Verse 8

{ "verseID": "Psalms.60.8", "source": "אֱלֹהִ֤ים ׀ דִּבֶּ֥ר בְּקָדְשׁ֗וֹ אֶ֫עְלֹ֥זָה אֲחַלְּקָ֥ה שְׁכֶ֑ם וְעֵ֖מֶק סֻכּ֣וֹת אֲמַדֵּֽד׃", "text": "*ʾĕlōhîm* *dibber* in-*qādšô* *ʾeʿlōzâ* *ʾăḥallĕqâ* *šĕḵem* and-*ʿēmeq* *sukkôt* *ʾămaddēd*", "grammar": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun (divine plural) - God", "*dibber*": "piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has spoken", "*qādšô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his holiness/sanctuary", "*ʾeʿlōzâ*": "qal imperfect 1st common singular cohortative - I will exult", "*ʾăḥallĕqâ*": "piel imperfect 1st common singular cohortative - I will divide", "*šĕḵem*": "proper noun - Shechem", "*ʿēmeq*": "masculine singular construct - valley of", "*sukkôt*": "proper noun - Succoth", "*ʾămaddēd*": "piel imperfect 1st common singular - I will measure out" }, "variants": { "*dibber*": "he has spoken/promised/declared", "*qādšô*": "his holiness/sanctuary/holy place", "*ʾeʿlōzâ*": "I will exult/rejoice/triumph", "*ʾăḥallĕqâ*": "I will divide/apportion/distribute", "*ʾămaddēd*": "I will measure out/survey/allot" } }

Other Translations

Referenced Verses

  • 2 Sam 8:1-2 : 1 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.8.1", "source": "וַֽיְהִי֙ אַֽחֲרֵ‪[c]‬יכֵ֔ן וַיַּ֥ךְ דָּוִ֛ד אֶת־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים וַיַּכְנִיעֵ֑ם וַיִּקַּ֥ח דָּוִ֛ד אֶת־מֶ֥תֶג הָאַמָּ֖ה מִיַּ֥ד פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃", "text": "And *wayəhî* after *ken* and *wayyak* *Dāwid* *ʾet*-*Pəlištîm* and *wayaknîʿēm* and *wayyiqqaḥ* *Dāwid* *ʾet*-*meteg* *hāʾammâ* from hand of *Pəlištîm*.", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it was/happened", "*ken*": "adverb - thus/so/afterwards", "*wayyak*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *nākâ* - and he struck/defeated", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*wayaknîʿēm*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd plural suffix - and he subdued them", "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *lāqaḥ* - and he took", "*meteg*": "noun, masculine singular construct - bridle/control", "*hāʾammâ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the mother-city/metropolis", "*miyyad*": "preposition *min* + noun, feminine singular construct - from the hand of" }, "variants": { "*meteg hāʾammâ*": "bridle of the mother-city/capital city/metropolis/authority/cubit", "*wayyaknîʿēm*": "subdued them/humbled them/brought them into subjection" } } 2 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.8.2", "source": "וַיַּ֣ךְ אֶת־מוֹאָ֗ב וַֽיְמַדְּדֵ֤ם בַּחֶ֙בֶל֙ הַשְׁכֵּ֣ב אוֹתָ֣ם אַ֔רְצָה וַיְמַדֵּ֤ד שְׁנֵֽי־חֲבָלִים֙ לְהָמִ֔ית וּמְלֹ֥א הַחֶ֖בֶל לְהַחֲי֑וֹת וַתְּהִ֤י מוֹאָב֙ לְדָוִ֔ד לַעֲבָדִ֖ים נֹשְׂאֵ֥י מִנְחָֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyak* *ʾet*-*Môʾāb* and *wayəmaddədēm* with *ḥebel* the *haškēb* *ʾôtām* to ground and *wayəmaddēd* two-*ḥăbālîm* to *hāmît* and fullness of the *ḥebel* to *haḥăyôt* and *wattəhî* *Môʾāb* to *Dāwid* for *ʿăbādîm* *nōśəʾê* *minḥâ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyak*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *nākâ* - and he struck/defeated", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Môʾāb*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Moab", "*wayəmaddədēm*": "waw-consecutive + piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he measured them", "*baḥebel*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - with the cord/rope/measuring line", "*haškēb*": "hiphil infinitive construct - causing to lie down", "*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine plural suffix - them", "*ʾarṣâ*": "noun, feminine singular + directional hê - to the ground", "*wayəmaddēd*": "waw-consecutive + piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he measured", "*šənê*": "cardinal number, masculine construct - two", "*ḥăbālîm*": "noun, masculine plural - cords/lines/portions", "*ləhāmît*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to kill/put to death", "*məlōʾ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - fullness of", "*haḥebel*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the cord/line/portion", "*ləhaḥăyôt*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to let live/preserve alive", "*wattəhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and became", "*Môʾāb*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Moab", "*ləDāwid*": "preposition + proper noun - for/to David", "*laʿăbādîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - for servants", "*nōśəʾê*": "qal participle masculine plural construct - bearers of", "*minḥâ*": "noun, feminine singular - tribute/offering/gift" }, "variants": { "*ḥebel*": "measuring cord/line/rope/territory/portion/lot", "*məlōʾ haḥebel*": "full measure/full length of the line/one complete portion", "*haškēb ʾôtām ʾarṣâ*": "making them lie down on the ground/arranging them on the ground", "*ləhāmît*": "to kill/to put to death", "*ləhaḥăyôt*": "to let live/to spare alive", "*nōśəʾê minḥâ*": "bearers of tribute/bringers of gifts/offering bearers" } }
