Exodus 15:8

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Exodus.15.8", "source": "וּבְר֤וּחַ אַפֶּ֙יךָ֙ נֶ֣עֶרְמוּ מַ֔יִם נִצְּב֥וּ כְמוֹ־נֵ֖ד נֹזְלִ֑ים קָֽפְא֥וּ תְהֹמֹ֖ת בְּלֶב־יָֽם׃", "text": "*ūḇərūaḥ* *ʾappeḵā* *neʿermū* *mayim* *niṣṣəḇū* *ḵəmô*-*nēḏ* *nōzəlîm* *qāp̄əʾū* *təhōmōt* *bəleḇ*-*yām*", "grammar": { "*ūḇərūaḥ*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - and by the breath of", "*ʾappeḵā*": "noun, masculine dual + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your nostrils", "*neʿermū*": "niphal perfect 3rd common plural - they were heaped up", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - waters", "*niṣṣəḇū*": "niphal perfect 3rd common plural - they stood up", "*ḵəmô*": "preposition - like", "*nēḏ*": "noun, masculine singular - heap", "*nōzəlîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - flowing ones", "*qāp̄əʾū*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they congealed/froze", "*təhōmōt*": "noun, feminine plural - depths/deep waters", "*bəleḇ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in the heart of", "*yām*": "noun, masculine singular - sea" }, "variants": { "*rūaḥ*": "breath/wind/spirit", "*ʾappeḵā*": "your nostrils/your nose/your anger", "*neʿermū*": "were heaped up/were piled up/gathered together", "*nēḏ*": "heap/mound/wall", "*nōzəlîm*": "flowing ones/currents/streams", "*qāp̄əʾū*": "congealed/froze/solidified", "*təhōmōt*": "depths/deep waters/the deep" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וּבְר֤וּחַ אַפֶּ֙יךָ֙ נֶ֣עֶרְמוּ מַ֔יִם נִצְּב֥וּ כְמוֹ־נֵ֖ד נֹזְלִ֑ים קָֽפְא֥וּ תְהֹמֹ֖ת בְּלֶב־יָֽם׃

Transliteration

ūḇərūaḥ ʾappeḵā neʿermū mayim niṣṣəḇū ḵəmô-nēḏ nōzəlîm qāp̄əʾū təhōmōt bəleḇ-yām

Grammar Details

• *ūḇərūaḥ*: conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - and by the breath of
• *ʾappeḵā*: noun, masculine dual + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your nostrils
• *neʿermū*: niphal perfect 3rd common plural - they were heaped up
• *mayim*: noun, masculine plural - waters
• *niṣṣəḇū*: niphal perfect 3rd common plural - they stood up
• *ḵəmô*: preposition - like
• *nēḏ*: noun, masculine singular - heap
• *nōzəlîm*: qal participle, masculine plural - flowing ones
• *qāp̄əʾū*: qal perfect 3rd common plural - they congealed/froze
• *təhōmōt*: noun, feminine plural - depths/deep waters
• *bəleḇ*: preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in the heart of
• *yām*: noun, masculine singular - sea

Word Meanings

• *rūaḥ*: breath/wind/spirit
• *ʾappeḵā*: your nostrils/your nose/your anger
• *neʿermū*: were heaped up/were piled up/gathered together
• *nēḏ*: heap/mound/wall
• *nōzəlîm*: flowing ones/currents/streams
• *qāp̄əʾū*: congealed/froze/solidified
• *təhōmōt*: depths/deep waters/the deep

