Isaiah 44:28

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

I say of Cyrus, 'He is my shepherd, and he will accomplish all that I please.' I say to Jerusalem, 'You will be rebuilt,' and to the temple, 'Your foundation will be laid.'

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

הָאֹמֵ֤ר לְכ֙וֹרֶשׁ֙ רֹעִ֔י וְכָל־חֶפְצִ֖י יַשְׁלִ֑ם וְלֵאמֹ֤ר לִירוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ תִּבָּנֶ֔ה וְהֵיכָ֖ל תִּוָּסֵֽד׃

Transliteration

hāʾōmēr ləḵôreš rōʿî wəḵāl-ḥep̄ṣî yašlim wəlēʾmōr lîrûšālaim tibbāneh wəhêḵāl tiwwāsēḏ

Grammar Details

• *hāʾōmēr*: definite article + verb, qal participle, masculine singular - the one saying
• *ləḵôreš*: preposition + proper noun - to Cyrus
• *rōʿî*: verb, qal participle, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my shepherd
• *wəḵāl-ḥep̄ṣî*: conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - and all my pleasure/desire
• *yašlim*: verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will fulfill
• *wəlēʾmōr*: conjunction + preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - and to say
• *lîrûšālaim*: preposition + proper noun - to Jerusalem
• *tibbāneh*: verb, niphal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she will be built
• *wəhêḵāl*: conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and temple
• *tiwwāsēḏ*: verb, niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it will be founded

Word Meanings

• *ḵôreš*: Cyrus (Persian king)
• *rōʿî*: my shepherd/my pastor/my herdsman
• *ḥep̄ṣî*: my pleasure/my desire/my purpose
• *yašlim*: he will fulfill/he will complete/he will accomplish
• *tibbāneh*: she will be built/she will be rebuilt/she will be established
• *hêḵāl*: temple/palace/sanctuary
• *tiwwāsēḏ*: it will be founded/it will be established/its foundation will be laid

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  That saith of Cyrus, He is my shepherd, and shall perform all my pleasure: even saying to Jerusalem, Thou shalt be built; and to the temple, Thy foundation shall be laid.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  Who says of Cyrus, He is my shepherd, and shall perform all my pleasure: even saying to Jerusalem, You shall be built; and to the temple, Your foundation shall be laid.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  That saith of Cyrus, He is my shepherd, and shall perform all my pleasure: even saying to Jerusalem, Thou shalt be built; and to the temple, Thy foundation shall be laid.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  That saith{H559} of Cyrus,{H3566} [He is] my shepherd,{H7462} and shall perform{H7999} all my pleasure,{H2656} even saying{H559} of Jerusalem,{H3389} She shall be built;{H1129} and of the temple,{H1964} Thy foundation shall be laid.{H3245}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  That saith{H559}{(H8802)} of Cyrus{H3566}, He is my shepherd{H7462}{(H8802)}, and shall perform{H7999}{(H8686)} all my pleasure{H2656}: even saying{H559}{(H8800)} to Jerusalem{H3389}, Thou shalt be built{H1129}{(H8735)}; and to the temple{H1964}, Thy foundation shall be laid{H3245}{(H8735)}.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  I saye to Cirus: thou art myne hyrd man, so that he shal fulfill all thinges after my will. I saye to Ierusalem: be thou buylded, and to the teple: be thou fast grounded.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  He saith to Cyrus, Thou art my shepheard: and he shall performe all my desire: saying also to Ierusalem, Thou shalt be built: and to the Temple, Thy foundation shall be surely layed.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  He saith of Cyrus, he is my heardman, so that he shall fulfill all thinges after my wyll: He saith also of Herusalem, it shalbe buylded, and of the temple, it shalbe fast grounded.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  That saith of Cyrus, [He is] my shepherd, and shall perform all my pleasure: even saying to Jerusalem, Thou shalt be built; and to the temple, Thy foundation shall be laid.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Who says of Cyrus, [He is] my shepherd, and shall perform all my pleasure, even saying of Jerusalem, She shall be built; and of the temple, Your foundation shall be laid.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  Who is saying of Cyrus, My shepherd, And all my delight He doth perfect, So as to say of Jerusalem, Thou art built, And of the temple, Thou art founded.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  That saith of Cyrus, `He is' my shepherd, and shall perform all my pleasure, even saying of Jerusalem, She shall be built; and of the temple, Thy foundation shall be laid.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  That saith of Cyrus, [He is] my shepherd, and shall perform all my pleasure, even saying of Jerusalem, She shall be built; and of the temple, Thy foundation shall be laid.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Who says of Cyrus, He will take care of my sheep, and will do all my pleasure: who says of Jerusalem, I will give the word for your building; and of the Temple, Your bases will be put in place.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Who says of Cyrus, 'He is my shepherd, and shall perform all my pleasure,' even saying of Jerusalem, 'She will be built;' and of the temple, 'Your foundation will be laid.'"

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  who commissions Cyrus, the one I appointed as shepherd to carry out all my wishes and to decree concerning Jerusalem,‘She will be rebuilt,’ and concerning the temple,‘It will be reconstructed.’”

