2 Chronicles 20:10

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.10", "source": "וְעַתָּ֡ה הִנֵּה֩ בְנֵֽי־עַמּ֨וֹן וּמוֹאָ֜ב וְהַר־שֵׂעִ֗יר אֲ֠שֶׁר לֹֽא־נָתַ֤תָּה לְיִשְׂרָאֵל֙ לָב֣וֹא בָהֶ֔ם בְּבֹאָ֖ם מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם כִּ֛י סָ֥רוּ מֵעֲלֵיהֶ֖ם וְלֹ֥א הִשְׁמִידֽוּם׃", "text": "And now *wəʿattâ* behold *hinnēh* sons-of *bənê*-*ʿammôn* and Moab *ûmôʾāb* and Mount *wəhar*-*śēʿîr*, whom *ʾăšer* not *lōʾ*-*nātattâ* to Israel *ləyiśrāʾēl* to enter *lābôʾ* in them *bāhem* in their coming *bəbōʾām* from land-of *mēʾereṣ* Egypt *miṣrāyim*, for *kî* they turned aside *sārû* from them *mēʿălêhem* and not *wəlōʾ* *hišmîdûm*.", "grammar": { "*wəʿattâ*": "waw-conjunction + adverb - and now", "*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look", "*bənê*": "construct masculine plural noun - sons of", "*ʿammôn*": "proper name - Ammon", "*ûmôʾāb*": "waw-conjunction + proper name - and Moab", "*wəhar*": "waw-conjunction + construct masculine singular noun - and mountain of", "*śēʿîr*": "proper name - Seir", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/which/that", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*nātattâ*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you gave", "*ləyiśrāʾēl*": "preposition *lə* + proper name - to Israel", "*lābôʾ*": "preposition *lə* + qal infinitive construct - to enter", "*bāhem*": "preposition *bə* + 3rd masculine plural suffix - in/among them", "*bəbōʾām*": "preposition *bə* + qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine plural suffix - in their coming", "*mēʾereṣ*": "preposition *min* + construct feminine singular noun - from land of", "*miṣrāyim*": "proper name - Egypt", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*sārû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they turned aside", "*mēʿălêhem*": "preposition *min* + preposition *ʿal* + 3rd masculine plural suffix - from upon them/from them", "*wəlōʾ*": "waw-conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*hišmîdûm*": "hiphil perfect 3rd common plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - they destroyed them" }, "variants": { "*sārû*": "they turned aside/departed/avoided", "*hišmîdûm*": "they destroyed them/exterminated them/annihilated them", "*har-śēʿîr*": "Mount Seir (region of Edom)" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְעַתָּ֡ה הִנֵּה֩ בְנֵֽי־עַמּ֨וֹן וּמוֹאָ֜ב וְהַר־שֵׂעִ֗יר אֲ֠שֶׁר לֹֽא־נָתַ֤תָּה לְיִשְׂרָאֵל֙ לָב֣וֹא בָהֶ֔ם בְּבֹאָ֖ם מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם כִּ֛י סָ֥רוּ מֵעֲלֵיהֶ֖ם וְלֹ֥א הִשְׁמִידֽוּם׃

Transliteration

And now wəʿattâ behold hinnēh sons-of bənê-ʿammôn and Moab ûmôʾāb and Mount wəhar-śēʿîr, whom ʾăšer not lōʾ-nātattâ to Israel ləyiśrāʾēl to enter lābôʾ in them bāhem in their coming bəbōʾām from land-of mēʾereṣ Egypt miṣrāyim, for kî they turned aside sārû from them mēʿălêhem and not wəlōʾ hišmîdûm.

Grammar Details

• *wəʿattâ*: waw-conjunction + adverb - and now
• *hinnēh*: demonstrative particle - behold/look
• *bənê*: construct masculine plural noun - sons of
• *ʿammôn*: proper name - Ammon
• *ûmôʾāb*: waw-conjunction + proper name - and Moab
• *wəhar*: waw-conjunction + construct masculine singular noun - and mountain of
• *śēʿîr*: proper name - Seir
• *ʾăšer*: relative pronoun - who/which/that
• *lōʾ*: negative particle - not
• *nātattâ*: qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you gave
• *ləyiśrāʾēl*: preposition *lə* + proper name - to Israel
• *lābôʾ*: preposition *lə* + qal infinitive construct - to enter
• *bāhem*: preposition *bə* + 3rd masculine plural suffix - in/among them
• *bəbōʾām*: preposition *bə* + qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine plural suffix - in their coming
• *mēʾereṣ*: preposition *min* + construct feminine singular noun - from land of
• *miṣrāyim*: proper name - Egypt
• *kî*: conjunction - for/because
• *sārû*: qal perfect 3rd common plural - they turned aside
• *mēʿălêhem*: preposition *min* + preposition *ʿal* + 3rd masculine plural suffix - from upon them/from them
• *wəlōʾ*: waw-conjunction + negative particle - and not
• *hišmîdûm*: hiphil perfect 3rd common plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - they destroyed them