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  By the blast of Your nostrils, the waters piled up; the flowing waters stood like a wall; the depths congealed in the heart of the sea.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And with the blast of thy nostrils the waters were gathered together, the floods stood upright as an heap, and the depths were congealed in the heart of the sea.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And with the blast of your nostrils the waters were gathered together, the floods stood upright like a heap, and the depths congealed in the heart of the sea.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And with the blast of thy nostrils the waters were gathered together, the floods stood upright as an heap, and the depths were congealed in the heart of the sea.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And with the blast of thy nostrils the waters were piled up, The floods stood upright as a heap; The deeps were congealed in the heart of the sea.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And with the blast of thy nostrils the waters were gathered together, the floods stood upright as an heap, and the depths were congealed in the heart of the sea.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  with the breth off thine anger the water gathered together and the flodes stode fiyll as a rocke ad the depe water congeled together in the myddest off the see.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  In the breth of thy wrath the waters fell together, the floudes wente vpon a heape: The depes plomped together in ye myddest of the see.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And by the blast of thy nostrels the waters were gathered, the floods stoode still as an heape, the depthes congealed together in the heart of the Sea.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Through the wynde of thy nosethrils the water gathered together, ye fluddes stoode styll as an heape, and the deepe water congeled together in the heart of the sea.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And with the blast of thy nostrils the waters were gathered together, the floods stood upright as an heap, [and] the depths were congealed in the heart of the sea.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  With the blast of your nostrils the waters were piled up. The floods stood upright as a heap. The deeps were congealed in the heart of the sea.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And by the spirit of Thine anger Have waters been heaped together; Stood as a heap have flowings; Congealed have been depths In the heart of a sea.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And with the blast of thy nostrils the waters were piled up, The floods stood upright as a heap; The deeps were congealed in the heart of the sea.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And with the blast of thy nostrils the waters were piled up, The floods stood upright as a heap; The deeps were congealed in the heart of the sea.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  By your breath the waves were massed together, the flowing waters were lifted up like a pillar; the deep waters became solid in the heart of the sea.

• World English Bible (2000)

  With the blast of your nostrils, the waters were piled up. The floods stood upright as a heap. The deeps were congealed in the heart of the sea.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  By the blast of your nostrils the waters were piled up, the flowing water stood upright like a heap, and the deep waters were solidified in the heart of the sea.

