2 Samuel 11:14

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

The next morning, David wrote a letter to Joab and sent it with Uriah.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיְהִ֣י בַבֹּ֔קֶר וַיִּכְתֹּ֥ב דָּוִ֛ד סֵ֖פֶר אֶל־יוֹאָ֑ב וַיִּשְׁלַ֖ח בְּיַ֥ד אוּרִיָּֽה׃

Transliteration

wa-yhiy ba-bōqer and wa-yichtōb Dāwid sēfer ʾel-Yôʾāb and wa-yishlach bə-yad ʾÛrîyâ

Grammar Details

• *wa-yhiy*: consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it happened
• *ba-bōqer*: preposition bet + definite article + noun masculine singular - in the morning
• *wa-yichtōb*: consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he wrote
• *sēfer*: noun masculine singular - letter/document
• *ʾel-Yôʾāb*: preposition + proper noun - to Joab
• *wa-yishlach*: consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he sent
• *bə-yad*: preposition bet + noun feminine singular construct - by the hand of

Word Meanings

• *sēfer*: letter/document/scroll
• *bə-yad*: by the hand of/through/by means of

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And it came to pass in the morning, that David wrote a letter to Joab, and sent it by the hand of Uriah.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  In the morning it happened that David wrote a letter to Joab and sent it by the hand of Uriah.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And it came to pass in the morning, that David wrote a letter to Joab, and sent it by the hand of Uriah.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And it came to pass in the morning, that David wrote a letter to Joab, and sent it by the hand of Uriah.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And it came to pass in the morning, that David wrote a letter to Joab, and sent it by the hand of Uriah.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  On the morow wrote Dauid a letter vnto Ioab, & sent it by Vrias.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And on the morowe Dauid wrote a letter to Ioab, and sent it by the hand of Vriah.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  On the morowe Dauid wrote a letter to Ioab, and sent it by the hand of Urias.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ¶ And it came to pass in the morning, that David wrote a letter to Joab, and sent [it] by the hand of Uriah.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  It happened in the morning, that David wrote a letter to Joab, and sent it by the hand of Uriah.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And it cometh to pass in the morning, that David writeth a letter unto Joab, and sendeth by the hand of Uriah;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And it came to pass in the morning, that David wrote a letter to Joab, and sent it by the hand of Uriah.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And it came to pass in the morning, that David wrote a letter to Joab, and sent it by the hand of Uriah.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Now in the morning, David gave Uriah a letter to take to Joab.

• World English Bible (2000)

  It happened in the morning, that David wrote a letter to Joab, and sent it by the hand of Uriah.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  In the morning David wrote a letter to Joab and sent it with Uriah.

Referenced Verses

• 1 Kgs 21:8-9 : 8 So she wrote letters in Ahab’s name, sealed them with his seal, and sent them to the elders and nobles who lived in Naboth’s city. 9 In those letters she wrote, 'Proclaim a fast and seat Naboth in a prominent place among the people.' 10 Then seat two scoundrels opposite him and have them accuse him, saying, 'You have cursed God and the king.' Then take him out and stone him to death.
• Ps 19:13 : 13 Who can discern their own errors? Cleanse me from my hidden faults.
• Ps 52:2 : 2 When Doeg the Edomite came and reported to Saul, saying, 'David has gone to the house of Ahimelech.'
• Ps 62:9 : 9 Trust in Him at all times, you people; pour out your hearts to Him, for God is our refuge. Selah.
• Jer 9:1-4 : 1 If only I had a place to stay in the wilderness, a travelers' shelter, so that I might leave my people and go away from them. For they are all adulterers, a gathering of traitors. 2 They bend their tongues like a bow to shoot lies, not for truth do they grow strong in the land; they go from one evil to another, and they do not know me, declares the Lord. 3 Beware of your neighbor; do not trust even a brother. Every brother utterly deceives, and every friend spreads slander. 4 Each one deceives his neighbor, and they do not speak the truth. They have trained their tongues to speak lies and exhaust themselves with wrongdoing.
• Jer 17:9 : 9 The heart is deceitful above all things and incurable—who can understand it?
• Mic 7:3-5 : 3 Their hands are skilled at doing evil: the ruler demands gifts, the judge accepts bribes, and the powerful speak out their selfish desires. Together they weave a web of corrupt schemes. 4 The best of them is like a brier; the most upright is sharper than a thorn hedge. The day your watchmen foretold has come, the day of your visitation. Now confusion is upon them. 5 Do not trust a neighbor; put no confidence in a close friend. Guard the words of your mouth from her who lies in your embrace.