15 {
"verseID": "2 Samuel.10.15",
"source": "וַיַּ֣רְא אֲרָ֔ם כִּ֥י נִגַּ֖ף לִפְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיֵּאָסְפ֖וּ יָֽחַד׃",
"text": "And *wayyarʾ* *ʾărām* that *kî* *niggap* before *lipnê* *yiśrāʾēl* and *wayyēʾāspû* together *yāḥad*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyarʾ*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect 3ms - and he saw",
"*ʾărām*": "proper name - Aram",
"*kî*": "conjunction - that",
"*niggap*": "niphal perfect 3ms - he was defeated/smitten",
"*lipnê*": "preposition with masculine plural construct - before",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - Israel",
"*wayyēʾāspû*": "waw-consecutive with niphal imperfect 3mp - and they gathered themselves",
"*yāḥad*": "adverb - together"
},
"variants": {
"*niggap*": "was defeated/was smitten/was struck down",
"*wayyēʾāspû*": "they gathered themselves/they assembled"
}
}
16 {
"verseID": "2 Samuel.10.16",
"source": "וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח הֲדַדְעֶ֗זֶר וַיֹּצֵ֤א אֶת־אֲרָם֙ אֲשֶׁר֙ מֵעֵ֣בֶר הַנָּהָ֔ר וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ חֵילָ֑ם וְשׁוֹבַ֛ךְ שַׂר־צְבָ֥א הֲדַדְעֶ֖זֶר לִפְנֵיהֶֽם׃",
"text": "And *wayyišlaḥ* *hădadʿezer* and *wayyōṣēʾ* *ʾet-ʾărām* that *ʾăšer* from-across *mēʿēber* the-river *hannāhār* and *wayyābōʾû* *ḥêlām* and *wəšôbak* *śar-ṣəbāʾ* *hădadʿezer* before-them *lipnêhem*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyišlaḥ*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect 3ms - and he sent",
"*hădadʿezer*": "proper name - Hadadezer",
"*wayyōṣēʾ*": "waw-consecutive with hiphil imperfect 3ms - and he brought out",
"*ʾet-ʾărām*": "direct object marker with proper name - Aram",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - that/which",
"*mēʿēber*": "preposition with masculine singular construct - from across",
"*hannāhār*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the river",
"*wayyābōʾû*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect 3mp - and they came",
"*ḥêlām*": "proper name or common noun - Helam/their army",
"*wəšôbak*": "conjunction with proper name - and Shobach",
"*śar-ṣəbāʾ*": "masculine singular construct with masculine singular noun - commander of the army",
"*hădadʿezer*": "proper name - Hadadezer",
"*lipnêhem*": "preposition with masculine plural noun with 3mp suffix - before them"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyōṣēʾ*": "and he brought out/and he summoned",
"*ḥêlām*": "Helam (place name)/their army/their force",
"*śar-ṣəbāʾ*": "commander of the army/army commander"
}
}
17 {
"verseID": "2 Samuel.10.17",
"source": "וַיֻּגַּ֣ד לְדָוִ֗ד ס וַיֶּאֱסֹ֤ף אֶת־כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וַיַּעֲבֹ֣ר אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן וַיָּבֹ֖א חֵלָ֑אמָה וַיַּעַרְכ֤וּ אֲרָם֙ לִקְרַ֣את דָּוִ֔ד וַיִּלָּחֲמ֖וּ עִמּֽוֹ׃",
"text": "And *wayyuggad* to-*dāwid* and *wayyeʾĕsōp* *ʾet-kol-yiśrāʾēl* and *wayyaʿăbōr* *ʾet-hayyardēn* and *wayyābōʾ* *ḥēlāʾmāh* and *wayyaʿarkû* *ʾărām* toward *liqraʾt* *dāwid* and *wayyillāḥămû* with-him *ʿimmô*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyuggad*": "waw-consecutive with hophal imperfect 3ms - and it was told",
"*dāwid*": "proper name - David",
"*wayyeʾĕsōp*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect 3ms - and he gathered",
"*ʾet-kol-yiśrāʾēl*": "direct object marker with construct and proper name - all Israel",
"*wayyaʿăbōr*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect 3ms - and he crossed over",
"*ʾet-hayyardēn*": "direct object marker with definite article and proper name - the Jordan",
"*wayyābōʾ*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect 3ms - and he came",
"*ḥēlāʾmāh*": "proper name - to Helam",
"*wayyaʿarkû*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect 3mp - and they arranged themselves",
"*ʾărām*": "proper name - Aram",
"*liqraʾt*": "preposition with qal infinitive construct - to meet/against",
"*dāwid*": "proper name - David",
