Jeremiah 25:10

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.10", "source": "וְהַאֲבַדְתִּ֣י מֵהֶ֗ם ק֤וֹל שָׂשׂוֹן֙ וְק֣וֹל שִׂמְחָ֔ה ק֥וֹל חָתָ֖ן וְק֣וֹל כַּלָּ֑ה ק֥וֹל רֵחַ֖יִם וְא֥וֹר נֵֽר׃", "text": "And *haʾăbadtî* from them *qôl* *śāśôn* and *qôl* *śimḥāh*, *qôl* *ḥātān* and *qôl* *kallāh*, *qôl* *rēḥayim* and *ʾôr* *nēr*.", "grammar": { "*haʾăbadtî*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 1st singular - I will destroy/eliminate", "*qôl*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - voice/sound", "*śāśôn*": "noun, masculine, singular - joy/gladness", "*śimḥāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - joy/gladness", "*ḥātān*": "noun, masculine, singular - bridegroom", "*kallāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - bride", "*rēḥayim*": "noun, feminine, dual - millstones", "*ʾôr*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - light", "*nēr*": "noun, masculine, singular - lamp" }, "variants": { "*haʾăbadtî*": "I will destroy/eliminate/cause to perish", "*qôl*": "voice/sound/noise", "*śāśôn*": "joy/gladness/rejoicing", "*śimḥāh*": "joy/gladness/mirth", "*rēḥayim*": "millstones/grinding stones", "*ʾôr*": "light/illumination", "*nēr*": "lamp/light" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְהַאֲבַדְתִּ֣י מֵהֶ֗ם ק֤וֹל שָׂשׂוֹן֙ וְק֣וֹל שִׂמְחָ֔ה ק֥וֹל חָתָ֖ן וְק֣וֹל כַּלָּ֑ה ק֥וֹל רֵחַ֖יִם וְא֥וֹר נֵֽר׃

Transliteration

And haʾăbadtî from them qôl śāśôn and qôl śimḥāh, qôl ḥātān and qôl kallāh, qôl rēḥayim and ʾôr nēr.

Grammar Details

• *haʾăbadtî*: verb, hiphil perfect, 1st singular - I will destroy/eliminate
• *qôl*: noun, masculine, singular construct - voice/sound
• *śāśôn*: noun, masculine, singular - joy/gladness
• *śimḥāh*: noun, feminine, singular - joy/gladness
• *ḥātān*: noun, masculine, singular - bridegroom
• *kallāh*: noun, feminine, singular - bride
• *rēḥayim*: noun, feminine, dual - millstones
• *ʾôr*: noun, masculine, singular construct - light
• *nēr*: noun, masculine, singular - lamp

Word Meanings

• *haʾăbadtî*: I will destroy/eliminate/cause to perish
• *qôl*: voice/sound/noise
• *śāśôn*: joy/gladness/rejoicing
• *śimḥāh*: joy/gladness/mirth
• *rēḥayim*: millstones/grinding stones
• *ʾôr*: light/illumination
• *nēr*: lamp/light

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  I will banish from them the sound of joy and gladness, the voice of the bridegroom and the bride, the sound of millstones and the light of the lamp.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Moreover I will take from them the voice of mirth, and the voice of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom, and the voice of the bride, the sound of the millstones, and the light of the candle.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  Moreover I will take from them the voice of mirth, the voice of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom, and the voice of the bride, the sound of the millstones, and the light of the candle.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Moreover I will take from them the voice of mirth, and the voice of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom, and the voice of the bride, the sound of the millstones, and the light of the candle.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  Moreover I will take from them the voice of mirth and the voice of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom and the voice of the bride, the sound of the millstones, and the light of the lamp.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Moreover I will take from them the voice of mirth, and the voice of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom, and the voice of the bride, the sound of the millstones, and the light of the candle.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Morouer, I will take from them the voyce of gladnesse and solace, the voyce of the brydegrome & the bryde, the voyce of the anoynted, with the cre?shettes:

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Moreouer I will take from them the voyce of mirth and the voyce of gladnesse, the voyce of the bridegrome and the voyce of the bride, the noise of the milstones, and the light of the candle.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Moreouer, I wyll take from them the voyce of gladnesse and solace, the voyce of the bridegrome and the bride, the noyse of the milstones, and the light of the cressets.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Moreover I will take from them the voice of mirth, and the voice of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom, and the voice of the bride, the sound of the millstones, and the light of the candle.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Moreover I will take from them the voice of mirth and the voice of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom and the voice of the bride, the sound of the millstones, and the light of the lamp.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And I have destroyed from them the voice of rejoicing, and the voice of joy, voice of bridegroom and voice of bride, noise of millstones, and the light of lamps.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Moreover I will take from them the voice of mirth and the voice of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom and the voice of the bride, the sound of the millstones, and the light of the lamp.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Moreover I will take from them the voice of mirth and the voice of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom and the voice of the bride, the sound of the millstones, and the light of the lamp.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And more than this, I will take from them the sound of laughing voices, the voice of joy, the voice of the newly-married man, and the voice of the bride, the sound of the stones crushing the grain, and the shining of lights.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Moreover I will take from them the voice of mirth and the voice of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom and the voice of the bride, the sound of the millstones, and the light of the lamp.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  I will put an end to the sounds of joy and gladness, to the glad celebration of brides and grooms in these lands. I will put an end to the sound of people grinding meal. I will put an end to lamps shining in their houses.

