm*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the day", "*hazzeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*hišmîḏ*": "destroyed/exterminated/annihilated", "*wayyîrāšum*": "and they dispossessed them/drove them out/took possession of them", "*taḥtām*": "in their place/instead of them/under them", "*hayyôm* *hazzeh*": "this day/today/until now" } } 23 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.2.23", "source": "וְהָֽעַוִּ֛ים הַיֹּשְׁבִ֥ים בַּחֲצֵרִ֖ים עַד־עַזָּ֑ה כַּפְתֹּרִים֙ הַיֹּצְאִ֣ים מִכַּפְתּ֔וֹר הִשְׁמִידֻ֖ם וַיֵּשְׁב֥וּ תַחְתָּֽם׃", "text": "*wə-hāʿawwîm* *hayyōšḇîm* in-*haḥăṣêrîm* until-*ʿazzāh* *kap̄tōrîm* *hayyōṣʾîm* from-*kap̄tôr* *hišmîḏūm* *wayyêšḇû* *taḥtām*", "grammar": { "*wə-hāʿawwîm*": "conjunction + definite article + proper noun, masculine plural - and the Avvim", "*hayyōšḇîm*": "definite article + verb, Qal participle masculine plural - the ones dwelling/settling", "*haḥăṣêrîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - villages/settlements", "*ʿazzāh*": "proper noun - Gaza", "*kap̄tōrîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Caphtorim", "*hayyōṣʾîm*": "definite article + verb, Qal participle masculine plural - the ones coming out/originating", "*kap̄tôr*": "proper noun - Caphtor", "*hišmîḏūm*": "verb, Hiphil perfect 3rd person common plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - they destroyed them", "*wayyêšḇû*": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they dwelled/settled", "*taḥtām*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their place/instead of them" }, "variants": { "*haḥăṣêrîm*": "villages/settlements/unwalled towns", "*kap̄tōrîm*": "Caphtorim/Cretans/peoples from Crete", "*kap̄tôr*": "Caphtor/Crete/region in eastern Mediterranean", "*hišmîḏūm*": "they destroyed them/exterminated them/annihilated them", "*taḥtām*": "in their place/instead of them/under them" } }
• Deut 3:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.3.20", "source": "עַ֠ד אֲשֶׁר־יָנִ֨יחַ יְהוָ֥ה ׀ לֽ͏ַאֲחֵיכֶם֮ כָּכֶם֒ וְיָרְשׁ֣וּ גַם־הֵ֔ם אֶת־הָאָ֕רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֨ר יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֛ם נֹתֵ֥ן לָהֶ֖ם בְּעֵ֣בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן וְשַׁבְתֶּ֗ם אִ֚ישׁ לִֽירֻשָּׁת֔וֹ אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָתַ֖תִּי לָכֶֽם׃", "text": "Until *ʿad* that-*ʾăšer*-gives-rest *yānîaḥ* *YHWH* to-brothers-your *laʾăḥêkem* like-you *kākem*, and-they-possess *wəyārəšû* also-*gam*-they *hēm* *ʾet*-the-land *hāʾāreṣ* which *ʾăšer* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem* is-giving *nōtēn* to-them *lāhem* in-across *bəʿēber* the-*haYardēn*; and-you-shall-return *wəšabtem* each-man *ʾîš* to-possession-his *lîrūššātô* which *ʾăšer* I-have-given *nātattî* to-you-all *lākem*.", "grammar": { "*ʿad*": "preposition - until/unto", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - that/which", "*yānîaḥ*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he gives rest", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*laʾăḥêkem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - to your brothers", "*kākem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - like you", "*wəyārəšû*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine plural - and they possess/inherit", "*gam*": "adverb - also/even", "*hēm*": "pronoun, 3rd person masculine plural - they", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker - (accusative)", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which/that", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your