12{
"verseID": "Isaiah.23.12",
"source": "וַיֹּ֕אמֶר לֹֽא־תוֹסִ֥יפִי ע֖וֹד לַעְל֑וֹז הַֽמְעֻשָּׁקָ֞ה בְּתוּלַ֣ת בַּת־צִיד֗וֹן כִּתִּים֙ ק֣וּמִי עֲבֹ֔רִי גַּם־שָׁ֖ם לֹא־יָנ֥וּחַֽ לָֽךְ׃",
"text": "And-*wayyōʾmer* not-*tôsîpî* *ʿôd* *laʿlôz* *hamĕʿuššāqāh* *bĕtûlat* *bat*-*Ṣîdôn* *Kittîm* *qûmî* *ʿăbōrî* also-there not-*yānûaḥ* to-you",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*tôsîpî*": "hiphil imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - you will continue",
"*ʿôd*": "adverb - still/anymore",
"*laʿlôz*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to exult/rejoice",
"*hamĕʿuššāqāh*": "definite article + pual participle, feminine singular - the oppressed one",
"*bĕtûlat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - virgin of",
"*bat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - daughter of",
"*Ṣîdôn*": "proper noun - Sidon",
"*Kittîm*": "proper noun - Kittim/Cyprus",
"*qûmî*": "qal imperative, feminine singular - arise",
"*ʿăbōrî*": "qal imperative, feminine singular - cross over",
"*yānûaḥ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he/it will give rest"
},
"variants": {
"*tôsîpî*": "you will continue/you will add/you will do again",
"*laʿlôz*": "to exult/to rejoice/to be jubilant",
"*hamĕʿuššāqāh*": "the oppressed one/the violated one/the ravished one",
"*bĕtûlat* *bat*-*Ṣîdôn*": "virgin daughter of Sidon/virgin of Sidon's daughter",
"*qûmî* *ʿăbōrî*": "arise, cross over/get up, pass over",
"*yānûaḥ*": "will give rest/will grant peace/will provide rest"
}
}
13{
"verseID": "Isaiah.23.13",
"source": "הֵ֣ן ׀ אֶ֣רֶץ כַּשְׂדִּ֗ים זֶ֤ה הָעָם֙ לֹ֣א הָיָ֔ה אַשּׁ֖וּר יְסָדָ֣הּ לְצִיִּ֑ים הֵקִ֣ימוּ בַחוּנָ֗יו עֹרְרוּ֙ אַרְמְנוֹתֶ֔יהָ שָׂמָ֖הּ לְמַפֵּלָֽה׃",
"text": "Behold *ʾereṣ* *Kaśdîm* this *hāʿām* not *hāyāh* *ʾaššûr* *yĕsādāh* for-*ṣiyyîm* *hēqîmû* *baḥûnāyw* *ʿōrĕrû* *ʾarmĕnôtêhā* *śāmāh* *lĕmappēlāh*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of",
"*Kaśdîm*": "proper noun - Chaldeans",
"*hāʿām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the people",
"*hāyāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was/existed",
"*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria",
"*yĕsādāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - he founded it",
"*ṣiyyîm*": "noun, masculine plural - desert dwellers/wild beasts",
"*hēqîmû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd common plural - they set up",
"*baḥûnāyw*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his siege towers",
"*ʿōrĕrû*": "polel perfect, 3rd common plural - they laid bare",
"*ʾarmĕnôtêhā*": "noun, feminine plural + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her palaces",
"*śāmāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - he made it",
"*lĕmappēlāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - into a ruin"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾereṣ* *Kaśdîm*": "land of Chaldeans/Chaldea/Babylonia",
"*hāyāh*": "was/existed/came to be",
"*yĕsādāh*": "founded it/established it/appointed it",
"*ṣiyyîm*": "desert dwellers/wild beasts/jackals",
"*baḥûnāyw*": "his siege towers/his watchtowers/his battlements",
"*ʿōrĕrû*": "laid bare/stripped/demolished",
"*lĕmappēlāh*": "into a ruin/into a heap/into rubble"
}
}
14{
"verseID": "Isaiah.23.14",
"source": "הֵילִ֖ילוּ אֳנִיּ֣וֹת תַּרְשִׁ֑ישׁ כִּ֥י שֻׁדַּ֖ד מָעֻזְּכֶֽן׃",
"text": "*Hêlîlû* *ʾŏnîyôt* *Taršîš* *kî* *šuddad* *māʿuzzĕken*",
"grammar": {
"*Hêlîlû*": "hiphil imperative, masculine plural - wail/howl",
"*ʾŏnîyôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - ships of",
"*Taršîš*": "proper noun - Tarshish",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*šuddad*": "pual perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it is devastated/destroyed",
