Ps 148:1-9 : 1 {
"verseID": "Psalms.148.1",
"source": "הַ֥לְלוּ יָ֨הּ ׀ הַֽלְל֣וּ אֶת־יְ֭הוָה מִן־הַשָּׁמַ֑יִם הֽ͏ַ֝לְל֗וּהוּ בַּמְּרוֹמִֽים׃",
"text": "*Hallelû* *Yāh* *hallelû* *ʾet*-*YHWH* *min*-*haššāmayim* *hallelûhû* *bameromîm*",
"grammar": {
"*Hallelû*": "imperative, plural - praise",
"*Yāh*": "proper noun, abbreviated form of YHWH",
"*hallelû*": "imperative, plural - praise",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name",
"*min*": "preposition - from",
"*haššāmayim*": "definite noun, masculine plural - the heavens",
"*hallelûhû*": "imperative plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - praise him",
"*bameromîm*": "preposition + definite noun, masculine plural - in the heights"
},
"variants": {
"*Hallelû*": "praise/celebrate/extol",
"*min*": "from/out of",
"*haššāmayim*": "heavens/sky",
"*meromîm*": "heights/high places/elevated regions"
}
}
2 {
"verseID": "Psalms.148.2",
"source": "הֽ͏ַלְל֥וּהוּ כָל־מַלְאָכָ֑יו הַֽ֝לְל֗וּהוּ כָּל־צְבָאָֽיו׃",
"text": "*Hallelûhû* *kol*-*malʾākāyw* *hallelûhû* *kol*-*ṣebāʾāyw*",
"grammar": {
"*Hallelûhû*": "imperative plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - praise him",
"*kol*": "construct noun - all of",
"*malʾākāyw*": "noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his messengers/angels",
"*hallelûhû*": "imperative plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - praise him",
"*kol*": "construct noun - all of",
"*ṣebāʾāyw*": "noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his hosts/armies"
},
"variants": {
"*malʾākāyw*": "his messengers/angels/envoys",
"*ṣebāʾāyw*": "his hosts/armies/multitudes"
}
}
3 {
"verseID": "Psalms.148.3",
"source": "הַֽ֭לְלוּהוּ שֶׁ֣מֶשׁ וְיָרֵ֑חַ הַ֝לְל֗וּהוּ כָּל־כּ֥וֹכְבֵי אֽוֹר׃",
"text": "*Hallelûhû* *šemeš* *weyārēaḥ* *hallelûhû* *kol*-*kôkebê* *ʾôr*",
"grammar": {
"*Hallelûhû*": "imperative plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - praise him",
"*šemeš*": "noun feminine singular - sun",
"*weyārēaḥ*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and moon",
"*hallelûhû*": "imperative plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - praise him",
"*kol*": "construct noun - all of",
"*kôkebê*": "noun masculine plural construct - stars of",
"*ʾôr*": "noun masculine singular - light"
},
"variants": {
"*šemeš*": "sun/sunlight",
"*yārēaḥ*": "moon/lunar body",
"*kôkebê*": "stars/heavenly bodies",
"*ʾôr*": "light/brightness/illumination"
}
}
4 {
"verseID": "Psalms.148.4",
"source": "הַֽ֭לְלוּהוּ שְׁמֵ֣י הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם וְ֝הַמַּ֗יִם אֲשֶׁ֤ר ׀ מֵעַ֬ל הַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃",
"text": "*Hallelûhû* *šemê* *haššāmayim* *wehammayim* *ʾăšer* *mēʿal* *haššāmāyim*",
"grammar": {
"*Hallelûhû*": "imperative plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - praise him",
"*šemê*": "noun masculine plural construct - heavens of",
"*haššāmayim*": "definite noun masculine plural - the heavens",
"*wehammayim*": "conjunction + definite noun masculine plural - and the waters",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that",
"*mēʿal*": "preposition compound - from above/over",
"*haššāmāyim*": "definite noun masculine plural - the heavens"
},
"variants": {
"*šemê*": "heavens of/skies of",