God", "*nōtēn*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - giving", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them", "*bəʿēber*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in the region across", "*haYardēn*": "definite article + proper noun - the Jordan", "*wəšabtem*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - and you shall return", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man/each", "*lîrūššātô*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to his possession", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which/that", "*nātattî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have given", "*lākem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - to you all" }, "variants": { "*yānîaḥ*": "give rest/cause to rest/set down", "*wəyārəšû*": "possess/inherit/dispossess", "*nōtēn*": "giving/putting/placing/appointing", "*ʿēber*": "region across/side/beyond", "*wəšabtem*": "return/turn back/repent", "*yərūššâ*": "possession/inheritance/property", "*nātattî*": "give/put/set/place/appoint" } }
• Deut 3:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.3.22", "source": "לֹ֖א תִּ͏ְירָא֑וּם כִּ֚י יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֔ם ה֖וּא הַנִּלְחָ֥ם לָכֶֽם׃ ס", "text": "Not *lōʾ* you-shall-fear-them *tîrāʾûm* for *kî* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem* he *hûʾ* the-one-fighting *hannilḥām* for-you-all *lākem*.", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tîrāʾûm*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - you shall fear them", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your God", "*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - he", "*hannilḥām*": "definite article + verb, niphal participle, masculine singular - the one fighting", "*lākem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - for you all" }, "variants": { "*tîrāʾûm*": "fear/be afraid of/be in awe of them", "*hannilḥām*": "fighting/battling/waging war" } }
• Josh 12:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Joshua.12.4", "source": "וּגְב֗וּל ע֚וֹג מֶ֣לֶךְ הַבָּשָׁ֔ן מִיֶּ֖תֶר הָרְפָאִ֑ים הַיּוֹשֵׁ֥ב בְּעַשְׁתָּר֖וֹת וּבְאֶדְרֶֽעִי׃", "text": "And *gəbûl* *ʿôg* *melek* the *bāšān* from *yeter* the *rəpāʾîm* the *hayyôšēb* in *ʿaštārôt* and in *ʾedreʿî*", "grammar": { "*û-gəbûl*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and territory/border of", "*ʿôg*": "proper noun - Og", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*ha-bāšān*": "definite proper noun - the Bashan", "*miy-yeter*": "preposition + noun construct - from remainder of", "*hā-rəpāʾîm*": "definite noun, masculine plural - the Rephaim", "*ha-yôšēb*": "definite qal participle, masculine singular - the one dwelling", "*bə-ʿaštārôt*": "preposition + proper noun - in Ashtaroth", "*û-bə-ʾedreʿî*": "conjunction + preposition + proper noun - and in Edrei" }, "variants": { "*gəbûl*": "territory, border, boundary, region", "*melek*": "king, ruler, sovereign", "*yeter*": "remainder, remnant, rest, residue", "*rəpāʾîm*": "Rephaim (ancient race of giants)", "*yôšēb*": "dwelling, residing, sitting, inhabiting" } }
