Verse 37

{ "verseID": "Psalms.106.37", "source": "וַיִּזְבְּח֣וּ אֶת־בְּ֭נֵיהֶם וְאֶת־בְּנֽוֹתֵיהֶ֗ם לַשֵּֽׁדִים׃", "text": "*wayyizbəḥū* *'et*-*bənêhem* and-*'et*-*bənōtêhem* to-*šēdîm*", "grammar": { "*wayyizbəḥū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they sacrificed", "*bənêhem*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, plural - their sons", "*bənōtêhem*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, feminine, plural - their daughters", "*šēdîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - demons" }, "variants": { "*wayyizbəḥū*": "and they sacrificed/slaughtered/offered", "*bənêhem*": "their sons/male children", "*bənōtêhem*": "their daughters/female children", "*šēdîm*": "demons/evil spirits/false gods" } }

Other Translations

Referenced Verses

  • 2 Kgs 16:3 : 3 { "verseID": "2 Kings.16.3", "source": "וַיֵּ֕לֶךְ בְּדֶ֖רֶךְ מַלְכֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְגַ֤ם אֶת־בְּנוֹ֙ הֶעֱבִ֣יר בָּאֵ֔שׁ כְּתֹֽעֲבוֹת֙ הַגּוֹיִ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֨ר הוֹרִ֤ישׁ יְהוָה֙ אֹתָ֔ם מִפְּנֵ֖י בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל", "text": "*wayyēleḵ* in *dereḵ* *malḵê* *yiśrāʾēl* *wə-ḡam* *ʾeṯ*-*bənô* *heʿĕḇîr* in *hāʾēš* according to *tōʿăḇôṯ* *haggôyim* which *hôrîš* *YHWH* *ʾōṯām* from *pənê* *bənê* *yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wayyēleḵ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he walked", "*dereḵ*": "feminine singular construct - way of/path of", "*malḵê*": "masculine plural construct - kings of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - Israel", "*wə-ḡam*": "conjunction + particle - and also", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*bənô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his son", "*heʿĕḇîr*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he caused to pass/transfer", "*hāʾēš*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the fire", "*tōʿăḇôṯ*": "feminine plural construct - abominations of", "*haggôyim*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the nations", "*hôrîš*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he dispossessed", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾōṯām*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine plural suffix - them", "*pənê*": "masculine plural construct - faces of/before", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of/children of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - Israel" }, "variants": { "*heʿĕḇîr* in *hāʾēš*": "caused to pass through fire/burned/sacrificed", "*hôrîš*": "dispossessed/drove out/expelled" } }
  • 2 Kgs 17:17 : 17 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.17", "source": "וַֽ֠יַּעֲבִירוּ אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶ֤ם וְאֶת־בְּנֽוֹתֵיהֶם֙ בָּאֵ֔שׁ וַיִּקְסְמ֥וּ קְסָמִ֖ים וַיְנַחֵ֑שׁוּ וַיִּֽתְמַכְּר֗וּ לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת הָרַ֛ע בְּעֵינֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה לְהַכְעִיסֽוֹ׃", "text": "And they *ʿābar* *ʾēt*-sons their and *ʾēt*-daughters their in the *ʾēš*, and they *qāsam* *qesem*, and they *nāḥaš*; and they *mākar* to *ʿāśâ* the *raʿ* in eyes of *YHWH* to *kāʿas* him.", "grammar": { "*ʿābar*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they caused to pass through", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular with prefix preposition - in the fire", "*qāsam*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they practiced divination", "*qesem*": "noun, masculine plural - divinations", "*nāḥaš*": "Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they practiced sorcery/used enchantments", "*mākar*": "Hithpael imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they sold themselves", "*ʿāśâ*": "Qal infinitive construct - to do/make", "*raʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the evil", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*kāʿas*": "Hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to provoke/vex him" }, "variants": { "*ʿābar*": "cause to pass through/sacrifice/dedicate [to Molech]", "*ʾēš*": "fire/flame", "*qāsam*": "practice divination/soothsaying/fortune-telling", "*qesem*": "divinations/omens/oracles", "*nāḥaš*": "practice sorcery/use enchantments/observe signs", "*mākar*": "sell themselves/give themselves over/devote themselves", "*raʿ*": "evil/bad/wrong", "*kāʿas*": "provoke/vex/anger" } }