Referenced Verses

• 2 Chr 36:22-Ezra 1:3 : 22 In the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, in order to fulfill the word of the LORD spoken by Jeremiah, the LORD stirred the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia to make a proclamation throughout his kingdom, and he also put it in writing: 23 This is what Cyrus king of Persia says: ‘The LORD, the God of heaven, has given me all the kingdoms of the earth and has appointed me to build a temple for Him at Jerusalem in Judah. Any of His people among you—may the LORD their God be with them, and let them go up.’ 1 In the first year of Cyrus, king of Persia, to fulfill the word of the LORD spoken through Jeremiah, the LORD stirred up the spirit of Cyrus, king of Persia. He made a proclamation throughout his kingdom and put it in writing, saying: 2 This is what Cyrus, king of Persia, says: 'The LORD, the God of heaven, has given me all the kingdoms of the earth, and He has appointed me to build Him a temple in Jerusalem, in Judah.' 3 Whoever among you belongs to His people, may their God be with them, and let them go up to Jerusalem, in Judah, and build the temple of the LORD, the God of Israel. He is the God who is in Jerusalem.
• Isa 45:13 : 13 I have raised him up in righteousness and I will make all his ways straight. He will rebuild my city and set my exiles free, not for a price or reward, says the LORD of Hosts.
• Isa 45:1 : 1 This is what the LORD says to His anointed one, to Cyrus, whose right hand I have strengthened to subdue nations before him and to strip kings of their armor, to open doors before him so that gates will not be shut.
• Isa 45:3 : 3 I will give you treasures hidden in darkness, and riches stored in secret places, so that you may know that I am the LORD, the God of Israel, who calls you by name.
• Isa 46:11 : 11 I call a bird of prey from the east, a man to fulfill My purpose from a distant land. I have spoken, and I will bring it to pass. I have planned it, and I will make it happen.
• Isa 48:14-15 : 14 Assemble, all of you, and listen! Who among them declared these things? The LORD loves him; He will carry out His purpose against Babylon, and His arm will be against the Chaldeans. 15 I, even I, have spoken; I have called him, I have brought him, and he will succeed in his mission.
• Isa 63:11 : 11 Then he remembered the days of old, Moses and his people: Where is the one who brought them up out of the sea, along with the shepherds of his flock? Where is the one who set his Holy Spirit among them,
• Dan 10:1 : 1 In the third year of Cyrus, king of Persia, a message was revealed to Daniel, who was called Belteshazzar. The message was true, and it concerned a great conflict. He understood the message and had insight into the vision.
• Ezra 6:3-9 : 3 In the first year of King Cyrus, King Cyrus issued a decree: The house of God in Jerusalem is to be rebuilt as a place where sacrifices are offered, with its foundations firmly laid. Its height is to be sixty cubits and its width sixty cubits. 4 It will have three layers of large stone and one layer of new timber. The cost will be paid from the royal treasury. 5 Also, the gold and silver articles of the house of God that Nebuchadnezzar took out of the temple in Jerusalem and brought to Babylon must be returned and brought back to the temple in Jerusalem, each to its rightful place, and deposited into the house of God. 6 Now then, Tattenai, governor of the region Beyond the River, Shethar-Bozenai, and your colleagues, the officials in the province Beyond the River, keep away from there. 7 Leave the work on this house of God alone. Let the governor of the Jews and the elders of the Jews rebuild this house of God on its original site. 8 Moreover, I issue a decree as to what you are to do for these elders of the Jews in the rebuilding of this house of God: The expenses are to be fully paid to these men from the royal treasury from the tributes of the region Beyond the River, so that the work is not hindered. 9 Whatever is needed—young bulls, rams, or lambs for burnt offerings to the God of heaven, as well as wheat, salt, wine, and oil, according to the request of the priests in Jerusalem—must be provided to them daily without fail. 10 So that they may offer pleasing offerings to the God of heaven and pray for the life of the king and his sons. 11 I also issue a decree that if anyone changes this edict, a beam shall be pulled out from his house. He shall be impaled upon it, and his house shall be made into a refuse heap for this violation. 12 May the God who has caused His name to dwell there overthrow any king or people who attempt to alter or destroy this house of God in Jerusalem. I, Darius, have issued this decree. Let it be done diligently. 13 Then Tattenai, governor of the region Beyond the River, Shethar-Bozenai, and their colleagues carried out the decree of King Darius with all diligence. 14 So the elders of the Jews continued building and succeeded through the prophesying of Haggai the prophet and Zechariah, the son of Iddo. They finished building according to the command of the God of Israel and the decrees of Cyrus, Darius, and Artaxerxes, kings of Persia. 15 This temple was completed on the third day of the month of Adar, in the sixth year of the reign of King Darius. 16 The people of Israel—the priests, the Levites, and the rest of the exiles—celebrated the dedication of this house of God with joy. 17 They offered for the dedication of this house of God one hundred bulls, two hundred rams, four hundred lambs, and twelve male goats as a sin offering for all Israel, according to the number of the tribes of Israel. 18 Then they appointed the priests in their divisions and the Levites in their groups for the service of God in Jerusalem, according to what is written in the Book of Moses.
• Ps 78:71-72 : 71 From tending the nursing ewes, He brought him to shepherd Jacob, His people, and Israel, His inheritance. 72 He shepherded them with a heart of integrity and guided them with the skillfulness of his hands.
• Isa 14:32 : 32 What answer will be given to the messengers of the nation? 'The LORD has established Zion, and in her, the afflicted of His people will find refuge.'
• Isa 42:15 : 15 I will lay waste the mountains and hills and dry up all their vegetation. I will turn rivers into islands and dry up the pools.