"*māʿuzzĕken*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd feminine plural suffix - your stronghold"
},
"variants": {
"*Hêlîlû*": "wail/howl/lament",
"*šuddad*": "devastated/destroyed/laid waste",
"*māʿuzzĕken*": "your stronghold/your fortress/your haven"
}
}
15{
"verseID": "Isaiah.23.15",
"source": "וְהָיָה֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא וְנִשְׁכַּ֤חַת צֹר֙ שִׁבְעִ֣ים שָׁנָ֔ה כִּימֵ֖י מֶ֣לֶךְ אֶחָ֑ד מִקֵּ֞ץ שִׁבְעִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ יִהְיֶ֣ה לְצֹ֔ר כְּשִׁירַ֖ת הַזּוֹנָֽה׃",
"text": "And-*wĕhāyāh* in-*bayyôm* *hahûʾ* and-*wĕniškkaḥat* *Ṣōr* *šibʿîm* *šānāh* like-*kîmê* *melek* *ʾeḥād* from-*miqqēṣ* *šibʿîm* *šānāh* *yihyeh* to-*Ṣōr* like-*kĕšîrat* *hazzônāh*",
"grammar": {
"*wĕhāyāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it will be/happen",
"*bayyôm*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the day",
"*hahûʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - that",
"*wĕniškkaḥat*": "conjunction + niphal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - and forgotten",
"*Ṣōr*": "proper noun - Tyre",
"*šibʿîm*": "cardinal number - seventy",
"*šānāh*": "noun, feminine singular - year",
"*kîmê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - like the days of",
"*melek*": "noun, masculine singular - king",
"*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number, masculine singular - one",
"*miqqēṣ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from the end of",
"*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it will be",
"*kĕšîrat*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - like the song of",
"*hazzônāh*": "definite article + qal participle, feminine singular - the prostitute"
},
"variants": {
"*wĕhāyāh*": "and it will be/and it will happen/and it will come to pass",
"*wĕniškkaḥat*": "and forgotten/and neglected/and ignored",
"*kîmê* *melek* *ʾeḥād*": "like the days of one king/according to the reign of a single king",
"*kĕšîrat* *hazzônāh*": "like the song of the prostitute/as the song of a harlot"
}
}
16{
"verseID": "Isaiah.23.16",
"source": "קְחִ֥י כִנּ֛וֹר סֹ֥בִּי עִ֖יר זוֹנָ֣ה נִשְׁכָּחָ֑ה הֵיטִ֤יבִי נַגֵּן֙ הַרְבִּי־שִׁ֔יר לְמַ֖עַן תִּזָּכֵֽרִי׃",
"text": "*Qĕḥî* *kinnôr* *sōbbî* *ʿîr* *zônāh* *niškāḥāh* *hêṭîbî* *naggēn* *harbî*-*šîr* *lĕmaʿan* *tizzākērî*",
"grammar": {
"*Qĕḥî*": "qal imperative, feminine singular - take",
"*kinnôr*": "noun, masculine singular - lyre/harp",
"*sōbbî*": "qal imperative, feminine singular - go around",
"*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular - city",
"*zônāh*": "qal participle, feminine singular - prostitute",
"*niškāḥāh*": "niphal participle, feminine singular - forgotten",
"*hêṭîbî*": "hiphil imperative, feminine singular - play well",
"*naggēn*": "piel infinitive absolute - playing",
"*harbî*": "hiphil imperative, feminine singular - multiply/increase",
"*šîr*": "noun, masculine singular - song",
"*lĕmaʿan*": "conjunction - so that",
"*tizzākērî*": "niphal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - you will be remembered"
},
"variants": {
"*Qĕḥî*": "take/pick up/grasp",
"*sōbbî*": "go around/circle/make rounds through",
"*zônāh* *niškāḥāh*": "forgotten prostitute/neglected harlot",
"*hêṭîbî* *naggēn*": "play well/skillfully play/make sweet melody",
"*harbî*-*šîr*": "multiply song/increase singing/sing many songs",
"*tizzākērî*": "you will be remembered/you will be brought to mind/you will be thought of"
}
}
17{
"verseID": "Isaiah.23.17",
"source": "וְהָיָ֞ה מִקֵּ֣ץ ׀ שִׁבְעִ֣ים שָׁנָ֗ה יִפְקֹ֤ד יְהוָה֙ אֶת־צֹ֔ר וְשָׁבָ֖ה לְאֶתְנַנָּ֑ה וְזָֽנְתָ֛ה אֶת־כָּל־מַמְלְכ֥וֹת הָאָ֖רֶץ עַל־פְּנֵ֥י הָאֲדָמָֽה׃",