  • 2 Sam 8:14 : 14 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.8.14", "source": "וַיָּ֨שֶׂם בֶּאֱד֜וֹם נְצִבִ֗ים בְּכָל־אֱדוֹם֙ שָׂ֣ם נְצִבִ֔ים וַיְהִ֥י כָל־אֱד֖וֹם עֲבָדִ֣ים לְדָוִ֑ד וַיּ֤וֹשַׁע יְהוָה֙ אֶת־דָּוִ֔ד בְּכֹ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָלָֽךְ׃", "text": "And *wayyāśem* in *ʾĔdôm* *nəṣibîm* in all-*ʾĔdôm* *śām* *nəṣibîm* and *wayəhî* all-*ʾĔdôm* *ʿăbādîm* to *Dāwid* and *wayyôšaʿ* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*Dāwid* in all that he *hālāk*.", "grammar": { "*wayyāśem*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *śîm* - and he placed/set", "*beʾĔdôm*": "preposition + proper noun - in Edom", "*nəṣibîm*": "noun, masculine plural - garrisons/officials", "*bəkol*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in all", "*ʾĔdôm*": "proper noun - Edom", "*śām*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he placed/set", "*nəṣibîm*": "noun, masculine plural - garrisons/officials", "*wayəhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and became", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all", "*ʾĔdôm*": "proper noun - Edom", "*ʿăbādîm*": "noun, masculine plural - servants", "*ləDāwid*": "preposition + proper noun - to/for David", "*wayyôšaʿ*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *yāšaʿ* - and he saved/delivered", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*bəkōl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in all", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - that/which", "*hālāk*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he went" }, "variants": { "*nəṣibîm*": "garrisons/officials/governors/prefects", "*wayyôšaʿ*": "saved/delivered/gave victory to", "*ʿăbādîm*": "servants/slaves/subjects" } }
  • 2 Sam 21:15-22 : 15 { "verseID": "2Samuel.21.15", "source": "וַתְּהִי־ע֧וֹד מִלְחָמָ֛ה לַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיֵּ֨רֶד דָּוִ֜ד וַעֲבָדָ֥יו עִמּ֛וֹ וַיִלָּחֲמ֥וּ אֶת־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים וַיָּ֥עַף דָּוִֽד", "text": "And *wattĕhî*-more *milḥāmâ* to-the-*Pĕlištîm* *ʾet*-*Yiśrāʾēl*, and *wayyēred* *Dāwid* and-*ʿăbādāyw* with-him, and *wayyillāḥămû* *ʾet*-*Pĕlištîm*, and *wayyāʿap* *Dāwid*.", "grammar": { "*wattĕhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3fs - and there was", "*milḥāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - war/battle", "*Pĕlištîm*": "proper noun, plural - Philistines", "*ʾet*": "preposition - with", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wayyēred*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he went down", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*ʿăbādāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 3ms suffix - his servants", "*wayyillāḥămû*": "waw-consecutive + niphal imperfect 3mp - and they fought", "*wayyāʿap*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he grew weary" }, "variants": { "*wayyillāḥămû*": "they fought/they did battle", "*wayyāʿap*": "grew weary/became exhausted/fainted" } } 16 { "verseID": "2Samuel.21.16", "source": "*וישבו **וְיִשְׁבִּ֨י בְּנֹ֜ב אֲשֶׁ֣ר ׀ בִּילִידֵ֣י הָרָפָ֗ה וּמִשְׁקַ֤ל קֵינוֹ֙ שְׁלֹ֤שׁ מֵאוֹת֙ מִשְׁקַ֣ל נְחֹ֔שֶׁת וְה֖וּא חָג֣וּר חֲדָשָׁ֑ה וַיֹּ֖אמֶר לְהַכּ֥וֹת אֶת־דָּוִֽד", "text": "And *Yišbî* in-*Nōb*, who was among-*yĕlîdê* the-*hārāpâ*, and-*mišqal* *qênô* three hundred *mišqal* *nĕḥōšet*, and-he was-*ḥāgûr* *ḥădāšâ*, and *wayyōʾmer* to-*hakkôt* *ʾet*-*Dāwid*.", "grammar": { "*Yišbî*": "proper noun - Ishbi", "*Nōb*": "proper noun - Nob", "*yĕlîdê*": "qal passive participle masculine plural construct - offspring of", "*hārāpâ*": "proper noun with definite article - the Raphah", "*mišqal*": "noun, masculine singular construct - weight of", "*qênô*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 3ms suffix - his spear", "*mišqal*": "noun, masculine singular construct - weight of", "*nĕḥōšet*": "noun, feminine singular - bronze", "*ḥāgûr*": "qal passive participle - girded with", "*ḥădāšâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - new", "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he said/thought", "*hakkôt*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to strike", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David" }, "variants": { "*yĕlîdê* *hārāpâ*": "descendants of the Raphah/giants/Rephaim", "*ḥāgûr* *ḥădāšâ*": "girded with a new [sword/armor/weapon]", "*wayyōʾmer*": "he said/he thought/he intended" } } 17 { "verseID": "2Samuel.21.17", "source": "וַיַּֽעֲזָר־לוֹ֙ אֲבִישַׁ֣י בֶּן־צְרוּיָ֔ה וַיַּ֥ךְ אֶת־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י וַיְמִיתֵ֑הוּ אָ֣ז נִשְׁבְּעוּ֩ אַנְשֵׁי־דָוִ֨ד ל֜וֹ לֵאמֹ֗ר לֹא־תֵצֵ֨א ע֤וֹד אִתָּ֙נוּ֙ לַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה וְלֹ֥א תְכַבֶּ֖ה אֶת־נֵ֥ר יִשְׂרָאֵֽל", "text": "And *wayyaʿăzār*-to-him *ʾĂbîšay* *ben*-*Ṣĕrûyâ*, and *wayyak* *ʾet*-the-*Pĕlištî* and *wayĕmîtēhû*. Then *nišbĕʿû* *ʾanšê*-*Dāwid* to-him, *lēʾmōr*, \"Not-*tēṣēʾ* anymore with-us to-the-*milḥāmâ*, and-not *tĕkabbeh* *ʾet*-*nēr* *Yiśrāʾēl*.