Verse 21

{ "verseID": "Leviticus.18.21", "source": "וּמִֽזַּרְעֲךָ֥ לֹא־תִתֵּ֖ן לְהַעֲבִ֣יר לַמֹּ֑לֶךְ וְלֹ֧א תְחַלֵּ֛ל אֶת־שֵׁ֥ם אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And *ûmizzarʿăkā* *lōʾ*-*tittēn* *ləhaʿăbîr* to *lammōlek* and *wəlōʾ* *təḥallēl* *ʾet*-*šēm* *ʾĕlōhêkā* *ʾănî* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*ûmizzarʿăkā*": "waw conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - and from your seed/offspring", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tittēn*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall give", "*ləhaʿăbîr*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct - to cause to pass over", "*lammōlek*": "preposition + proper noun - to Molech", "*wəlōʾ*": "waw conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*təḥallēl*": "Piel imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall profane", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*šēm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - name of", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name" }, "variants": { "*mizzarʿăkā*": "from your seed/from your offspring/from your children", "*ləhaʿăbîr*": "to cause to pass through/to offer/to sacrifice", "*təḥallēl*": "you shall profane/you shall defile/you shall violate" } }

Other Translations

Referenced Verses

  • Lev 19:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Leviticus.19.12", "source": "וְלֹֽא־תִשָּׁבְע֥וּ בִשְׁמִ֖י לַשָּׁ֑קֶר וְחִלַּלְתָּ֛ אֶת־שֵׁ֥ם אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה", "text": "*wə-lōʾ*-*ṯiššāḇəʿû* *ḇišmî* *laššāqer* *wə-ḥillaltā* *ʾeṯ*-*šēm* *ʾĕlōhêḵā* *ʾănî* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ṯiššāḇəʿû*": "Niphal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall swear", "*ḇišmî*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - by my name", "*laššāqer*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - to the falsehood/falsely", "*wə-ḥillaltā*": "conjunction + Piel perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you have profaned", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*šēm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - name of", "*ʾĕlōhêḵā*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD" }, "variants": { "*ṯiššāḇəʿû*": "swear/take an oath", "*laššāqer*": "falsely/deceitfully/dishonestly", "*ḥillaltā*": "profane/defile/desecrate/treat as common" } }
  • Lev 20:2-5 : 2 { "verseID": "Leviticus.20.2", "source": "וְאֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵל֘ תֹּאמַר֒ אִ֣ישׁ אִישׁ֩ מִבְּנֵ֨י יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל וּמִן־הַגֵּ֣ר ׀ הַגָּ֣ר בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אֲשֶׁ֨ר יִתֵּ֧ן מִזַּרְע֛וֹ לַמֹּ֖לֶךְ מ֣וֹת יוּמָ֑ת עַ֥ם הָאָ֖רֶץ יִרְגְּמֻ֥הוּ בָאָֽבֶן׃", "text": "*wᵊ-ʾel*-*bᵊnê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *tōʾmar* *ʾîš* *ʾîš* from-*bᵊnê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *û-min*-*ha-gēr* *ha-gār* in-*Yiśrāʾēl* *ʾăšer* *yittēn* from-*zarʿô* to-*ha-mōlek* *môt* *yûmāt* *ʿam* *hā-ʾāreṣ* *yirgᵊmuhû* with-*hā-ʾāben*", "grammar": { "*wᵊ-ʾel*": "conjunction + preposition - and to", "*bᵊnê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - sons of/children of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*tōʾmar*": "imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall say", "*ʾîš* *ʾîš*": "noun repeated for emphasis - any man/each man", "*û-min*": "conjunction + preposition - and from", "*ha-gēr*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the stranger/foreigner", "*ha-gār*": "definite article + participle, masculine singular - the one sojourning", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that", "*yittēn*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - gives", "*zarʿô*": "noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his seed/offspring", "*la-mōlek*": "preposition + proper noun - to Molech", "*môt* *yûmāt*": "infinitive absolute + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - surely be put to death", "*ʿam*": "noun, masculine singular construct - people of", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land", "*yirgᵊmuhû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - they shall stone him", "*bā-ʾāben*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - with the stone/stones" }, "variants": { "*ʾîš* *ʾîš*": "any man/every man/whoever", "*ha-gēr*": "foreigner/stranger/sojourner", "*zarʿô*": "his seed/his offspring/his children/his descendants", "*ha-mōlek*": "Molech (deity name)", "*môt* *yûmāt*": "must surely be put to death/shall certainly be put to death", "*ʿam* *hā-ʾāreṣ*": "people of the land/common people/community" } } 3 { "verseID": "Leviticus.20.3", "source": "וַאֲנִ֞י אֶתֵּ֤ן אֶת־פָּנַי֙ בָּאִ֣ישׁ הַה֔וּא וְהִכְרַתִּ֥י אֹת֖וֹ מִקֶּ֣רֶב עַמּ֑וֹ כִּ֤י מִזַּרְעוֹ֙ נָתַ֣ן לַמֹּ֔לֶךְ לְמַ֗עַן טַמֵּא֙ אֶת־מִקְדָּשִׁ֔י וּלְחַלֵּ֖ל אֶת־שֵׁ֥ם קָדְשִֽׁי׃", "text": "*wa-ʾănî* *ʾettēn* *ʾet*-*pānay* in-*hā-ʾîš* *ha-hûʾ* *wᵊ-hikrattî* *ʾōtô* from-*qereb* *ʿammô* *kî* from-*zarʿô* *nātan* to-*ha-mōlek* to-*maʿan* *ṭammēʾ* *ʾet*-*miqdāšî* *û-lᵊḥallēl* *ʾet*-*šēm* *qodšî*", "grammar": { "*wa-ʾănî*": "conjunction + 1st singular personal pronoun - and I", "*ʾettēn*": "imperfect, 1st singular - I will set/place", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*pānay*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st singular suffix - my face", "*bā-ʾîš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - against the man", "*ha-hûʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - that", "*wᵊ-hikrattî*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st singular - and I will cut off", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*mi-qereb*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from midst of", "*ʿammô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his people", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*mi-zarʿô*": "preposition + noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - from his seed", "*nātan*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he gave", "*la-mōlek*": "preposition + proper noun - to Molech", "*lᵊ-maʿan*": "preposition + conjunction - in order to", "*ṭammēʾ*": "infinitive construct, Piel - defile", "*miqdāšî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my sanctuary", "*û-lᵊḥallēl*": "conjunction + preposition + infinitive construct, Piel - and to profane", "*šēm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - name of", "*qodšî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my holiness" }, "variants": { "*ʾettēn* *ʾet*-*pānay*": "set my face against/turn my face against/direct my attention against", "*hikrattî*": "cut off/destroy/eliminate", "*mi-qereb*": "from among/from the midst