  • Deut 32:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.17", "source": "יִזְבְּח֗וּ לַשֵּׁדִים֙ לֹ֣א אֱלֹ֔הַ אֱלֹהִ֖ים לֹ֣א יְדָע֑וּם חֲדָשִׁים֙ מִקָּרֹ֣ב בָּ֔אוּ לֹ֥א שְׂעָר֖וּם אֲבֹתֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "*yizbəḥû* *laššēdîm* *lōʾ* *ʾĕlōah* *ʾĕlōhîm* *lōʾ* *yədāʿûm* *ḥădāšîm* *miqqārōḇ* *bāʾû* *lōʾ* *śəʿārûm* *ʾăḇōṯêḵem*", "grammar": { "*yizbəḥû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they sacrificed", "*laššēdîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun with definite article - to the demons", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾĕlōah*": "masculine singular noun - God/god", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - gods", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yədāʿûm*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - they knew them", "*ḥădāšîm*": "masculine plural adjective - new ones", "*miqqārōḇ*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - from recently", "*bāʾû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they came", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*śəʿārûm*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - they dreaded them", "*ʾăḇōṯêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your fathers" }, "variants": { "*yizbəḥû*": "they sacrificed/they offered/they slaughtered", "*šēdîm*": "demons/evil spirits/false gods", "*lōʾ ʾĕlōah*": "not God/no god/godless things", "*yədāʿûm*": "they knew them/they were acquainted with them/they recognized them", "*ḥădāšîm*": "new ones/newcomers/recent ones", "*miqqārōḇ*": "from recently/from nearby/lately", "*bāʾû*": "they came/they arrived/they appeared", "*śəʿārûm*": "they dreaded them/they feared them/they were terrified of them" } }
  • 1 Cor 10:20 : 20 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.10.20", "source": "Ἀλλʼ, ὅτι ἃ θύει τά Ἔθνη, δαιμονίοις θύει, καὶ οὐ Θεῷ: οὐ θέλω δὲ ὑμᾶς κοινωνοὺς τῶν δαιμονίων γίνεσθαι.", "text": "*All'*, that what *thyei* the *Ethnē*, to *daimoniois* they *thyousi*, and not to *Theō*: not I *thelō* *de* you *koinōnous* of the *daimoniōn* *ginesthai*", "grammar": { "*All'*": "strong adversative particle - but/however", "*thyei*": "present indicative, 3rd person singular - sacrifices/offers", "*Ethnē*": "nominative, neuter, plural - nations/Gentiles", "*daimoniois*": "dative, neuter, plural - demons", "*thyousi*": "present indicative, 3rd person plural - they sacrifice/offer", "*Theō*": "dative, masculine, singular - God", "*thelō*": "present indicative, 1st person singular - I want/wish", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and/now", "*koinōnous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - partners/participants", "*daimoniōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - demons", "*ginesthai*": "present middle infinitive - to become" }, "variants": { "*thyei*": "sacrifices/offers/slaughters for sacrifice", "*Ethnē*": "nations/Gentiles/pagans", "*daimoniois*": "demons/evil spirits", "*thelō*": "want/wish/desire", "*koinōnous*": "partners/participants/sharers", "*ginesthai*": "to become/be made" } }
  • Ezek 16:20-21 : 20 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.20", "source": "וַתִּקְחִ֞י אֶת־בָּנַ֤יִךְ וְאֶת־בְּנוֹתַ֙יִךְ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יָלַ֣דְתְּ לִ֔י וַתִּזְבָּחִ֥ים לָהֶ֖ם לֶאֱכ֑וֹל הַמְעַ֖ט מִתַּזְנוּתָֽיִךְ׃", "text": "And *wattiqqəḥî* *ʾet*-*bānayik* and *ʾet*-*bənôtayik* which *ʾăšer* *yāladt* to me, and *wattizbaḥîm* to them to *leʾĕkôl*. *haməʿaṭ* from *mittaznûtāyik*?", "grammar": { "*wattiqqəḥî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - and you took", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bānayik*": "your sons, plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*bənôtayik*": "your