"*haššāmayim*": "the heavens/the sky",
"*hammayim*": "the waters/the liquid substance",
"*mēʿal*": "from above/over/beyond"
}
}
5 {
"verseID": "Psalms.148.5",
"source": "יְֽ֭הַֽלְלוּ אֶת־שֵׁ֣ם יְהוָ֑ה כִּ֤י ה֖וּא צִוָּ֣ה וְנִבְרָֽאוּ׃",
"text": "*Yehallelû* *ʾet*-*šēm* *YHWH* *kî* *hûʾ* *ṣiwwâ* *weniberāʾû*",
"grammar": {
"*Yehallelû*": "imperfect 3rd person plural - they shall praise",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*šēm*": "noun masculine singular construct - name of",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*hûʾ*": "pronoun 3rd person masculine singular - he",
"*ṣiwwâ*": "perfect 3rd person masculine singular - commanded",
"*weniberāʾû*": "conjunction + niphal perfect 3rd person plural - and they were created"
},
"variants": {
"*Yehallelû*": "they shall praise/let them praise",
"*šēm*": "name/reputation/character",
"*kî*": "for/because/when",
"*ṣiwwâ*": "commanded/ordered/decreed",
"*niberāʾû*": "they were created/brought into existence/formed"
}
}
6 {
"verseID": "Psalms.148.6",
"source": "וַיַּעֲמִידֵ֣ם לָעַ֣ד לְעוֹלָ֑ם חָק־נָ֝תַ֗ן וְלֹ֣א יַעֲבֽוֹר׃",
"text": "*Wayyaʿămîdēm* *lāʿad* *leʿôlām* *ḥoq*-*nātan* *welōʾ* *yaʿăbôr*",
"grammar": {
"*Wayyaʿămîdēm*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and he established them",
"*lāʿad*": "preposition + noun - forever",
"*leʿôlām*": "preposition + noun - for eternity",
"*ḥoq*": "noun masculine singular construct - decree",
"*nātan*": "perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he gave/set",
"*welōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not",
"*yaʿăbôr*": "imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - it will pass/transgress"
},
"variants": {
"*Wayyaʿămîdēm*": "and he established them/set them up/caused them to stand",
"*lāʿad*": "forever/eternally/perpetually",
"*leʿôlām*": "for eternity/everlasting/perpetually",
"*ḥoq*": "decree/statute/ordinance/boundary",
"*nātan*": "gave/set/placed/established",
"*yaʿăbôr*": "will pass away/transgress/cross over"
}
}
7 {
"verseID": "Psalms.148.7",
"source": "הַֽלְל֣וּ אֶת־יְ֭הוָה מִן־הָאָ֑רֶץ תַּ֝נִּינִ֗ים וְכָל־תְּהֹמֽוֹת׃",
"text": "*Hallelû* *ʾet*-*YHWH* *min*-*hāʾāreṣ* *tannînîm* *wekol*-*tehômôt*",
"grammar": {
"*Hallelû*": "imperative plural - praise",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name",
"*min*": "preposition - from",
"*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite noun feminine singular - the earth",
"*tannînîm*": "noun masculine plural - sea monsters/dragons",
"*wekol*": "conjunction + construct noun - and all of",
"*tehômôt*": "noun feminine plural - deep places/abysses"
},
"variants": {
"*hāʾāreṣ*": "the earth/the land/the ground",
"*tannînîm*": "sea monsters/dragons/serpents/great creatures",
"*tehômôt*": "deep places/abysses/ocean depths/primeval waters"
}
}
8 {
"verseID": "Psalms.148.8",
"source": "אֵ֣שׁ וּ֭בָרָד שֶׁ֣לֶג וְקִיט֑וֹר ר֥וּחַ סְ֝עָרָ֗ה עֹשָׂ֥ה דְבָרֽוֹ׃",
"text": "*ʾēš* *ûbārād* *šeleg* *weqîṭôr* *rûaḥ* *seʿārâ* *ʿōśâ* *debārô*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾēš*": "noun feminine singular - fire",
"*ûbārād*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and hail",
"*šeleg*": "noun masculine singular - snow",
"*weqîṭôr*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and vapor/smoke",
