24 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.18.24",
"source": "אַל־תִּֽטַּמְּא֖וּ בְּכָל־אֵ֑לֶּה כִּ֤י בְכָל־אֵ֙לֶּה֙ נִטְמְא֣וּ הַגּוֹיִ֔ם אֲשֶׁר־אֲנִ֥י מְשַׁלֵּ֖חַ מִפְּנֵיכֶֽם׃",
"text": "Not *ʾal*-*tiṭṭammʾû* in *bəkāl*-*ʾēlleh* for *kî* in *bəkāl*-*ʾēlleh* *niṭməʾû* *haggôyim* *ʾăšer*-*ʾănî* *məšallēaḥ* from before you *mippənêkem*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾal*": "negative particle [for prohibition] - not/do not",
"*tiṭṭammʾû*": "Hitpael imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall defile yourselves",
"*bəkāl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in any/with any",
"*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, common plural - these",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*bəkāl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in all/with all",
"*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, common plural - these",
"*niṭməʾû*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - they became defiled",
"*haggôyim*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the nations",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - whom/which",
"*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I",
"*məšallēaḥ*": "Piel participle, masculine singular - sending away/driving out",
"*mippənêkem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - from before you"
},
"variants": {
"*tiṭṭammʾû*": "you shall defile yourselves/you shall become unclean",
"*niṭməʾû*": "they became defiled/they were made unclean",
"*haggôyim*": "the nations/the gentiles/the peoples",
"*məšallēaḥ*": "sending away/driving out/expelling"
}
}
25 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.18.25",
"source": "וַתִּטְמָ֣א הָאָ֔רֶץ וָאֶפְקֹ֥ד עֲוֺנָ֖הּ עָלֶ֑יהָ וַתָּקִ֥א הָאָ֖רֶץ אֶת־יֹשְׁבֶֽיהָ׃",
"text": "And *wattiṭmāʾ* *hāʾārets* and *wāʾepqōd* *ʿăwōnāh* *ʿāleyhā* and *wattāqiʾ* *hāʾārets* *ʾet*-*yōšbêhā*",
"grammar": {
"*wattiṭmāʾ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and was defiled",
"*hāʾārets*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land",
"*wāʾepqōd*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 1st person singular - and I visited/punished",
"*ʿăwōnāh*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her iniquity",
"*ʿāleyhā*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - upon her",
"*wattāqiʾ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and vomited out",
"*hāʾārets*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*yōšbêhā*": "Qal participle, masculine plural construct + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her inhabitants"
},
"variants": {
"*wattiṭmāʾ*": "and was defiled/and became unclean",
"*wāʾepqōd*": "and I visited/and I punished/and I brought judgment upon",
"*ʿăwōnāh*": "her iniquity/her guilt/her punishment",
"*wattāqiʾ*": "and vomited out/and spewed out/and ejected",
"*yōšbêhā*": "her inhabitants/her dwellers/those living in it"
}
}
26 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.18.26",
"source": "וּשְׁמַרְתֶּ֣ם אַתֶּ֗ם אֶת־חֻקֹּתַי֙ וְאֶת־מִשְׁפָּטַ֔י וְלֹ֣א תַעֲשׂ֔וּ מִכֹּ֥ל הַתּוֹעֵבֹ֖ת הָאֵ֑לֶּה הָֽאֶזְרָ֔ח וְהַגֵּ֖ר הַגָּ֥ר בְּתוֹכְכֶֽם׃",
"text": "And *ûšəmartem* *ʾattem* *ʾet*-*ḥuqqōtay* and *wəʾet*-*mišpāṭay* and *wəlōʾ* *taʿăśû* from any *mikkōl* *hattôʿēbōt* *hāʾēlleh* *hāʾezrāḥ* and *wəhaggēr* *haggār* *bətôkəkem*",
"grammar": {
"*ûšəmartem*": "waw conjunction + Qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and you shall keep",
"*ʾattem*": "2nd masculine plural pronoun - you",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*ḥuqqōtay*": "noun, feminine plural construct + 1st person singular suffix - my statutes",
"*wəʾet*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker",
"*mišpāṭay*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 1st person singular suffix - my judgments",
"*wəlōʾ*": "waw conjunction + negative particle - and not",