Word Meanings

• *sārû*: they turned aside/departed/avoided
• *hišmîdûm*: they destroyed them/exterminated them/annihilated them
• *har-śēʿîr*: Mount Seir (region of Edom)

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  'But now, here are the men from Ammon, Moab, and Mount Seir, whose land you would not let Israel invade when they came from Egypt; so they turned away from them and did not destroy them.'

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And now, behold, the children of Ammon and Moab and mount Seir, whom thou wouldest not let Israel invade, when they came out of the land of Egypt, but they turned from them, and destroyed them not;

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And now, see, the children of Ammon, Moab, and Mount Seir, whom You would not let Israel invade when they came out of the land of Egypt, but they turned from them and did not destroy them;

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And now, behold, the children of Ammon and Moab and mount Seir, whom thou wouldest not let Israel invade, when they came out of the land of Egypt, but they turned from them, and destroyed them not;

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And now, behold, the children{H1121} of Ammon{H5983} and Moab{H4124} and mount{H2022} Seir,{H8165} whom thou wouldest not let{H5414} Israel{H3478} invade,{H935} when they came out{H935} of the land{H776} of Egypt,{H4714} but they turned{H5493} aside from them, and destroyed{H8045} them not;

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And now, behold, the children{H1121} of Ammon{H5983} and Moab{H4124} and mount{H2022} Seir{H8165}, whom thou wouldest not let{H5414}{(H8804)} Israel{H3478} invade{H935}{(H8800)}, when they came out{H935}{(H8800)} of the land{H776} of Egypt{H4714}, but they turned{H5493}{(H8804)} from them, and destroyed{H8045}{(H8689)} them not;

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Beholde now, the children of Ammon, of Moab, & they of mount Seir, vpon whom thou woldest not suffre the children of Israel to go, whan they wente out of the londe of Egipte, but they were fayne to departe from the, and not to destroye them:

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And now beholde, the children of Ammon and Moab, and mount Seir, by whome thou wouldest not let Israel goe, when they came out of the land of Egypt: but they turned aside from them, and destroyed them not:

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And nowe beholde the children of Ammon and Moab, and mount Seir, by whom thou wouldest not let them of Israel go when they came out of the lande of Egypt, but they departed from them, and destroyed them not:

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And now, behold, the children of Ammon and Moab and mount Seir, whom thou wouldest not let Israel invade, when they came out of the land of Egypt, but they turned from them, and destroyed them not;

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Now, behold, the children of Ammon and Moab and Mount Seir, whom you would not let Israel invade, when they came out of the land of Egypt, but they turned aside from them, and didn't destroy them;

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  `And now, lo, sons of Ammon, and Moab, and mount Seir, whom Thou didst not grant to Israel to go in against in their coming out of the land of Egypt, for they turned aside from off them and destroyed them not,

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And now, behold, the children of Ammon and Moab and mount Seir, whom thou wouldest not let Israel invade, when they came out of the land of Egypt, but they turned aside from them, and destroyed them not;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And now, behold, the children of Ammon and Moab and mount Seir, whom thou wouldest not let Israel invade, when they came out of the land of Egypt, but they turned aside from them, and destroyed them not;

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And now, see, the children of Ammon and Moab and the people of Mount Seir, whom you kept Israel from attacking when they came out of Egypt, so that turning to one side they did not send destruction on them:

• World English Bible (2000)

  Now, behold, the children of Ammon and Moab and Mount Seir, whom you would not let Israel invade, when they came out of the land of Egypt, but they turned aside from them, and didn't destroy them;

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Now the Ammonites, Moabites, and men from Mount Seir are coming! When Israel came from the land of Egypt, you did not allow them to invade these lands. They bypassed them and did not destroy them.

