Exodus 1:10

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Exodus.1.10", "source": "הָ֥בָה נִֽתְחַכְּמָ֖ה ל֑וֹ פֶּן־יִרְבֶּ֗ה וְהָיָ֞ה כִּֽי־תִקְרֶ֤אנָה מִלְחָמָה֙ וְנוֹסַ֤ף גַּם־הוּא֙ עַל־שֹׂ֣נְאֵ֔ינוּ וְנִלְחַם־בָּ֖נוּ וְעָלָ֥ה מִן־הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "*hābâ* *nit-ḥakkəmâ* to him *pen*-*yirbeh* and *hāyâ* when *tiqreʾnâ* *milḥāmâ* and *nôsap̄* also he upon *śōnʾênû* and *nilḥam* against us and *ʿālâ* from the *ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*hābâ*": "imperative, 2nd masculine singular - 'come, give'", "*nit-ḥakkəmâ*": "verb, Hithpael imperfect, 1st plural cohortative - 'let us deal wisely'", "ל֑וֹ": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'to/with him/it'", "*pen*-*yirbeh*": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'lest he multiply'", "וְהָיָ֞ה": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and it will be'", "כִּֽי־תִקְרֶ֤אנָה": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - 'when they happen'", "*milḥāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - 'war'", "וְנוֹסַ֤ף": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and he will be added'", "גַּם־הוּא֙": "adverb + 3rd masculine singular pronoun - 'also he'", "עַל־שֹׂ֣נְאֵ֔ינוּ": "preposition + participle, masculine plural, Qal + 1st person plural suffix - 'upon those hating us'", "וְנִלְחַם־בָּ֖נוּ": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular + preposition + 1st person plural suffix - 'and he will fight against us'", "וְעָלָ֥ה": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and he will go up'", "מִן־הָאָֽרֶץ": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - 'from the land'" }, "variants": { "*hābâ*": "come, give, let us", "*nit-ḥakkəmâ*": "let us deal wisely, let us act shrewdly", "*pen*": "lest, otherwise", "*yirbeh*": "he will multiply, increase, become many", "*hāyâ*": "it will be, it will happen", "*tiqreʾnâ*": "they happen, befall, occur", "*milḥāmâ*": "war, battle, fighting", "*nôsap̄*": "he will be added, joined", "*śōnʾênû*": "those hating us, our enemies", "*nilḥam*": "he will fight, do battle", "*ʿālâ*": "he will go up, ascend, depart" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

הָ֥בָה נִֽתְחַכְּמָ֖ה ל֑וֹ פֶּן־יִרְבֶּ֗ה וְהָיָ֞ה כִּֽי־תִקְרֶ֤אנָה מִלְחָמָה֙ וְנוֹסַ֤ף גַּם־הוּא֙ עַל־שֹׂ֣נְאֵ֔ינוּ וְנִלְחַם־בָּ֖נוּ וְעָלָ֥ה מִן־הָאָֽרֶץ׃

Transliteration

hābâ nit-ḥakkəmâ to him pen-yirbeh and hāyâ when tiqreʾnâ milḥāmâ and nôsap̄ also he upon śōnʾênû and nilḥam against us and ʿālâ from the ʾāreṣ

Grammar Details

• *hābâ*: imperative, 2nd masculine singular - 'come, give'
• *nit-ḥakkəmâ*: verb, Hithpael imperfect, 1st plural cohortative - 'let us deal wisely'
• ל֑וֹ: preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'to/with him/it'
• *pen*-*yirbeh*: conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'lest he multiply'
• וְהָיָ֞ה: conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and it will be'
• כִּֽי־תִקְרֶ֤אנָה: conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - 'when they happen'
• *milḥāmâ*: noun, feminine singular - 'war'
• וְנוֹסַ֤ף: conjunction *wə-* + verb, Niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and he will be added'
• גַּם־הוּא֙: adverb + 3rd masculine singular pronoun - 'also he'
• עַל־שֹׂ֣נְאֵ֔ינוּ: preposition + participle, masculine plural, Qal + 1st person plural suffix - 'upon those hating us'
• וְנִלְחַם־בָּ֖נוּ: conjunction *wə-* + verb, Niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular + preposition + 1st person plural suffix - 'and he will fight against us'
• וְעָלָ֥ה: conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and he will go up'
• מִן־הָאָֽרֶץ: preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - 'from the land'