"*taʿăśû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall do",
"*mikkōl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from any of",
"*hattôʿēbōt*": "definite article + noun, feminine plural - the abominations",
"*hāʾēlleh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, common plural - these",
"*hāʾezrāḥ*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the native",
"*wəhaggēr*": "waw conjunction + definite article + noun, masculine singular - and the stranger",
"*haggār*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine singular - the one sojourning",
"*bətôkəkem*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine plural suffix - in your midst"
},
"variants": {
"*ûšəmartem*": "and you shall keep/and you shall observe/and you shall guard",
"*ḥuqqōtay*": "my statutes/my decrees/my ordinances",
"*mišpāṭay*": "my judgments/my ordinances/my regulations",
"*taʿăśû*": "you shall do/you shall practice/you shall perform",
"*tôʿēbōt*": "abominations/detestable things/abhorrent practices",
"*hāʾezrāḥ*": "the native/the native-born/the citizen",
"*haggēr*": "the stranger/the sojourner/the foreigner"
}
}
27 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.18.27",
"source": "כִּ֚י אֶת־כָּל־הַתּוֹעֵבֹ֣ת הָאֵ֔ל עָשׂ֥וּ אַנְשֵֽׁי־הָאָ֖רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לִפְנֵיכֶ֑ם וַתִּטְמָ֖א הָאָֽרֶץ׃",
"text": "For *kî* *ʾet*-*kol*-*hattôʿēbōt* *hāʾēl* *ʿāśû* *ʾanšê*-*hāʾārets* *ʾăšer* before you *lipnêkem* and *wattiṭmāʾ* *hāʾārets*",
"grammar": {
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of",
"*hattôʿēbōt*": "definite article + noun, feminine plural - the abominations",
"*hāʾēl*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, common plural - these",
"*ʿāśû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they did",
"*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of",
"*hāʾārets*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who/which",
"*lipnêkem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural + 2nd masculine plural suffix - before you",
"*wattiṭmāʾ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and was defiled",
"*hāʾārets*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land"
},
"variants": {
"*tôʿēbōt*": "abominations/detestable things/abhorrent practices",
"*ʿāśû*": "they did/they practiced/they performed",
"*ʾanšê*": "men of/people of/inhabitants of",
"*wattiṭmāʾ*": "and was defiled/and became unclean/and was polluted"
}
}
28 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.18.28",
"source": "וְלֹֽא־תָקִ֤יא הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ אֶתְכֶ֔ם בְּטַֽמַּאֲכֶ֖ם אֹתָ֑הּ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר קָאָ֛ה אֶת־הַגּ֖וֹי אֲשֶׁ֥ר לִפְנֵיכֶֽם׃",
"text": "And *wəlōʾ*-*tāqîʾ* *hāʾārets* *ʾetkem* when *bəṭammaʾăkem* *ʾōtāh* as *kaʾăšer* *qāʾāh* *ʾet*-*haggôy* *ʾăšer* before you *lipnêkem*",
"grammar": {
"*wəlōʾ*": "waw conjunction + negative particle - and not",
"*tāqîʾ*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - will vomit out",
"*hāʾārets*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land",
"*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker + 2nd masculine plural suffix - you",
"*bəṭammaʾăkem*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - when you defile",
"*ʾōtāh*": "direct object marker + 3rd feminine singular suffix - it",
"*kaʾăšer*": "preposition + relative particle - as/just as",
"*qāʾāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - it vomited out",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*haggôy*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the nation",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which/who",
"*lipnêkem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural + 2nd masculine plural suffix - before you"
},
"variants": {
"*tāqîʾ*": "will vomit out/will spew out/will eject",
"*bəṭammaʾăkem*": "when you defile/when you make unclean/when you pollute",