Referenced Verses

• Num 20:17-21 : 17 { "verseID": "Numbers.20.17", "source": "נַעְבְּרָה־נָּ֣א בְאַרְצֶ֗ךָ לֹ֤א נַעֲבֹר֙ בְּשָׂדֶ֣ה וּבְכֶ֔רֶם וְלֹ֥א נִשְׁתֶּ֖ה מֵ֣י בְאֵ֑ר דֶּ֧רֶךְ הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ נֵלֵ֗ךְ לֹ֤א נִטֶּה֙ יָמִ֣ין וּשְׂמֹ֔אול עַ֥ד אֲשֶֽׁר־נַעֲבֹ֖ר גְּבוּלֶֽךָ", "text": "*naʿbərâ*-*nāʾ* in-*ʾarṣekā* not *naʿăbōr* in-*śādeh* and-in-*kerem* and-not *ništeh* *mê* *bəʾēr* *derek* the-*melek* *nēlēk* not *niṭṭeh* right and-left until which-*naʿăbōr* *gəbûlekā*", "grammar": { "*naʿbərâ*": "qal cohortative 1st plural - let us pass", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*ʾarṣekā*": "feminine singular construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your land", "*naʿăbōr*": "qal imperfect 1st plural - we will pass", "*śādeh*": "masculine singular - field", "*kerem*": "masculine singular - vineyard", "*ništeh*": "qal imperfect 1st plural - we will drink", "*mê*": "masculine plural construct - waters of", "*bəʾēr*": "feminine singular - well", "*derek*": "masculine singular construct - way of", "*melek*": "masculine singular with definite article - the king", "*nēlēk*": "qal imperfect 1st plural - we will go", "*niṭṭeh*": "qal imperfect 1st plural - we will turn", "*naʿăbōr*": "qal imperfect 1st plural - we pass", "*gəbûlekā*": "masculine singular construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your territory" }, "variants": { "*naʿbərâ*-*nāʾ*": "let us pass, please", "*ʾarṣekā*": "your land/your country", "*śādeh*": "field/fields", "*kerem*": "vineyard/vineyards", "*mê* *bəʾēr*": "well water", "*derek* the-*melek*": "the king's highway/main road", "*niṭṭeh*": "turn aside/deviate", "*gəbûlekā*": "your border/your territory" } } 18 { "verseID": "Numbers.20.18", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֵלָיו֙ אֱד֔וֹם לֹ֥א תַעֲבֹ֖ר בִּ֑י פֶּן־בַּחֶ֖רֶב אֵצֵ֥א לִקְרָאתֶֽךָ", "text": "And-*yōʾmer* to-him *ʾĕdôm* not *taʿăbōr* in-me lest-with-the-*ḥereb* *ʾēṣēʾ* *liqrāʾtekā*", "grammar": { "*yōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾĕdôm*": "proper noun - Edom", "*taʿăbōr*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will pass", "*ḥereb*": "feminine singular with definite article - the sword", "*ʾēṣēʾ*": "qal imperfect 1st singular - I will come out", "*liqrāʾtekā*": "qal infinitive construct with lamed + 2nd masculine singular suffix - to meet you" }, "variants": { "*taʿăbōr*": "pass through/cross", "*ḥereb*": "sword", "*ʾēṣēʾ* *liqrāʾtekā*": "I will come out against you/I will come to meet you" } } 19 { "verseID": "Numbers.20.19", "source": "וַיֹּאמְר֨וּ אֵלָ֥יו בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל֘ בַּֽמְסִלָּ֣ה נַעֲלֶה֒ וְאִם־מֵימֶ֤יךָ נִשְׁתֶּה֙ אֲנִ֣י וּמִקְנַ֔י וְנָתַתִּ֖י מִכְרָ֑ם רַ֥ק אֵין־דָּבָ֖ר בְּרַגְלַ֥י אֶֽעֱבֹֽרָה", "text": "And-*yōʾmərû* to-him *bənê*-*yiśrāʾēl* in-the-*məsillâ* *naʿăleh* and-if-*mêmeykā* *ništeh* *ʾănî* and-*miqnay* and-*nātattî* *mikrām* only *ʾên*-*dābār* with-my-feet *ʾeʿĕbōrâ*", "grammar": { "*yōʾmərû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd plural - and they said", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons/children of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*məsillâ*": "feminine singular with definite article - the highway", "*naʿăleh*": "qal imperfect 1st plural - we will go up", "*mêmeykā*": "masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your waters", "*ništeh*": "qal imperfect 1st plural - we will drink", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*miqnay*": "masculine singular construct with 1st singular suffix - my livestock", "*nātattî*": "qal perfect 1st singular - I will give", "*mikrām*": "masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their