daughters, plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - whom/which", "*yāladt*": "qal perfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you bore/gave birth to", "*wattizbaḥîm*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and you sacrificed them", "*leʾĕkôl*": "to eat/consume, preposition + qal infinitive construct", "*haməʿaṭ*": "interrogative particle + adjective - was it a small thing/was it too little", "*mittaznûtāyik*": "from your prostitutions/harlotries, preposition + plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix" }, "variants": { "*yāladt*": "you bore/you gave birth to/you delivered", "*wattizbaḥîm*": "you sacrificed them/you slaughtered them", "*haməʿaṭ*": "was it a small thing/was it insignificant/was it too little", "*mittaznûtāyik*": "from your prostitutions/from your harlotries/from your acts of fornication" } } 21 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.21", "source": "וַֽתִּשְׁחֲטִ֖י אֶת־בָּנָ֑י וַֽתִּתְּנִ֔ים בְּהַעֲבִ֥יר אוֹתָ֖ם לָהֶֽם׃", "text": "And *wattišḥăṭî* *ʾet*-*bānāy* and *wattittnîm* in *bəhaʿăbîr* *ʾôtām* to them.", "grammar": { "*wattišḥăṭî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - and you slaughtered", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bānāy*": "my sons, plural noun with 1st person singular suffix", "*wattittnîm*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and you gave them", "*bəhaʿăbîr*": "in causing to pass over, preposition + hiphil infinitive construct", "*ʾôtām*": "them, direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix" }, "variants": { "*wattišḥăṭî*": "you slaughtered/you butchered/you killed", "*bəhaʿăbîr*": "in causing to pass through [fire]/in offering up/in dedicating" } }
  • Ezek 20:26 : 26 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.20.26", "source": "וָאֲטַמֵּ֤א אוֹתָם֙ בְּמַתְּנוֹתָ֔ם בְּהַעֲבִ֖יר כָּל־פֶּ֣טֶר רָ֑חַם לְמַ֣עַן אֲשִׁמֵּ֔ם לְמַ֙עַן֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יֵֽדְע֔וּ אֲשֶׁ֖ר אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה", "text": "And *ʾaṭammēʾ* them in their *mattənôtām*, in *haʿăbîr* all *peṭer rāḥam*, in order that I *ʾăšimmēm*, in order that they *yēdəʿû* that *ʾănî* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*wā-ʾaṭammēʾ*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect 1st person singular - and I defiled/made unclean", "*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them", "*bə-mattənôtām*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their gifts", "*bə-haʿăbîr*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct - in causing to pass over", "*kol-peṭer*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all first opening of", "*rāḥam*": "noun, masculine singular - womb", "*ləmaʿan*": "conjunction - in order that", "*ʾăšimmēm*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - I would devastate them", "*ləmaʿan*": "conjunction - in order that", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - that", "*yēdəʿû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they would know", "*ʾăšer*": "conjunction - that", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*YHWH*": "divine name" }, "variants": { "*ʾaṭammēʾ*": "defiled, made unclean, rendered impure", "*mattənôtām*": "their gifts, their offerings, their presents", "*haʿăbîr*": "causing to pass over/through (often refers to child sacrifice)", "*peṭer rāḥam*": "first opening of the womb, firstborn", "*ʾăšimmēm*": "devastate them, make them desolate, horrify them", "*yēdəʿû*": "know, recognize, acknowledge", "*YHWH*": "Yahweh, the LORD (divine name)" } }