"*rûaḥ*": "noun feminine singular construct - wind of",
"*seʿārâ*": "noun feminine singular - storm",
"*ʿōśâ*": "qal participle feminine singular - doing",
"*debārô*": "noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his word"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾēš*": "fire/flame",
"*bārād*": "hail/ice pellets",
"*šeleg*": "snow/frost",
"*qîṭôr*": "vapor/smoke/steam/mist",
"*rûaḥ*": "wind/breath/spirit",
"*seʿārâ*": "storm/tempest/whirlwind",
"*ʿōśâ*": "doing/performing/executing",
"*debārô*": "his word/his command/his speech"
}
}
9 {
"verseID": "Psalms.148.9",
"source": "הֶהָרִ֥ים וְכָל־גְּבָע֑וֹת עֵ֥ץ פְּ֝רִ֗י וְכָל־אֲרָזִֽים׃",
"text": "*Hehārîm* *wekol*-*gebāʿôt* *ʿēṣ* *perî* *wekol*-*ʾărāzîm*",
"grammar": {
"*Hehārîm*": "definite noun masculine plural - the mountains",
"*wekol*": "conjunction + construct noun - and all of",
"*gebāʿôt*": "noun feminine plural - hills",
"*ʿēṣ*": "noun masculine singular construct - tree of",
"*perî*": "noun masculine singular - fruit",
"*wekol*": "conjunction + construct noun - and all of",
"*ʾărāzîm*": "noun masculine plural - cedars"
},
"variants": {
"*hehārîm*": "the mountains/high elevations",
"*gebāʿôt*": "hills/heights",
"*ʿēṣ*": "tree/wood",
"*perî*": "fruit/produce",
"*ʾărāzîm*": "cedars/tall evergreen trees"
}
}
10 {
"verseID": "Psalms.148.10",
"source": "הַֽחַיָּ֥ה וְכָל־בְּהֵמָ֑ה רֶ֝֗מֶשׂ וְצִפּ֥וֹר כָּנָֽף׃",
"text": "*Haḥayyâ* *wekol*-*behēmâ* *remeś* *weṣippôr* *kānāp*",
"grammar": {
"*Haḥayyâ*": "definite noun feminine singular - the wild animal",
"*wekol*": "conjunction + construct noun - and all of",
"*behēmâ*": "noun feminine singular - cattle/beasts",
"*remeś*": "noun masculine singular - creeping thing",
"*weṣippôr*": "conjunction + noun feminine singular construct - and bird of",
"*kānāp*": "noun feminine singular - wing"
},
"variants": {
"*haḥayyâ*": "the wild animal/beast/living creature",
"*behēmâ*": "cattle/livestock/domesticated animals",
"*remeś*": "creeping thing/reptile/small moving creature",
"*ṣippôr*": "bird/flying creature",
"*kānāp*": "wing/extremity/edge"
}
}
11 {
"verseID": "Psalms.148.11",
"source": "מַלְכֵי־אֶ֭רֶץ וְכָל־לְאֻמִּ֑ים שָׂ֝רִ֗ים וְכָל־שֹׁ֥פְטֵי אָֽרֶץ׃",
"text": "*Malkê*-*ʾereṣ* *wekol*-*leʾummîm* *śārîm* *wekol*-*šōpeṭê* *ʾāreṣ*",
"grammar": {
"*Malkê*": "noun masculine plural construct - kings of",
"*ʾereṣ*": "noun feminine singular - earth/land",
"*wekol*": "conjunction + construct noun - and all of",
"*leʾummîm*": "noun masculine plural - peoples/nations",
"*śārîm*": "noun masculine plural - princes/officials",
"*wekol*": "conjunction + construct noun - and all of",
"*šōpeṭê*": "qal participle masculine plural construct - judges of",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular - earth/land"
},
"variants": {
"*malkê*": "kings of/rulers of",
"*ʾereṣ*": "earth/land/ground/territory",
"*leʾummîm*": "peoples/nations/ethnic groups",
"*śārîm*": "princes/officials/nobles/leaders",
"*šōpeṭê*": "judges of/those who govern/rulers of"
}
}
12 {
"verseID": "Psalms.148.12",
"source": "בַּחוּרִ֥ים וְגַם־בְּתוּל֑וֹת זְ֝קֵנִ֗ים עִם־נְעָרֽ͏ִים׃",
"text": "*Baḥûrîm* *wegam*-*betûlôt* *zeqēnîm* *ʿim*-*neʿārîm*",
"grammar": {
"*Baḥûrîm*": "noun masculine plural - young men",
"*wegam*": "conjunction + particle - and also",