Referenced Verses

• Ps 78:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.13", "source": "בָּ֣קַע יָ֭ם וַיַּֽעֲבִירֵ֑ם וַֽיַּצֶּב־מַ֥יִם כְּמוֹ־נֵ‪[c]‬ד׃", "text": "He *bāqaʿ* *yām* and he *wayyaʿăḇîrēm* and he *wayyaṣṣeḇ*-*mayim* like-*kᵉmô*-*nēḏ*", "grammar": { "*bāqaʿ*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he split/divided", "*yām*": "noun, masculine singular - sea", "*wayyaʿăḇîrēm*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and he caused them to pass through", "*wayyaṣṣeḇ*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he caused to stand", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - waters", "*kᵉmô*": "preposition - like/as", "*nēḏ*": "noun, masculine singular - heap/pile" }, "variants": { "*bāqaʿ*": "split/divided/broke open/tore", "*yām*": "sea/large body of water", "*wayyaʿăḇîrēm*": "and he caused them to pass through/led them across", "*wayyaṣṣeḇ*": "and he caused to stand/set up/established", "*nēḏ*": "heap/pile/mound/wall" } }
• Exod 14:21-22 : 21 { "verseID": "Exodus.14.21", "source": "וַיֵּ֨ט מֹשֶׁ֣ה אֶת־יָדוֹ֮ עַל־הַיָּם֒ וַיּ֣וֹלֶךְ יְהוָ֣ה ׀ אֶת־הַ֠יָּם בְּר֨וּחַ קָדִ֤ים עַזָּה֙ כָּל־הַלַּ֔יְלָה וַיָּ֥שֶׂם אֶת־הַיָּ֖ם לֶחָרָבָ֑ה וַיִּבָּקְע֖וּ הַמָּֽיִם", "text": "*wa-yyēṭ* *Mōšeh* *ʾeṯ*-*yādô* *ʿal*-*ha-yām* *wa-yyôleḵ* *YHWH* *ʾeṯ*-*ha-yām* *bə-rûaḥ* *qādîm* *ʿazzāh* *kol*-*ha-laylāh* *wa-yyāśem* *ʾeṯ*-*ha-yām* *le-ḥārāḇāh* *wa-yyibbāqəʿû* *ha-māyim*", "grammar": { "*wa-yyēṭ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he stretched out", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*yādô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand", "*ʿal*": "preposition - over", "*ha-yām*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the sea", "*wa-yyôleḵ*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he caused to go", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*ha-yām*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the sea", "*bə-rûaḥ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - by a wind of", "*qādîm*": "noun, masculine singular - east", "*ʿazzāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - strong", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all", "*ha-laylāh*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the night", "*wa-yyāśem*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he made", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*ha-yām*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the sea", "*le-ḥārāḇāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - into dry land", "*wa-yyibbāqəʿû*": "conjunction + Niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they were divided", "*ha-māyim*": "article + noun, masculine plural - the waters" }, "variants": { "*wa-yyēṭ*": "and he stretched out/and he extended", "*wa-yyôleḵ*": "and he caused to go/and he drove back", "*bə-rûaḥ qādîm ʿazzāh*": "by a strong east wind", "*wa-yyāśem*": "and he made/and he turned", "*le-ḥārāḇāh*": "into dry land/into dry ground", "*wa-yyibbāqəʿû*": "and they were divided/and they were split" } } 22 { "verseID": "Exodus.14.22", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֧אוּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל בְּת֥וֹךְ הַיָּ֖ם בַּיַּבָּשָׁ֑ה וְהַמַּ֤יִם לָהֶם֙ חֹמָ֔ה מִֽימִינָ֖ם וּמִשְּׂמֹאלָֽם", "text": "*wa-yyāḇōʾû* *ḇənê*-*Yiśrāʾēl* *bə-ṯôḵ* *ha-yām* *ba-yyabbāšāh* *wə-ha-mmayim* *lāhem* *ḥōmāh* *mî-mînām* *û-mi-śśəmōʾlām*", "grammar": { "*wa-yyāḇōʾû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they came/went", "*ḇənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*bə-ṯôḵ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - into the midst of", "*ha-yām*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the sea", "*ba-yyabbāšāh*": "preposition + article + noun, feminine singular - on the dry land", "*wə-ha-mmayim*": "conjunction + article + noun, masculine plural - and the waters", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - for them", "*ḥōmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - wall", "*mî-mînām*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - on their right", "*û-mi-śśəmōʾlām*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and on their left" }, "variants": { "*wa-yyāḇōʾû*": "and they came/and they went/and they entered", "*bə-ṯôḵ*": "into the midst of/through", "*ba-yyabbāšāh*": "on the dry land/on dry ground", "*ḥōmāh*": "wall/barrier", "*mî-mînām*": "on their right/at their right side", "*û-mi-śśəmōʾlām*": "and on their left/and at their left side" } }