  • Ezek 23:37 : 37 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.37", "source": "כִּ֣י נִאֵ֗פוּ וְדָם֙ בִּֽידֵיהֶ֔ן וְאֶת־גִּלּֽוּלֵיהֶ֖ן נִאֵ֑פוּ וְגַ֤ם אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶן֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יָֽלְדוּ־לִ֔י הֶעֱבִ֥ירוּ לָהֶ֖ם לְאָכְלָֽה׃", "text": "For *niʾēpû* and-*dām* in-*bîdêhen* and-*ʾet*-*gillûlêhen* *niʾēpû* *wəgam* *ʾet*-*bənêhen* *ʾăšer* *yāldû*-to-me *heʿĕbîrû* to-them *ləʾoklāh*", "grammar": { "*niʾēpû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they committed adultery", "*dām*": "noun, masculine singular - blood", "*bîdêhen*": "preposition with noun, feminine dual with 3rd feminine plural suffix - in their hands", "*gillûlêhen*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their idols", "*wəgam*": "conjunction with emphatic particle - and also", "*bənêhen*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their sons", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/whom/that", "*yāldû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they bore/gave birth to", "*heʿĕbîrû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd plural - they caused to pass over/through", "*ləʾoklāh*": "preposition with noun, feminine singular - for food/consumption" }, "variants": { "*niʾēpû*": "they committed adultery/they were unfaithful", "*dām*": "blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt", "*gillûlêhen*": "their idols/their dung-idols/their abominable images", "*heʿĕbîrû*": "they caused to pass over/they offered/they sacrificed", "*ləʾoklāh*": "for food/for consumption/to be devoured" } }
  • 2 Kgs 21:6 : 6 { "verseID": "2Kings.21.6", "source": "וְהֶעֱבִ֤יר אֶת־בְּנוֹ֙ בָּאֵ֔שׁ וְעוֹנֵ֣ן וְנִחֵ֔שׁ וְעָ֥שָׂה א֖וֹב וְיִדְּעֹנִ֑ים הִרְבָּ֗ה לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת הָרַ֛ע בְּעֵינֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה לְהַכְעִֽיס׃", "text": "*we-he'ĕbîr* *'et*-*bĕnô* in-the-*'ēsh* *we-'ônēn* *we-niḥēsh* *we-'āsāh* *'ôb* *we-yiddĕ'ōnîm* *hirbāh* to-*'ăsôt* the-*ra'* in-*'êynêy* *YHWH* to-*hak'îs*", "grammar": { "*we-he'ĕbîr*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - and he caused to pass through", "*'et*": "direct object marker", "*bĕnô*": "noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his son", "*'ēsh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the fire", "*we-'ônēn*": "conjunction + Poel perfect 3rd masculine singular - and he practiced soothsaying", "*we-niḥēsh*": "conjunction + Piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - and he practiced divination", "*we-'āsāh*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and he made/used", "*'ôb*": "masculine singular noun - medium/ghost/necromancer", "*we-yiddĕ'ōnîm*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun - and familiar spirits/wizards", "*hirbāh*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - he multiplied/did much", "*'ăsôt*": "Qal infinitive construct - to do", "*ra'*": "noun with definite article - the evil", "*'êynêy*": "construct state - eyes of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*hak'îs*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to provoke" }, "variants": { "*he'ĕbîr*": "caused to pass through/offered/sacrificed", "*'ônēn*": "practiced soothsaying/used cloud divination/practiced fortune-telling", "*niḥēsh*": "practiced divination/used enchantments/observed omens", "*'ôb*": "medium/ghost/spirit of the dead", "*yiddĕ'ōnîm*": "familiar spirits/wizards/those with special knowledge", "*hirbāh*": "multiplied/did much/increased", "*hak'îs*": "to provoke/to anger/to offend" } }
  • Lev 17:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Leviticus.17.7", "source": "וְלֹא־יִזְבְּח֥וּ עוֹד֙ אֶת־זִבְחֵיהֶ֔ם לַשְּׂעִירִ֕ם אֲשֶׁ֛ר הֵ֥ם זֹנִ֖ים אַחֲרֵיהֶ֑ם חֻקַּ֥ת עוֹלָ֛ם תִּֽהְיֶה־זֹּ֥את לָהֶ֖ם לְדֹרֹתָֽם׃", "text": "And not *yizbĕḥû* again *et-zibḥêhem* to the *śĕʿîrîm* which they *zōnîm* after them; *ḥuqqat* *ʿôlām* *tihyeh-zōʾt* to them for their *dōrōtām*", "grammar": { "*yizbĕḥû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they shall sacrifice", "*et-zibḥêhem*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine plural with 3rd person plural suffix - their sacrifices", "*śĕʿîrîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the goat-demons/satyrs", "*zōnîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - committing harlotry/being unfaithful", "*ḥuqqat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - statute/ordinance of", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular - eternity/perpetuity", "*tihyeh-zōʾt*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular + demonstrative pronoun - this shall be", "*dōrōtām*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their generations" }, "variants": { "*yizbĕḥû*": "they shall sacrifice/offer", "*zibḥêhem*": "their sacrifices/offerings", "*śĕʿîrîm*": "goat-demons/satyrs/goat idols", "*zōnîm*": "playing the harlot/being unfaithful/committing idolatry", "*ḥuqqat*": "statute/ordinance/regulation", "*ʿôlām*": "perpetual/everlasting/forever", "*dōrōtām*": "their generations/throughout their generations" } }