of", "*ṭammēʾ*": "defile/make unclean/pollute", "*lᵊḥallēl*": "profane/desecrate/defile", "*šēm* *qodšî*": "my holy name" } } 4 { "verseID": "Leviticus.20.4", "source": "וְאִ֡ם הַעְלֵ֣ם יַעְלִימֽוּ֩ עַ֨ם הָאָ֜רֶץ אֶת־עֵֽינֵיהֶם֙ מִן־הָאִ֣ישׁ הַה֔וּא בְּתִתּ֥וֹ מִזַּרְע֖וֹ לַמֹּ֑לֶךְ לְבִלְתִּ֖י הָמִ֥ית אֹתֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wᵊ-ʾim* *haʿlēm* *yaʿlîmû* *ʿam* *hā-ʾāreṣ* *ʾet*-*ʿênêhem* from-*hā-ʾîš* *ha-hûʾ* in-*tittô* from-*zarʿô* to-*ha-mōlek* to-*biltî* *hāmît* *ʾōtô*", "grammar": { "*wᵊ-ʾim*": "conjunction + conditional particle - and if", "*haʿlēm* *yaʿlîmû*": "infinitive absolute + imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - certainly hide/surely hide", "*ʿam*": "noun, masculine singular construct - people of", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land", "*ʾet*-*ʿênêhem*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their eyes", "*min*-*hā-ʾîš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - from the man", "*ha-hûʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - that", "*bᵊ-tittô*": "preposition + infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - when he gives", "*mi-zarʿô*": "preposition + noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - from his seed", "*la-mōlek*": "preposition + proper noun - to Molech", "*lᵊ-biltî*": "preposition + negative particle - so as not to", "*hāmît*": "infinitive construct, Hiphil - kill/put to death", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - him" }, "variants": { "*haʿlēm* *yaʿlîmû*": "deliberately ignore/willfully disregard/surely hide", "*ʿam* *hā-ʾāreṣ*": "people of the land/common people/community", "*ʿênêhem*": "their eyes/their attention", "*tittô*": "when he gives/when he offers", "*lᵊ-biltî*": "so as not to/without/failing to" } } 5 { "verseID": "Leviticus.20.5", "source": "וְשַׂמְתִּ֨י אֲנִ֧י אֶת־פָּנַ֛י בָּאִ֥ישׁ הַה֖וּא וּבְמִשְׁפַּחְתּ֑וֹ וְהִכְרַתִּ֨י אֹת֜וֹ וְאֵ֣ת ׀ כָּל־הַזֹּנִ֣ים אַחֲרָ֗יו לִזְנ֛וֹת אַחֲרֵ֥י הַמֹּ֖לֶךְ מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמָּֽם׃", "text": "*wᵊ-śamtî* *ʾănî* *ʾet*-*pānay* in-*hā-ʾîš* *ha-hûʾ* and-in-*mišpaḥtô* *wᵊ-hikrattî* *ʾōtô* and-*ʾēt* all-*ha-zōnîm* after-him to-*liznôt* after *ha-mōlek* from-midst *ʿammām*", "grammar": { "*wᵊ-śamtî*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st singular - and I will set", "*ʾănî*": "1st singular personal pronoun - I", "*ʾet*-*pānay*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine plural with 1st singular suffix - my face", "*bā-ʾîš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - against the man", "*ha-hûʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - that", "*û-bᵊ-mišpaḥtô*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and against his family", "*wᵊ-hikrattî*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st singular - and I will cut off", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*wᵊ-ʾēt*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*kol*-*ha-zōnîm*": "construct + definite article + participle, masculine plural - all those committing harlotry", "*ʾaḥărâw*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - after him", "*li-znôt*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to commit harlotry", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after", "*ha-mōlek*": "definite article + proper noun - Molech", "*mi-qereb*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from midst of", "*ʿammām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their people" }, "variants": { "*śamtî* *ʾet*-*pānay*": "set my face against/direct my attention against", "*mišpaḥtô*": "his family/his clan/his relatives", "*hikrattî*": "cut off/destroy/eliminate", "*ha-zōnîm*": "those who prostitute themselves/those who are unfaithful/those who commit harlotry", "*li-znôt*": "to commit harlotry/to be unfaithful/to prostitute themselves", "*ʿammām*": "their people/their community" } }
  • Lev 21:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Leviticus.21.6", "source": "קְדֹשִׁ֤ים יִהְיוּ֙ לֵאלֹ֣הֵיהֶ֔ם וְלֹ֣א יְחַלְּל֔וּ שֵׁ֖ם אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֑ם כִּי֩ אֶת־אִשֵּׁ֨י יְהוָ֜ה לֶ֧חֶם אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֛ם הֵ֥ם מַקְרִיבִ֖ם וְהָ֥יוּ קֹֽדֶשׁ׃", "text": "*Qədōšîm* *yihyû* to-*ʾĕlōhêhem* and-not *yəḥallələû* *šēm* *ʾĕlōhêhem* *kî* *ʾet*-*ʾiššê* *YHWH* *leḥem* *ʾĕlōhêhem* they *maqrîbîm* and-*hāyû* *qōdeš*.", "grammar": { "*Qədōšîm*": "masculine plural adjective - holy/set apart", "*yihyû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they shall be", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their God", "*yəḥallələû*": "piel imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they shall profane", "*šēm*": "masculine singular noun - name", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾiššê*": "masculine plural construct - fire offerings of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*leḥem*": "masculine singular noun - bread/food", "*maqrîbîm*": "hiphil participle masculine plural - offering/bringing near", "*hāyû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they were/shall be", "*qōdeš*": "masculine singular noun - holiness/holy" }, "variants": { "*ʾiššê*": "fire offerings/offerings made by fire", "*leḥem*": "bread/food/sustenance", "*qōdeš*": "holy/sacred/set apart" } }
  • Lev 22:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Leviticus.22.2", "source": "דַּבֵּ֨ר אֶֽל־אַהֲרֹ֜ן וְאֶל־בָּנָ֗יו וְיִנָּֽזְרוּ֙ מִקָּדְשֵׁ֣י בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְלֹ֥א יְחַלְּל֖וּ אֶת־שֵׁ֣ם קָדְשִׁ֑י אֲשֶׁ֨ר הֵ֧ם מַקְדִּשִׁ֛ים לִ֖י אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*dabbēr* *ʾel*-*ʾahărōn* *wə-ʾel*-*bānāyw* *wə-yinnāzərû* *miqqādəšê* *bənê*-*yiśrāʾēl* *wə-lōʾ* *yəḥallələû* *ʾet*-*šēm* *qādəšî* *ʾăšer* *hēm* *maqdišîm* *lî* *ʾănî* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*dabbēr*": "Piel imperative, masculine singular - speak", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to, toward", "*ʾahărōn*": "proper noun - Aaron", "*wə-ʾel*": "conjunction + preposition - and to", "*bānāyw*": "noun masculine plural construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sons", "*wə-yinnāzərû*": "conjunction + Niphal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they shall separate themselves", "*miqqādəšê*": "preposition + noun masculine plural construct - from the holy things of", "*bənê*": "noun masculine plural construct - sons of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*yəḥallələû*": "Piel imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they shall profane", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*šēm*": "noun masculine singular construct - name of", "*qādəšî*": "noun masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my holiness", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which", "*hēm*": "3rd person masculine plural pronoun - they", "*maqdišîm*": "Hiphil participle masculine plural - sanctifying/consecrating", "*lî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - to/for me", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD" }, "variants": { "*dabbēr*": "speak, tell, command", "*yinnāzərû*": "separate themselves, keep away, abstain", "*qādəšê*": "holy things, sacred offerings, consecrated items", "*yəḥallələû*": "profane, defile, treat as common", "*šēm*": "name, reputation, character", "*qādəšî*": "my holiness, my holy name, my sanctity", "*maqdišîm*": "sanctify, consecrate, set apart as holy" } }