• Josh 13:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Joshua.13.12", "source": "כָּל־מַמְלְכ֥וּת עוֹג֙ בַּבָּשָׁ֔ן אֲשֶׁר־מָלַ֥ךְ בְּעַשְׁתָּר֖וֹת וּבְאֶדְרֶ֑עִי ה֤וּא נִשְׁאַר֙ מִיֶּ֣תֶר הָרְפָאִ֔ים וַיַּכֵּ֥ם מֹשֶׁ֖ה וַיֹּרִשֵֽׁם׃", "text": "All *mamlakhut og* in *habbashan* who *malakh* in *ashtarot* and in *edre'i*, he *nish'ar* from *yeter harefa'im*, and *vayyakkem mosheh* and *vayyorishem*.", "grammar": { "*mamlakhut og*": "noun, feminine, singular construct + proper noun - kingdom of Og", "*habbashan*": "proper noun with definite article - the Bashan", "*malakh*": "verb, qal, perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he reigned", "*ashtarot*": "proper noun - Ashtaroth (place)", "*edre'i*": "proper noun - Edrei (place)", "*nish'ar*": "verb, niphal, perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he remained", "*yeter harefa'im*": "noun, masculine, singular construct + noun with definite article - remnant of the Rephaim", "*vayyakkem*": "conjunction + verb, hiphil, imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + suffix, 3rd person masculine plural - and he struck them", "*vayyorishem*": "conjunction + verb, hiphil, imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + suffix, 3rd person masculine plural - and he dispossessed them" }, "variants": { "*mamlakhut*": "kingdom/realm/royal dominion", "*nish'ar*": "remained/was left/survived", "*harefa'im*": "the Rephaim/the giants/ancient people", "*vayyakkem*": "and he struck them/and he defeated them/and he smote them", "*vayyorishem*": "and he dispossessed them/and he drove them out/and he expelled them" } }
• Josh 13:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Joshua.13.19", "source": "וְקִרְיָתַ֣יִם וְשִׂבְמָ֔ה וְצֶ֥רֶת הַשַּׁ֖חַר בְּהַ֥ר הָעֵֽמֶק׃", "text": "And *qiryatayim* and *sivmah* and *tseret hasshachar behar ha'emeq*.", "grammar": { "*qiryatayim*": "proper noun - Kiriathaim (place)", "*sivmah*": "proper noun - Sibmah (place)", "*tseret hasshachar*": "proper noun + noun with definite article - Zereth-hashahar (place)", "*behar ha'emeq*": "preposition + noun, masculine, singular construct + noun with definite article - in mountain of the valley" }, "variants": { "*tseret hasshachar*": "Zereth-hashahar (lit. splendor of the dawn)", "*behar ha'emeq*": "in the mountain of the valley/on the mountain of the valley" } }
• Josh 13:31 : 31 { "verseID": "Joshua.13.31", "source": "וַחֲצִ֤י הַגִּלְעָד֙ וְעַשְׁתָּר֣וֹת וְאֶדְרֶ֔עִי עָרֵ֛י מַמְלְכ֥וּת ע֖וֹג בַּבָּשָׁ֑ן לִבְנֵ֤י מָכִיר֙ בֶּן־מְנַשֶּׁ֔ה לַחֲצִ֥י בְנֵֽי־מָכִ֖יר לְמִשְׁפְּחוֹתָֽם׃", "text": "And half *haggil'ad* and *ashtarot* and *edre'i*, *are mamlakhut og babbashan*, to *bene makhir ben-menashsheh*, to half *bene-makhir lemishpechotam*.", "grammar": { "*haggil'ad*": "proper noun with definite article - the Gilead", "*ashtarot*": "proper noun - Ashtaroth", "*edre'i*": "proper noun - Edrei", "*are mamlakhut og babbashan*": "noun, feminine, plural construct + noun, feminine, singular construct + proper noun + preposition + proper noun with definite article - cities of kingdom of Og in the Bashan", "*bene makhir ben-menashsheh*": "noun, masculine, plural construct + proper noun + noun, masculine, singular construct + proper noun - children of Machir son of Manasseh", "*bene-makhir lemishpechotam*": "noun, masculine, plural construct + proper noun + preposition + noun, feminine, plural + possessive suffix, 3rd person masculine plural - children of Machir according to their families" }, "variants": { "*are*": "cities/towns", "*mamlakhut*": "kingdom/realm/royal dominion", "*mishpechotam*": "their families/their clans/their households" } }