price", "*ʾên*": "construct state particle of negation - there is not", "*dābār*": "masculine singular - thing/matter", "*ʾeʿĕbōrâ*": "qal cohortative 1st singular - let me pass" }, "variants": { "*bənê*-*yiśrāʾēl*": "children of Israel/Israelites", "*məsillâ*": "highway/main road", "*naʿăleh*": "go up/travel", "*mêmeykā*": "your waters", "*miqnay*": "my livestock/cattle", "*nātattî* *mikrām*": "I will give their price/I will pay for them", "*ʾên*-*dābār*": "no matter/nothing", "*ʾeʿĕbōrâ*": "let me pass through" } } 20 { "verseID": "Numbers.20.20", "source": "וַיֹּ֖אמֶר לֹ֣א תַעֲבֹ֑ר וַיֵּצֵ֤א אֱדוֹם֙ לִקְרָאת֔וֹ בְּעַ֥ם כָּבֵ֖ד וּבְיָ֥ד חֲזָקָֽה", "text": "And-*yōʾmer* not *taʿăbōr* and-*yēṣēʾ* *ʾĕdôm* *liqrāʾtô* with-*ʿam* *kābēd* and-with-*yād* *ḥăzāqâ*", "grammar": { "*yōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*taʿăbōr*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will pass", "*yēṣēʾ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and came out", "*ʾĕdôm*": "proper noun - Edom", "*liqrāʾtô*": "qal infinitive construct with lamed + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to meet him", "*ʿam*": "masculine singular - people", "*kābēd*": "adjective masculine singular - numerous/heavy", "*yād*": "feminine singular - hand", "*ḥăzāqâ*": "adjective feminine singular - strong" }, "variants": { "*taʿăbōr*": "pass through/cross", "*yēṣēʾ* *liqrāʾtô*": "came out against him/came to meet him", "*ʿam* *kābēd*": "numerous people/large force", "*yād* *ḥăzāqâ*": "strong hand/mighty power" } } 21 { "verseID": "Numbers.20.21", "source": "וַיְמָאֵ֣ן ׀ אֱד֗וֹם נְתֹן֙ אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל עֲבֹ֖ר בִּגְבֻל֑וֹ וַיֵּ֥ט יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מֵעָלָֽיו", "text": "And-*yəmāʾēn* *ʾĕdôm* *nətōn* *ʾet*-*yiśrāʾēl* *ʿăbōr* in-*gəbulô* and-*yēṭ* *yiśrāʾēl* from-him", "grammar": { "*yəmāʾēn*": "waw-consecutive + piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he refused", "*ʾĕdôm*": "proper noun - Edom", "*nətōn*": "qal infinitive absolute - giving", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʿăbōr*": "qal infinitive construct - to pass", "*gəbulô*": "masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his territory", "*yēṭ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and turned aside", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*yəmāʾēn*": "refused/declined", "*nətōn* *ʿăbōr*": "to give/allow to pass", "*gəbulô*": "his border/his territory", "*yēṭ*": "turned aside/turned away" } }
• Deut 2:4-5 : 4 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.2.4", "source": "וְאֶת־הָעָם֮ צַ֣ו לֵאמֹר֒ אַתֶּ֣ם עֹֽבְרִ֗ים בִּגְבוּל֙ אֲחֵיכֶ֣ם בְּנֵי־עֵשָׂ֔ו הַיֹּשְׁבִ֖ים בְּשֵׂעִ֑יר וְיִֽירְא֣וּ מִכֶּ֔ם וְנִשְׁמַרְתֶּ֖ם מְאֹֽד׃", "text": "And *ʾet*-the *ʿām* *ṣaw* *lēʾmōr* you *ʿōberîm* in *gebūl* your brothers *benê-ʿēśāw* the *yōšebîm* in *śēʿîr* and *weyîreʾū* from you and *wenišmartem* *meʾōd*", "grammar": { "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿām*": "noun masculine singular - people", "*ṣaw*": "piel imperative masculine singular - command", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*ʿōberîm*": "qal participle masculine plural - passing through", "*gebūl*": "noun masculine singular construct - border/territory of", "*benê-ʿēśāw*": "noun masculine plural construct + proper noun - sons of Esau", "*yōšebîm*": "qal participle masculine plural - dwelling/inhabiting", "*śēʿîr*": "proper noun - Seir", "*weyîreʾū*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they will fear", "*wenišmartem*": "waw consecutive + niphal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - and you shall guard yourselves", "*meʾōd*": "adverb - greatly/exceedingly" }, "variants": { "*ʿām*": "people/nation/folk", "*ṣaw*": "command/order/instruct", "*ʿōberîm*": "passing through/crossing over/traversing", "*gebūl*": "border/territory/boundary", "*yōšebîm*": "dwelling/inhabiting/residing", "*weyîreʾū*": "they will fear/be afraid of", "*wenišmartem*": "guard yourselves/take heed/be careful", "*meʾōd*": "greatly/exceedingly/very much" } } 5 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.2.5", "source": "אַל־תִּתְגָּר֣וּ בָ֔ם כִּ֠י לֹֽא־אֶתֵּ֤ן לָכֶם֙ מֵֽאַרְצָ֔ם עַ֖ד מִדְרַ֣ךְ כַּף־רָ֑גֶל כִּֽי־יְרֻשָּׁ֣ה לְעֵשָׂ֔ו נָתַ֖תִּי אֶת־הַ֥ר שֵׂעִֽיר׃", "text": "*ʾAl-titgārū* in them *kî* not-*ʾettēn* to you from *ʾarṣām* until *midrak kap-rāgel* *kî*-*yerušāh* to *ʿēśāw* *nātattî* *ʾet*-mountain *śēʿîr*", "grammar": { "*ʾAl-titgārū*": "negative particle + hithpael imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - do not contend/provoke", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾettēn*": "qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will give", "*ʾarṣām*": "noun feminine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their land", "*midrak*": "noun masculine singular construct - stepping-place of", "*kap-rāgel*": "noun feminine singular construct + noun feminine singular - sole of foot", "*yerušāh*": "noun feminine singular - possession/inheritance", "*ʿēśāw*": "proper noun - Esau", "*nātattî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I have given", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*śēʿîr*": "proper noun - Seir" }, "variants": { "*titgārū*": "contend with/provoke/engage in conflict", "*ʾettēn*": "give/grant/allow", "*ʾarṣām*": "their land/territory/country", "*midrak kap-rāgel*": "footstep/place to set foot/space for stepping", "*yerušāh*": "possession/inheritance/property", "*nātattî*": "given/granted/bestowed" } }
• Deut 2:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.2.9", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֵלַ֗י אֶל־תָּ֙צַר֙ אֶת־מוֹאָ֔ב וְאַל־תִּתְגָּ֥ר בָּ֖ם מִלְחָמָ֑ה כִּ֠י לֹֽא־אֶתֵּ֨ן לְךָ֤ מֵֽאַרְצוֹ֙ יְרֻשָּׁ֔ה כִּ֣י לִבְנֵי־ל֔וֹט נָתַ֥תִּי אֶת־עָ֖ר יְרֻשָּֽׁה׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* to me *ʾal-tāṣar* *ʾet*-*môʾāb* and *ʾal-titgār* in them *milḥāmāh* *kî* not-*ʾettēn* to you from *ʾarṣô* *yerušāh* *kî* to *binê-lôṭ* *nātattî* *ʾet*-*ʿār* *yerušāh*", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾal-tāṣar*": "negative particle + qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - do not harass", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab", "*ʾal-titgār*": "negative particle + hithpael imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - do not contend", "*milḥāmāh*": "noun feminine singular - battle/war", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾettēn*": "qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will give", "*ʾarṣô*": "noun feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his land", "*yerušāh*": "noun feminine singular - possession", "*binê-lôṭ*": "noun masculine plural construct + proper noun - sons of Lot", "*nātattî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I have given", "*ʿār*": "proper noun - Ar", "*yerušāh*": "noun feminine singular - possession" }, "variants": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "said/spoke/stated", "*tāṣar*": "harass/oppress/distress", "*titgār*": "contend with/provoke/engage in conflict", "*milḥāmāh*": "battle/war/fighting", "*ʾettēn*": "will give/grant/allow", "*ʾarṣô*": "his land/territory/country", "*yerušāh*": "possession/inheritance/property", "*nātattî*": "have given/granted/bestowed" } }