  • Lev 22:32 : 32 { "verseID": "Leviticus.22.32", "source": "וְלֹ֤א תְחַלְּלוּ֙ אֶת־שֵׁ֣ם קָדְשִׁ֔י וְנִ֨קְדַּשְׁתִּ֔י בְּת֖וֹךְ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל אֲנִ֥י יְהוָ֖ה מְקַדִּשְׁכֶֽם׃", "text": "*wə-lōʾ* *təḥallələû* *ʾet*-*šēm* *qodšî* *wə-niqdaštî* *bətôk* *bənê* *yiśrāʾēl* *ʾănî* *YHWH* *məqaddiškem*", "grammar": { "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and you shall not", "*təḥallələû*": "Piel imperfect 2nd masculine plural - profane", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*šēm*": "noun masculine singular construct - name of", "*qodšî*": "noun masculine singular construct + 1st person singular suffix - my holiness", "*wə-niqdaštî*": "conjunction + Niphal perfect 1st person singular - and I shall be sanctified", "*bətôk*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - in the midst of", "*bənê*": "noun masculine plural construct - sons of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD", "*məqaddiškem*": "Piel participle masculine singular construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your sanctifier" }, "variants": { "*təḥallələû*": "profane, defile, treat as common", "*šēm* *qodšî*": "name of my holiness, my holy name", "*niqdaštî*": "I shall be sanctified, I will be hallowed, I will be treated as holy", "*bətôk*": "in the midst of, among", "*bənê* *yiśrāʾēl*": "sons of Israel, Israelites, children of Israel", "*məqaddiškem*": "your sanctifier, who sanctifies you, who makes you holy" } }
  • Deut 12:31 : 31 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.12.31", "source": "לֹא־תַעֲשֶׂ֣ה כֵ֔ן לַיהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ כִּי֩ כָּל־תּוֹעֲבַ֨ת יְהוָ֜ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר שָׂנֵ֗א עָשׂוּ֙ לֵאלֹ֣הֵיהֶ֔ם כִּ֣י גַ֤ם אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶם֙ וְאֶת־בְּנֹ֣תֵיהֶ֔ם יִשְׂרְפ֥וּ בָאֵ֖שׁ לֵֽאלֹהֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "Not-*taʿăśeh* *kēn* to-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêḵā*, for all-*tôʿăḇaṯ* *YHWH* which *śānēʾ* *ʿāśû* to-*ʾĕlōhêhem*, for also *ʾeṯ*-*bənêhem* and-*ʾeṯ*-*bənôṯêhem* *yiśrəp̄û* in-*ʾēš* to-*ʾĕlōhêhem*.", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*taʿăśeh*": "imperfect Qal, 2nd masculine singular - you will do/make", "*kēn*": "adverb - thus/so", "*la-YHWH*": "preposition + noun, proper name - to the LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhêḵā*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all/every", "*tôʿăḇaṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - abomination of", "*YHWH*": "noun, proper name - Yahweh/the LORD", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*śānēʾ*": "perfect Qal, 3rd masculine singular - he hates/hated", "*ʿāśû*": "perfect Qal, 3rd common plural - they did/made", "*lē-ʾĕlōhêhem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to/for their gods", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*gam*": "particle - also/even", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*bənêhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their sons", "*wə-ʾeṯ*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*bənôṯêhem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their daughters", "*yiśrəp̄û*": "imperfect Qal, 3rd masculine plural - they burn", "*ḇā-ʾēš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - in the fire", "*lē-ʾĕlōhêhem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to/for their gods" }, "variants": { "*taʿăśeh*": "do/make/perform", "*YHWH*": "the LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhêḵā*": "your God/your gods (plural form with singular meaning)", "*tôʿăḇaṯ*": "abomination/detestable thing/offensive practice", "*śānēʾ*": "hates/abhors/detests", "*ʿāśû*": "did/made/performed", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "their gods/their deities", "*bənêhem*": "their sons/their male children", "*bənôṯêhem*": "their daughters/their female children", "*yiśrəp̄û*": "burn/consume with fire", "*ʾēš*": "fire/flame" } }
  • Deut 18:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.18.10", "source": "לֹֽא־יִמָּצֵ֣א בְךָ֔ מַעֲבִ֥יר בְּנֽוֹ־וּבִתּ֖וֹ בָּאֵ֑שׁ קֹסֵ֣ם קְסָמִ֔ים מְעוֹנֵ֥ן וּמְנַחֵ֖שׁ וּמְכַשֵּֽׁף׃", "text": "Not-*yimmatze* in-you *maavir* *beno*-and-*bitto* in-the-*esh* *qosem* *qesamim* *meonen* and-*menachesh* and-*mechashef*.", "grammar": { "*yimmatze*": "imperfect, 3rd singular, niphal - shall be found", "*maavir*": "participle, masculine, singular, hiphil - one who causes to pass over", "*beno*": "noun, masculine, singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his son", "*bitto*": "noun, feminine, singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his daughter", "*esh*": "noun, feminine, singular - fire", "*qosem*": "participle, masculine, singular, qal - one who practices divination", "*qesamim*": "noun, masculine, plural - divinations", "*meonen*": "participle, masculine, singular, poel - one who practices soothsaying", "*menachesh*": "participle, masculine, singular, piel - one who practices divination", "*mechashef*": "participle, masculine, singular, piel - one who practices sorcery" }, "variants": { "*maavir*": "one who causes to pass over/burns/sacrifices", "*qosem qesamim*": "diviner of divinations/practicer of divination", "*meonen*": "soothsayer/fortuneteller/observer of times", "*menachesh*": "diviner/enchanter/augurer", "*mechashef*": "sorcerer/witch/magician" } }
