Judges 1:19

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

The LORD was with Judah, and they took possession of the hill country, but they could not drive out the inhabitants of the plains because they had iron chariots.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיְהִ֤י יְהוָה֙ אֶתּ־יְהוּדָ֔ה וַיֹּ֖רֶשׁ אֶת־הָהָ֑ר כִּ֣י לֹ֤א לְהוֹרִישׁ֙ אֶת־יֹשְׁבֵ֣י הָעֵ֔מֶק כִּי־רֶ֥כֶב בַּרְזֶ֖ל לָהֶֽם׃

Transliteration

And yəhî YHWH with yəhûdāh and yōreš the hāhār because not ləhôrîš the yōšəbê the hāʿēmeq because rekeb barzel to them.

Grammar Details

• *yəhî*: qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he was
• *YHWH*: proper noun, Yahweh/LORD
• *yəhûdāh*: proper noun, Judah
• *yōreš*: hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he took possession of/drove out
• *hāhār*: common noun, masculine singular with definite article - the mountain/hill country
• *ləhôrîš*: hiphil infinitive construct with preposition - to drive out/dispossess
• *yōšəbê*: qal participle, masculine plural construct - inhabitants of
• *hāʿēmeq*: common noun, masculine singular with definite article - the valley/plain
• *rekeb*: common noun, masculine singular - chariot(s)
• *barzel*: common noun, masculine singular - iron

Word Meanings

• *yəhî*: was/became with (indicating divine presence/help)
• *yōreš*: dispossessed/drove out/took possession of
• *hāhār*: hill country/mountain region
• *ləhôrîš*: to dispossess/drive out/take possession from
• *hāʿēmeq*: valley/lowland/plain
• *rekeb* *barzel*: iron chariots (military equipment)

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And the LORD was with Judah; and he drave out the inhabitants of the mountain; but could not drive out the inhabitants of the valley, because they had chariots of iron.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And the LORD was with Judah, and he drove out the inhabitants of the mountain, but could not drive out the inhabitants of the valley, because they had chariots of iron.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And the LORD was with Judah; and he drave out the inhabitants of the mountain; but could not drive out the inhabitants of the valley, because they had chariots of iron.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And Jehovah{H3068} was with Judah;{H3063} and drove out{H3423} [the inhabitants of] the hill-country;{H2022} for he could not{H3808} drive out{H3423} the inhabitants{H3427} of the valley,{H6010} because they had chariots{H7393} of iron.{H1270}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And the LORD{H3068} was with Judah{H3063}; and he drave out{H3423}{(H8686)} the inhabitants of the mountain{H2022}; but could not{H3808} drive out{H3423}{(H8687)} the inhabitants{H3427}{(H8802)} of the valley{H6010}, because they had chariots{H7393} of iron{H1270}.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And the LORDE was wt Iuda, so that he conquered the mountaynes: but them that dwelt in the valley coulde he not conquere, because they had yron charettes.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And the Lord was with Iudah, and he possessed the mountaines: for he could not driue out the inhabitantes of the valleis, because they had charrets of yron.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And the Lorde was with Iuda, and he conquered the mountaines: but could not dryue out the inhabitauntes of the valleyes, because they had charettes of iron.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And the LORD was with Judah; and he drave out [the inhabitants of] the mountain; but could not drive out the inhabitants of the valley, because they had chariots of iron.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Yahweh was with Judah; and drove out [the inhabitants of] the hill-country; for he could not drive out the inhabitants of the valley, because they had chariots of iron.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and Jehovah is with Judah, and he occupieth the hill-country, but not to dispossess the inhabitants of the valley, for they have chariots of iron.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And Jehovah was with Judah; and drove out `the inhabitants of' the hill-country; for he could not drive out the inhabitants of the valley, because they had chariots of iron.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And Jehovah was with Judah; and drove out [the inhabitants of] the hill-country; for he could not drive out the inhabitants of the valley, because they had chariots of iron.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And the Lord was with Judah; and he took the hill-country for his heritage; but he was unable to make the people of the valley go out, for they had war-carriages of iron.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Yahweh was with Judah; and drove out [the inhabitants of] the hill country; for he could not drive out the inhabitants of the valley, because they had chariots of iron.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  The LORD was with the men of Judah. They conquered the hill country, but they could not conquer the people living in the coastal plain, because they had chariots with iron-rimmed wheels.