  • Deut 12:30-31 : 30 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.12.30", "source": "הִשָּׁ֣מֶר לְךָ֗ פֶּן־תִּנָּקֵשׁ֙ אַחֲרֵיהֶ֔ם אַחֲרֵ֖י הִשָּׁמְדָ֣ם מִפָּנֶ֑יךָ וּפֶן־תִּדְרֹ֨שׁ לֵֽאלֹהֵיהֶ֜ם לֵאמֹ֗ר אֵיכָ֨ה יַעַבְד֜וּ הַגּוֹיִ֤ם הָאֵ֙לֶּה֙ אֶת־אֱלֹ֣הֵיהֶ֔ם וְאֶעֱשֶׂה־כֵּ֖ן גַּם־אָֽנִי׃", "text": "*Hiššāmer* to you *pen*-*tinnāqēš* after them, after *hiššāmḏām* from before you, *û-pen*-*tiḏrōš* to *ʾĕlōhêhem* *lēʾmōr* *ʾêḵāh* *yaʿaḇḏû* the-*gôyim* these *ʾeṯ*-*ʾĕlōhêhem* *wə*-*ʾeʿĕśeh*-*kēn* also-I.", "grammar": { "*hiššāmer*": "imperative Niphal, 2nd masculine singular - take heed/be careful/guard yourself", "*ləḵā*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - to you", "*pen*": "conjunction - lest/that not", "*tinnāqēš*": "imperfect Niphal, 2nd masculine singular - you be snared/entrapped", "*ʾaḥărêhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - after them", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after", "*hiššāmḏām*": "infinitive construct Niphal with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their being destroyed", "*mippānêḵā*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - from before you", "*û-pen*": "conjunction + conjunction - and lest", "*tiḏrōš*": "imperfect Qal, 2nd masculine singular - you seek/inquire", "*lē-ʾĕlōhêhem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to/about their gods", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + infinitive construct Qal - saying", "*ʾêḵāh*": "interrogative adverb - how", "*yaʿaḇḏû*": "imperfect Qal, 3rd masculine plural - they serve/worship", "*ha-gôyim*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the nations/gentiles", "*hā-ʾēlleh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their gods", "*wə-ʾeʿĕśeh*": "conjunction + imperfect Qal, 1st common singular - and I will do", "*kēn*": "adverb - thus/so", "*gam*": "particle - also/even", "*ʾānî*": "pronoun, 1st common singular - I" }, "variants": { "*hiššāmer*": "guard yourself/take heed/be careful", "*tinnāqēš*": "be snared/be trapped/be enticed", "*hiššāmḏām*": "their destruction/their being destroyed/their annihilation", "*tiḏrōš*": "inquire/seek/investigate", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "their gods/their deities", "*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say", "*ʾêḵāh*": "how/in what manner", "*yaʿaḇḏû*": "serve/worship/work for", "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "I will do/I will make/I will perform" } } 31 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.12.31", "source": "לֹא־תַעֲשֶׂ֣ה כֵ֔ן לַיהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ כִּי֩ כָּל־תּוֹעֲבַ֨ת יְהוָ֜ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר שָׂנֵ֗א עָשׂוּ֙ לֵאלֹ֣הֵיהֶ֔ם כִּ֣י גַ֤ם אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶם֙ וְאֶת־בְּנֹ֣תֵיהֶ֔ם יִשְׂרְפ֥וּ בָאֵ֖שׁ לֵֽאלֹהֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "Not-*taʿăśeh* *kēn* to-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêḵā*, for all-*tôʿăḇaṯ* *YHWH* which *śānēʾ* *ʿāśû* to-*ʾĕlōhêhem*, for also *ʾeṯ*-*bənêhem* and-*ʾeṯ*-*bənôṯêhem* *yiśrəp̄û* in-*ʾēš* to-*ʾĕlōhêhem*.", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*taʿăśeh*": "imperfect Qal, 2nd masculine singular - you will do/make", "*kēn*": "adverb - thus/so", "*la-YHWH*": "preposition + noun, proper name - to the LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhêḵā*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all/every", "*tôʿăḇaṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - abomination