"*qāʾāh*": "it vomited out/it spewed out/it ejected",
"*haggôy*": "the nation/the people/the gentile"
}
}
29 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.18.29",
"source": "כִּ֚י כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֣ר יַעֲשֶׂ֔ה מִכֹּ֥ל הַתּוֹעֵב֖וֹת הָאֵ֑לֶּה וְנִכְרְת֛וּ הַנְּפָשׁ֥וֹת הָעֹשֹׂ֖ת מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמָּֽם׃",
"text": "For *kî* all *kol*-*ʾăšer* *yaʿăśeh* from *mikkōl* *hattôʿēbôt* *hāʾēlleh* and *wənikrətû* *hannəpāšôt* *hāʿōśōt* from *miqqereb* *ʿammām*",
"grammar": {
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all/whoever",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who",
"*yaʿăśeh*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - does",
"*mikkōl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from any of",
"*hattôʿēbôt*": "definite article + noun, feminine plural - the abominations",
"*hāʾēlleh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, common plural - these",
"*wənikrətû*": "waw conjunction + Niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - and shall be cut off",
"*hannəpāšôt*": "definite article + noun, feminine plural - the souls/persons",
"*hāʿōśōt*": "definite article + Qal participle, feminine plural - the ones doing",
"*miqqereb*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from the midst of",
"*ʿammām*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their people"
},
"variants": {
"*yaʿăśeh*": "does/practices/performs",
"*tôʿēbôt*": "abominations/detestable things/abhorrent practices",
"*wənikrətû*": "and shall be cut off/and shall be removed/and shall be excluded",
"*hannəpāšôt*": "the souls/the persons/the individuals",
"*miqqereb*": "from the midst of/from among"
}
}
30 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.18.30",
"source": "וּשְׁמַרְתֶּ֣ם אֶת־מִשְׁמַרְתִּ֗י לְבִלְתִּ֨י עֲשׂ֜וֹת מֵחֻקּ֤וֹת הַתּֽוֹעֵבֹת֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נַעֲשׂ֣וּ לִפְנֵיכֶ֔ם וְלֹ֥א תִֽטַּמְּא֖וּ בָּהֶ֑ם אֲנִ֖י יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃",
"text": "And *ûšəmartem* *ʾet*-*mišmartî* *ləbiltî* *ʿăśôt* from *mēḥuqqôt* *hattôʿēbōt* *ʾăšer* *naʿăśû* before you *lipnêkem* and *wəlōʾ* *tiṭṭammʾû* by them *bāhem* *ʾănî* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem*",
"grammar": {
"*ûšəmartem*": "waw conjunction + Qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and you shall keep",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*mišmartî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my charge",
"*ləbiltî*": "preposition + adverb - so as not to",
"*ʿăśôt*": "Qal infinitive construct - do/practice",
"*mēḥuqqôt*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural construct - from the customs of",
"*hattôʿēbōt*": "definite article + noun, feminine plural - the abominations",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which",
"*naʿăśû*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - were done/practiced",
"*lipnêkem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural + 2nd masculine plural suffix - before you",
"*wəlōʾ*": "waw conjunction + negative particle - and not",
"*tiṭṭammʾû*": "Hitpael imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall defile yourselves",
"*bāhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - by them",
"*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name",
"*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your God"
},
"variants": {
"*ûšəmartem*": "and you shall keep/and you shall observe/and you shall guard",
"*mišmartî*": "my charge/my ordinance/my command",
"*ləbiltî*": "so as not to/in order not to",
"*ʿăśôt*": "do/practice/perform",
"*mēḥuqqôt*": "from the customs of/from the practices of/from the statutes of",
"*tôʿēbōt*": "abominations/detestable things/abhorrent practices",
"*naʿăśû*": "were done/were practiced/were performed",
"*tiṭṭammʾû*": "you shall defile yourselves/you shall become unclean/you shall be polluted"
}
}