• Job 4:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Job.4.9", "source": "מִנִּשְׁמַ֣ת אֱל֣וֹהַ יֹאבֵ֑דוּ וּמֵר֖וּחַ אַפּ֣וֹ יִכְלֽוּ׃", "text": "From *min-nišmat* *ʾĕlôah* *yōʾbēdû* and from *û-mē-rûaḥ* *ʾappô* *yiḵlû*", "grammar": { "*min-nišmat*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - from breath of", "*ʾĕlôah*": "noun, masculine singular - God", "*yōʾbēdû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they perish", "*û-mē-rûaḥ*": "waw conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - and from breath/wind of", "*ʾappô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his nostril/anger", "*yiḵlû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they are consumed" }, "variants": { "*nišmat*": "breath/spirit/blast", "*ʾĕlôah*": "God/deity (singular form of Elohim)", "*yōʾbēdû*": "to perish/be destroyed/be lost", "*rûaḥ*": "breath/wind/spirit", "*ʾappô*": "his nostril/anger/face", "*yiḵlû*": "to be consumed/completed/finished" } }
• Hab 3:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Habakkuk.3.10", "source": "רָא֤וּךָ יָחִ֙ילוּ֙ הָרִ֔ים זֶ֥רֶם מַ֖יִם עָבָ֑ר נָתַ֤ן תְּהוֹם֙ קוֹל֔וֹ ר֖וֹם יָדֵ֥יהוּ נָשָֽׂא׃", "text": "They-saw-you, they-writhed, *hārîm*; *zerem mayim* passed-over. *Tǝhôm* gave *qôlô*, *rôm yāḏêhû* lifted-up.", "grammar": { "*rāʾûḵā*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - they saw you", "*yāḥîlû*": "qal imperfect 3rd person plural - they writhed/trembled", "*hārîm*": "noun masculine plural - mountains", "*zerem*": "noun masculine singular construct - downpour/flood of", "*mayim*": "noun masculine plural - waters", "*ʿāḇār*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - passed over/swept by", "*nāṯan*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - gave/uttered", "*tǝhôm*": "noun masculine singular - deep/abyss/ocean depths", "*qôlô*": "noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its voice", "*rôm*": "noun masculine singular construct - height/loftiness of", "*yāḏêhû*": "noun feminine dual with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its hands", "*nāśāʾ*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - lifted up/raised" }, "variants": { "*yāḥîlû*": "writhed/trembled/were in anguish", "*tǝhôm*": "deep/abyss/primeval ocean", "*rôm yāḏêhû nāśāʾ*": "lifted high its hands/raised its hands on high (personification of waters)" } }
• 2 Thess 2:8 : 8 { "verseID": "2Thessalonians.2.8", "source": "Καὶ τότε ἀποκαλυφθήσεται ὁ Ἄνομος, ὃν ὁ Κύριος ἀναλώσει τῷ πνεύματι τοῦ στόματος αὐτοῦ, καὶ καταργήσει τῇ ἐπιφανείᾳ τῆς παρουσίας αὐτοῦ:", "text": "And then *apokalyphthēsetai* the *Anomos*, whom the *Kyrios* *analōsei* by the *pneumati* of the *stomatos* of him, and *katargēsei* by the *epiphaneia* of the *parousias* of him:", "grammar": { "*apokalyphthēsetai*": "verb, future passive indicative, 3rd person singular - will be revealed", "*Anomos*": "nominative, masculine singular - lawless one", "*Kyrios*": "nominative, masculine singular - Lord", "*analōsei*": "verb, future active indicative, 3rd person singular - will consume/destroy", "*pneumati*": "dative, neuter singular - spirit/breath", "*stomatos*": "genitive, neuter singular - mouth", "*katargēsei*": "verb, future active indicative, 3rd person singular - will abolish/render powerless", "*epiphaneia*": "dative, feminine singular - appearance/manifestation", "*parousias*": "genitive, feminine singular - coming/presence" }, "variants": { "*apokalyphthēsetai*": "will be revealed/unveiled/disclosed", "*Anomos*": "lawless one/lawless person/one without law", "*analōsei*": "will consume/destroy/slay/abolish", "*pneumati*": "spirit/breath/wind", "*stomatos*": "mouth/speech/utterance", "*katargēsei*": "will abolish/render powerless/nullify/bring to an end", "*epiphaneia*": "appearance/manifestation/brightness/splendor", "*parousias*": "coming/presence/arrival/advent" } }