\"", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿăzār*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he helped", "*ʾĂbîšay*": "proper noun - Abishai", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*Ṣĕrûyâ*": "proper noun - Zeruiah", "*wayyak*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3ms - and he struck", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Pĕlištî*": "proper noun, singular - Philistine", "*wayĕmîtēhû*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3ms + 3ms suffix - and he killed him", "*nišbĕʿû*": "niphal perfect 3cp - they swore", "*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*lēʾmōr*": "qal infinitive construct - saying", "*tēṣēʾ*": "qal imperfect 2ms - you will go out", "*milḥāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - battle", "*tĕkabbeh*": "piel imperfect 2ms - you will extinguish", "*nēr*": "noun, masculine singular construct - lamp of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*nēr* *Yiśrāʾēl*": "lamp of Israel/light of Israel [metaphor for David/his leadership]", "*tĕkabbeh*": "extinguish/quench/put out" } } 18 { "verseID": "2Samuel.21.18", "source": "וַֽיְהִי֙ אַֽחֲרֵי־כֵ֔ן וַתְּהִי־ע֧וֹד הַמִּלְחָמָ֛ה בְּג֖וֹב עִם־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים אָ֣ז הִכָּ֗ה סִבְּכַי֙ הַחֻ֣שָׁתִ֔י אֶת־סַ֕ף אֲשֶׁ֖ר בִּילִדֵ֥י הָרָפָֽה", "text": "And *wayĕhî* after-that, and *wattĕhî*-again the-*milḥāmâ* at-*Gôb* with-*Pĕlištîm*; then *hikkâ* *Sibbĕkay* the-*Ḥušātî* *ʾet*-*Sap*, who was among-*yĕlîdê* the-*hārāpâ*.", "grammar": { "*wayĕhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and it happened", "*wattĕhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3fs - and there was", "*milḥāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the battle", "*Gôb*": "proper noun - Gob", "*Pĕlištîm*": "proper noun, plural - Philistines", "*hikkâ*": "hiphil perfect 3ms - he struck/killed", "*Sibbĕkay*": "proper noun - Sibbecai", "*Ḥušātî*": "gentilic adjective with definite article - the Hushathite", "*Sap*": "proper noun - Saph", "*yĕlîdê*": "qal passive participle masculine plural construct - offspring of", "*hārāpâ*": "proper noun with definite article - the Raphah" }, "variants": { "*yĕlîdê* *hārāpâ*": "descendants of the Raphah/giants/Rephaim" } } 19 { "verseID": "2Samuel.21.19", "source": "וַתְּהִי־ע֧וֹד הַמִּלְחָמָ֛ה בְּג֖וֹב עִם־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וַיַּ֡ךְ אֶלְחָנָן֩ בֶּן־יַעְרֵ֨י אֹרְגִ֜ים בֵּ֣ית הַלַּחְמִ֗י אֵ֚ת גָּלְיָ֣ת הַגִּתִּ֔י וְעֵ֣ץ חֲנִית֔וֹ כִּמְנ֖וֹר אֹרְגִֽים", "text": "And *wattĕhî*-again the-*milḥāmâ* at-*Gôb* with-*Pĕlištîm*; and *wayyak* *ʾElḥānān* *ben*-*Yaʿărê* *ʾōrĕgîm* *Bêt* the-*Laḥmî* *ʾēt* *Golyat* the-*Gittî*, and-*ʿēṣ* *ḥănîtô* was like-*mĕnôr* *ʾōrĕgîm*.", "grammar": { "*wattĕhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3fs - and there was", "*milḥāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the battle", "*Gôb*": "proper noun - Gob", "*Pĕlištîm*": "proper noun, plural - Philistines", "*wayyak*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3ms - and he struck", "*ʾElḥānān*": "proper noun - Elhanan", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*Yaʿărê*": "proper noun - Jaare", "*ʾōrĕgîm*": "qal participle masculine plural - weavers", "*Bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*Laḥmî*": "proper noun with definite article - the Lehmite", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*Golyat*": "proper noun - Goliath", "*Gittî*": "gentilic adjective with definite article - the Gittite", "*ʿēṣ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - shaft of", "*ḥănîtô*": "noun, feminine singular construct + 3ms suffix - his spear", "*mĕnôr*": "noun, masculine singular construct - beam of", "*ʾōrĕgîm*": "qal participle masculine plural - weavers" }, "variants": { "*Yaʿărê* *ʾōrĕgîm*": "Jaare-oregim/possibly 'forests of weavers'/professional title", "*mĕnôr* *ʾōrĕgîm*": "weaver's beam/rod in a loom" } } 20 { "verseID": "2Samuel.21.20", "source": "וַתְּהִי־ע֥וֹד מִלְחָמָ֖ה בְּגַ֑ת וַיְהִ֣י ׀ אִ֣ישׁ *מדין **מָד֗וֹן וְאֶצְבְּעֹ֣ת יָדָיו֩ וְאֶצְבְּעֹ֨ת רַגְלָ֜יו שֵׁ֣שׁ וָשֵׁ֗שׁ עֶשְׂרִ֤ים וְאַרְבַּע֙ מִסְפָּ֔ר וְגַם־ה֖וּא יֻלַּ֥ד לְהָרָפָֽה", "text": "And *wattĕhî*-more *milḥāmâ* in-*Gat*, and *wayĕhî* *ʾîš* *mādôn*, and-*ʾeṣbĕʿōt* *yādāyw* and-*ʾeṣbĕʿōt* *raglāyw* six and-six, twenty and-four in-*mispār*, and-also-he *yullad* to-the-*hārāpâ*.", "grammar": { "*wattĕhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3fs - and there