5{
"verseID": "Ecclesiastes.1.5",
"source": "וְזָרַ֥ח הַשֶּׁ֖מֶשׁ וּבָ֣א הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁ וְאֶ֨ל־מְקוֹמ֔וֹ שׁוֹאֵ֛ף זוֹרֵ֥חַֽ ה֖וּא שָֽׁם׃",
"text": "*Wəzāraḥ* *haššemeš* *ûbāʾ* *haššāmeš* *wəʾel*-*məqômô* *šôʾêp* *zôrêaḥ* *hûʾ* *šām*",
"grammar": {
"*Wəzāraḥ*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and rises",
"*haššemeš*": "article + noun, feminine singular - the sun",
"*ûbāʾ*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and goes/sets",
"*wəʾel*": "conjunction + preposition - and to/toward",
"*məqômô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - its place",
"*šôʾêp*": "verb, qal participle masculine singular - panting/eagerly desiring",
"*zôrêaḥ*": "verb, qal participle masculine singular - rising/shining",
"*hûʾ*": "personal pronoun 3rd masculine singular - it/he",
"*šām*": "adverb - there"
},
"variants": {
"*zāraḥ*": "rise/shine/appear",
"*bāʾ*": "come/go/enter/set (regarding sun)",
"*šôʾêp*": "pant/gasp/eagerly desire/hasten"
}
}
6{
"verseID": "Ecclesiastes.1.6",
"source": "הוֹלֵךְ֙ אֶל־דָּר֔וֹם וְסוֹבֵ֖ב אֶל־צָפ֑וֹן סוֹבֵ֤ב ׀ סֹבֵב֙ הוֹלֵ֣ךְ הָר֔וּחַ וְעַל־סְבִיבֹתָ֖יו שָׁ֥ב הָרֽוּחַ׃",
"text": "*Hôlêk* *ʾel*-*dārôm* *wəsôbêb* *ʾel*-*ṣāpôn*, *sôbêb* *sōbêb* *hôlêk* *hārûaḥ*, *wəʿal*-*səbîbōtāyw* *šāb* *hārûaḥ*",
"grammar": {
"*Hôlêk*": "verb, qal participle masculine singular - going",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - to/toward",
"*dārôm*": "noun, masculine singular - south",
"*wəsôbêb*": "conjunction + verb, qal participle masculine singular - and turning around",
"*ṣāpôn*": "noun, masculine singular - north",
"*sôbêb*": "verb, qal participle masculine singular - turning around",
"*sōbêb*": "verb, qal participle masculine singular - turning around (repetition for emphasis)",
"*hārûaḥ*": "article + noun, feminine singular - the wind/spirit",
"*wəʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and upon/according to",
"*səbîbōtāyw*": "noun, feminine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - its circuits/around",
"*šāb*": "verb, qal participle masculine singular - returning"
},
"variants": {
"*rûaḥ*": "wind/breath/spirit/mind",
"*sôbêb*": "turn/go around/encircle/surround",
"*səbîbōt*": "circuits/surroundings/rounds"
}
}
7{
"verseID": "Ecclesiastes.1.7",
"source": "כָּל־הַנְּחָלִים֙ הֹלְכִ֣ים אֶל־הַיָּ֔ם וְהַיָּ֖ם אֵינֶ֣נּוּ מָלֵ֑א אֶל־מְק֗וֹם שֶׁ֤הַנְּחָלִים֙ הֹֽלְכִ֔ים שָׁ֛ם הֵ֥ם שָׁבִ֖ים לָלָֽכֶת׃",
"text": "*Kol*-*hannəḥālîm* *hōləkîm* *ʾel*-*hayyām* *wəhayyām* *ʾênennû* *mālêʾ* *ʾel*-*məqôm* *šehannəḥālîm* *hōləkîm* *šām* *hêm* *šābîm* *lālāket*",
"grammar": {
"*Kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of",
"*hannəḥālîm*": "article + noun, masculine plural - the rivers/streams",
"*hōləkîm*": "verb, qal participle masculine plural - going",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - to/toward",
"*hayyām*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the sea",
"*wəhayyām*": "conjunction + article + noun, masculine singular - and the sea",
"*ʾênennû*": "particle of negation + 3rd masculine singular suffix - is not",
"*mālêʾ*": "adjective, masculine singular - full",
"*məqôm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - place of",
"*šehannəḥālîm*": "relative pronoun + article + noun, masculine plural - that the rivers",
"*šām*": "adverb - there",
"*hêm*": "personal pronoun 3rd masculine plural - they",
"*šābîm*": "verb, qal participle masculine plural - returning",
"*lālāket*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - to go"
},
"variants": {
"*nəḥālîm*": "rivers/streams/wadis/torrents",
"*yām*": "sea/ocean/west",
"*mālêʾ*": "full/filled/satisfied"
}
}
8{
"verseID": "Ecclesiastes.1.8",
"source": "כָּל־הַדְּבָרִ֣ים יְגֵעִ֔ים לֹא־יוּכַ֥ל אִ֖ישׁ לְדַבֵּ֑ר לֹא־תִשְׂבַּ֥ע עַ֙יִן֙ לִרְא֔וֹת וְלֹא־תִמָּלֵ֥א אֹ֖זֶן מִשְּׁמֹֽעַ׃",
"text": "*Kol*-*haddəbārîm* *yəgêʿîm* *lōʾ*-*yûkal* *ʾîš* *lədabbêr* *lōʾ*-*tiśbaʿ* *ʿayin* *lirʾôt* *wəlōʾ*-*timmālêʾ* *ʾōzen* *miššəmōaʿ*",
"grammar": {
"*Kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of",
"*haddəbārîm*": "article + noun, masculine plural - the things/words/matters",
"*yəgêʿîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - wearisome/tired",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*yûkal*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - able/can",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man/person",
"*lədabbêr*": "preposition + verb, piel infinitive construct - to speak",
"*tiśbaʿ*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - be satisfied/full",
"*ʿayin*": "noun, feminine singular - eye",