• 2 Sam 22:16 : 16 { "verseID": "2Samuel.22.16", "source": "וַיֵּֽרָאוּ֙ אֲפִ֣קֵי יָ֔ם יִגָּל֖וּ מֹסְד֣וֹת תֵּבֵ֑ל בְּגַעֲרַ֣ת יְהוָ֔ה מִנִּשְׁמַ֖ת ר֥וּחַ אַפּֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *wayyērāʾû* *ʾăpîqê* *yām*, *yiggālû* *môsedôt* *tēbēl* in *gaʿărat* *YHWH*, from *nišmat* *rûaḥ* *ʾappô*.", "grammar": { "*wayyērāʾû*": "Niphal imperfect 3mp with waw-consecutive - they were seen", "*ʾăpîqê*": "masculine plural construct of *ʾāpîq* - channels of", "*yām*": "masculine noun - sea", "*yiggālû*": "Niphal imperfect 3mp - they were uncovered", "*môsedôt*": "masculine plural construct - foundations of", "*tēbēl*": "feminine noun - world", "*gaʿărat*": "feminine construct - rebuke of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*nišmat*": "feminine construct - breath of", "*rûaḥ*": "feminine noun construct - spirit/breath of", "*ʾappô*": "masculine noun with 3ms suffix - his nostril/anger" }, "variants": { "*wayyērāʾû*": "were seen, appeared, were exposed", "*ʾăpîqê*": "channels, beds, ravines", "*yiggālû*": "were uncovered, were laid bare, were exposed", "*môsedôt*": "foundations, bases", "*tēbēl*": "world, earth, habitable part", "*gaʿărat*": "rebuke, reproof, threat", "*nišmat*": "breath, blast", "*ʾappô*": "his nostril, his anger" } }
• Isa 11:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Isaiah.11.4", "source": "וְשָׁפַ֤ט בְּצֶ֙דֶק֙ דַּלִּ֔ים וְהוֹכִ֥יחַ בְּמִישׁ֖וֹר לְעַנְוֵי־אָ֑רֶץ וְהִֽכָּה־אֶ֙רֶץ֙ בְּשֵׁ֣בֶט פִּ֔יו וּבְר֥וּחַ שְׂפָתָ֖יו יָמִ֥ית רָשָֽׁע׃", "text": "*wə-šāpaṭ bə-ṣedeq dallîm wə-hôkîaḥ bə-mîšôr lə-'anwēy-'āreṣ wə-hikkâh-'ereṣ bə-šēbeṭ pîw ûbə-rûaḥ śəpātāyw yāmît rāšā'*", "grammar": { "*wə-šāpaṭ*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he will judge", "*bə-ṣedeq*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - in righteousness", "*dallîm*": "masculine plural adjective - poor/weak ones", "*wə-hôkîaḥ*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he will decide/reprove", "*bə-mîšôr*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - with equity/fairness", "*lə-'anwēy*": "preposition + masculine plural construct - for meek/humble ones of", "*'āreṣ*": "feminine singular noun - earth/land", "*wə-hikkâh*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he will strike", "*'ereṣ*": "feminine singular noun - earth/land", "*bə-šēbeṭ*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - with rod of", "*pîw*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his mouth", "*ûbə-rûaḥ*": "conjunction + preposition + feminine singular construct - and with breath of", "*śəpātāyw*": "feminine dual noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his lips", "*yāmît*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will kill/slay", "*rāšā'*": "masculine singular adjective - wicked/guilty one" }, "variants": { "*šāpaṭ*": "judge/govern/vindicate", "*ṣedeq*": "righteousness/justice", "*dallîm*": "poor/weak/needy/helpless ones", "*hôkîaḥ*": "decide/reprove/arbitrate/rebuke", "*mîšôr*": "equity/fairness/levelness/straightness", "*'anwēy*": "meek/humble/afflicted/poor ones", "*hikkâh*": "strike/smite/hit/beat", "*šēbeṭ*": "rod/staff/scepter/tribe", "*rûaḥ*": "breath/wind/spirit", "*yāmît*": "will kill/will slay/will put to death", "*rāšā'*": "wicked/guilty/criminal one" } }
• Isa 37:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Isaiah.37.7", "source": "הִנְנִ֨י נוֹתֵ֥ן בּוֹ֙ ר֔וּחַ וְשָׁמַ֥ע שְׁמוּעָ֖ה וְשָׁ֣ב אֶל־אַרְצ֑וֹ וְהִפַּלְתִּ֥יו בַּחֶ֖רֶב בְּאַרְצֽוֹ׃", "text": "Behold-me *hinenî* giving *nôtēn* in-him *bô* *rûaḥ* and-he-will-hear *weshāmaʿ* *shemuʿāh* and-he-will-return *weshāb* to-*ʾel*-his-land *ʾartsô* and-I-will-cause-him-to-fall *wehippaltîw* by-the-*baḥereb* in-his-land *beʾartsô*.", "grammar": { "*hinenî*": "demonstrative particle + 1cs suffix - behold me", "*nôtēn*": "qal participle masculine singular - giving/putting", "*bô*": "preposition ב + 3ms suffix - in him", "*rûaḥ*": "noun, feminine singular - spirit/wind", "*weshāmaʿ*": "waw-conjunctive + qal perfect 3ms - and he will hear", "*shemuʿāh*": "noun, feminine singular - report/news", "*weshāb*": "waw-conjunctive + qal perfect 3ms - and he will return", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*ʾartsô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3ms suffix - his land", "*wehippaltîw*": "waw-conjunctive + hiphil perfect 1cs + 3ms suffix - and I will cause him to fall", "*baḥereb*": "preposition ב + definite article ה + noun, feminine singular - by the sword", "*beʾartsô*": "preposition ב + noun, feminine singular + 3ms suffix - in his land" }, "variants": { "*rûaḥ*": "spirit/wind/disposition/impulse", "*shemuʿāh*": "report/news/rumor", "*wehippaltîw*": "and I will cause him to fall/make him fall/bring him down" } }