• 2 Sam 5:18 : 18 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.5.18", "source": "וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֖ים בָּ֑אוּ וַיִּנָּטְשׁ֖וּ בְּעֵ֥מֶק רְפָאִֽים׃", "text": "And-*pəlištîm* *bāʾû* *wə-yinnāṭəšû* in-*ʿēmeq* *rəpāʾîm*", "grammar": { "*pəlištîm*": "gentilic plural - Philistines", "*bāʾû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - they came", "*wə-yinnāṭəšû*": "conjunction + Niphal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they spread themselves", "*ʿēmeq*": "noun, masculine singular construct - valley of", "*rəpāʾîm*": "proper noun - Rephaim" }, "variants": { "*yinnāṭəšû*": "they spread themselves/they deployed/they dispersed" } }
• 2 Sam 5:22 : 22 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.5.22", "source": "וַיֹּסִ֥פוּ ע֛וֹד פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים לַֽעֲל֑וֹת וַיִּנָּֽטְשׁ֖וּ בְּעֵ֥מֶק רְפָאִֽים׃", "text": "*wə-yōsîpû* yet *pəlištîm* to-*laʿălôt* *wə-yinnāṭəšû* in-*ʿēmeq* *rəpāʾîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōsîpû*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they again/continued", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - still/yet/again", "*pəlištîm*": "gentilic plural - Philistines", "*laʿălôt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to go up", "*wə-yinnāṭəšû*": "conjunction + Niphal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they spread themselves", "*ʿēmeq*": "noun, masculine singular construct - valley of", "*rəpāʾîm*": "proper noun - Rephaim" }, "variants": { "*yōsîpû*": "they added/they again/they continued" } }
• 2 Sam 23:13 : 13 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.23.13", "source": "וַיֵּרְד֨וּ *שלשים **שְׁלֹשָׁ֜ה מֵהַשְּׁלֹשִׁ֣ים רֹ֗אשׁ וַיָּבֹ֤אוּ אֶל־קָצִיר֙ אֶל־דָּוִ֔ד אֶל־מְעָרַ֖ת עֲדֻלָּ֑ם וְחַיַּ֣ת פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים חֹנָ֖ה בְּעֵ֥מֶק רְפָאִֽים", "text": "And *yērəḏû* *šəlōšāh* from the *haššəlōšîm* *rōʾš*, and *yāḇōʾû* *ʾel*-*qāṣîr* *ʾel*-*Dāwiḏ*, *ʾel*-*məʿāraṯ* *ʿĂḏullām*; and *ḥayyaṯ* *Pəlištîm* *ḥōnāh* in *ʿēmeq* *Rəfāʾîm*", "grammar": { "*wa-*": "consecutive - and", "*yērəḏû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they went down", "*šəlōšāh*": "number - three", "*mē-*": "preposition - from", "*ha-*": "definite article - the", "*šəlōšîm*": "number - thirty", "*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine singular - head/chief", "*wa-*": "consecutive - and", "*yāḇōʾû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they came", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*qāṣîr*": "noun, masculine singular - harvest", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*Dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*məʿāraṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - cave of", "*ʿĂḏullām*": "proper noun - Adullam", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ḥayyaṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - company of", "*Pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*ḥōnāh*": "qal participle, feminine singular - encamping", "*bə-*": "preposition - in", "*ʿēmeq*": "noun, masculine singular construct - valley of", "*Rəfāʾîm*": "proper noun - Rephaim" }, "variants": { "*yērəḏû*": "went down/descended", "*rōʾš*": "head/chief/principal men", "*yāḇōʾû*": "came/entered/arrived", "*qāṣîr*": "harvest/harvest time", "*məʿāraṯ*": "cave of/den of", "*ḥayyaṯ*": "company/troop/host", "*ḥōnāh*": "encamping/camping/settling" } }