"*wayyillāḥămû*": "waw-consecutive with niphal imperfect 3mp - and they fought",
"*ʿimmô*": "preposition with 3ms suffix - with him"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyuggad*": "and it was told/and it was reported",
"*wayyaʿarkû*": "and they arranged themselves/and they drew up in battle formation"
}
}
18 {
"verseID": "2 Samuel.10.18",
"source": "וַיָּ֣נָס אֲרָם֮ מִפְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵל֒ וַיַּהֲרֹ֨ג דָּוִ֜ד מֵאֲרָ֗ם שְׁבַ֤ע מֵאוֹת֙ רֶ֔כֶב וְאַרְבָּעִ֥ים אֶ֖לֶף פָּרָשִׁ֑ים וְאֵ֨ת שׁוֹבַ֧ךְ שַׂר־צְבָא֛וֹ הִכָּ֖ה וַיָּ֥מָת שָֽׁם׃",
"text": "And *wayyānās* *ʾărām* from-before *mippənê* *yiśrāʾēl* and *wayyahărōg* *dāwid* from-*mēʾărām* seven *šəbaʿ* hundred *mēʾôt* *rekeb* and-forty *wəʾarbāʿîm* thousand *ʾelep* *pārāšîm* and *wəʾēt* *šôbak* *śar-ṣəbāʾô* *hikkāh* and *wayyāmāt* there *šām*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyānās*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect 3ms - and he fled",
"*ʾărām*": "proper name - Aram",
"*mippənê*": "preposition with masculine plural construct - from before",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - Israel",
"*wayyahărōg*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect 3ms - and he killed",
"*dāwid*": "proper name - David",
"*mēʾărām*": "preposition with proper name - from Aram",
"*šəbaʿ*": "cardinal number - seven",
"*mēʾôt*": "feminine plural - hundred",
"*rekeb*": "masculine singular - chariots",
"*wəʾarbāʿîm*": "conjunction with cardinal number - and forty",
"*ʾelep*": "masculine singular - thousand",
"*pārāšîm*": "masculine plural noun - horsemen",
"*wəʾēt*": "conjunction with direct object marker - and",
"*šôbak*": "proper name - Shobach",
"*śar-ṣəbāʾô*": "masculine singular construct with masculine singular noun with 3ms suffix - commander of his army",
"*hikkāh*": "hiphil perfect 3ms - he struck",
"*wayyāmāt*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect 3ms - and he died",
"*šām*": "adverb - there"
},
"variants": {
"*rekeb*": "chariots/chariot soldiers",
"*pārāšîm*": "horsemen/cavalry"
}
}
19 {
"verseID": "2 Samuel.10.19",
"source": "וַיִּרְא֨וּ כָֽל־הַמְּלָכִ֜ים עַבְדֵ֣י הֲדַדְעֶ֗זֶר כִּ֤י נִגְּפוּ֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיַּשְׁלִ֥מוּ אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל וַיַּֽעַבְד֑וּם וַיִּֽרְא֣וּ אֲרָ֔ם לְהוֹשִׁ֥יעַ ע֖וֹד אֶת־בְּנֵ֥י עַמּֽוֹן׃ פ",
"text": "And *wayyirʾû* all-*kol-hamməlākîm* *ʿabdê* *hădadʿezer* that *kî* *niggəpû* before *lipnê* *yiśrāʾēl* and *wayyašlimû* *ʾet-yiśrāʾēl* and *wayyaʿabdûm* and *wayyirʾû* *ʾărām* to-*ləhôšîaʿ* any more *ʿôd* *ʾet-bənê* *ʿammôn*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyirʾû*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect 3mp - and they saw",
"*kol-hamməlākîm*": "construct with definite article and masculine plural noun - all the kings",
"*ʿabdê*": "masculine plural construct - servants of",
"*hădadʿezer*": "proper name - Hadadezer",
"*kî*": "conjunction - that",
"*niggəpû*": "niphal perfect 3cp - they were defeated",
"*lipnê*": "preposition with masculine plural construct - before",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - Israel",
"*wayyašlimû*": "waw-consecutive with hiphil imperfect 3mp - and they made peace with",
"*ʾet-yiśrāʾēl*": "direct object marker with proper name - Israel",
"*wayyaʿabdûm*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect 3mp with 3mp suffix - and they served them",
"*wayyirʾû*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect 3mp - and they feared",
"*ʾărām*": "proper name - Aram",
"*ləhôšîaʿ*": "preposition with hiphil infinitive construct - to help/save",
"*ʿôd*": "adverb - still/any more",
"*ʾet-bənê*": "direct object marker with masculine plural construct - sons of",
"*ʿammôn*": "proper name - Ammon"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyašlimû*": "they made peace with/they surrendered to",
"*wayyirʾû*": "they feared/they were afraid",
"*ləhôšîaʿ*": "to help/to save/to deliver"
}
}