  • Mal 1:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Malachi.1.12", "source": "וְאַתֶּ֖ם מְחַלְּלִ֣ים אוֹת֑וֹ בֶּאֱמָרְכֶ֗ם שֻׁלְחַ֤ן אֲדֹנָי֙ מְגֹאָ֣ל ה֔וּא וְנִיב֖וֹ נִבְזֶ֥ה אָכְלֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wəʾattem* *məḥalləlîm* *ʾôṯô* *beʾĕmārḵem* *šulḥan* *ʾăḏōnāy* *məḡōʾāl* *hûʾ* *wənîḇô* *niḇzeh* *ʾāḵəlô*", "grammar": { "*wəʾattem*": "conjunction + pronoun, 2nd person masculine plural - but/and you", "*məḥalləlîm*": "participle, Piel masculine plural - profane/defile/pollute", "*ʾôṯô*": "direct object marker + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - it", "*beʾĕmārḵem*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - in your saying", "*šulḥan*": "noun, masculine singular construct - table of", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st person singular suffix - my Lord", "*məḡōʾāl*": "participle, Pual masculine singular - defiled/polluted", "*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - it/he", "*wənîḇô*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and its fruit/food", "*niḇzeh*": "participle, Niphal masculine singular - despised/contemptible", "*ʾāḵəlô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its food" }, "variants": { "*məḥalləlîm*": "profane/defile/pollute", "*šulḥan* *ʾăḏōnāy*": "table of the Lord/Lord's table/altar of the Lord", "*məḡōʾāl*": "defiled/polluted/unclean", "*nîḇô*": "its fruit/its food/its produce", "*niḇzeh*": "despised/contemptible/to be despised", "*ʾāḵəlô*": "its food/its provision/what is eaten" } }
  • Acts 7:43 : 43 { "verseID": "Acts.7.43", "source": "Καὶ, ἀνελάβετε τὴν σκηνὴν τοῦ Μολόχ, καὶ τὸ ἄστρον τοῦ θεοῦ ὑμῶν Ῥεμφάν, τοὺς τύπους οὓς ἐποιήσατε προσκυνεῖν αὐτοῖς: καὶ μετοικιῶ ὑμᾶς ἐπέκεινα Βαβυλῶνος.", "text": "And, you-*anelabete* the *skēnēn* of-the *Moloch*, and the *astron* of-the *theou* of-you *Rhemphan*, the *typous* which you-*epoiēsate* to-*proskynein* to-them: and I-will-*metoikiō* you *epekeina* of-*Babylōnos*.", "grammar": { "*anelabete*": "aorist active indicative, 2nd plural - took up/carried", "*skēnēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - tent/tabernacle", "*Moloch*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Moloch (name)", "*astron*": "accusative, neuter, singular - star", "*theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - god", "*Rhemphan*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Remphan (name)", "*typous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - images/figures/patterns", "*epoiēsate*": "aorist active indicative, 2nd plural - made/created", "*proskynein*": "present active infinitive - to worship/bow down to", "*metoikiō*": "future active indicative, 1st singular - will remove/deport/relocate", "*epekeina*": "adverb - beyond", "*Babylōnos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - Babylon" }, "variants": { "*anelabete*": "took up/carried/accepted", "*skēnēn*": "tent/tabernacle/shrine", "*astron*": "star/constellation/heavenly body", "*typous*": "figures/images/patterns/forms", "*proskynein*": "to worship/bow down to/pay homage", "*metoikiō*": "will relocate/deport/exile", "*epekeina*": "beyond/further than" } }
  • 1 Kgs 11:7 : 7 { "verseID": "1 Kings.11.7", "source": "אָז֩ יִבְנֶ֨ה שְׁלֹמֹ֜ה בָּמָ֗ה לִכְמוֹשׁ֙ שִׁקֻּ֣ץ מוֹאָ֔ב בָּהָ֕ר אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־פְּנֵ֣י יְרוּשָׁלָ֑͏ִם וּלְמֹ֕לֶךְ שִׁקֻּ֖ץ בְּנֵ֥י עַמּֽוֹן׃", "text": "Then *yiḇneh* *Shelomoh* *bāmāh* for-*Khemōsh* *shiqqūts* *Mōʾāḇ* in-the-*hār* which on-*penēy* *Yerūshālāyim*; and-for-*Mōlekh* *shiqqūts* *benēy* *ʿAmmōn*.", "grammar": { "*yiḇneh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he built", "*Shelomoh*": "proper noun, masculine - Solomon", "*bāmāh*": "noun, feminine, singular, absolute - high place/shrine", "*Khemōsh*": "proper noun, masculine - Chemosh", "*shiqqūts*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - detestable thing/abomination of", "*Mōʾāḇ*": "proper noun - Moab", "*hār*": "noun, masculine, singular - mountain/hill", "*penēy*": "noun, masculine, plural, construct - face of", "*Yerūshālāyim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*Mōlekh*": "proper noun, masculine - Molech", "*benēy*": "noun, masculine, plural, construct - sons/children of", "*ʿAmmōn*": "proper noun - Ammon" }, "variants": { "*bāmāh*": "high place/shrine/altar platform", "*shiqqūts*": "detestable thing/abomination/idol", "*hār*": "mountain/hill", "*penēy*": "face/before/east of" } }
  • 1 Kgs 11:33 : 33 { "verseID": "1 Kings.11.33", "source": "יַעַן אֲשֶׁר עֲזָבוּנִי וַיִּשְׁתַּחֲווּ לְעַשְׁתֹּרֶת אֱלֹהֵי צִדֹנִין לִכְמוֹשׁ אֱלֹהֵי מוֹאָב וּלְמִלְכֹּם אֱלֹהֵי בְנֵי־עַמּוֹן וְלֹא־הָלְכוּ בִדְרָכַי לַעֲשׂוֹת הַיָּשָׁר בְּעֵינַי וְחֻקֹּתַי וּמִשְׁפָּטַי כְּדָוִד אָבִיו", "text": "Because *ʾăšer* they *ʿāzab* me and they *šākhâ* to *ʿAštōret* *ʾĕlōhê* of *Ṣīdōnîn* to *Kəmôš* *ʾĕlōhê* of *Môʾāb* and to *Milkōm* *ʾĕlōhê* of *bənê*-*ʿAmmôn* and not-they *hālak* in my *derek* to *ʿāśâ* the *yāšār* in my *ʿayin* and my *khuqqâ* and my *mišpāṭ* like *Dāwid* his father", "grammar": { "*yaʿan*": "conjunction - because/on account of", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - that/which", "*ʿăzābûnî*": "perfect, 3rd plural + 1st singular suffix - they have forsaken me", "*wa-yištakhăwû*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd plural - and they bowed down/worshipped", "*lə-ʿAštōret*": "preposition + proper noun - to Ashtoreth", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - god of", "*Ṣīdōnîn*": "proper noun - Sidonians", "*li-Kəmôš*": "preposition + proper noun - to Chemosh", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - god of", "*Môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab", "*û-lə-Milkōm*": "conjunction + preposition + proper noun - and to Milcom", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - god of", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*ʿAmmôn*": "proper noun - Ammon", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*hālkû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they walked", "*bi-dərākay*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural construct + 1st singular suffix - in my ways", "*la-ʿăśôt*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to do", "*ha-yāšār*": "article + adjective, masculine singular - the right/upright", "*bə-ʿênay*": "preposition + noun, feminine dual construct + 1st singular suffix - in my eyes", "*wə-khuqqōtay*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural construct + 1st singular suffix - and my statutes", "*û-mišpāṭay*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct + 1st singular suffix - and my judgments", "*kə-Dāwid*": "preposition + proper noun - like David", "*ʾābîw*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his father" }, "variants": { "*ʿāzab*": "forsake/abandon/leave", "*šākhâ*": "bow down/worship/prostrate", "*ʿAštōret*": "Ashtoreth (fertility goddess)", "*Kəmôš*": "Chemosh (Moabite deity)", "*Milkōm*": "Milcom/Molech (Ammonite deity)", "*hālak*": "walk/go/follow", "*derek*": "way/path/manner/journey", "*ʿāśâ*": "do/make/accomplish", "*yāšār*": "right/straight/upright/proper", "*ʿayin*": "eye/sight/perception", "*khuqqâ*": "statute/ordinance/decree", "*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/justice/ordinance/decision" } }