Word Meanings

• *hābâ*: come, give, let us
• *nit-ḥakkəmâ*: let us deal wisely, let us act shrewdly
• *pen*: lest, otherwise
• *yirbeh*: he will multiply, increase, become many
• *hāyâ*: it will be, it will happen
• *tiqreʾnâ*: they happen, befall, occur
• *milḥāmâ*: war, battle, fighting
• *nôsap̄*: he will be added, joined
• *śōnʾênû*: those hating us, our enemies
• *nilḥam*: he will fight, do battle
• *ʿālâ*: he will go up, ascend, depart

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Come, let us deal shrewdly with them; otherwise, they will multiply further, and in the event of war, they may join our enemies, fight against us, and leave the country."

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Come on, let us deal wisely with them; lest they multiply, and it come to pass, that, when there falleth out any war, they join also unto our enemies, and fight against us, and so get them up out of the land.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  Come, let us deal wisely with them; lest they multiply, and it happen, that when any war breaks out, they join also with our enemies, and fight against us, and so go up out of the land.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Come on, let us deal wisely with them; lest they multiply, and it come to pass, that, when there falleth out any war, they join also unto our enemies, and fight against us, and so get them up out of the land.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  come, let us deal wisely with them, lest they multiply, and it come to pass, that, when there falleth out any war, they also join themselves unto our enemies, and fight against us, and get them up out of the land.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Come on, let us deal wisely with them; lest they multiply, and it come to pass, that, when there falleth out any war, they join also unto our enemies, and fight against us, and so get them up out of the land.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  Come on, let vs playe wisely with them: lest they multiplie, and then (yf there chaunce any warre) they ioyne them selues vnto oure enimies and fyghte ageynst vs, and so gete them out of the lande.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Vp, let vs deale wysely with them, yt there be not so many of them. For yf there shulde ryse vp eny warre agaynst vs, they might ioyne them selues also vnto oure enemies, and ouercome vs, & so get them out of the lande.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Come, let vs worke wisely with them, least they multiplie, and it come to passe, that if there be warre, they ioyne them selues also vnto our enemies, and fight against vs, and get them out of the land.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Come on, let vs deale wyttyly with the, lest they multiplie, & lest it come to passe, that if there be any warre, they ioyne them selues vnto our enemies, & fight agaynst vs, & so get them vp out of ye land.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Come on, let us deal wisely with them; lest they multiply, and it come to pass, that, when there falleth out any war, they join also unto our enemies, and fight against us, and [so] get them up out of the land.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Come, let us deal wisely with them, lest they multiply, and it happen that when any war breaks out, they also join themselves to our enemies, and fight against us, and escape out of the land."

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  give help! let us act wisely concerning it, lest it multiply, and it hath come to pass, when war happeneth, that it hath been joined, even it, unto those hating us, and hath fought against us, and hath gone out up of the land.'

• American Standard Version (1901)

  come, let us deal wisely with them, lest they multiply, and it come to pass, that, when there falleth out any war, they also join themselves unto our enemies, and fight against us, and get them up out of the land.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  come, let us deal wisely with them, lest they multiply, and it come to pass, that, when there falleth out any war, they also join themselves unto our enemies, and fight against us, and get them up out of the land.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Let us take care for fear that their numbers may become even greater, and if there is a war, they may be joined with those who are against us, and make an attack on us, and go up out of the land.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Come, let us deal wisely with them, lest they multiply, and it happen that when any war breaks out, they also join themselves to our enemies, and fight against us, and escape out of the land."

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Come, let’s deal wisely with them. Otherwise they will continue to multiply, and if a war breaks out, they will ally themselves with our enemies and fight against us and leave the country.”