of", "*YHWH*": "noun, proper name - Yahweh/the LORD", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*śānēʾ*": "perfect Qal, 3rd masculine singular - he hates/hated", "*ʿāśû*": "perfect Qal, 3rd common plural - they did/made", "*lē-ʾĕlōhêhem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to/for their gods", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*gam*": "particle - also/even", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*bənêhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their sons", "*wə-ʾeṯ*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*bənôṯêhem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their daughters", "*yiśrəp̄û*": "imperfect Qal, 3rd masculine plural - they burn", "*ḇā-ʾēš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - in the fire", "*lē-ʾĕlōhêhem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to/for their gods" }, "variants": { "*taʿăśeh*": "do/make/perform", "*YHWH*": "the LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhêḵā*": "your God/your gods (plural form with singular meaning)", "*tôʿăḇaṯ*": "abomination/detestable thing/offensive practice", "*śānēʾ*": "hates/abhors/detests", "*ʿāśû*": "did/made/performed", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "their gods/their deities", "*bənêhem*": "their sons/their male children", "*bənôṯêhem*": "their daughters/their female children", "*yiśrəp̄û*": "burn/consume with fire", "*ʾēš*": "fire/flame" } }
  • Isa 57:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Isaiah.57.5", "source": "הַנֵּֽחָמִים֙ בָּֽאֵלִ֔ים תַּ֖חַת כָּל־עֵ֣ץ רַעֲנָ֑ן שֹׁחֲטֵ֤י הַיְלָדִים֙ בַּנְּחָלִ֔ים תַּ֖חַת סְעִפֵ֥י הַסְּלָעִֽים׃", "text": "*hannēḥāmîm* *bāʾēlîm* *taḥat* *kol-ʿēṣ* *raʿănān* *šōḥăṭê* *hayəlādîm* *bannəḥālîm* *taḥat* *səʿîpê* *hassəlāʿîm*.", "grammar": { "*hannēḥāmîm*": "definite article + niphal participle, masculine plural - the ones who inflame themselves", "*bāʾēlîm*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - among the terebinths/sacred trees/gods", "*taḥat*": "preposition - under/beneath", "*kol-ʿēṣ*": "construct - every tree", "*raʿănān*": "adjective, masculine, singular - luxuriant/green/leafy", "*šōḥăṭê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - slaughterers of", "*hayəlādîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the children", "*bannəḥālîm*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - in the valleys/wadis/streams", "*səʿîpê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - clefts of", "*hassəlāʿîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the rocks" }, "variants": { "*hannēḥāmîm*": "those who burn with lust/inflame themselves/are passionate", "*bāʾēlîm*": "with the terebinths/sacred trees/gods/idols", "*raʿănān*": "green/leafy/luxuriant/flourishing", "*šōḥăṭê*": "those who slaughter/sacrifice/kill", "*nəḥālîm*": "wadis/valleys/streams/torrents", "*səʿîpê*": "clefts/crevices/fissures" } }
  • Jer 7:31 : 31 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.7.31", "source": "וּבָנ֞וּ בָּמ֣וֹת הַתֹּ֗פֶת אֲשֶׁר֙ בְּגֵ֣יא בֶן־הִנֹּ֔ם לִשְׂרֹ֛ף אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶ֥ם וְאֶת־בְּנֹתֵיהֶ֖ם בָּאֵ֑שׁ אֲשֶׁר֙ לֹ֣א צִוִּ֔יתִי וְלֹ֥א עָלְתָ֖ה עַל־לִבִּֽי׃ ס", "text": "*wə-bānû* *bāmôt* *ha-tōpet* *ʾăšer* in-*gêʾ* *ben-hinnōm* *liśrōp* *ʾet*-*bənêhem* *wə-ʾet*-*bənôtêhem* in-*ʾēš* *ʾăšer* not *ṣiwwîtî* *wə-lōʾ* *ʿālətâ* upon-*libbî*", "grammar": { "*wə-bānû*": "conjunction + perfect verb, 3rd person plural - and they built", "*bāmôt*": "feminine plural construct - high places of", "*ha-tōpet*": "definite article + proper noun - the Tophet", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*gêʾ*": "construct noun - valley of", "*ben-hinnōm*": "compound noun - son of Hinnom", "*liśrōp*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to burn", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bənêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sons", "*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*bənôtêhem*": "feminine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their daughters", "*ʾēš*": "feminine singular noun - fire", "*ṣiwwîtî*": "perfect verb, 1st person singular - I commanded", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ʿālətâ*": "perfect verb, 3rd person feminine singular - it came up", "*libbî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my heart" }, "variants": { "*bāmôt*": "high places/altars/shrines", "*tōpet*": "place name/fire-place/place of burning", "*gêʾ*": "valley/ravine", "*liśrōp*": "to burn/to consume by fire", "*ʿālətâ*": "came up/ascended/entered" } }