was", "*milḥāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - battle", "*Gat*": "proper noun - Gath", "*wayĕhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and there was", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*mādôn*": "noun, masculine singular (Ketiv: *mdyn*) - stature/contention", "*ʾeṣbĕʿōt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - fingers of", "*yādāyw*": "noun, feminine dual construct + 3ms suffix - his hands", "*raglāyw*": "noun, feminine dual construct + 3ms suffix - his feet", "*mispār*": "noun, masculine singular - number", "*yullad*": "pual perfect 3ms - he was born", "*hārāpâ*": "proper noun with definite article - the Raphah" }, "variants": { "*mādôn*": "stature/great size/contention", "*yullad* to-the-*hārāpâ*": "was born to the Raphah/was of giant descent" } } 21 { "verseID": "2Samuel.21.21", "source": "וַיְחָרֵ֖ף אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיַּכֵּ֙הוּ֙ יְה֣וֹנָתָ֔ן בֶּן־*שמעי **שִׁמְעָ֖ה אֲחִ֥י דָוִֽד", "text": "And *wayĕḥārēp* *ʾet*-*Yiśrāʾēl*, and *wayyakkēhû* *Yĕhônātān* *ben*-*Šimʿâ* *ʾăḥî* *Dāwid*.", "grammar": { "*wayĕḥārēp*": "waw-consecutive + piel imperfect 3ms - and he taunted", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wayyakkēhû*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3ms + 3ms suffix - and he struck him", "*Yĕhônātān*": "proper noun - Jonathan", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*Šimʿâ*": "proper noun (Ketiv: *šmʿy*) - Shimea", "*ʾăḥî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - brother of", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David" }, "variants": { "*wayĕḥārēp*": "taunted/defied/reproached" } } 22 { "verseID": "2Samuel.21.22", "source": "אֶת־אַרְבַּ֥עַת אֵ֛לֶּה יֻלְּד֥וּ לְהָרָפָ֖ה בְּגַ֑ת וַיִּפְּל֥וּ בְיַד־דָּוִ֖ד וּבְיַ֥ד עֲבָדָֽיו", "text": "*ʾet*-four *ʾēlleh* *yullĕdû* to-the-*hārāpâ* in-*Gat*, and *wayyippĕlû* by-*yad*-*Dāwid* and-by-*yad* *ʿăbādāyw*.", "grammar": { "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun - these", "*yullĕdû*": "pual perfect 3cp - they were born", "*hārāpâ*": "proper noun with definite article - the Raphah", "*Gat*": "proper noun - Gath", "*wayyippĕlû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3mp - and they fell", "*yad*": "noun, feminine singular construct - hand of", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*ʿăbādāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 3ms suffix - his servants" }, "variants": { "*wayyippĕlû* by-*yad*": "they fell by the hand of/they were killed by", "*yullĕdû* to-the-*hārāpâ*": "were born to the Raphah/were of giant descent" } }
  • 1 Chr 18:1-2 : 1 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.18.1", "source": "וַיְהִי֙ אַחֲרֵי־כֵ֔ן וַיַּ֥ךְ דָּוִ֛יד אֶת־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים וַיַּכְנִיעֵ֑ם וַיִּקַּ֛ח אֶת־גַּ֥ת וּבְנֹתֶ֖יהָ מִיַּ֥ד פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים", "text": "*wə-yəhî* after this, *wə-yak* *Dāwid* *ʾet*-*Pəlištîm* *wə-yaknîʿēm* and *wə-yiqqaḥ* *ʾet*-*Gat* and *bənôtêhā* from hand of *Pəlištîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-yəhî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3ms - and it came to pass/happened", "*aḥărê-kēn*": "preposition + adverb - after this/afterward", "*wə-yak*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect 3ms - and he struck/defeated", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Pəlištîm*": "proper noun, plural - Philistines", "*wə-yaknîʿēm*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect 3ms + 3mp suffix - and he subdued/humbled them", "*wə-yiqqaḥ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3ms - and he took", "*Gat*": "proper noun - Gath", "*bənôtêhā*": "noun feminine plural construct + 3fs suffix - her daughters/surrounding villages", "*mî-yad*": "preposition + construct noun - from hand of/from power of", "*Pəlištîm*": "proper noun, plural - Philistines" }, "variants": { "*wə-yəhî*": "and it happened/came to pass/was", "*wə-yak*": "and he struck/smote/defeated", "*wə-yaknîʿēm*": "and he subdued/humbled/brought them low", "*bənôtêhā*": "her daughters/dependent towns/surrounding villages" } } 2 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.18.2", "source": "וַיַּ֖ךְ אֶת־מוֹאָ֑ב וַיִּהְי֤וּ מוֹאָב֙ עֲבָדִ֣ים לְדָוִ֔יד נֹשְׂאֵ֖י מִנְחָֽה", "text": "*wə-yak* *ʾet*-*Môʾāb* and *wə-yihyû* *Môʾāb* *ʿăbādîm* to-*Dāwid* *nōśʾê* *minḥâ*", "grammar": { "*wə-yak*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect 3ms - and he struck/defeated", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab", "*wə-yihyû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3mp - and they became", "*Môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab (collective singular)", "*ʿăbādîm*": "noun masculine plural - servants/slaves", "*lə-Dāwid*": "preposition + proper noun - to/for David", "*nōśʾê*": "qal participle masculine plural construct - bearers of", "*minḥâ*": "noun feminine singular - gift/tribute/offering" }, "variants": { "*wə-yak*": "and he struck/smote/defeated", "*ʿăbādîm*": "servants/slaves/vassals", "*nōśʾê minḥâ*": "bearers of tribute/bringing gifts/presenting offering" } }