• Deut 2:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.2.19", "source": "וְקָרַבְתָּ֗ מ֚וּל בְּנֵ֣י עַמּ֔וֹן אַל־תְּצֻרֵ֖ם וְאַל־תִּתְגָּ֣ר בָּ֑ם כִּ֣י לֹֽא־אֶ֠תֵּן מֵאֶ֨רֶץ בְּנֵי־עַמּ֤וֹן לְךָ֙ יְרֻשָּׁ֔ה כִּ֥י לִבְנֵי־ל֖וֹט נְתַתִּ֥יהָ יְרֻשָּֽׁה׃", "text": "*wə-qāraḇtā* *mûl* *bənê* *ʿammôn* *ʾal*-*təṣurêm* *wə-ʾal*-*titgār* *bām* *kî* not-*ʾettên* from-*ʾereṣ* *bənê*-*ʿammôn* to-you *yəruššāh* *kî* to-*bənê*-*lôṭ* *nətattîhā* *yəruššāh*", "grammar": { "*wə-qāraḇtā*": "conjunction + verb, Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - and you will come near/approach", "*mûl*": "preposition - opposite/facing/in front of", "*bənê*": "noun, construct state, masculine plural - sons of/children of", "*ʿammôn*": "proper noun - Ammon", "*ʾal*": "negative particle - do not", "*təṣurêm*": "verb, Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - harass/distress/besiege them", "*wə-ʾal*": "conjunction + negative particle - and do not", "*titgār*": "verb, Hithpael imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - engage in strife/provoke/contend", "*bām*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - with them/against them", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾettên*": "verb, Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will give", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*yəruššāh*": "noun, feminine singular - possession/inheritance", "*nətattîhā*": "verb, Qal perfect 1st person singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - I have given it", "*lôṭ*": "proper noun - Lot" }, "variants": { "*mûl*": "opposite/facing/in front of/against", "*təṣurêm*": "harass them/besiege them/show hostility to them", "*titgār*": "engage in strife/provoke/contend/incite conflict", "*yəruššāh*": "possession/inheritance/property" } }
• Judg 11:15-18 : 15 { "verseID": "Judges.11.15", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ל֔וֹ כֹּ֖ה אָמַ֣ר יִפְתָּ֑ח לֹֽא־לָקַ֤ח יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֶת־אֶ֣רֶץ מוֹאָ֔ב וְאֶת־אֶ֖רֶץ בְּנֵ֥י עַמּֽוֹן׃", "text": "And *wayyō'mer* to-him thus *'āmar* *Yiptach* not-*lāqaḥ* *Yiśrā'ēl* 'et-*'ereş* *Mô'āḇ* and-'et-*'ereş* *bənê* *'Ammôn*", "grammar": { "*wayyō'mer*": "verb, Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he said", "*'āmar*": "verb, Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - said", "*Yiptach*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jephthah", "*lāqaḥ*": "verb, Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he took", "*Yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Israel", "*'ereş*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*Mô'āḇ*": "proper noun - Moab", "*'ereş*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*'Ammôn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Ammon" }, "variants": { "*lāqaḥ*": "took/seized/captured" } } 16 { "verseID": "Judges.11.16", "source": "כִּ֖י בַּעֲלוֹתָ֣ם מִמִּצְרָ֑יִם וַיֵּ֨לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֤ל בַּמִּדְבָּר֙ עַד־יַם־ס֔וּף וַיָּבֹ֖א קָדֵֽשָׁה׃", "text": "*Kî* in *ʿălôtām* from *miṣrayim* *wayyēlek* *yiśrāʾēl* in *midbar* unto *yam-sûp* *wayyābōʾ* *qādēšâ*", "grammar": { "*Kî*": "conjunction - for/because/when", "*ʿălôtām*": "infinitive construct with 3rd person plural suffix - in their going up", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*wayyēlek*": "waw consecutive with qal imperfect 3rd singular masculine - and he went", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*midbar*": "noun masculine singular with preposition bet - in wilderness", "*yam-sûp*": "construct noun phrase - Sea of Reeds/Red Sea", "*wayyābōʾ*": "waw consecutive with qal imperfect 3rd singular masculine - and he came", "*qādēšâ*": "proper noun with directional he suffix - to Kadesh" }, "variants": { "*Kî*": "for/because/when/that", "*ʿălôtām*": "their