  • Jer 32:35 : 35 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.32.35", "source": "וַיִּבְנוּ֩ אֶת־בָּמ֨וֹת הַבַּ֜עַל אֲשֶׁ֣ר ׀ בְּגֵ֣יא בֶן־הִנֹּ֗ם לְ֠הַעֲבִיר אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶ֣ם וְאֶת־בְּנוֹתֵיהֶם֮ לַמֹּלֶךְ֒ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא־צִוִּיתִ֗ים וְלֹ֤א עָֽלְתָה֙ עַל־לִבִּ֔י לַעֲשׂ֖וֹת הַתּוֹעֵבָ֣ה הַזֹּ֑את לְמַ֖עַן *החטי* *haḥăṭîʾ* אֶת־יְהוּדָֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyibnû* *ʾet-bāmôt* *habbaʿal* which in *gêʾ ben-hinnōm* *ləhaʿăbîr* *ʾet-bənêhem* and *ʾet-bənôtêhem* to *hammōlek*, which not *ṣiwwîtîm* and not *ʿālətāh* upon *libbî* *laʿăśôt* *hattôʿēbāh* this, for *ləmaʿan* *haḥăṭîʾ* *ʾet-yəhûdāh*", "grammar": { "*wayyibnû*": "Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - 'and they built'", "*ʾet-bāmôt*": "direct object marker + feminine plural construct - 'the high places of'", "*habbaʿal*": "definite article + proper noun - 'the Baal'", "*gêʾ ben-hinnōm*": "construct chain - 'valley of the son of Hinnom'", "*ləhaʿăbîr*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct - 'to cause to pass over'", "*ʾet-bənêhem*": "direct object marker + masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their sons'", "*ʾet-bənôtêhem*": "direct object marker + feminine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their daughters'", "*hammōlek*": "definite article + proper noun - 'the Molech'", "*ṣiwwîtîm*": "Piel perfect, 1st person singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'I commanded them'", "*ʿālətāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - 'it came up'", "*libbî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - 'my heart'", "*laʿăśôt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - 'to do'", "*hattôʿēbāh*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - 'the abomination'", "*ləmaʿan*": "preposition + substantive - 'for the purpose of'", "*haḥăṭîʾ*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - 'to cause to sin'", "*ʾet-yəhûdāh*": "direct object marker + proper noun - 'Judah'" }, "variants": { "*bāmôt*": "high places/cultic platforms/shrines", "*ləhaʿăbîr*": "to cause to pass through/to offer/to sacrifice", "*hammōlek*": "Molech (deity)/the king (as deity)", "*ʿālətāh* upon *libbî*": "came up on my heart (idiom for 'I never considered/intended')", "*hattôʿēbāh*": "abomination/detestable act/abhorrent practice", "*haḥăṭîʾ*": "to cause to sin/to lead astray/to make guilty" } }
  • Deut 18:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.18.10", "source": "לֹֽא־יִמָּצֵ֣א בְךָ֔ מַעֲבִ֥יר בְּנֽוֹ־וּבִתּ֖וֹ בָּאֵ֑שׁ קֹסֵ֣ם קְסָמִ֔ים מְעוֹנֵ֥ן וּמְנַחֵ֖שׁ וּמְכַשֵּֽׁף׃", "text": "Not-*yimmatze* in-you *maavir* *beno*-and-*bitto* in-the-*esh* *qosem* *qesamim* *meonen* and-*menachesh* and-*mechashef*.", "grammar": { "*yimmatze*": "imperfect, 3rd singular, niphal - shall be found", "*maavir*": "participle, masculine, singular, hiphil - one who causes to pass over", "*beno*": "noun, masculine, singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his son", "*bitto*": "noun, feminine, singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his daughter", "*esh*": "noun, feminine, singular - fire", "*qosem*": "participle, masculine, singular, qal - one who practices divination", "*qesamim*": "noun, masculine, plural - divinations", "*meonen*": "participle, masculine, singular, poel - one who practices soothsaying", "*menachesh*": "participle, masculine, singular, piel - one who practices divination", "*mechashef*": "participle, masculine, singular, piel - one who practices sorcery" }, "variants": { "*maavir*": "one who causes to pass over/burns/sacrifices", "*qosem qesamim*": "diviner of divinations/practicer of divination", "*meonen*": "soothsayer/fortuneteller/observer of times", "*menachesh*": "diviner/enchanter/augurer", "*mechashef*": "sorcerer/witch/magician" } }