  • 2 Kgs 16:3 : 3 { "verseID": "2 Kings.16.3", "source": "וַיֵּ֕לֶךְ בְּדֶ֖רֶךְ מַלְכֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְגַ֤ם אֶת־בְּנוֹ֙ הֶעֱבִ֣יר בָּאֵ֔שׁ כְּתֹֽעֲבוֹת֙ הַגּוֹיִ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֨ר הוֹרִ֤ישׁ יְהוָה֙ אֹתָ֔ם מִפְּנֵ֖י בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל", "text": "*wayyēleḵ* in *dereḵ* *malḵê* *yiśrāʾēl* *wə-ḡam* *ʾeṯ*-*bənô* *heʿĕḇîr* in *hāʾēš* according to *tōʿăḇôṯ* *haggôyim* which *hôrîš* *YHWH* *ʾōṯām* from *pənê* *bənê* *yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wayyēleḵ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he walked", "*dereḵ*": "feminine singular construct - way of/path of", "*malḵê*": "masculine plural construct - kings of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - Israel", "*wə-ḡam*": "conjunction + particle - and also", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*bənô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his son", "*heʿĕḇîr*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he caused to pass/transfer", "*hāʾēš*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the fire", "*tōʿăḇôṯ*": "feminine plural construct - abominations of", "*haggôyim*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the nations", "*hôrîš*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he dispossessed", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾōṯām*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine plural suffix - them", "*pənê*": "masculine plural construct - faces of/before", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of/children of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - Israel" }, "variants": { "*heʿĕḇîr* in *hāʾēš*": "caused to pass through fire/burned/sacrificed", "*hôrîš*": "dispossessed/drove out/expelled" } }
  • 2 Kgs 21:6 : 6 { "verseID": "2Kings.21.6", "source": "וְהֶעֱבִ֤יר אֶת־בְּנוֹ֙ בָּאֵ֔שׁ וְעוֹנֵ֣ן וְנִחֵ֔שׁ וְעָ֥שָׂה א֖וֹב וְיִדְּעֹנִ֑ים הִרְבָּ֗ה לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת הָרַ֛ע בְּעֵינֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה לְהַכְעִֽיס׃", "text": "*we-he'ĕbîr* *'et*-*bĕnô* in-the-*'ēsh* *we-'ônēn* *we-niḥēsh* *we-'āsāh* *'ôb* *we-yiddĕ'ōnîm* *hirbāh* to-*'ăsôt* the-*ra'* in-*'êynêy* *YHWH* to-*hak'îs*", "grammar": { "*we-he'ĕbîr*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - and he caused to pass through", "*'et*": "direct object marker", "*bĕnô*": "noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his son", "*'ēsh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the fire", "*we-'ônēn*": "conjunction + Poel perfect 3rd masculine singular - and he practiced soothsaying", "*we-niḥēsh*": "conjunction + Piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - and he practiced divination", "*we-'āsāh*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and he made/used", "*'ôb*": "masculine singular noun - medium/ghost/necromancer", "*we-yiddĕ'ōnîm*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun - and familiar spirits/wizards", "*hirbāh*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - he multiplied/did much", "*'ăsôt*": "Qal infinitive construct - to do", "*ra'*": "noun with definite article - the evil", "*'êynêy*": "construct state - eyes of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*hak'îs*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to provoke" }, "variants": { "*he'ĕbîr*": "caused to pass through/offered/sacrificed", "*'ônēn*": "practiced soothsaying/used cloud divination/practiced fortune-telling", "*niḥēsh*": "practiced divination/used enchantments/observed omens", "*'ôb*": "medium/ghost/spirit of the dead", "*yiddĕ'ōnîm*": "familiar spirits/wizards/those with special knowledge", "*hirbāh*": "multiplied/did much/increased", "*hak'îs*": "to provoke/to anger/to offend" } }
  • 2 Kgs 23:10 : 10 { "verseID": "2 Kings.23.10", "source": "וְטִמֵּ֣א אֶת־הַתֹּ֔פֶת אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּגֵ֣י *בני־**בֶן־הִנֹּ֑ם לְבִלְתִּ֗י לְהַעֲבִ֨יר אִ֜ישׁ אֶת־בְּנ֧וֹ וְאֶת־בִּתּ֛וֹ בָּאֵ֖שׁ לַמֹּֽלֶךְ׃", "text": "*wə-ṭimmēʾ* *ʾet-ha-tōpet* *ʾăšer* in *gê* *ben-hinnōm* to not *lə-biltî* *ləhaʿăbîr* *ʾîš* *ʾet-bənô* and *ʾet-bittô* in *bā-ʾēš* to *la-mōleḵ*.", "grammar": { "*wə-ṭimmēʾ*": "conjunction + piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - and he defiled", "*ʾet-ha-tōpet*": "direct object marker + definite article + proper noun - the Topheth", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*gê*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - in valley of", "*ben-hinnōm*": "noun masculine singular construct + proper noun - son of Hinnom", "*lə-biltî*": "preposition + conjunction - to not/so that not", "*ləhaʿăbîr*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to cause to pass through", "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - man/anyone", "*ʾet-bənô*": "direct object marker + noun masculine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his son", "*ʾet-bittô*": "conjunction + direct object marker + noun feminine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his daughter", "*bā-ʾēš*": "preposition + definite article + noun common singular - in the fire", "*la-mōleḵ*": "preposition + proper noun - to Molech" }, "variants": { "*wə-ṭimmēʾ*": "and he defiled/desecrated/made unclean", "*ʾet-ha-tōpet*": "the Topheth [place name]", "*ʾăšer*": "which/that", "*gê*": "valley/ravine of", "*ben-hinnōm*": "son of Hinnom [place name]", "*lə-biltî*": "so that not/in order not to", "*ləhaʿăbîr*": "to cause to pass through/offer/sacrifice", "*ʾîš*": "man/any man/anyone", "*ʾet-bənô*": "his son", "*ʾet-bittô*": "and his daughter", "*bā-ʾēš*": "in the fire", "*la-mōleḵ*": "to Molech [deity name]" } }
  • Ps 106:37-38 : 37 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.37", "source": "וַיִּזְבְּח֣וּ אֶת־בְּ֭נֵיהֶם וְאֶת־בְּנֽוֹתֵיהֶ֗ם לַשֵּֽׁדִים׃", "text": "*wayyizbəḥū* *'et*-*bənêhem* and-*'et*-*bənōtêhem* to-*šēdîm*", "grammar": { "*wayyizbəḥū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they sacrificed", "*bənêhem*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, plural - their sons", "*bənōtêhem*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, feminine, plural - their daughters", "*šēdîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - demons" }, "variants": { "*wayyizbəḥū*": "and they sacrificed/slaughtered/offered", "*bənêhem*": "their sons/male children", "*bənōtêhem*": "their daughters/female children", "*šēdîm*": "demons/evil spirits/false gods" } } 38 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.38", "source": "וַיִּֽשְׁפְּכ֨וּ דָ֪ם נָקִ֡י דַּם־בְּנֵ֘יהֶ֤ם וּֽבְנוֹתֵיהֶ֗ם אֲשֶׁ֣ר זִ֭בְּחוּ לַעֲצַבֵּ֣י כְנָ֑עַן וַתֶּחֱנַ֥ף הָ֝אָ֗רֶץ בַּדָּמִֽים׃", "text": "*wayyišpəkū* *dām* *nāqî* *dam*-*bənêhem* and-*bənōtêhem* which *zibəḥū* to-*'ăṣabbê* *Kənā'an* *watteḥĕnaf* *hā'āreṣ* with-*dāmîm*", "grammar": { "*wayyišpəkū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they shed", "*dām*": "noun, masculine, singular - blood", "*nāqî*": "adjective, masculine, singular - innocent", "*dam*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - blood of", "*bənêhem*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, plural - their sons", "*bənōtêhem*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, feminine, plural - their daughters", "*zibəḥū*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they sacrificed", "*'ăṣabbê*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - idols of", "*Kənā'an*": "proper noun - Canaan", "*watteḥĕnaf*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular - and it was polluted", "*hā'āreṣ*": "article + noun, feminine, singular - the land", "*dāmîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - blood" }, "variants": { "*wayyišpəkū*": "and they shed/poured out/spilled", "*dām*": "blood/bloodshed", "*nāqî*": "innocent/blameless/free from guilt", "*zibəḥū*": "they sacrificed/slaughtered/offered", "*'ăṣabbê*": "idols of/graven images of", "*watteḥĕnaf*": "and it was polluted/defiled/profaned", "*hā'āreṣ*": "the land/earth/ground", "*dāmîm*": "blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt" } }
  • Jer 7:31 : 31 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.7.31", "source": "וּבָנ֞וּ בָּמ֣וֹת הַתֹּ֗פֶת אֲשֶׁר֙ בְּגֵ֣יא בֶן־הִנֹּ֔ם לִשְׂרֹ֛ף אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶ֥ם וְאֶת־בְּנֹתֵיהֶ֖ם בָּאֵ֑שׁ אֲשֶׁר֙ לֹ֣א צִוִּ֔יתִי וְלֹ֥א עָלְתָ֖ה עַל־לִבִּֽי׃ ס", "text": "*wə-bānû* *bāmôt* *ha-tōpet* *ʾăšer* in-*gêʾ* *ben-hinnōm* *liśrōp* *ʾet*-*bənêhem* *wə-ʾet*-*bənôtêhem* in-*ʾēš* *ʾăšer* not *ṣiwwîtî* *wə-lōʾ* *ʿālətâ* upon-*libbî*", "grammar": { "*wə-bānû*": "conjunction + perfect verb, 3rd person plural - and they built", "*bāmôt*": "feminine plural construct - high places of", "*ha-tōpet*": "definite article + proper noun - the Tophet", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*gêʾ*": "construct noun - valley of", "*ben-hinnōm*": "compound noun - son of Hinnom", "*liśrōp*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to burn", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bənêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sons", "*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*bənôtêhem*": "feminine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their daughters", "*ʾēš*": "feminine singular noun - fire", "*ṣiwwîtî*": "perfect verb, 1st person singular - I commanded", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ʿālətâ*": "perfect verb, 3rd person feminine singular - it came up", "*libbî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my heart" }, "variants": { "*bāmôt*": "high places/altars/shrines", "*tōpet*": "place name/fire-place/place of burning", "*gêʾ*": "valley/ravine", "*liśrōp*": "to burn/to consume by fire", "*ʿālətâ*": "came up/ascended/entered" } }
  • Jer 19:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.19.5", "source": "וּבָנ֞וּ אֶת־בָּמ֣וֹת הַבַּ֗עַל לִשְׂרֹ֧ף אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶ֛ם בָּאֵ֖שׁ עֹל֣וֹת לַבָּ֑עַל אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־צִוִּ֙יתִי֙ וְלֹ֣א דִבַּ֔רְתִּי וְלֹ֥א עָלְתָ֖ה עַל־לִבִּֽי׃ פ", "text": "And-*bānû* *ʾeṯ*-*bāmôṯ* the-*baʿal* to-*śərōp̄* *ʾeṯ*-*bənêhem* in-the-*ʾēš* *ʿōlôṯ* to-the-*bāʿal* *ʾăšer* not-*ṣiwwîṯî* and-not *dibbartî* and-not *ʿālṯāh* upon-*libbî*.", "grammar": { "*bānû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they built", "*bāmôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural construct - high places of", "*baʿal*": "proper noun - Baal", "*śərōp̄*": "qal infinitive construct - to burn", "*bənêhem*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their sons", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular - fire", "*ʿōlôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural - burnt offerings", "*bāʿal*": "proper noun - Baal", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*ṣiwwîṯî*": "piel perfect, 1st common singular - I commanded", "*dibbartî*": "piel perfect, 1st common singular - I spoke", "*ʿālṯāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - it came up", "*libbî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st common singular suffix - my heart" }, "variants": { "*bānû*": "built/constructed/established", "*bāmôṯ*": "high places/shrines/altars", "*baʿal*": "Baal (deity name)", "*śərōp̄*": "to burn/consume by fire", "*bənêhem*": "their sons/children/descendants", "*ʾēš*": "fire/flame", "*ʿōlôṯ*": "burnt offerings/holocausts/sacrifices", "*ṣiwwîṯî*": "I commanded/ordered/instructed", "*dibbartî*": "I spoke/said/declared", "*ʿālṯāh*": "came up/ascended/entered", "*libbî*": "my heart/mind/inner self" } }
  • Ezek 20:31 : 31 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.20.31", "source": "וּבִשְׂאֵ֣ת מַתְּנֹֽתֵיכֶ֡ם בְּֽהַעֲבִיר֩ בְּנֵיכֶ֨ם בָּאֵ֜שׁ אַתֶּם֩ נִטְמְאִ֤֨ים לְכָל־גִּלּֽוּלֵיכֶם֙ עַד־הַיּ֔וֹם וַאֲנִ֛י אִדָּרֵ֥שׁ לָכֶ֖ם בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל חַי־אָ֗נִי נְאֻם֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה אִם־אִדָּרֵ֖שׁ לָכֶֽם׃", "text": "*ûḇiśʾēṯ* *mattənōṯêḵem* *bəhaʿăḇîr* *bənêḵem* *bāʾēš* *ʾattem* *niṭməʾîm* *ləḵol*-*gillûlêḵem* *ʿaḏ*-*hayyôm* *waʾănî* *ʾiddārēš* *lāḵem* *bêṯ* *yiśrāʾēl* *ḥay*-*ʾānî* *nəʾum* *ʾăḏōnāy* *YHWH* *ʾim*-*ʾiddārēš* *lāḵem*", "grammar": { "*ûḇiśʾēṯ*": "conjunction + preposition + infinitive construct - and in lifting up/offering", "*mattənōṯêḵem*": "noun, feminine plural construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your gifts/offerings", "*bəhaʿăḇîr*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - in causing to pass over", "*bənêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your sons", "*bāʾēš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - in the fire", "*ʾattem*": "pronoun, 2nd masculine plural - you", "*niṭməʾîm*": "niphal participle, masculine plural - being defiled/made unclean", "*ləḵol*": "preposition + noun - to all", "*gillûlêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your idols", "*ʿaḏ*": "preposition - until", "*hayyôm*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the day", "*waʾănî*": "conjunction + pronoun, 1st singular - and I", "*ʾiddārēš*": "niphal imperfect, 1st singular - will be inquired of/sought", "*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - for you", "*bêṯ*": "construct state, masculine singular - house of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ḥay*": "adjective, masculine singular - living/alive", "*ʾānî*": "pronoun, 1st singular - I", "*nəʾum*": "construct noun, masculine singular - declaration of", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular - Lord/Master", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if", "*ʾiddārēš*": "niphal imperfect, 1st singular - will be inquired of/sought" }, "variants": { "*ûḇiśʾēṯ*": "and in offering/and when you offer/and by presenting", "*mattənōṯêḵem*": "your gifts/your offerings/your presents", "*bəhaʿăḇîr*": "by causing to pass through/by making pass through/by offering", "*niṭməʾîm*": "becoming unclean/being defiled/making yourselves impure", "*gillûlêḵem*": "your idols/your dung-gods/your filthy things", "*ʾiddārēš*": "be inquired of/be consulted/be sought after", "*ḥay*-*ʾānî*": "as I live/by my life/as surely as I live [oath formula]", "*nəʾum*": "declaration of/utterance of/oracle of", "*ʾim*-*ʾiddārēš*": "I will not be inquired of [negative oath]" } }