"*lirʾôt*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - to see",
"*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not",
"*timmālêʾ*": "verb, niphal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - be filled/be full",
"*ʾōzen*": "noun, feminine singular - ear",
"*miššəmōaʿ*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - from hearing"
},
"variants": {
"*dəbārîm*": "words/things/matters/affairs",
"*yəgêʿîm*": "wearisome/tiring/laborious/fatiguing",
"*ʾîš*": "man/person/husband/anyone"
}
}
9{
"verseID": "Ecclesiastes.1.9",
"source": "מַה־שֶּֽׁהָיָה֙ ה֣וּא שֶׁיִּהְיֶ֔ה וּמַה־שֶׁנַּֽעֲשָׂ֔ה ה֖וּא שֶׁיֵּעָשֶׂ֑ה וְאֵ֥ין כָּל־חָדָ֖שׁ תַּ֥חַת הַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ׃",
"text": "*Mah*-*šehāyāh* *hûʾ* *šeyyihyeh* *ûmah*-*šennaʿăśāh* *hûʾ* *šeyyêʿāśeh* *wəʾên* *kol*-*ḥādāš* *taḥat* *haššāmeš*",
"grammar": {
"*Mah*": "interrogative pronoun - what",
"*šehāyāh*": "relative pronoun + verb, qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - that was",
"*hûʾ*": "personal pronoun 3rd masculine singular - it/that (is)",
"*šeyyihyeh*": "relative pronoun + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - that will be",
"*ûmah*": "conjunction + interrogative pronoun - and what",
"*šennaʿăśāh*": "relative pronoun + verb, niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - that was done",
"*šeyyêʿāśeh*": "relative pronoun + verb, niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - that will be done",
"*wəʾên*": "conjunction + particle of negation - and there is not",
"*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all/any",
"*ḥādāš*": "adjective, masculine singular - new",
"*taḥat*": "preposition - under",
"*haššāmeš*": "article + noun, feminine singular - the sun"
},
"variants": {
"*hāyāh*": "was/happened/occurred/existed",
"*naʿăśāh*": "was done/was made/was performed",
"*ḥādāš*": "new/fresh/novel/unprecedented"
}
}
10{
"verseID": "Ecclesiastes.1.10",
"source": "יֵ֥שׁ דָּבָ֛ר שֶׁיֹּאמַ֥ר רְאֵה־זֶ֖ה חָדָ֣שׁ ה֑וּא כְּבָר֙ הָיָ֣ה לְעֹֽלָמִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָיָ֖ה מִלְּפָנֵֽנוּ׃",
"text": "*Yêš* *dābār* *šeyyōʾmar* *rəʾêh*-*zeh* *ḥādāš* *hûʾ* *kəbār* *hāyāh* *ləʿōlāmîm* *ʾăšer* *hāyāh* *millə̄pānênû*",
"grammar": {
"*Yêš*": "existential particle - there is",
"*dābār*": "noun, masculine singular - thing/word/matter",
"*šeyyōʾmar*": "relative pronoun + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - that one might say",
"*rəʾêh*": "verb, qal imperative masculine singular - see/look",
"*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this",
"*ḥādāš*": "adjective, masculine singular - new",
"*hûʾ*": "personal pronoun 3rd masculine singular - it (is)",
"*kəbār*": "adverb - already",
"*hāyāh*": "verb, qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - it was",
"*ləʿōlāmîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - for ages/in ancient times",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which",
"*millə̄pānênû*": "preposition + preposition + 1st common plural suffix - from before us"
},
"variants": {
"*dābār*": "word/thing/matter/affair",
"*ʿōlāmîm*": "ages/ancient times/eternity/antiquity",
"*kəbār*": "already/long ago/previously"
}
}
11{
"verseID": "Ecclesiastes.1.11",
"source": "אֵ֥ין זִכְר֖וֹן לָרִאשֹׁנִ֑ים וְגַ֨ם לָאַחֲרֹנִ֜ים שֶׁיִּהְי֗וּ לֹֽא־יִהְיֶ֤ה לָהֶם֙ זִכָּר֔וֹן עִ֥ם שֶׁיִּהְי֖וּ לָאַחֲרֹנָֽה׃",
"text": "*ʾÊn* *zikrôn* *lāriʾšōnîm* *wəgam* *lāʾaḥărōnîm* *šeyyihyû* *lōʾ*-*yihyeh* *lāhem* *zikkārôn* *ʿim* *šeyyihyû* *lāʾaḥărōnāh*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾÊn*": "particle of negation - there is no",
"*zikrôn*": "noun, masculine singular - remembrance/memory",
"*lāriʾšōnîm*": "preposition + article + adjective, masculine plural - for the former things/earlier ones",
"*wəgam*": "conjunction + adverb - and also",
"*lāʾaḥărōnîm*": "preposition + article + adjective, masculine plural - for the latter things",
"*šeyyihyû*": "relative pronoun + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - that will be",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*yihyeh*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will be",
"*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - for them",
"*zikkārôn*": "noun, masculine singular - remembrance/memory",
"*ʿim*": "preposition - with",
"*lāʾaḥărōnāh*": "preposition + article + adjective, feminine singular - in the future/afterward"
},
"variants": {
"*zikrôn*": "remembrance/memory/memorial/record",
"*riʾšōnîm*": "former/first/previous/earlier ones",
"*ʾaḥărōnîm*": "latter/future/later ones"
}
}