  • 1 Chr 18:13 : 13 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.18.13", "source": "וַיָּ֤שֶׂם בֶּֽאֱדוֹם֙ נְצִיבִ֔ים וַיִּהְי֥וּ כָל־אֱד֖וֹם עֲבָדִ֣ים לְדָוִ֑יד וַיּ֤וֹשַׁע יְהוָה֙ אֶת־דָּוִ֔יד בְּכֹ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָלָֽךְ", "text": "*wə-yāśem* in-*ʾĔdôm* *nəṣîbîm* and *wə-yihyû* all-*ʾĔdôm* *ʿăbādîm* to-*Dāwid* and *wə-yôšaʿ* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*Dāwid* in-all which he-*hālāk*", "grammar": { "*wə-yāśem*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3ms - and he placed", "*be-ʾĔdôm*": "preposition + proper noun - in Edom", "*nəṣîbîm*": "noun masculine plural - garrisons/officials", "*wə-yihyû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3mp - and they became", "*kol-ʾĔdôm*": "noun + proper noun - all Edom", "*ʿăbādîm*": "noun masculine plural - servants", "*lə-Dāwid*": "preposition + proper noun - to David", "*wə-yôšaʿ*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect 3ms - and he saved", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*bə-kōl*": "preposition + noun - in all", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*hālāk*": "qal perfect 3ms - he went" }, "variants": { "*wə-yāśem*": "and he placed/set/stationed", "*nəṣîbîm*": "garrisons/officials/governors", "*wə-yihyû*": "and they became/were", "*ʿăbādîm*": "servants/slaves/vassals", "*wə-yôšaʿ*": "and he saved/delivered/gave victory", "*hālāk*": "went/walked/proceeded" } }
  • Ps 108:9-9 : 9 { "verseID": "Psalms.108.9", "source": "לִ֤י גִלְעָ֨ד ׀ לִ֤י מְנַשֶּׁ֗ה וְ֭אֶפְרַיִם מָע֣וֹז רֹאשִׁ֑י יְ֝הוּדָ֗ה מְחֹקְקִֽי", "text": "*lî* *gilʿād* *lî* *mᵊnaššeh* *wᵊʾep̄rayim* *māʿôz* *rōʾšî* *yᵊhûdāh* *mᵊḥōqᵊqî*", "grammar": { "*lî*": "preposition + 1st person singular pronominal suffix - to me/mine", "*gilʿād*": "proper noun - Gilead (place name)", "*lî*": "preposition + 1st person singular pronominal suffix - to me/mine", "*mᵊnaššeh*": "proper noun - Manasseh (tribal name)", "*wᵊʾep̄rayim*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Ephraim (tribal name)", "*māʿôz*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - stronghold/fortress of", "*rōʾšî*": "noun, masculine, singular + 1st person singular pronominal suffix - my head", "*yᵊhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah (tribal name)", "*mᵊḥōqᵊqî*": "noun, masculine, singular + 1st person singular pronominal suffix - my lawgiver/ruler" }, "variants": { "*lî*": "to me/mine/belonging to me", "*māʿôz*": "stronghold/fortress/helmet/protection", "*rōʾšî*": "my head/chief place", "*mᵊḥōqᵊqî*": "my lawgiver/ruler/scepter/commander" } } 10 { "verseID": "Psalms.108.10", "source": "מוֹאָ֤ב ׀ סִ֬יר רַחְצִ֗י עַל־אֱ֭דוֹם אַשְׁלִ֣יךְ נַעֲלִ֑י עֲלֵֽי־פְ֝לֶ֗שֶׁת אֶתְרוֹעָֽע", "text": "*môʾāḇ* *sîr* *raḥṣî* *ʿal-ʾĕdôm* *ʾašlîḵ* *naʿălî* *ʿălê-p̄ĕlešeṯ* *ʾeṯrôʿāʿ*", "grammar": { "*môʾāḇ*": "proper noun - Moab (nation name)", "*sîr*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - pot/basin of", "*raḥṣî*": "noun, masculine, singular + 1st person singular pronominal suffix - my washing", "*ʿal-ʾĕdôm*": "preposition + proper noun - upon Edom (nation name)", "*ʾašlîḵ*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular - I will cast/throw", "*naʿălî*": "noun, feminine, singular + 1st person singular pronominal suffix - my sandal", "*ʿălê-p̄ĕlešeṯ*": "preposition + proper noun - over Philistia (nation name)", "*ʾeṯrôʿāʿ*": "verb, hithpael imperfect, 1st person singular - I will shout in triumph" }, "variants": { "*sîr*": "pot/basin/washpot", "*raḥṣî*": "my washing/cleansing", "*ʾašlîḵ*": "I will cast/throw/toss", "*naʿălî*": "my sandal/shoe (symbol of possession or dominion)", "*ʾeṯrôʿāʿ*": "I will shout in triumph/shout aloud/give a victory cry" } }
  • Gen 25:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Genesis.25.23", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה לָ֗הּ שְׁנֵ֤י *גיים **גוֹיִם֙ בְּבִטְנֵ֔ךְ וּשְׁנֵ֣י לְאֻמִּ֔ים מִמֵּעַ֖יִךְ יִפָּרֵ֑דוּ וּלְאֹם֙ מִלְאֹ֣ם יֶֽאֱמָ֔ץ וְרַ֖ב יַעֲבֹ֥ד צָעִֽיר׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer* *yhwh* *lāh* *šənê* *gôyim* *bə-ḇiṭnēḵ* *û-šənê* *ləʾummîm* *mi-mēʿayiḵ* *yippārēḏû* *û-ləʾōm* *mi-ləʾōm* *yeʾĕmāṣ* *wə-raḇ* *yaʿăḇōḏ* *ṣāʿîr*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and said", "*yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH", "*lāh*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - to her", "*šənê*": "numeral, masculine dual construct - two of", "*gôyim*": "noun, masculine plural - nations", "*bə-ḇiṭnēḵ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - in your womb", "*û-šənê*": "waw conjunction + numeral, masculine dual construct - and