going up/ascent/departure", "*midbar*": "wilderness/desert", "*yam-sûp*": "Red Sea/Sea of Reeds" } } 17 { "verseID": "Judges.11.17", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל מַלְאָכִ֣ים ׀ אֶל־מֶלֶךְ֩ אֱד֨וֹם ׀ לֵאמֹ֜ר אֶעְבְּרָה־נָּ֣א בְאַרְצֶ֗ךָ וְלֹ֤א שָׁמַע֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ אֱד֔וֹם וְגַ֨ם אֶל־מֶ֧לֶךְ מוֹאָ֛ב שָׁלַ֖ח וְלֹ֣א אָבָ֑ה וַיֵּ֥שֶׁב יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בְּקָדֵֽשׁ׃", "text": "*wayyišlaḥ* *yiśrāʾēl* *malʾākîm* unto *melek* *ʾĕdôm* *lēʾmōr* *ʾeʿbĕrâ-nnaʾ* in *ʾarṣĕkā* *wĕlōʾ* *šāmaʿ* *melek* *ʾĕdôm* *wĕgam* unto *melek* *môʾāb* *šālaḥ* *wĕlōʾ* *ʾābâ* *wayyēšeb* *yiśrāʾēl* in *qādēš*", "grammar": { "*wayyišlaḥ*": "waw consecutive with qal imperfect 3rd singular masculine - and he sent", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*malʾākîm*": "noun masculine plural - messengers/angels", "*melek*": "noun masculine singular construct - king of", "*ʾĕdôm*": "proper noun - Edom", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition lamed with qal infinitive construct - saying", "*ʾeʿbĕrâ-nnaʾ*": "qal imperfect 1st singular cohortative with particle of entreaty - let me pass, please", "*ʾarṣĕkā*": "noun feminine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your land", "*wĕlōʾ*": "conjunction with negative particle - and not", "*šāmaʿ*": "qal perfect 3rd singular masculine - he listened/heeded", "*wĕgam*": "conjunction with particle - and also", "*môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab", "*šālaḥ*": "qal perfect 3rd singular masculine - he sent", "*ʾābâ*": "qal perfect 3rd singular masculine - he was willing/consented", "*wayyēšeb*": "waw consecutive with qal imperfect 3rd singular masculine - and he dwelled/remained", "*qādēš*": "proper noun - Kadesh" }, "variants": { "*malʾākîm*": "messengers/angels/ambassadors", "*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say", "*ʾeʿbĕrâ-nnaʾ*": "let me pass, please/I will pass through, please", "*šāmaʿ*": "heard/listened/heeded", "*ʾābâ*": "was willing/consented/agreed" } } 18 { "verseID": "Judges.11.18", "source": "וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ בַּמִּדְבָּ֗ר וַיָּ֜סָב אֶת־אֶ֤רֶץ אֱדוֹם֙ וְאֶת־אֶ֣רֶץ מוֹאָ֔ב וַיָּבֹ֤א מִמִּזְרַח־שֶׁ֙מֶשׁ֙ לְאֶ֣רֶץ מוֹאָ֔ב וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּן בְּעֵ֣בֶר אַרְנ֑וֹן וְלֹא־בָ֙אוּ֙ בִּגְב֣וּל מוֹאָ֔ב כִּ֥י אַרְנ֖וֹן גְּב֥וּל מוֹאָֽב׃", "text": "*wayyēlek* in *midbar* *wayyāsāb* *ʾet-ʾereṣ* *ʾĕdôm* *wĕʾet-ʾereṣ* *môʾāb* *wayyābōʾ* from *mizraḥ-šemeš* to *ʾereṣ* *môʾāb* *wayyaḥănûn* in *ʿēber* *ʾarnôn* *wĕlōʾ-bāʾû* in *gĕbûl* *môʾāb* *kî* *ʾarnôn* *gĕbûl* *môʾāb*", "grammar": { "*wayyēlek*": "waw consecutive with qal imperfect 3rd singular masculine - and he went", "*midbar*": "noun masculine singular with preposition bet - in wilderness", "*wayyāsāb*": "waw consecutive with qal imperfect 3rd singular masculine - and he went around", "*ʾet-ʾereṣ*": "direct object marker with noun feminine singular construct - land of", "*ʾĕdôm*": "proper noun - Edom", "*wĕʾet-ʾereṣ*": "conjunction with direct object marker with noun feminine singular construct - and land of", "*môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab", "*wayyābōʾ*": "waw consecutive with qal imperfect 3rd singular masculine - and he came", "*mizraḥ-šemeš*": "construct chain - east (rising of sun)", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun feminine singular construct - land of", "*wayyaḥănûn*": "waw consecutive with qal imperfect 3rd plural - and they camped", "*ʿēber*": "noun masculine singular construct with preposition bet - at side of", "*ʾarnôn*": "proper noun - Arnon", "*wĕlōʾ-bāʾû*": "conjunction with negative particle and qal perfect 3rd plural - and they did not enter", "*gĕbûl*": "noun masculine singular construct with preposition bet - in border/territory of", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*gĕbûl*": "noun masculine singular construct - border/territory of" }, "variants": { "*wayyāsāb*": "went around/circled/surrounded", "*mizraḥ-šemeš*": "east/sunrise", "*ʿēber*": "side/region/beyond", "*gĕbûl*": "border/territory/boundary" } }