  • 2 Chr 11:15 : 15 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.11.15", "source": "וַיַּֽעֲמֶד־לוֹ֙ כֹּֽהֲנִ֔ים לַבָּמ֖וֹת וְלַשְּׂעִירִ֑ים וְלָעֲגָלִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשָֽׂה׃", "text": "And *wayya'ămēḏ*-for himself *kōhănîm* for the *bāmôt* and for the *śə'îrîm* and for the *'ăḡālîm* which *'āśāh*", "grammar": { "*wayya'ămēḏ*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he appointed", "*kōhănîm*": "noun, masculine plural - priests", "*bāmôt*": "noun, feminine plural - high places", "*śə'îrîm*": "noun, masculine plural - goats, demons", "*'ăḡālîm*": "noun, masculine plural - calves", "*ʾăsher*": "relative pronoun - which, that", "*'āśāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he made" }, "variants": { "*śə'îrîm*": "goats, goat-demons, satyrs", "*bāmôt*": "high places, shrines, cultic platforms" } }
  • Ezek 23:47 : 47 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.47", "source": "וְרָגְמ֨וּ עֲלֵיהֶ֥ן אֶ֙בֶן֙ קָהָ֔ל וּבָרֵ֥א אוֹתְהֶ֖ן בְּחַרְבוֹתָ֑ם בְּנֵיהֶ֤ם וּבְנֽוֹתֵיהֶם֙ יַהֲרֹ֔גוּ וּבָתֵּיהֶ֖ן בָּאֵ֥שׁ יִשְׂרֹֽפוּ׃", "text": "And-*rāgəmû* upon-them *ʾeben* *qāhāl* and-*bārēʾ* them with-*ḥarbôtām* *bənêhem* and-*bənôtêhem* *yahărōgû* and-*bāttêhen* with-*ʾēš* *yiśrōpû*", "grammar": { "*rāgəmû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they will stone", "*ʾeben*": "noun, feminine singular - stone", "*qāhāl*": "noun, masculine singular - assembly/congregation", "*bārēʾ*": "piel infinitive construct - cut down/dispatch", "*ḥarbôtām*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their swords", "*bənêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd plural suffix - their sons", "*bənôtêhem*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd plural suffix - their daughters", "*yahărōgû*": "imperfect, 3rd plural - they will kill", "*bāttêhen*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their houses", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular - fire", "*yiśrōpû*": "imperfect, 3rd plural - they will burn" }, "variants": { "*rāgəmû*": "they will stone/they will pelt with stones", "*bārēʾ*": "cut down/dispatch/slay", "*ḥarbôtām*": "their swords/their weapons", "*yahărōgû*": "they will kill/they will slay", "*yiśrōpû*": "they will burn/they will set on fire" } }
  • Rom 9:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Romans.9.20", "source": "Μενοῦνγε, ὦ ἄνθρωπε, σὺ τίς εἶ ὁ ἀνταποκρινόμενος τῷ Θεῷ; Μὴ ἐρεῖ τὸ πλάσμα τῷ πλάσαντι, Τί με ἐποίησας οὕτως;", "text": "*Menounge*, O *anthrōpe*, you who are *ei* the *antapokrinomenos* to *Theō*? *Mē erei* the *plasma* to the *plasanti*, Why me *epoiēsas* thus?", "grammar": { "*Menounge*": "particle - on the contrary/rather/indeed", "*anthrōpe*": "vocative, masculine, singular - O man", "*ei*": "present, indicative, 2nd person singular - you are", "*antapokrinomenos*": "present, participle, middle, nominative, masculine, singular - answering back", "*Theō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to God", "*Mē*": "negative particle [introduces question expecting negative answer]", "*erei*": "future, indicative, active, 3rd person singular - will say", "*plasma*": "nominative, neuter, singular - thing formed/creation", "*plasanti*": "aorist, participle, active, dative, masculine, singular - to the one having formed", "*epoiēsas*": "aorist, indicative, active, 2nd person singular - you made" }, "variants": { "*Menounge*": "on the contrary/rather/indeed", "*anthrōpe*": "man/human/mortal", "*antapokrinomenos*": "answering back/talking back/disputing", "*plasma*": "thing formed/creation/vessel", "*plasanti*": "to the one having formed/to the maker/to the creator", "*epoiēsas*": "you made/created/fashioned" } }