Referenced Verses

• Judg 1:2 : 2 The LORD answered, "Judah shall go up. I have given the land into his hand."
• Judg 1:27-32 : 27 Manasseh did not drive out the inhabitants of Beth-shean and its surrounding villages, or Taanach and its surrounding villages, or the inhabitants of Dor and its surrounding villages, or the inhabitants of Ibleam and its surrounding villages, or the inhabitants of Megiddo and its surrounding villages. The Canaanites were determined to stay in this land. 28 When Israel became strong, they subjected the Canaanites to forced labor, but they did not completely drive them out. 29 Ephraim did not drive out the Canaanites living in Gezer; the Canaanites continued to live among them in Gezer. 30 Zebulun did not drive out the inhabitants of Kitron or the inhabitants of Nahalol. The Canaanites continued to live among them, but they were subjected to forced labor. 31 Asher did not drive out the inhabitants of Acco, Sidon, Ahlab, Achzib, Helbah, Aphik, or Rehob. 32 The Asherites lived among the Canaanites, the inhabitants of the land, because they did not drive them out.
• Judg 6:12-13 : 12 The angel of the Lord appeared to him and said, 'The Lord is with you, mighty warrior.' 13 Gideon said to him, 'Please, my lord, if the Lord is with us, why has all this happened to us? And where are all his wonders that our ancestors told us about, saying, ‘Did the Lord not bring us up from Egypt?’ But now the Lord has abandoned us and handed us over to Midian.'
• 2 Sam 5:10 : 10 David continued to grow in power, and the LORD God of hosts was with him.
• 2 Kgs 18:7 : 7 The LORD was with him; wherever he went, he succeeded. He rebelled against the king of Assyria and did not serve him.
• Ps 46:7 : 7 Nations rage, kingdoms totter; He lifts His voice, the earth melts.
• Ps 46:9 : 9 Come, see the works of the LORD, who has brought desolation upon the earth.
• Ps 46:11 : 11 Be still, and know that I am God; I will be exalted among the nations, I will be exalted in the earth.
• Ps 60:12 : 12 Is it not you, O God, who have rejected us and who do not go out with our armies?
• Eccl 9:11 : 11 Again I saw under the sun that the race is not to the swift, nor the battle to the strong, nor does bread come to the wise, nor riches to the discerning, nor favor to the knowledgeable; but time and chance happen to them all.
• Isa 7:14 : 14 Therefore the Lord himself will give you a sign: The virgin will conceive and give birth to a son, and will call him Immanuel.
• Isa 8:10 : 10 Devise your plans, but they will be thwarted; issue your orders, but they will not stand, for God is with us.
• Isa 41:10 : 10 Do not fear, for I am with you; do not be dismayed, for I am your God. I will strengthen you; indeed, I will help you; I will uphold you with my righteous right hand.
• Isa 41:14-15 : 14 Do not be afraid, you worm Jacob, little Israel. I myself will help you, declares the Lord, your Redeemer, the Holy One of Israel. 15 See, I will make you into a sharp threshing sledge, new and covered with many blades. You will thresh the mountains and crush them and reduce the hills to chaff.
• Matt 1:23 : 23 'Behold, the virgin will conceive and give birth to a son, and they will call him Emmanuel' (which means, 'God with us').
• Matt 14:30-31 : 30 But when he saw the strong wind, he was afraid, and starting to sink, he cried out, 'Lord, save me!' 31 Immediately, Jesus reached out His hand, caught him, and said, 'You of little faith, why did you doubt?'
• Matt 17:19-20 : 19 Then the disciples came to Jesus privately and asked, 'Why couldn’t we drive it out?' 20 He replied, 'Because you have so little faith. Truly I tell you, if you have faith as small as a mustard seed, you can say to this mountain, ‘Move from here to there,’ and it will move. Nothing will be impossible for you.'
• Rom 8:31 : 31 What then shall we say in response to these things? If God is for us, who can be against us?
• Phil 4:13 : 13 I can do all things through Christ who strengthens me.
• Gen 39:2 : 2 The LORD was with Joseph, and he became a successful man, serving in the house of his Egyptian master.
• Gen 39:21 : 21 But the LORD was with Joseph and showed him kindness, granting him favor in the eyes of the prison warden.
• Exod 14:7-9 : 7 He took six hundred of the best chariots, as well as all the other chariots of Egypt, with officers in charge of all of them. 8 The LORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh, the king of Egypt, so that he pursued the Israelites, who were marching out boldly. 9 The Egyptians pursued them—all Pharaoh’s horses and chariots, his horsemen, and his army—and they overtook them as they camped by the sea, near Pi-hahiroth, opposite Baal Zephon. 10 As Pharaoh approached, the Israelites looked up, and there were the Egyptians marching after them! They were terrified and cried out to the LORD. 11 They said to Moses, “Was it because there were no graves in Egypt that you brought us to die in the wilderness? What have you done to us by bringing us out of Egypt? 12 Isn't this what we told you in Egypt, saying, 'Leave us alone so we can serve the Egyptians'? It would have been better for us to serve the Egyptians than to die in the wilderness. 13 Moses answered the people, “Do not be afraid. Stand firm, and you will see the LORD's salvation, which He will accomplish for you today. The Egyptians you see today, you will never see again forever. 