"text": "And-*wĕhāyāh* from-*miqqēṣ* *šibʿîm* *šānāh* *yipqōd* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*Ṣōr* and-*wĕšābāh* to-*ʾetnannāh* and-*wĕzāntāh* *ʾet*-all-*mamlĕkôt* *hāʾāreṣ* on-*pĕnê* *hāʾădāmāh*",
"grammar": {
"*wĕhāyāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it will be/happen",
"*miqqēṣ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from the end of",
"*šibʿîm*": "cardinal number - seventy",
"*šānāh*": "noun, feminine singular - year",
"*yipqōd*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will visit",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*Ṣōr*": "proper noun - Tyre",
"*wĕšābāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she will return",
"*ʾetnannāh*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her hire",
"*wĕzāntāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she will commit prostitution",
"*mamlĕkôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - kingdoms of",
"*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the earth/land",
"*pĕnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face of",
"*hāʾădāmāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the ground"
},
"variants": {
"*yipqōd*": "visit/attend to/take notice of",
"*wĕšābāh* *lĕʾetnannāh*": "return to her hire/go back to her wages/resume her trade",
"*wĕzāntāh*": "commit prostitution/play the harlot/have commercial relations",
"*pĕnê* *hāʾădāmāh*": "face of the ground/surface of the earth"
}
}
18{
"verseID": "Isaiah.23.18",
"source": "וְהָיָ֨ה סַחְרָ֜הּ וְאֶתְנַנָּ֗הּ קֹ֚דֶשׁ לַֽיהוָ֔ה לֹ֥א יֵֽאָצֵ֖ר וְלֹ֣א יֵֽחָסֵ֑ן כִּ֣י לַיֹּשְׁבִ֞ים לִפְנֵ֤י יְהוָה֙ יִֽהְיֶ֣ה סַחְרָ֔הּ לֶאֱכֹ֥ל לְשָׂבְעָ֖ה וְלִמְכַסֶּ֥ה עָתִֽיק׃",
"text": "And-*wĕhāyāh* *saḥrāh* and-*wĕʾetnannāh* *qōdeš* to-*YHWH* not *yēʾāṣēr* and-not *yēḥāsēn* *kî* to-*layyōšbîm* before-*lipnê* *YHWH* *yihyeh* *saḥrāh* *leʾĕkōl* to-*lĕśābʿāh* and-for-*wĕlimkasseh* *ʿātîq*",
"grammar": {
"*wĕhāyāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it will be/happen",
"*saḥrāh*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her merchandise",
"*wĕʾetnannāh*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and her hire",
"*qōdeš*": "noun, masculine singular - holiness/holy thing",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name",
"*yēʾāṣēr*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it will be stored up",
"*yēḥāsēn*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it will be hoarded",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*layyōšbîm*": "preposition + definite article + qal participle, masculine plural - for those dwelling",
"*lipnê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - before/in the presence of",
"*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it will be",
"*saḥrāh*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her merchandise",
"*leʾĕkōl*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to eat",
"*lĕśābʿāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - to satisfaction/fullness",
"*wĕlimkasseh*": "conjunction + preposition + piel infinitive construct - and for covering",
"*ʿātîq*": "adjective, masculine singular - enduring/lasting/old"
},
"variants": {
"*saḥrāh*": "her merchandise/her profit/her trade",
"*wĕʾetnannāh*": "and her hire/and her wages/and her payment",
"*qōdeš* *laYHWH*": "holy to YHWH/consecrated to the LORD",
"*yēʾāṣēr*": "be stored up/be treasured/be gathered",
"*yēḥāsēn*": "be hoarded/be saved up/be stored",
"*layyōšbîm* *lipnê* *YHWH*": "for those dwelling before YHWH/for those who live in the LORD's presence",
"*lĕśābʿāh*": "to satisfaction/to fullness/abundantly",
"*wĕlimkasseh* *ʿātîq*": "for covering lasting/for enduring clothing/for fine clothing"
}
}