two of", "*ləʾummîm*": "noun, masculine plural - peoples", "*mi-mēʿayiḵ*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - from your bowels", "*yippārēḏû*": "Niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - will be separated", "*û-ləʾōm*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and people", "*mi-ləʾōm*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - than people", "*yeʾĕmāṣ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will be stronger", "*wə-raḇ*": "waw conjunction + adjective, masculine singular - and greater", "*yaʿăḇōḏ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will serve", "*ṣāʿîr*": "adjective, masculine singular - younger" }, "variants": { "*gôyim*": "nations/peoples/gentiles", "*ləʾummîm*": "peoples/nations/tribes", "*yippārēḏû*": "will be separated/will be divided/will part", "*yeʾĕmāṣ*": "will be stronger/will prevail/will overpower", "*wə-raḇ* *yaʿăḇōḏ* *ṣāʿîr*": "and the older will serve the younger/and the greater will serve the lesser" } }
  • Gen 27:40 : 40 { "verseID": "Genesis.27.40", "source": "וְעַל־חַרְבְּךָ֣ תִֽחְיֶ֔ה וְאֶת־אָחִ֖יךָ תַּעֲבֹ֑ד וְהָיָה֙ כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר תָּרִ֔יד וּפָרַקְתָּ֥ עֻלּ֖וֹ מֵעַ֥ל צַוָּארֶֽךָ׃", "text": "And-upon-*ḥarbəḵā* *tiḥyeh* and-*ʾet-ʾāḥîḵā* *taʿăḇōd* and-*hāyāh* *kaʾăšer* *tārîd* and-*pāraqtā* *ʿullô* from-upon-*ṣawwāreḵā*", "grammar": { "*ḥarbəḵā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your sword", "*tiḥyeh*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you shall live", "*ʾet-ʾāḥîḵā*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your brother", "*taʿăḇōd*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you shall serve", "*hāyāh*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - it shall come to pass", "*kaʾăšer*": "conjunction + relative pronoun - when/as", "*tārîd*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you shall break loose/have dominion", "*pāraqtā*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you shall break off", "*ʿullô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his yoke", "*ṣawwāreḵā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your neck" }, "variants": { "*ḥarbəḵā*": "your sword/your violence/your fierceness", "*tiḥyeh*": "you shall live/you shall sustain yourself", "*taʿăḇōd*": "you shall serve/you shall be subject to", "*tārîd*": "you shall break loose/you shall have dominion/you shall become restless", "*pāraqtā*": "you shall break off/you shall cast off/you shall tear away" } }
  • Num 24:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Numbers.24.18", "source": "וְהָיָ֨ה אֱד֜וֹם יְרֵשָׁ֗ה וְהָיָ֧ה יְרֵשָׁ֛ה שֵׂעִ֖יר אֹיְבָ֑יו וְיִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל עֹ֥שֶׂה חָֽיִל׃", "text": "And *hāyāh* *ʾĕḏôm* *yərēšāh*, and *hāyāh* *yərēšāh* *Śēʿîr* his *ʾōyəḇāw*; and *Yiśrāʾēl* *ʿōśeh* *ḥāyil*.", "grammar": { "*hāyāh*": "qal perfect 3ms - 'he/it became'", "*ʾĕḏôm*": "proper noun - 'Edom'", "*yərēšāh*": "noun fs - 'possession'", "*Śēʿîr*": "proper noun - 'Seir'", "*ʾōyəḇāw*": "qal participle mp with 3ms suffix - 'his enemies'", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - 'Israel'", "*ʿōśeh*": "qal participle ms - 'doing/making'", "*ḥāyil*": "noun ms - 'strength/might/wealth'" }, "variants": { "*yərēšāh*": "possession/heritage/inheritance", "*ʿōśeh* *ḥāyil*": "doing valiantly/gaining power/showing strength", "*ḥāyil*": "strength/might/wealth/valor/army" } }
  • 2 Sam 5:17-25 : 17 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.5.17", "source": "וַיִּשְׁמְע֣וּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים כִּי־מָשְׁח֨וּ אֶת־דָּוִ֤ד לְמֶ֙לֶךְ֙ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיַּעֲל֥וּ כָל־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים לְבַקֵּ֣שׁ אֶת־דָּוִ֑ד וַיִּשְׁמַ֣ע דָּוִ֔ד וַיֵּ֖רֶד אֶל־הַמְּצוּדָֽה׃", "text": "*wə-yišməʿû* *pəlištîm* *kî*-*māšḥû* *ʾet*-*dāwid* for-*meleḵ* over-*yiśrāʾēl* *wə-yaʿălû* all-*pəlištîm* to-*ḇaqqēš* *ʾet*-*dāwid* *wə-yišmaʿ* *dāwid* *wə-yēred* to-the-*məṣûdāh*", "grammar": { "*wə-yišməʿû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they heard", "*pəlištîm*": "gentilic plural - Philistines", "*kî*": "conjunction - that/because", "*māšḥû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - they anointed", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular - king", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wə-yaʿălû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they went up", "*ḇaqqēš*": "Piel infinitive construct - to seek", "*wə-yišmaʿ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he heard", "*wə-yēred*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he went down", "*məṣûdāh*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the stronghold" }, "variants": { "*ḇaqqēš*": "to seek/to search for/to pursue", "*məṣûdāh*": "stronghold/fortress/citadel" } } 18 