• 1 Chr 4:40 : 40 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.4.40", "source": "וַֽיִּמְצְא֤וּ מִרְעֶה֙ שָׁמֵ֣ן וָט֔וֹב וְהָאָ֙רֶץ֙ רַחֲבַ֣ת יָדַ֔יִם וְשֹׁקֶ֖טֶת וּשְׁלֵוָ֑ה כִּ֣י מִן־חָ֔ם הַיֹּשְׁבִ֥ים שָׁ֖ם לְפָנִֽים׃", "text": "*wayyimṣᵊʾû* *mirʿeh* *šāmēn* *wāṭôb* *wᵊhāʾāreṣ* *raḥăbat* *yādayim* *wᵊšōqeṭet* *ûšᵊlēwāh* *kî* *min*-*ḥām* *hayyōšᵊbîm* *šām* *lᵊpānîm*", "grammar": { "*wayyimṣᵊʾû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3mp with waw-consecutive - and they found", "*mirʿeh*": "noun - pasture", "*šāmēn*": "adjective - fat/rich", "*wāṭôb*": "conjunction + adjective - and good", "*wᵊhāʾāreṣ*": "conjunction + definite article + noun - and the land", "*raḥăbat* *yādayim*": "construct + dual noun - wide of hands/spacious", "*wᵊšōqeṭet*": "conjunction + qal participle feminine singular - and quiet", "*ûšᵊlēwāh*": "conjunction + adjective feminine singular - and peaceful", "*kî*": "conjunction - for", "*min*-*ḥām*": "preposition + proper name - from Ham", "*hayyōšᵊbîm*": "definite article + qal participle masculine plural - the ones dwelling", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*lᵊpānîm*": "preposition + noun - formerly" }, "variants": { "*šāmēn*": "fat/rich/fertile", "*raḥăbat* *yādayim*": "wide/spacious/broad", "*wᵊšōqeṭet*": "quiet/peaceful/undisturbed", "*ûšᵊlēwāh*": "and peaceful/and at ease", "*min*-*ḥām*": "from Ham (descendants of Ham)" } }
• 1 Chr 11:15 : 15 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.11.15", "source": "וַיֵּרְד֡וּ שְֽׁלוֹשָׁה֩ מִן־הַשְּׁלוֹשִׁ֨ים רֹ֤אשׁ עַל־הַצֻּר֙ אֶל־דָּוִ֔יד אֶל־מְעָרַ֖ת עֲדֻלָּ֑ם וּמַחֲנֵ֣ה פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים חֹנָ֖ה בְּעֵ֥מֶק רְפָאִֽים", "text": "And-*wayyērᵊḏû* *šᵊlôšāh* from-*haššᵊlôšîm* *rō'š* to-*haṣṣur* unto-*Dāwîd*, unto-*mᵊʿāraṯ* *ʿĂḏullām*; and-*maḥănēh* *pᵊlištîm* *ḥōnāh* in-*ʿēmeq* *Rᵊp̄ā'îm*", "grammar": { "*wayyērᵊḏû*": "Qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they went down", "*šᵊlôšāh*": "number, masculine - three", "*haššᵊlôšîm*": "article + number, masculine - the thirty", "*rō'š*": "noun masculine singular - head/chief", "*haṣṣur*": "article + noun masculine singular - the rock", "*mᵊʿāraṯ*": "noun feminine singular construct - cave of", "*ʿĂḏullām*": "proper noun - Adullam", "*maḥănēh*": "noun masculine singular construct - camp of", "*pᵊlištîm*": "gentilic adjective, masculine plural - Philistines", "*ḥōnāh*": "Qal participle feminine singular - camping/encamped", "*ʿēmeq*": "noun masculine singular construct - valley of", "*Rᵊp̄ā'îm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Rephaim" }, "variants": { "*wayyērᵊḏû*": "and they went down/descended/came down", "*haššᵊlôšîm*": "the thirty/thirty heroes/thirty officers", "*rō'š*": "head/chief/leader", "*haṣṣur*": "the rock/cliff/stronghold", "*mᵊʿāraṯ*": "cave of/cavern of", "*maḥănēh*": "camp of/army of/host of", "*ḥōnāh*": "camping/encamped/settled", "*ʿēmeq*": "valley of/plain of/lowland of" } }
• 1 Chr 14:9 : 9 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.14.9", "source": "וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֖ים בָּ֑אוּ וַֽיִּפְשְׁט֖וּ בְּעֵ֥מֶק רְפָאִֽים׃", "text": "And *Pəlištîm* *bāʾû* and *wayyipšəṭû* in-*ʿēmeq* *Rəpāʾîm*.", "grammar": { "*Pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*bāʾû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they came", "*wayyipšəṭû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they spread out/raided", "*ʿēmeq*": "masculine singular construct - valley of", "*Rəpāʾîm*": "proper noun - Rephaim" }, "variants": { "*wayyipšəṭû*": "spread out/raided/made a raid" } }