  • Ezek 23:37 : 37 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.37", "source": "כִּ֣י נִאֵ֗פוּ וְדָם֙ בִּֽידֵיהֶ֔ן וְאֶת־גִּלּֽוּלֵיהֶ֖ן נִאֵ֑פוּ וְגַ֤ם אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶן֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יָֽלְדוּ־לִ֔י הֶעֱבִ֥ירוּ לָהֶ֖ם לְאָכְלָֽה׃", "text": "For *niʾēpû* and-*dām* in-*bîdêhen* and-*ʾet*-*gillûlêhen* *niʾēpû* *wəgam* *ʾet*-*bənêhen* *ʾăšer* *yāldû*-to-me *heʿĕbîrû* to-them *ləʾoklāh*", "grammar": { "*niʾēpû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they committed adultery", "*dām*": "noun, masculine singular - blood", "*bîdêhen*": "preposition with noun, feminine dual with 3rd feminine plural suffix - in their hands", "*gillûlêhen*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their idols", "*wəgam*": "conjunction with emphatic particle - and also", "*bənêhen*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their sons", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/whom/that", "*yāldû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they bore/gave birth to", "*heʿĕbîrû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd plural - they caused to pass over/through", "*ləʾoklāh*": "preposition with noun, feminine singular - for food/consumption" }, "variants": { "*niʾēpû*": "they committed adultery/they were unfaithful", "*dām*": "blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt", "*gillûlêhen*": "their idols/their dung-idols/their abominable images", "*heʿĕbîrû*": "they caused to pass over/they offered/they sacrificed", "*ləʾoklāh*": "for food/for consumption/to be devoured" } }
  • Ezek 36:20-23 : 20 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.36.20", "source": "וַיָּב֗וֹא אֶל־הַגּוֹיִם֙ אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֣אוּ שָׁ֔ם וַֽיְחַלְּל֖וּ אֶת־שֵׁ֣ם קָדְשִׁ֑י בֶּאֱמֹ֤ר לָהֶם֙ עַם־יְהוָ֣ה אֵ֔לֶּה וּמֵאַרְצ֖וֹ יָצָֽאוּ׃", "text": "And-*yābôʾ* to-the-*gôyim* which-*bāʾû* there and-*yәḥallәlû* *šēm* *qodšî* in-*ʾĕmōr* to-them *ʿam*-*YHWH* these and-from-*ʾarṣô* *yāṣāʾû*", "grammar": { "*yābôʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he came/entered", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural - nations/gentiles", "*bāʾû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they came/entered", "*yәḥallәlû*": "Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - and they profaned", "*šēm*": "masculine singular construct - name of", "*qodšî*": "masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my holiness", "*ʾĕmōr*": "Qal infinitive construct - to say/saying", "*ʿam*": "masculine singular construct - people of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾarṣô*": "feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his land", "*yāṣāʾû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they went out/left" }, "variants": { "*yābôʾ*": "he came/he entered/they came (collective singular)", "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*bāʾû*": "they came/they entered/they arrived", "*yәḥallәlû*": "they profaned/they defiled/they polluted", "*šēm qodšî*": "my holy name/the name of my holiness", "*ʾĕmōr*": "saying/when it was said", "*ʿam-YHWH*": "people of YHWH/the LORD's people", "*ʾarṣô*": "his land/his country", "*yāṣāʾû*": "they went out/they left/they departed" } } 21 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.36.21", "source": "וָאֶחְמֹ֖ל עַל־שֵׁ֣ם קָדְשִׁ֑י אֲשֶׁ֤ר חִלְּל֙וּהוּ֙ בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל בַּגּוֹיִ֖ם אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֥אוּ שָֽׁמָּה׃ ס", "text": "And-*ʾeḥmōl* for-*šēm* *qodšî* which *ḥillәlûhû* *bêt* *Yiśrāʾēl* among-the-*gôyim* which-*bāʾû* there", "grammar": { "*ʾeḥmōl*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I had pity/concern", "*šēm*": "masculine singular construct - name of", "*qodšî*": "masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my holiness", "*ḥillәlûhû*": "Piel perfect 3rd person common plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - they profaned it", "*bêt*": "construct state, masculine singular - house of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural - nations/gentiles", "*bāʾû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they came/entered" }, "variants": { "*ʾeḥmōl*": "I had pity/I had concern/I was concerned for", "*šēm qodšî*": "my holy name/the name of my holiness", "*ḥillәlûhû*": "they profaned it/they defiled it", "*bêt Yiśrāʾēl*": "house of Israel/Israelite people", "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*bāʾû*": "they came/they went/they arrived" } } 22 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.36.22", "source": "לָכֵ֞ן אֱמֹ֣ר לְבֵֽית־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה לֹ֧א לְמַעַנְכֶ֛ם אֲנִ֥י עֹשֶׂ֖ה בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל כִּ֤י אִם־לְשֵׁם־קָדְשִׁי֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר חִלַּלְתֶּ֔ם בַּגּוֹיִ֖ם אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֥אתֶם שָֽׁם׃", "text": "Therefore *ʾĕmōr* to-*bêt*-*Yiśrāʾēl* thus *ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH* not for-*maʿankhem* I *ʿōśeh* *bêt* *Yiśrāʾēl* but for-*šēm*-*qodšî* which *ḥillaltem* among-the-*gôyim* which-*bāʾtem* there", "grammar": { "*ʾĕmōr*": "Qal imperative masculine singular - say", "*bêt*": "construct state, masculine singular - house of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he said", "*ʾădōnāy*": "title - Lord/Master", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*maʿankhem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sake", "*ʿōśeh*": "Qal participle masculine singular - doing", "*bêt*": "construct state, masculine singular - house of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*šēm*": "masculine singular construct - name of", "*qodšî*": "masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my holiness", "*ḥillaltem*": "Piel perfect 2nd person masculine