Referenced Verses

• Acts 7:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Acts.7.19", "source": "Οὗτος κατασοφισάμενος τὸ γένος ἡμῶν, ἐκάκωσεν τοὺς πατέρας ἡμῶν, τοῦ ποιεῖν ἔκθετα τὰ βρέφη αὐτῶν, εἰς τὸ μὴ ζωογονεῖσθαι.", "text": "*Houtos katasophisamenos to genos hēmōn, ekakōsen tous pateras hēmōn, tou poiein ektheta ta brephē autōn, eis to mē zōogoneisthai*.", "grammar": { "*Houtos*": "demonstrative pronoun, nominative masculine singular - this one", "*katasophisamenos*": "aorist middle participle, nominative masculine singular - having dealt craftily with", "*to genos*": "accusative neuter singular - the race/family", "*hēmōn*": "genitive plural personal pronoun - of us/our", "*ekakōsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - mistreated", "*tous pateras*": "accusative masculine plural - the fathers", "*hēmōn*": "genitive plural personal pronoun - of us/our", "*tou poiein*": "genitive articular infinitive - of the making/causing", "*ektheta*": "accusative neuter plural adjective - exposed/abandoned", "*ta brephē*": "accusative neuter plural - the infants", "*autōn*": "genitive plural pronoun - of them/their", "*eis to mē zōogoneisthai*": "preposition + articular infinitive with negative - so that they might not be preserved alive" }, "variants": { "*katasophisamenos*": "having dealt craftily with/having outwitted/having deceived", "*ekakōsen*": "mistreated/oppressed/ill-treated", "*tou poiein ektheta*": "to make exposed/to cause to be abandoned", "*brephē*": "infants/babies/young children", "*eis to mē zōogoneisthai*": "so that they might not live/survive/be preserved alive" } }
• Ps 83:3-4 : 3 { "verseID": "Psalms.83.3", "source": "כִּֽי־הִנֵּ֣ה א֭וֹיְבֶיךָ יֶהֱמָי֑וּן וּ֝מְשַׂנְאֶ֗יךָ נָ֣שְׂאוּ רֹֽאשׁ׃", "text": "*kî-hinnēh* *ʾôyḇêḵā* *yehĕmāyûn* *ûmeśanʾêḵā* *nāśʾû* *rōʾš*", "grammar": { "*kî-hinnēh*": "conjunction + demonstrative particle - for behold/indeed", "*ʾôyḇêḵā*": "masculine plural noun + 2ms suffix - your enemies", "*yehĕmāyûn*": "3mp Qal imperfect with paragogic nun - they make noise/are in an uproar", "*ûmeśanʾêḵā*": "conjunction + masculine plural Piel participle + 2ms suffix - and those hating you", "*nāśʾû*": "3cp Qal perfect - they have lifted up", "*rōʾš*": "masculine singular noun - head" }, "variants": { "*hāmāh*": "make noise/be in uproar/growl/roar", "*śānēʾ*": "hate/despise", "*nāśāʾ* *rōʾš*": "lift up head (idiom for rebellion/pride/exaltation)" } } 4 { "verseID": "Psalms.83.4", "source": "עַֽל־עַ֭מְּךָ יַעֲרִ֣ימוּ ס֑וֹד וְ֝יִתְיָעֲצ֗וּ עַל־צְפוּנֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "*ʿal-ʿammeḵā* *yaʿărîmû* *sôd* *weyityāʿăṣû* *ʿal-ṣep̄ûnêḵā*", "grammar": { "*ʿal-ʿammeḵā*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 2ms suffix - against your people", "*yaʿărîmû*": "3mp Hiphil imperfect - they make crafty/cunning", "*sôd*": "masculine singular noun - secret council/plan", "*weyityāʿăṣû*": "conjunction + 3mp Hithpael imperfect - and they consult together", "*ʿal-ṣep̄ûnêḵā*": "preposition + masculine plural passive participle + 2ms suffix - against your hidden/treasured ones" }, "variants": { "*ʿāram*": "be crafty/shrewd/cunning", "*sôd*": "secret council/assembly/plan", "*yāʿaṣ*": "advise/consult/plan together", "*ṣāp̄an*": "hide/treasure/store up" } }