14 The LORD will fight for you; you need only to remain silent. 15 Then the LORD said to Moses, “Why are you crying out to me? Tell the Israelites to move forward. 16 As for you, lift up your staff, stretch out your hand over the sea, and divide it, so the Israelites can go through the sea on dry ground. 17 I am going to harden the hearts of the Egyptians so they will pursue them. I will gain glory through Pharaoh, his entire army, his chariots, and his horsemen. 18 The Egyptians will know that I am the LORD when I gain glory through Pharaoh, his chariots, and his horsemen. 19 The angel of God, who had been going ahead of Israel's camp, withdrew and moved behind them. The pillar of cloud also moved from in front and stood behind them. 20 It came between the camp of the Egyptians and the camp of Israel. There was a cloud and darkness, yet it lit up the night, and neither side approached the other all night long. 21 Then Moses stretched out his hand over the sea, and the LORD drove the sea back with a strong east wind all night and turned it into dry land. The waters were divided. 22 The Israelites went through the sea on dry ground, with the waters forming a wall for them on their right and on their left. 23 The Egyptians pursued them—all Pharaoh's horses, chariots, and horsemen—and went into the sea after them. 24 During the last watch of the night, the LORD looked down on the Egyptian army from the pillar of fire and cloud and threw it into confusion. 25 He caused the wheels of their chariots to come off so that they moved with difficulty. The Egyptians said, 'Let’s get away from Israel! The LORD is fighting for them against Egypt.' 26 Then the LORD said to Moses, 'Stretch out your hand over the sea so that the waters may flow back over the Egyptians, their chariots, and their horsemen.' 27 Moses stretched out his hand over the sea, and at daybreak, the sea returned to its normal state. The Egyptians were fleeing toward it, but the LORD swept them into the sea. 28 The waters flowed back and covered the chariots and horsemen—the entire army of Pharaoh that had chased the Israelites into the sea. Not one of them survived. 29 But the Israelites walked through the sea on dry ground, with the waters forming a wall for them on their right and on their left. 30 On that day, the LORD saved Israel from the hand of the Egyptians, and Israel saw the Egyptians lying dead on the shore. 31 When Israel saw the mighty hand of the LORD displayed against the Egyptians, the people feared the LORD and put their trust in Him and in Moses, His servant.
• Josh 1:5 : 5 No one will be able to stand against you all the days of your life. Just as I was with Moses, so I will be with you. I will never leave you nor abandon you.
• Josh 1:9 : 9 Have I not commanded you? Be strong and courageous. Do not be afraid or discouraged, for the LORD your God is with you wherever you go.”
• Josh 7:12 : 12 That is why the Israelites cannot stand against their enemies; they turn their backs and run because they have been made liable to destruction. I will not be with you anymore unless you destroy whatever among you is devoted to destruction.
• Josh 11:1-9 : 1 When Jabin, king of Hazor, heard about this, he sent word to Jobab, king of Madon, and to the kings of Shimron and Achshaph. 2 He also sent to the kings who were in the northern hill country, in the Arabah plain south of Kinneroth, in the lowland, and in the heights of Dor near the sea. 3 These included the Canaanites in the east and west, the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, and Jebusites in the hill country, and the Hivites under Mount Hermon in the land of Mizpah. 4 They came out with all their armies, a vast number of people as numerous as the sand on the seashore, along with a large number of horses and chariots. 5 All these kings joined forces and came together to camp at the waters of Merom to fight against Israel. 6 The LORD said to Joshua, 'Do not be afraid of them, for by this time tomorrow I will deliver all of them slain before Israel. You are to hamstring their horses and burn their chariots in the fire.' 7 So Joshua and all his warriors came against them suddenly at the waters of Merom and attacked them. 8 The LORD gave them into the hand of Israel, who struck them down and pursued them as far as Greater Sidon, Misrephoth Maim, and the valley of Mizpeh to the east. They struck them down until no survivors remained. 9 Joshua did to them as the LORD had instructed: he hamstrung their horses and burned their chariots in the fire.
• Josh 14:12 : 12 So now give me this hill country the LORD promised me on that day. You yourself heard then that the Anakim are there and their cities are large and fortified. Perhaps the LORD will be with me, and I will drive them out as the LORD said.
• Josh 17:16-18 : 16 The descendants of Joseph replied, 'The hill country is not enough for us, and all the Canaanites who live in the valley have iron chariots, both those in Beth-shean and its surrounding villages and those in the Valley of Jezreel.' 17 Then Joshua said to the house of Joseph—to Ephraim and Manasseh: 'You are a numerous people and strong. You shall not have just one allotment of land,' 18 but the hill country shall be yours. Though it is a forest, you can clear it, and its farthest limits shall be yours. You will drive out the Canaanites, even though they have iron chariots and are strong.