• 2 Chr 20:1 : 1 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.1", "source": "וַיְהִ֣י אֽ͏ַחֲרֵי‪כֵ֡ן בָּ֣אוּ בְנֵי־מוֹאָב֩ וּבְנֵ֨י עַמּ֜וֹן וְעִמָּהֶ֧ם ׀ מֵֽהָעַמּוֹנִ֛ים עַל־יְהוֹשָׁפָ֖ט לַמִּלְחָמָֽה׃", "text": "And *wayəhî* after *ʾaḥărê* this *kên*, *bāʾû* sons-of *bənê*-*môʾāb* and sons-of *bənê* *ʿammôn* and with-them *wəʿimmāhem* from *mē* the *hāʿammônîm* against *ʿal*-*yəhôšāpāṭ* for the *lammilḥāmâ*.", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it happened/came to pass", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after", "*kên*": "adverb - thus, so, such", "*bāʾû*": "qal perfect 3rd plural - they came", "*bənê*": "construct masculine plural of *bēn* - sons of", "*môʾāb*": "proper name - Moab", "*ʿammôn*": "proper name - Ammon", "*wəʿimmāhem*": "waw-conjunction + preposition *ʿim* + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and with them", "*mē*": "preposition - from", "*hāʿammônîm*": "definite article + proper name + plural - the Ammonites", "*ʿal*": "preposition - against", "*yəhôšāpāṭ*": "proper name - Jehoshaphat", "*lammilḥāmâ*": "preposition *lə* + definite article + feminine singular noun - for the battle/war" }, "variants": { "*wayəhî*": "and it came to pass/happened/became", "*mēhāʿammônîm*": "possibly 'from the Meunites' (different reading tradition)", "*ʿal*": "against/upon/concerning", "*lammilḥāmâ*": "for war/battle/fighting" } }
• 2 Chr 20:22 : 22 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.22", "source": "וּבְעֵת֩ הֵחֵ֨לּוּ בְרִנָּ֜ה וּתְהִלָּ֗ה נָתַ֣ן יְהוָ֣ה ׀ מְ֠אָֽרְבִים עַל־בְּנֵ֨י עַמּ֜וֹן מוֹאָ֧ב וְהַר־שֵׂעִ֛יר הַבָּאִ֥ים לִֽיהוּדָ֖ה וַיִּנָּגֵֽפוּ׃", "text": "And in *'ēt* *hēḥēllû* with *rinnāh* and *təhillāh*, *nātan* *YHWH* *məʾārəbîm* against *bənê* *'ammôn*, *môʾāb*, and *har*-*śē'îr*, *ha-bbāʾîm* to *yəhûdāh*, and *wayyinnāgēpû*.", "grammar": { "*'ēt*": "construct feminine singular noun - time of", "*hēḥēllû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person common plural - they began", "*rinnāh*": "feminine singular noun - joyful shouting", "*təhillāh*": "feminine singular noun - praise", "*nātan*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he gave", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*məʾārəbîm*": "piel participle, masculine plural - ambushes", "*bənê*": "construct masculine plural noun - sons of", "*'ammôn*": "proper noun - Ammon", "*môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab", "*har*": "construct masculine singular noun - mountain of", "*śē'îr*": "proper noun - Seir", "*ha-bbāʾîm*": "definite article with qal participle, masculine plural - the ones coming", "*yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*wayyinnāgēpû*": "niphal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - they were struck/defeated" }, "variants": { "*'ēt*": "time, period", "*hēḥēllû*": "they began, they started", "*rinnāh*": "joyful shouting, ringing cry, joy", "*təhillāh*": "praise, song of praise", "*nātan*": "he gave, he placed, he set", "*məʾārəbîm*": "ambushes, ambushers, those lying in wait", "*bənê*": "sons of, descendants of", "*har*": "mountain of, hill country of", "*ha-bbāʾîm*": "the ones coming, those who were coming, those who came", "*wayyinnāgēpû*": "they were struck, they were defeated, they were smitten" } }