"*betûlôt*": "noun feminine plural - virgins/young women",
"*zeqēnîm*": "noun masculine plural - old men/elders",
"*ʿim*": "preposition - with",
"*neʿārîm*": "noun masculine plural - boys/youth"
},
"variants": {
"*baḥûrîm*": "young men/selected ones/choice men",
"*betûlôt*": "virgins/maidens/young women",
"*zeqēnîm*": "old men/elders/aged ones",
"*neʿārîm*": "boys/youths/young men/servants"
}
}
13 {
"verseID": "Psalms.148.13",
"source": "יְהַלְל֤וּ ׀ אֶת־שֵׁ֬ם יְהוָ֗ה כִּֽי־נִשְׂגָּ֣ב שְׁמ֣וֹ לְבַדּ֑וֹ ה֝וֹד֗וֹ עַל־אֶ֥רֶץ וְשָׁמָֽיִם׃",
"text": "*Yehallelû* *ʾet*-*šēm* *YHWH* *kî*-*niśgāb* *šemô* *lebaddô* *hôdô* *ʿal*-*ʾereṣ* *wešāmāyim*",
"grammar": {
"*Yehallelû*": "imperfect 3rd person plural - they shall praise",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*šēm*": "noun masculine singular construct - name of",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*niśgāb*": "niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - is exalted",
"*šemô*": "noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his name",
"*lebaddô*": "preposition + noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to his alone",
"*hôdô*": "noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his majesty",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - over/upon",
"*ʾereṣ*": "noun feminine singular - earth",
"*wešāmāyim*": "conjunction + noun masculine plural - and heavens"
},
"variants": {
"*Yehallelû*": "they shall praise/let them praise",
"*šēm*": "name/reputation/character",
"*kî*": "for/because/when",
"*niśgāb*": "is exalted/lifted high/inaccessibly high",
"*lebaddô*": "to his alone/by himself/only his",
"*hôdô*": "his majesty/his splendor/his glory",
"*ʿal*": "over/upon/above",
"*ʾereṣ*": "earth/land/ground",
"*šāmāyim*": "heavens/sky"
}
}
14 {
"verseID": "Psalms.148.14",
"source": "וַיָּ֤רֶם קֶ֨רֶן ׀ לְעַמּ֡וֹ תְּהִלָּ֤ה לְֽכָל־חֲסִידָ֗יו לִבְנֵ֣י יִ֭שְׂרָאֵל עַֽם־קְרֹב֗וֹ הַֽלְלוּ־יָֽהּ׃",
"text": "*Wayyārem* *qeren* *leʿammô* *tehillâ* *lekol*-*ḥăsîdāyw* *libnê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *ʿam*-*qerōbô* *hallelû*-*Yāh*",
"grammar": {
"*Wayyārem*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he has raised up",
"*qeren*": "noun feminine singular - horn",
"*leʿammô*": "preposition + noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - for his people",
"*tehillâ*": "noun feminine singular - praise",
"*lekol*": "preposition + construct noun - for all of",
"*ḥăsîdāyw*": "noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his faithful ones",
"*libnê*": "preposition + noun masculine plural construct - for sons of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*ʿam*": "noun masculine singular construct - people of",
"*qerōbô*": "adjective masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his near",
"*hallelû*": "imperative plural - praise",
"*Yāh*": "proper noun, abbreviated form of YHWH"
},
"variants": {
"*Wayyārem*": "and he has raised up/lifted up/exalted",
"*qeren*": "horn/power/strength/dignity",
"*ʿammô*": "his people/his nation/his folk",
"*tehillâ*": "praise/glory/renown",
"*ḥăsîdāyw*": "his faithful ones/his godly ones/his saints",
"*benê*": "sons of/children of/descendants of",
"*ʿam*": "people/nation/folk",
"*qerōbô*": "his near/his close/those near to him"
}
}