• Ps 78:51 : 51 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.51", "source": "וַיַּ֣ךְ כָּל־בְּכ֣וֹר בְּמִצְרָ֑יִם רֵאשִׁ֥ית א֝וֹנִ֗ים בְּאָהֳלֵי־חָֽם׃", "text": "*wə-yak* all-*bəkōr* in-*miṣrayim* *rēʾšît* *ʾônîm* in-*ʾohŏlê*-*ḥām*", "grammar": { "*wə-yak*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he smote/struck", "*bəkōr*": "masculine singular noun - firstborn", "*miṣrayim*": "proper name - Egypt", "*rēʾšît*": "feminine singular construct - beginning/first of", "*ʾônîm*": "masculine plural noun - strength/vigor/manly vigor", "*ʾohŏlê*": "masculine plural construct - tents of", "*ḥām*": "proper name - Ham" }, "variants": { "*wə-yak*": "smote/struck/hit", "*bəkōr*": "firstborn", "*rēʾšît*": "beginning/first/firstfruits", "*ʾônîm*": "strength/vigor/manly vigor/reproductive power", "*ʾohŏlê*": "tents/dwelling places", "*ḥām*": "Ham (progenitor of Egypt)" } }
• Ps 105:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.23", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֣א יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל מִצְרָ֑יִם וְ֝יַעֲקֹ֗ב גָּ֣ר בְּאֶֽרֶץ־חָֽם׃", "text": "*wa-yyābōʾ* *Yiśrāʾēl* *Miṣrāyim* *wə-Yaʿăqōb* *gār* in-*ʾereṣ*-*Ḥām*", "grammar": { "*wa-yyābōʾ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect (consecutive), 3ms - and he came", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - Israel", "*Miṣrāyim*": "proper name - Egypt", "*wə-Yaʿăqōb*": "conjunction + proper name - and Jacob", "*gār*": "qal perfect, 3ms - he sojourned", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*Ḥām*": "proper name - Ham" }, "variants": { "*wa-yyābōʾ*": "and he came/entered/arrived", "*gār*": "sojourned/dwelt as an alien/lived as a foreigner", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/territory/country", "*Ḥām*": "Ham (poetic reference to Egypt)" } }
• Ps 105:27 : 27 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.27", "source": "שָֽׂמוּ־בָ֭ם דִּבְרֵ֣י אֹתוֹתָ֑יו וּ֝מֹפְתִ֗ים בְּאֶ֣רֶץ חָֽם׃", "text": "*śāmū*-in-them *dibrēy* *ʾōtōtāyw* *ū-mōpətīm* in-*ʾereṣ* *Ḥām*", "grammar": { "*śāmū*": "qal perfect, 3mp - they placed", "*dibrēy*": "noun, masculine plural construct - words of", "*ʾōtōtāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3ms suffix - his signs", "*ū-mōpətīm*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural - and wonders", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*Ḥām*": "proper name - Ham" }, "variants": { "*śāmū*": "placed/put/performed", "*dibrēy*": "words/matters/acts", "*ʾōtōtāyw*": "his signs/tokens/miraculous indicators", "*mōpətīm*": "wonders/portents/miracles", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/territory/country", "*Ḥām*": "Ham (poetic reference to Egypt)" } }
• Ps 106:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.22", "source": "נִ֭פְלָאוֹת בְּאֶ֣רֶץ חָ֑ם נ֝וֹרָא֗וֹת עַל־יַם־סֽוּף׃", "text": "*niflā'ōt* in-*'ereṣ* *Ḥām* *nōrā'ōt* at-*yam-sūf*", "grammar": { "*niflā'ōt*": "niphal participle, feminine, plural - wonders", "*'ereṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - land of", "*Ḥām*": "proper noun - Ham", "*nōrā'ōt*": "niphal participle, feminine, plural - fearful/awesome things", "*yam-sūf*": "proper noun - Red Sea/Sea of Reeds" }, "variants": { "*niflā'ōt*": "wonders/marvelous works/miracles", "*'ereṣ*": "land/country/territory", "*nōrā'ōt*": "fearful things/awesome deeds/terrifying acts", "*yam-sūf*": "Red Sea/Sea of Reeds" } }
• Isa 17:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Isaiah.17.5", "source": "וְהָיָ֗ה כֶּֽאֱסֹף֙ קָצִ֣יר קָמָ֔ה וּזְרֹע֖וֹ שִׁבֳּלִ֣ים יִקְצ֑וֹר וְהָיָ֛ה כִּמְלַקֵּ֥ט שִׁבֳּלִ֖ים בְּעֵ֥מֶק רְפָאִֽים׃", "text": "*wə-hāyāh* like-*keʾĕsōp̄* *qāṣîr* *qāmāh* *û-zərōʿô* *šibbŏlîm* *yiqṣôr* *wə-hāyāh* like-*kiməlaqqēṭ* *šibbŏlîm* in-*ʿēmeq* *rəp̄āʾîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-hāyāh*": "conjunction + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it will be", "like-*keʾĕsōp̄*": "preposition כְּ + preposition כְּ + Qal