• Ps 105:25 : 25 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.25", "source": "הָפַ֣ךְ לִ֭בָּם לִשְׂנֹ֣א עַמּ֑וֹ לְ֝הִתְנַכֵּ֗ל בַּעֲבָדָֽיו׃", "text": "*hāpak* *libbām* to-*śənōʾ* *ʿammō* to-*hitnakkēl* against-*ʿăbādāyw*", "grammar": { "*hāpak*": "qal perfect, 3ms - he turned", "*libbām*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3mp suffix - their heart", "*śənōʾ*": "qal infinitive construct - hate", "*ʿammō*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3ms suffix - his people", "*hitnakkēl*": "hithpael infinitive construct - deal craftily", "*ʿăbādāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3ms suffix - his servants" }, "variants": { "*hāpak*": "turned/changed/transformed", "*libbām*": "their heart/mind/will", "*śənōʾ*": "hate/be hostile to/detest", "*ʿammō*": "his people/nation", "*hitnakkēl*": "deal craftily/plot/conspire/be cunning", "*ʿăbādāyw*": "his servants/slaves/subjects" } }
• Prov 1:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Proverbs.1.11", "source": "אִם־יֹאמְרוּ֮ לְכָ֢ה אִ֫תָּ֥נוּ נֶאֶרְבָ֥ה לְדָ֑ם נִצְפְּנָ֖ה לְנָקִ֣י חִנָּֽם׃", "text": "*'im*-*yomru* *lekah* *'ittanu* *ne'ervah* *ledam* *nitspenah* *lenaqi* *ḥinnam*", "grammar": { "*'im*": "conditional particle - if", "*yomru*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they say", "*lekah*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - come", "*'ittanu*": "preposition + 1st common plural suffix - with us", "*ne'ervah*": "qal cohortative, 1st common plural - let us lie in wait", "*ledam*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - for blood", "*nitspenah*": "qal cohortative, 1st common plural - let us lurk", "*lenaqi*": "preposition + masculine singular adjective - for the innocent", "*ḥinnam*": "adverb - without cause" }, "variants": { "*ne'ervah*": "let us lie in wait/let us ambush", "*dam*": "blood/bloodshed/murder", "*nitspenah*": "let us lurk/let us hide/let us ambush", "*naqi*": "innocent/free from guilt", "*ḥinnam*": "without cause/gratuitously/for no reason" } }
• Prov 16:25 : 25 { "verseID": "Proverbs.16.25", "source": "יֵ֤שׁ דֶּ֣רֶךְ יָ֭שָׁר לִפְנֵי־אִ֑ישׁ וְ֝אַחֲרִיתָ֗הּ דַּרְכֵי־מָֽוֶת׃", "text": "There-is *derek* *yāšār* before-*ʾîš* and-*ʾaḥărîtāh* *darkê*-*māwet*", "grammar": { "*yēš*": "existential particle - there is/exists", "*derek*": "noun, feminine, singular - way/path/road", "*yāšār*": "adjective, masculine, singular - straight/right/upright", "*lipnê*": "preposition - before", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine, singular - man/person", "*wᵉ*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾaḥărîtāh*": "noun, feminine, singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its end", "*darkê*": "noun, feminine, plural construct - ways of", "*māwet*": "noun, masculine, singular - death" }, "variants": { "*derek yāšār*": "straight way/right path/way that seems right", "*ʾaḥărîtāh*": "its end/its outcome/its final result", "*darkê-māwet*": "ways of death/paths to death" } }
• Prov 21:30 : 30 { "verseID": "Proverbs.21.30", "source": "אֵ֣ין חָ֭כְמָה וְאֵ֣ין תְּבוּנָ֑ה וְאֵ֥ין עֵ֝צָ֗ה לְנֶ֣גֶד יְהוָֽה", "text": "There-is-no *ḥāḵmāh* and-there-is-no *tĕḇûnāh* and-there-is-no *ʿēṣāh* against *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*ḥāḵmāh*": "feminine singular noun - wisdom", "*tĕḇûnāh*": "feminine singular noun - understanding", "*ʿēṣāh*": "feminine singular noun - counsel/advice", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD" }, "variants": { "*ḥāḵmāh*": "wisdom/skill", "*tĕḇûnāh*": "understanding/insight/intelligence", "*ʿēṣāh*": "counsel/advice/plan" } }