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.5.18", "source": "וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֖ים בָּ֑אוּ וַיִּנָּטְשׁ֖וּ בְּעֵ֥מֶק רְפָאִֽים׃", "text": "And-*pəlištîm* *bāʾû* *wə-yinnāṭəšû* in-*ʿēmeq* *rəpāʾîm*", "grammar": { "*pəlištîm*": "gentilic plural - Philistines", "*bāʾû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - they came", "*wə-yinnāṭəšû*": "conjunction + Niphal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they spread themselves", "*ʿēmeq*": "noun, masculine singular construct - valley of", "*rəpāʾîm*": "proper noun - Rephaim" }, "variants": { "*yinnāṭəšû*": "they spread themselves/they deployed/they dispersed" } } 19 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.5.19", "source": "וַיִּשְׁאַ֨ל דָּוִ֤ד בַּֽיהוָה֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר הַאֶֽעֱלֶה֙ אֶל־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים הֲתִתְּנֵ֖ם בְּיָדִ֑י וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֤ה אֶל־דָּוִד֙ עֲלֵ֔ה כִּֽי־נָתֹ֥ן אֶתֵּ֛ן אֶת־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים בְּיָדֶֽךָ׃", "text": "*wə-yišʾal* *dāwid* in-*YHWH* to say, *ha-ʾeʿĕleh* to-*pəlištîm* *hă-tittənēm* in-my hand? *wə-yōʾmer* *YHWH* to-*dāwid*, *ʿălēh* *kî*-*nātōn* *ʾettēn* *ʾet*-the-*pəlištîm* in-your hand", "grammar": { "*wə-yišʾal*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he inquired", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*YHWH*": "proper noun with preposition - in/of YHWH", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*ha-ʾeʿĕleh*": "interrogative particle + Qal imperfect 1st common singular - shall I go up?", "*pəlištîm*": "gentilic plural - Philistines", "*hă-tittənēm*": "interrogative particle + Qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - will you give them?", "*yādî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st common singular suffix - my hand", "*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʿălēh*": "Qal imperative masculine singular - go up!", "*nātōn ʾettēn*": "Qal infinitive absolute + Qal imperfect 1st common singular - I will certainly give", "*yādeḵā*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your hand" }, "variants": { "*nātōn ʾettēn*": "Hebrew idiom of repetition for emphasis: I will surely/certainly give" } } 20 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.5.20", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֨א דָוִ֥ד בְּבַֽעַל־פְּרָצִים֮ וַיַּכֵּ֣ם שָׁ֣ם דָּוִד֒ וַיֹּ֕אמֶר פָּרַ֨ץ יְהוָ֧ה אֶת־אֹיְבַ֛י לְפָנַ֖י כְּפֶ֣רֶץ מָ֑יִם עַל־כֵּ֗ן קָרָ֛א שֵֽׁם־הַמָּק֥וֹם הַה֖וּא בַּ֥עַל פְּרָצִֽים׃", "text": "*wə-yāḇōʾ* *dāwid* in-*baʿal*-*pərāṣîm* *wə-yakkēm* there *dāwid* *wə-yōʾmer*, *pāraṣ* *YHWH* *ʾet*-my enemies before-me like-*pereṣ* *māyim* upon-thus *qārāʾ* *šēm*-the-*māqôm* the-that *baʿal* *pərāṣîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-yāḇōʾ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he came", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*baʿal-pərāṣîm*": "proper noun - Baal Perazim", "*wə-yakkēm*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he struck them", "*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*pāraṣ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he broke through", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD", "*ʾōyəḇay*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st common singular suffix - my enemies", "*pānay*": "noun, common plural + 1st common singular suffix - my face/before me", "*pereṣ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - breakthrough of", "*māyim*": "noun, masculine plural - water", "*ʿal-kēn*": "conjunction - therefore", "*qārāʾ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he called", "*šēm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - name of", "*māqôm*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the place", "*ha-hûʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative - that" }, "variants": { "*baʿal pərāṣîm*": "Master/Lord of breakthroughs", "*pāraṣ*": "broke through/burst through/made a breach", "*pereṣ māyim*": "water breach/breakthrough of water/flood" } } 21 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.5.21", "source": "וַיַּעַזְבוּ־שָׁ֖ם אֶת־עֲצַבֵּיהֶ֑ם וַיִּשָּׂאֵ֥ם דָּוִ֖ד וַאֲנָשָֽׁיו׃ פ", "text": "*wə-yaʿazḇû*-there *ʾet*-*ʿăṣabbêhem* *wə-yiśśāʾēm* *dāwid* and-*ʾănāšāyw*", "grammar": { "*wə-yaʿazḇû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they left", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*ʿăṣabbêhem*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their idols", "*wə-yiśśāʾēm*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he carried them away", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*ʾănāšāyw*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his men", "*פ*": "paragraph marker" }, "variants": { "*ʿăṣabbêhem*": "their idols/their images/their