infinitive construct - like gathering", "*qāṣîr*": "noun, masculine singular - harvest/harvester", "*qāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - standing grain", "*û-zərōʿô*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his arm", "*šibbŏlîm*": "noun, feminine plural - ears (of grain)", "*yiqṣôr*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he reaps/harvests", "*wə-hāyāh*": "conjunction + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it will be", "like-*kiməlaqqēṭ*": "preposition כְּ + Piel participle, masculine singular - like one gathering", "*šibbŏlîm*": "noun, feminine plural - ears (of grain)", "in-*ʿēmeq*": "preposition בְּ + noun, masculine singular construct - in valley of", "*rəp̄āʾîm*": "proper noun - Rephaim" }, "variants": { "*qāṣîr*": "harvest/harvester/reaping", "*qāmāh*": "standing grain/stalks", "*zərōʿô*": "his arm/his strength/his power", "*šibbŏlîm*": "ears of grain/sheaves", "*rəp̄āʾîm*": "Rephaim (place name)/giants/shades" } }
• Jer 48:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.48.1", "source": "לְמוֹאָ֡ב כֹּֽה־אָמַר֩ יְהוָ֨ה צְבָא֜וֹת אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל ה֤וֹי אֶל־נְבוֹ֙ כִּ֣י שֻׁדָּ֔דָה הֹבִ֥ישָׁה נִלְכְּדָ֖ה קִרְיָתָ֑יִם הֹבִ֥ישָׁה הַמִּשְׂגָּ֖ב וָחָֽתָּה׃", "text": "To *Môʾāḇ* thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ṣᵉḇāʾôṯ* *ʾĕlōhê* *Yiśrāʾēl*, *hôy* to *Nᵉḇô* because *šuddāḏāh* [she is devastated], *hōḇîšāh* [she is put to shame], *nilkᵉḏāh* *Qiryāṯāyim*; *hōḇîšāh* *hammisĝāḇ* and *wāḥāttāh* [it is dismayed].", "grammar": { "*lᵉ-Môʾāḇ*": "preposition + proper noun, masculine singular - 'to/concerning Moab'", "*kōh*": "adverb - 'thus, so'", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - 'said/speaks'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - 'LORD'", "*ṣᵉḇāʾôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural construct - 'of hosts/armies'", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - 'God of'", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - 'Israel'", "*hôy*": "interjection - 'woe'", "*ʾel-Nᵉḇô*": "preposition + proper noun - 'to/against Nebo'", "*kî*": "conjunction - 'because, for'", "*šuddāḏāh*": "Pual perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she is devastated/destroyed'", "*hōḇîšāh*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she is put to shame/disgraced'", "*nilkᵉḏāh*": "Niphal perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she is captured/seized'", "*Qiryāṯāyim*": "proper noun - 'Kiriathaim'", "*hōḇîšāh*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she is put to shame/disgraced'", "*hammisĝāḇ*": "article + noun, masculine singular - 'the stronghold/high refuge'", "*wāḥāttāh*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'and she is dismayed/shattered'" }, "variants": { "*Môʾāḇ*": "Moab (nation east of Dead Sea)", "*YHWH ṣᵉḇāʾôṯ*": "LORD of hosts/armies/celestial forces", "*hôy*": "woe/alas (cry of lament)", "*šuddāḏāh*": "devastated/destroyed/plundered", "*hōḇîšāh*": "put to shame/disgraced/humiliated", "*misĝāḇ*": "stronghold/high refuge/fortress", "*ḥāttāh*": "dismayed/shattered/broken" } }
• Jer 48:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.48.23", "source": "וְעַ֧ל קִרְיָתַ֛יִם וְעַל־בֵּ֥ית גָּמ֖וּל וְעַל־בֵּ֥ית מְעֽוֹן׃", "text": "And against *qiryātayim* and against *bêt gāmûl* and against *bêt meʿôn*", "grammar": { "*qiryātayim*": "proper noun - Kiriathaim (city)", "*bêt gāmûl*": "compound proper noun - Beth-gamul (city)", "*bêt meʿôn*": "compound proper noun - Beth-meon (city)" }, "variants": {} }