• Acts 23:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Acts.23.12", "source": "Γενομένης δὲ ἡμέρας, ποιήσαντές τινες τῶν Ἰουδαίων συστροφήν, ἀνεθεμάτισαν ἑαυτούς, λέγοντες μήτε φαγεῖν μήτε πιεῖν ἕως οὗ ἀποκτείνωσιν τὸν Παῦλον.", "text": "*Genomenēs* *de* *hēmeras*, *poiēsantes* some of-the *Ioudaiōn* *systrophēn*, *anethematisan* themselves, *legontes* neither *phagein* nor *piein* until which *apokteinōsin* the *Paulon*.", "grammar": { "*Genomenēs*": "aorist middle participle, genitive feminine singular - having come", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and", "*hēmeras*": "genitive feminine singular - day", "*poiēsantes*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine plural - having made", "*Ioudaiōn*": "genitive masculine plural - of Jews", "*systrophēn*": "accusative feminine singular - conspiracy/gathering", "*anethematisan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they bound with a curse", "*legontes*": "present active participle, nominative masculine plural - saying", "*phagein*": "aorist active infinitive - to eat", "*piein*": "aorist active infinitive - to drink", "*apokteinōsin*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd person plural - they might kill", "*Paulon*": "accusative masculine singular - Paul" }, "variants": { "*Genomenēs*": "having come/arrived/occurred", "*poiēsantes*": "having made/formed/created", "*systrophēn*": "conspiracy/plot/band/gathering", "*anethematisan*": "bound under a curse/put under oath/vowed with a curse", "*apokteinōsin*": "they might kill/slay/murder" } }
• 1 Cor 3:18-20 : 18 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.3.18", "source": "Μηδεὶς ἑαυτὸν ἐξαπατάτω. Εἴ τις δοκεῖ σοφὸς εἶναι ἐν ὑμῖν ἐν τῷ αἰῶνι τούτῳ, μωρὸς γενέσθω, ἵνα γένηται σοφός.", "text": "*Mēdeis heauton exapatatō*. If anyone *dokei sophos einai* in you in the *aiōni toutō*, *mōros genesthō*, that he may *genētai sophos*.", "grammar": { "*Mēdeis*": "adjective, masculine, nominative, singular - no one", "*heauton*": "reflexive pronoun, masculine, accusative, singular - himself", "*exapatatō*": "present active imperative, 3rd person singular - let him deceive", "*dokei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - thinks/seems", "*sophos*": "adjective, masculine, nominative, singular - wise", "*einai*": "present active infinitive - to be", "*aiōni*": "noun, masculine, dative, singular - age/world", "*toutō*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine, dative, singular - this", "*mōros*": "adjective, masculine, nominative, singular - foolish", "*genesthō*": "aorist middle imperative, 3rd person singular - let him become", "*genētai*": "aorist middle subjunctive, 3rd person singular - he may become", "*sophos*": "adjective, masculine, nominative, singular - wise" }, "variants": { "*exapatatō*": "let him deceive/delude", "*dokei*": "thinks/seems/appears", "*sophos*": "wise/learned/skilled", "*aiōni*": "age/era/world", "*mōros*": "foolish/foolish one/fool", "*genesthō*": "let him become/be made", "*genētai*": "may become/be made" } } 19 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.3.19", "source": "Ἡ γὰρ σοφία τοῦ κόσμου τούτου μωρία παρὰ τῷ Θεῷ ἐστιν. Γέγραπται γάρ, Ὁ δρασσόμενος τοὺς σοφοὺς ἐν τῇ πανουργίᾳ αὐτῶν.", "text": "The *gar sophia tou kosmou toutou mōria para tō Theō estin*. It has been *gegraptai gar*, The one *drassomenos tous sophous* in the *panourgia autōn*.", "grammar": { "*gar*": "conjunction - for/because", "*sophia*": "noun, feminine, nominative, singular - wisdom", "*tou kosmou*": "noun, masculine, genitive, singular - of the world", "*toutou*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine, genitive, singular - of this", "*mōria*": "noun, feminine, nominative, singular - foolishness", "*para*": "preposition - beside/with/in the sight of", "*tō Theō*": "noun, masculine, dative, singular - God", "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - is", "*gegraptai*": "perfect passive indicative, 