gods" } } 22 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.5.22", "source": "וַיֹּסִ֥פוּ ע֛וֹד פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים לַֽעֲל֑וֹת וַיִּנָּֽטְשׁ֖וּ בְּעֵ֥מֶק רְפָאִֽים׃", "text": "*wə-yōsîpû* yet *pəlištîm* to-*laʿălôt* *wə-yinnāṭəšû* in-*ʿēmeq* *rəpāʾîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōsîpû*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they again/continued", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - still/yet/again", "*pəlištîm*": "gentilic plural - Philistines", "*laʿălôt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to go up", "*wə-yinnāṭəšû*": "conjunction + Niphal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they spread themselves", "*ʿēmeq*": "noun, masculine singular construct - valley of", "*rəpāʾîm*": "proper noun - Rephaim" }, "variants": { "*yōsîpû*": "they added/they again/they continued" } } 23 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.5.23", "source": "וַיִּשְׁאַ֤ל דָּוִד֙ בַּֽיהוָ֔ה וַיֹּ֖אמֶר לֹ֣א תַעֲלֶ֑ה הָסֵב֙ אֶל־אַ֣חֲרֵיהֶ֔ם וּבָ֥אתָ לָהֶ֖ם מִמּ֥וּל בְּכָאִֽים׃", "text": "*wə-yišʾal* *dāwid* in-*YHWH* *wə-yōʾmer* not *taʿăleh* *hāsēḇ* to-behind-them and-*ḇāʾtā* to-them from-opposite *bəḵāʾîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-yišʾal*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he inquired", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*YHWH*": "proper noun with preposition - in/of YHWH", "*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*taʿăleh*": "Qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you shall go up", "*hāsēḇ*": "Hiphil imperative masculine singular - go around", "*ʾaḥărêhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - behind them", "*ḇāʾtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you shall come", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them", "*mimmûl*": "preposition - opposite from", "*bəḵāʾîm*": "proper noun - Baca trees/mulberry trees" }, "variants": { "*hāsēḇ*": "circle around/go around/make a detour", "*bəḵāʾîm*": "balsam trees/mulberry trees/baca trees" } } 24 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.5.24", "source": "וִ֠יהִי *בשמעך **כְּֽשָׁמְעֲךָ֞ אֶת־ק֧וֹל צְעָדָ֛ה בְּרָאשֵׁ֥י הַבְּכָאִ֖ים אָ֣ז תֶּחֱרָ֑ץ כִּ֣י אָ֗ז יָצָ֤א יְהוָה֙ לְפָנֶ֔יךָ לְהַכּ֖וֹת בְּמַחֲנֵ֥ה פְלִשְׁתִּֽים׃", "text": "*wî-hî* when-*šāmʿăḵā* *ʾet*-sound of *ṣəʿādāh* in-*rāʾšê* the-*bəḵāʾîm* then *teḥĕrāṣ* *kî* then *yāṣāʾ* *YHWH* before-you to-*hakkôt* in-*maḥănēh* *pəlištîm*", "grammar": { "*wî-hî*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular jussive - and it shall be", "*kəšāmʿăḵā*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - when you hear", "*qôl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - sound of", "*ṣəʿādāh*": "noun, feminine singular - marching/stepping", "*rāʾšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - tops of", "*bəḵāʾîm*": "proper noun with definite article - the baca trees", "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then", "*teḥĕrāṣ*": "Qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you shall act decisively", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*yāṣāʾ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has gone out", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD", "*pāneḵā*": "noun, common plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your face/before you", "*hakkôt*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to strike", "*maḥănēh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - camp of", "*pəlištîm*": "gentilic plural - Philistines" }, "variants": { "*qôl ṣəʿādāh*": "sound of marching/sound of steps/rustling sound", "*teḥĕrāṣ*": "act decisively/bestir yourself/move quickly/be decisive" } } 25 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.5.25", "source": "וַיַּ֤עַשׂ דָּוִד֙ כֵּ֔ן כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוָּ֖הוּ יְהוָ֑ה וַיַּךְ֙ אֶת־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים מִגֶּ֖בַע עַד־בֹּאֲךָ֥ גָֽזֶר׃ פ", "text": "*wə-yaʿaś* *dāwid* thus, as *ṣiwwāhû* *YHWH* *wə-yak* *ʾet*-*pəlištîm* from-*geḇaʿ* until-your coming *gāzer*", "grammar": { "*wə-yaʿaś*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he did", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*kēn*": "adverb - thus/so", "*kaʾăšer*": "conjunction - as/just as", "*ṣiwwāhû*": "Piel perfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - he commanded him", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD", "*wə-yak*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he struck", "*pəlištîm*": "gentilic plural - Philistines", "*geḇaʿ*": "proper noun - Geba", "*ʿad-bōʾăḵā*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - until your coming", "*gāzer*": "proper noun - Gezer", "*פ*": "paragraph marker" }, "variants": { "*ʿad-bōʾăḵā*": "Hebrew idiom: all the way to/until you come to" } }