plural - you profaned", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural - nations/gentiles", "*bāʾtem*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - you came/entered" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕmōr*": "say/speak/tell", "*bêt Yiśrāʾēl*": "house of Israel/Israelite people", "*ʾāmar*": "said/spoke/declared", "*ʾădōnāy YHWH*": "Lord GOD/Sovereign LORD", "*maʿankhem*": "your sake/for your benefit", "*ʿōśeh*": "doing/acting/performing", "*šēm-qodšî*": "my holy name/the name of my holiness", "*ḥillaltem*": "you profaned/you defiled/you polluted", "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*bāʾtem*": "you came/you entered/you went" } } 23 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.36.23", "source": "וְקִדַּשְׁתִּ֞י אֶת־שְׁמִ֣י הַגָּד֗וֹל הַֽמְחֻלָּל֙ בַּגּוֹיִ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר חִלַּלְתֶּ֖ם בְּתוֹכָ֑ם וְיָדְע֨וּ הַגּוֹיִ֜ם כִּי־אֲנִ֣י יְהוָ֗ה נְאֻם֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה בְּהִקָּדְשִׁ֥י בָכֶ֖ם לְעֵינֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "And-*qiddaštî* *šәmî* the-*gādôl* the-*mәḥullāl* among-the-*gôyim* which *ḥillaltem* in-their-midst and-*yādәʿû* the-*gôyim* that-I *YHWH* *nәʾum* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH* when-*hiqqādәšî* in-you before-their-eyes", "grammar": { "*qiddaštî*": "Piel perfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I will sanctify", "*šәmî*": "masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my name", "*gādôl*": "masculine singular - great", "*mәḥullāl*": "Pual participle masculine singular - profaned/defiled", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural - nations/gentiles", "*ḥillaltem*": "Piel perfect 2nd person masculine plural - you profaned", "*yādәʿû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural with waw consecutive - and they will know", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural - nations/gentiles", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*nәʾum*": "construct state - declaration/utterance of", "*ʾădōnāy*": "title - Lord/Master", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*hiqqādәšî*": "Niphal infinitive construct with 1st person singular suffix - my being sanctified" }, "variants": { "*qiddaštî*": "I will sanctify/I will make holy/I will hallow", "*šәmî*": "my name", "*gādôl*": "great/large/important", "*mәḥullāl*": "profaned/defiled/polluted", "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*ḥillaltem*": "you profaned/you defiled/you polluted", "*yādәʿû*": "they will know/they will recognize/they will acknowledge", "*nәʾum*": "declaration of/utterance of/says", "*hiqqādәšî*": "my being sanctified/when I am proven holy/when I show myself holy" } }
  • Amos 5:26 : 26 { "verseID": "Amos.5.26", "source": "וּנְשָׂאתֶ֗ם אֵ֚ת סִכּ֣וּת מַלְכְּכֶ֔ם וְאֵ֖ת כִּיּ֣וּן צַלְמֵיכֶ֑ם כּוֹכַב֙ אֱלֹ֣הֵיכֶ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר עֲשִׂיתֶ֖ם לָכֶֽם׃", "text": "And-*nəśāʾtem* *ʾēt* *sikkût* *malkəkhem* and-*ʾēt* *kiyyûn* *ṣalmêkhem*, *kôkhab* *ʾĕlōhêkhem* *ʾăsher* *ʿăśîtem* for-yourselves", "grammar": { "*nəśāʾtem*": "perfect, qal, 2nd masculine plural - you carried/lifted", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*sikkût*": "proper noun - Sikkuth (deity name)", "*malkəkhem*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your king", "*kiyyûn*": "proper noun - Kiyyun (deity name)", "*ṣalmêkhem*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your images", "*kôkhab*": "noun, masculine singular construct - star of", "*ʾĕlōhêkhem*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your gods", "*ʾăsher*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*ʿăśîtem*": "perfect, qal, 2nd masculine plural - you made" }, "variants": { "*nəśāʾtem*": "you carried/lifted/bore", "*sikkût*": "Sikkuth (deity name)/booth/shrine", "*malkəkhem*": "your king/your Molech (deity)", "*kiyyûn*": "Kiyyun (deity name)/pedestal", "*ṣalmêkhem*": "your images/your idols", "*kôkhab*": "star/celestial body" } }
  • Rom 1:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Romans.1.23", "source": "Καὶ ἤλλαξαν τὴν δόξαν τοῦ ἀφθάρτου Θεοῦ ἐν ὁμοιώματι εἰκόνος φθαρτοῦ ἀνθρώπου, καὶ πετεινῶν, καὶ τετραπόδων, καὶ ἑρπετῶν.", "text": "*Kai* *ēllaxan* the *doxan* the *aphthartou* *Theou* *en* *homoiōmati* *eikonos* *phthartou* *anthrōpou*, *kai* *peteinōn*, *kai* *tetrapodōn*, *kai* *herpetōn*.", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - and", "*ēllaxan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they changed/exchanged", "*doxan*": "accusative, feminine, singular - glory", "*aphthartou*": "genitive, masculine, singular, adjective - incorruptible", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*en*": "preposition + dative - for", "*homoiōmati*": "dative, neuter, singular - likeness", "*eikonos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of image", "*phthartou*": "genitive, masculine, singular, adjective - corruptible", "*anthrōpou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of man", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*peteinōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - of birds", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*tetrapodōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - of four-footed animals", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*herpetōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - of reptiles" }, "variants": { "*ēllaxan*": "they changed/exchanged/altered", "*doxan*": "glory/honor/splendor", "*aphthartou*": "incorruptible/imperishable/immortal", "*homoiōmati*": "likeness/similarity/resemblance", "*eikonos*": "image/likeness/representation", "*phthartou*": "corruptible/perishable/mortal", "*peteinōn*": "birds/flying creatures", "*tetrapodōn*": "four-footed animals/quadrupeds", "*herpetōn*": "reptiles/creeping things" } }
  • Rom 2:24 : 24 { "verseID": "Romans.2.24", "source": "Τὸ γὰρ ὄνομα τοῦ Θεοῦ διʼ ὑμᾶς βλασφημεῖται ἐν τοῖς Ἔθνεσιν, καθὼς γέγραπται.", "text": "For the *onoma* of *Theou* through you *blasphēmeitai* among the *Ethnesin*, just as it has been *gegraptai*.", "grammar": { "*onoma*": "noun, nominative, neuter, singular - name", "*Theou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*blasphēmeitai*": "verb, present passive indicative, 3rd person singular - is blasphemed", "*Ethnesin*": "noun, dative, neuter, plural - among the Gentiles/nations", "*gegraptai*": "verb, perfect passive indicative, 3rd person singular - it has been written" }, "variants": { "*onoma*": "name/title/reputation", "*Theou*": "God/deity", "*blasphēmeitai*": "is blasphemed/reviled/spoken evil of", "*Ethnesin*": "Gentiles/nations/non-Jewish peoples", "*gegraptai*": "has been written/recorded/inscribed" } }