3rd person singular - it has been written", "*drassomenos*": "present middle participle, masculine, nominative, singular - catching/seizing", "*tous sophous*": "adjective, masculine, accusative, plural - the wise ones", "*panourgia*": "noun, feminine, dative, singular - craftiness/cunning", "*autōn*": "personal pronoun, 3rd person, genitive, plural - of them" }, "variants": { "*sophia*": "wisdom/knowledge/skill", "*kosmou*": "world/universe/order", "*mōria*": "foolishness/absurdity", "*gegraptai*": "it has been written/recorded/inscribed", "*drassomenos*": "catching/seizing/grasping", "*sophous*": "wise ones/sages", "*panourgia*": "craftiness/cunning/cleverness" } } 20 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.3.20", "source": "Καὶ πάλιν, Κύριος γινώσκει τοὺς διαλογισμοὺς τῶν σοφῶν, ὅτι εἰσὶν μάταιοι.", "text": "And *palin*, *Kyrios ginōskei tous dialogismous tōn sophōn*, that they *eisin mataioi*.", "grammar": { "*palin*": "adverb - again", "*Kyrios*": "noun, masculine, nominative, singular - Lord", "*ginōskei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - knows", "*tous dialogismous*": "noun, masculine, accusative, plural - the thoughts/reasonings", "*tōn sophōn*": "adjective, masculine, genitive, plural - of the wise", "*eisin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person plural - they are", "*mataioi*": "adjective, masculine, nominative, plural - vain/futile" }, "variants": { "*palin*": "again/once more", "*Kyrios*": "Lord/master", "*ginōskei*": "knows/perceives/understands", "*dialogismous*": "thoughts/reasonings/deliberations", "*sophōn*": "wise ones/sages", "*mataioi*": "vain/futile/empty/worthless" } }
• Jas 3:15-18 : 15 { "verseID": "James.3.15", "source": "Οὐκ ἔστιν αὕτη ἡ σοφία ἄνωθεν κατερχομένη, ἀλλʼ ἐπίγειος, ψυχική, δαιμονιώδης.", "text": "Not *estin* this the *sophia* from *anōthen* *katerchomenē*, but *epigeios*, *psychikē*, *daimoniōdēs*.", "grammar": { "*estin*": "present indicative, active, 3rd singular - is", "*sophia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - wisdom", "*anōthen*": "adverb - from above/from the beginning", "*katerchomenē*": "present participle, middle, nominative, feminine, singular - coming down", "*epigeios*": "nominative, feminine, singular - earthly/worldly", "*psychikē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - natural/unspiritual", "*daimoniōdēs*": "nominative, feminine, singular - demonic" }, "variants": { "*sophia*": "wisdom/skill/knowledge", "*anōthen*": "from above/from heaven/from God", "*katerchomenē*": "coming down/descending", "*epigeios*": "earthly/worldly/terrestrial", "*psychikē*": "natural/unspiritual/belonging to the soul", "*daimoniōdēs*": "demonic/devilish/inspired by demons" } } 16 { "verseID": "James.3.16", "source": "Ὅπου γὰρ ζῆλος καὶ ἐριθεία, ἐκεῖ ἀκαταστασία καὶ πᾶν φαῦλον πρᾶγμα.", "text": "Where *gar* *zēlos* and *eritheia*, there *akatastasia* and every *phaulon* *pragma*.", "grammar": { "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for/because", "*zēlos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - jealousy/zeal", "*eritheia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - selfish ambition/rivalry", "*akatastasia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - disorder/confusion", "*phaulon*": "accusative, neuter, singular - worthless/evil", "*pragma*": "nominative, neuter, singular - thing/deed/matter" }, "variants": { "*zēlos*": "jealousy/zeal/envy", "*eritheia*": "selfish ambition/rivalry/strife", "*akatastasia*": "disorder/confusion/instability", "*phaulon*": "worthless/evil/base/vile", "*pragma*": "thing/deed/matter/practice" } } 17 { "verseID": "James.3.17", "source": "Ἡ δὲ ἄνωθεν σοφία πρῶτον μὲν ἁγνή ἐστιν, ἔπειτα εἰρηνική, ἐπιεικής, εὐπειθής, μεστὴ ἐλέους καὶ καρπῶν ἀγαθῶν, ἀδιάκριτος, καὶ ἀνυπόκριτος.", "text": "The *de* from *anōthen* *sophia* *prōton* *men* *hagnē* *estin*, *epeita* *eirēnikē*, *epieikēs*, *eupeithēs*, *mestē* *eleous* and *karpōn* *agathōn*, *adiakritos*, and *anypokritos*.", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*anōthen*": "adverb - from above", "*sophia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - wisdom", "*prōton*": "adverb - first/firstly", "*men*": "particle introducing first in a series - indeed", "*hagnē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - pure", "*estin*": "present indicative, active, 3rd singular - is", "*epeita*": "adverb - then/afterwards", "*eirēnikē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - peaceable", "*epieikēs*": "nominative, feminine, singular - gentle/reasonable", "*eupeithēs*": "nominative, feminine, singular - compliant/easily persuaded", "*mestē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - full", "*eleous*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of mercy", "*karpōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of fruits", "*agathōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - good", "*adiakritos*": "nominative, feminine, singular - impartial/without partiality", "*anypokritos*": "nominative, feminine, singular - genuine/sincere" }, "variants": { "*anōthen*": "from above/from heaven/from God", "*hagnē*": "pure/chaste/holy", "*eirēnikē*": "peaceable/peaceful", "*epieikēs*": "gentle/reasonable/fair", "*eupeithēs*": "compliant/willing to yield/easily persuaded", "*eleous*": "mercy/compassion", "*karpōn*": "fruits/results/products", "*agathōn*": "good/beneficial", "*adiakritos*": "impartial/without partiality/without uncertainty", "*anypokritos*": "sincere/genuine/without hypocrisy" } } 18 { "verseID": "James.3.18", "source": "Καρπὸς δὲ τῆς δικαιοσύνης ἐν εἰρήνῃ σπείρεται τοῖς ποιοῦσιν εἰρήνην.", "text": "*Karpos* *de* of the *dikaiosynēs* in *eirēnē* *speiretai* for those *poiousin* *eirēnēn*.", "grammar": { "*Karpos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - fruit", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - and/but", "*dikaiosynēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of righteousness", "*eirēnē*": "dative, feminine, singular - peace", "*speiretai*": "present indicative, passive, 3rd singular - is sown", "*poiousin*": "present participle, active, dative, masculine, plural - making/doing", "*eirēnēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - peace" }, "variants": { "*Karpos*": "fruit/harvest/result", "*dikaiosynēs*": "righteousness/justice/right conduct", "*eirēnē*": "peace/harmony", "*speiretai*": "is sown/planted", "*poiousin*": "making/doing/producing", "*eirēnēn*": "peace/harmony" } }
• Num 22:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Numbers.22.6", "source": "וְעַתָּה֩ לְכָה־נָּ֨א אָֽרָה־לִּ֜י אֶת־הָעָ֣ם הַזֶּ֗ה כִּֽי־עָצ֥וּם הוּא֙ מִמֶּ֔נִּי אוּלַ֤י אוּכַל֙ נַכֶּה־בּ֔וֹ וַאֲגָרְשֶׁ֖נּוּ מִן־הָאָ֑רֶץ כִּ֣י יָדַ֗עְתִּי אֵ֤ת אֲשֶׁר־תְּבָרֵךְ֙ מְבֹרָ֔ךְ וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר תָּאֹ֖ר יוּאָֽר׃", "text": "*wə-ʿattâ* *lekâ*-*nāʾ* *ʾārâ*-to-me *ʾet*-the-*ʿām* the-*zeh* because-*ʿāṣûm* *hûʾ* from-me *ʾûlay* *ʾûkal* *nakkeh*-in-him *wə-ʾăgārəšennû* from-the-*ʾāreṣ* because *yādaʿtî* *ʾēt* that-*təbārēk* *məbōrāk* and-that *tāʾōr* *yûʾār*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿattâ*": "conjunction + adverb - and now", "*lekâ*": "qal imperative masculine singular - go/come", "*nāʾ*": "particle - please", "*ʾārâ*": "qal imperative masculine singular - curse", "*ʿām*": "masculine singular with definite article - the people", "*zeh*": "masculine demonstrative pronoun - this", "*ʿāṣûm*": "adjective masculine singular - mighty", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he/it", "*ʾûlay*": "adverb - perhaps", "*ʾûkal*": "qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will be able", "*nakkeh*": "hiphil imperfect 1st person plural - we will smite", "*wə-ʾăgārəšennû*": "waw consecutive + piel imperfect 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and I will drive him out", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular with definite article - the land", "*yādaʿtî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I know", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*təbārēk*": "piel imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you bless", "*məbōrāk*": "pual participle masculine singular - blessed", "*tāʾōr*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you curse", "*yûʾār*": "hophal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - will be cursed" }, "variants": { "*lekâ*": "go/come/proceed", "*ʾārâ*": "curse/put under a curse/execrate", "*ʿāṣûm*": "mighty/strong/powerful/numerous", "*nakkeh*": "strike/defeat/smite/attack", "*wə-ʾăgārəšennû*": "and I will drive out/expel/cast out" } }
• Job 5:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Job.5.13", "source": "לֹכֵ֣ד חֲכָמִ֣ים בְּעָרְמָ֑ם וַעֲצַ֖ת נִפְתָּלִ֣ים נִמְהָֽרָה׃", "text": "*lōkēd* *ḥăkāmîm* in-*ʿārəmām* *wa*-*ʿăṣat* *niftālîm* *nimhārāh*", "grammar": { "*lōkēd*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - catching/seizing", "*ḥăkāmîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - wise ones", "*ʿārəmām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their craftiness", "*wa*": "conjunction with consecutive verb - and", "*ʿăṣat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - counsel of", "*niftālîm*": "Niphal participle, masculine plural - twisted ones/crafty ones", "*nimhārāh*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - is hurried/precipitated" }, "variants": { "*lōkēd*": "catcher/seizer/entrapper", "*ḥăkāmîm*": "wise ones/wise men/sages", "*ʿārəmām*": "their craftiness/cunning", "*ʿăṣat*": "counsel of/advice of", "*niftālîm*": "twisted ones/crooked ones/perverse ones", "*nimhārāh*": "is hurried/precipitated/carried headlong" } }
• Ps 10:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Psalms.10.2", "source": "בְּגַאֲוַ֣ת רָ֭שָׁע יִדְלַ֣ק עָנִ֑י יִתָּפְשׂ֓וּ ׀ בִּמְזִמּ֖וֹת ז֣וּ חָשָֽׁבוּ׃", "text": "*bĕgaʾăwat* *rāšāʿ* *yidlaq* *ʿānî* *yittāpĕśû* *bimzimmôt* *zû* *ḥāšābû*", "grammar": { "*bĕgaʾăwat*": "preposition + noun feminine construct - in pride of", "*rāšāʿ*": "noun masculine singular - wicked person", "*yidlaq*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he pursues/burns after", "*ʿānî*": "noun masculine singular - poor/afflicted person", "*yittāpĕśû*": "niphal imperfect 3rd person plural - they are caught/seized", "*bimzimmôt*": "preposition + noun feminine plural construct - in schemes/plots of", "*zû*": "demonstrative pronoun - this/that/which", "*ḥāšābû*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural - they have devised/planned" }, "variants": { "*gaʾăwat*": "pride/arrogance/exaltation", "*rāšāʿ*": "wicked person/evildoer", "*yidlaq*": "pursue hotly/burn after/inflame", "*ʿānî*": "poor/afflicted/humble person", "*yittāpĕśû*": "be caught/seized/taken", "*mĕzimmôt*": "schemes/plots/devices", "*ḥāšābû*": "devise/plan/think" } }