Referenced Verses

• Jer 7:34 : 34 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.7.34", "source": "וְהִשְׁבַּתִּ֣י ׀ מֵעָרֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֗ה וּמֵֽחֻצוֹת֙ יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם ק֤וֹל שָׂשׂוֹן֙ וְק֣וֹל שִׂמְחָ֔ה ק֥וֹל חָתָ֖ן וְק֣וֹל כַּלָּ֑ה כִּ֥י לְחָרְבָּ֖ה תִּהְיֶ֥ה הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "*wə-hišbattî* from-*ʿārê* *yəhûdâ* and-from-*ḥuṣôt* *yərûšālaim* *qôl* *śāśôn* *wə-qôl* *śimḥâ* *qôl* *ḥātān* *wə-qôl* *kallâ* *kî* for-*ḥorbâ* *tihyeh* *hā-ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*wə-hišbattî*": "conjunction + hiphil perfect, 1st person singular - and I will cause to cease", "*ʿārê*": "construct plural noun - cities of", "*yəhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*ḥuṣôt*": "construct plural noun - streets of", "*yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*qôl*": "masculine singular construct noun - voice of/sound of", "*śāśôn*": "masculine singular noun - joy/gladness", "*wə-qôl*": "conjunction + masculine singular construct noun - and voice of", "*śimḥâ*": "feminine singular noun - rejoicing/happiness", "*ḥātān*": "masculine singular noun - bridegroom", "*kallâ*": "feminine singular noun - bride", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ḥorbâ*": "feminine singular noun - waste/desolation", "*tihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it will be", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the land" }, "variants": { "*hišbattî*": "cause to cease/end/make disappear", "*ḥuṣôt*": "streets/outside areas/plazas", "*qôl*": "voice/sound/noise", "*śāśôn*": "joy/gladness/exultation", "*śimḥâ*": "rejoicing/happiness/celebration", "*ḥorbâ*": "waste/desolation/ruin" } }
• Ezek 26:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.26.13", "source": "וְהִשְׁבַּתִּ֖י הֲמ֣וֹן שִׁירָ֑יִךְ וְק֣וֹל כִּנּוֹרַ֔יִךְ לֹ֥א יִשָּׁמַ֖ע עֽוֹד׃", "text": "And *hishbattî* *hămôn* your *shîrāyik*, and *qôl* your *kinnôrayik* not *yishshāma'* *'ôd*.", "grammar": { "*hishbattî*": "hiphil perfect, 1st person singular - I will make cease", "*hămôn*": "masculine singular construct - noise of", "*shîrāyik*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your songs", "*qôl*": "masculine singular construct - sound of", "*kinnôrayik*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your harps", "*yishshāma'*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will be heard", "*'ôd*": "adverb - again/anymore" }, "variants": { "*hămôn*": "noise/tumult/multitude", "*kinnôrayik*": "your harps/your lyres" } }
• Rev 18:22-23 : 22 { "verseID": "Revelation.18.22", "source": "Καὶ φωνὴ κιθαρῳδῶν, καὶ μουσικῶν, καὶ αὐλητῶν, καὶ σαλπιστῶν, οὐ μὴ ἀκουσθῇ ἐν σοὶ ἔτι· καὶ πᾶς τεχνίτης, πάσης τέχνης, οὐ μὴ εὑρεθῇ ἐν σοὶ ἔτι· καὶ φωνὴ μύλου οὐ μὴ ἀκουσθῇ ἐν σοὶ ἔτι·", "text": "And *phōnē* of *kitharōdōn*, and of *mousikōn*, and of *aulētōn*, and of *salpistōn*, *ou mē* *akousthē* in you *eti*; and every *technitēs* of every *technēs*, *ou mē* *heurethē* in you *eti*; and *phōnē* of *mylou* *ou mē* *akousthē* in you *eti*;", "grammar": { "*phōnē*": "noun, nominative, feminine, singular - sound/voice", "*kitharōdōn*": "noun, genitive, masculine, plural - harpists", "*mousikōn*": "noun/adjective, genitive, masculine, plural - musicians", "*aulētōn*": "noun, genitive, masculine, plural - flute players", "*salpistōn*": "noun, genitive, masculine, plural - trumpeters", "*ou mē*": "emphatic negation - by no means/certainly not", "*akousthē*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might be heard", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*soi*": "personal pronoun, dative, 2nd person singular - you", "*eti*": "adverb - anymore/any longer", "*pas*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, singular - every/all", "*technitēs*": "noun, nominative, masculine, singular - craftsman/artisan", "*pasēs*": "adjective, genitive, feminine, singular - every/all", "*technēs*": "noun, genitive, feminine, singular - craft/art/trade", "*heurethē*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might be found", "*mylou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - millstone/mill" }, "variants": { "*phōnē*": "sound/voice/noise", "*kitharōdōn*": "harpists/lyre players", "*mousikōn*": "musicians/musical performers", "*aulētōn*": "flute players/flautists", "*salpistōn*": "trumpeters/bugle players", "*akousthē*": "might be heard/will be heard", "*technitēs*": "craftsman/artisan/skilled worker", "*technēs*": "craft/art/trade/skill", "*heurethē*": "might be found/will be found", "*mylou*": "millstone/mill/grinding sound" } } 23 { "verseID": "Revelation.18.23", "source": "Καὶ φῶς λύχνου οὐ μὴ φάνῃ ἐν σοὶ ἔτι· καὶ φωνὴ νυμφίου καὶ νύμφης οὐ μὴ ἀκουσθῇ ἐν σοὶ ἔτι: ὅτι οἱ ἔμποροί σου ἦσαν οἱ μεγιστᾶνες τῆς γῆς· ὅτι ἐν τῇ φαρμακείᾳ σου ἐπλανήθησαν πάντα τὰ ἔθνη.", "text": "And *phōs* of *lychnou* *ou mē* *phanē* in you *eti*; and *phōnē* of *nymphiou* and of *nymphēs* *ou mē* *akousthē* in you *eti*: because the *emporoi* of you *ēsan* the *megistanes* of the *gēs*; because in the *pharmakeia* of you *eplanēthēsan* all the *ethnē*.", "grammar": { "*phōs*": "noun, nominative, neuter, singular - light", "*lychnou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - lamp", "*ou mē*": "emphatic negation - by no means/certainly not", "*phanē*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might shine/appear", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*soi*": "personal pronoun, dative, 2nd person singular - you", "*eti*": "adverb - anymore/any longer", "*phōnē*": "noun, nominative, feminine, singular - voice/sound", "*nymphiou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - bridegroom", "*nymphēs*": "noun, genitive, feminine, singular - bride", "*akousthē*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might be heard", "*hoti*": "conjunction - because/for", "*hoi emporoi*": "noun, nominative, masculine, plural - merchants", "*sou*": "personal pronoun, genitive, 2nd person singular - of you", "*ēsan*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person plural - were", "*hoi megistanes*": "adjective used as noun, nominative, masculine, plural - great ones/magnates", "*tēs gēs*": "noun, genitive, feminine, singular - earth/land", "*en*": "preposition + dative - by", "*tē pharmakeia*": "noun, dative, feminine, singular - sorcery/magic arts", "*sou*": "personal pronoun, genitive, 2nd person singular - of you", "*eplanēthēsan*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person plural - were deceived/led astray", "*panta*": "adjective, nominative, neuter, plural - all", "*ta ethnē*": "noun, nominative, neuter, plural - nations/peoples" }, "variants": { "*phōs*": "light/brightness", "*lychnou*": "lamp/light", "*phanē*": "might shine/might appear/might be seen", "*phōnē*": "voice/sound/noise", "*nymphiou*": "bridegroom", "*nymphēs*": "bride", "*akousthē*": "might be heard/will be heard", "*emporoi*": "merchants/traders/businessmen", "*ēsan*": "were", "*megistanes*": "great ones/magnates/nobles/mighty men", "*gēs*": "earth/land/ground", "*pharmakeia*": "sorcery/magic arts/witchcraft/drug use", "*eplanēthēsan*": "were deceived/were led astray/were misled", "*ethnē*": "nations/peoples/gentiles" } }
• Jer 16:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.16.9", "source": "כִּי֩ כֹ֨ה אָמַ֜ר יְהוָ֤ה צְבָאוֹת֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל הִנְנִ֨י מַשְׁבִּ֜ית מִן־הַמָּק֥וֹם הַזֶּ֛ה לְעֵינֵיכֶ֖ם וּבִֽימֵיכֶ֑ם ק֤וֹל שָׂשׂוֹן֙ וְק֣וֹל שִׂמְחָ֔ה ק֥וֹל חָתָ֖ן וְק֥וֹל כַּלָּֽה׃", "text": "For *kōh* *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ṣəḇāʾôṯ* *ʾĕlōhê* *yiśrāʾēl* behold-I *mašbîṯ* from *ha-māqôm* *ha-zzeh* to-*ʿênêḵem* and-in-*bîmêḵem* *qôl* *śāśôn* and-*qôl* *śimḥāh* *qôl* *ḥāṯān* and-*qôl* *kallāh*", "grammar": { "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he said/spoke", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*ṣəḇāʾôṯ*": "feminine plural noun - hosts/armies", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct noun - God of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*mašbîṯ*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - causing to cease", "*ha-māqôm*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the place", "*ha-zzeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*ʿênêḵem*": "feminine dual noun + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your eyes", "*bîmêḵem*": "masculine plural noun + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your days", "*qôl*": "masculine singular construct - voice/sound of", "*śāśôn*": "masculine singular noun - joy/rejoicing", "*śimḥāh*": "feminine singular noun - joy/gladness", "*ḥāṯān*": "masculine singular noun - bridegroom", "*kallāh*": "feminine singular noun - bride" }, "variants": { "*ṣəḇāʾôṯ*": "hosts/armies", "*mašbîṯ*": "causing to cease/end/stop", "*śāśôn*": "joy/rejoicing/gladness", "*śimḥāh*": "joy/gladness/mirth" } }
• Jer 33:10-11 : 10 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.33.10", "source": "כֹּ֣ה ׀ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה עוֹד֮ יִשָּׁמַ֣ע בַּמָּקוֹם־הַזֶּה֒ אֲשֶׁר֙ אַתֶּ֣ם אֹֽמְרִ֔ים חָרֵ֣ב ה֔וּא מֵאֵ֥ין אָדָ֖ם וּמֵאֵ֣ין בְּהֵמָ֑ה בְּעָרֵ֤י יְהוּדָה֙ וּבְחֻצ֣וֹת יְרוּשָׁלִַ֔ם הַֽנְשַׁמּ֗וֹת מֵאֵ֥ין אָדָ֛ם וּמֵאֵ֥ין יוֹשֵׁ֖ב וּמֵאֵ֥ין בְּהֵמָֽה׃", "text": "Thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* yet *yiššāmaʿ* in *hammāqôm-hazzeh* which you *ʾōmərîm* *ḥārēḇ* he from *ʾên* *ʾāḏām* and from *ʾên* *bəhēmāh* in *ʿārê* *yəhûḏāh* and in *ḥuṣôṯ* *yərûšālaim* *hanšammôṯ* from *ʾên* *ʾāḏām* and from *ʾên* *yôšēḇ* and from *ʾên* *bəhēmāh*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3ms - he said/says", "*yiššāmaʿ*": "niphal imperfect 3ms - it will be heard", "*hammāqôm-hazzeh*": "definite article + noun ms + definite article + demonstrative ms - this place", "*ʾōmərîm*": "qal participle mp - saying", "*ḥārēḇ*": "adjective ms - desolate", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*ʾāḏām*": "noun ms - man/humanity", "*bəhēmāh*": "noun fs - beast/animal", "*ʿārê*": "noun fp construct - cities of", "*ḥuṣôṯ*": "noun fp construct - streets of", "*hanšammôṯ*": "definite article + niphal participle fp - the desolate ones", "*yôšēḇ*": "qal participle ms - inhabitant" }, "variants": { "*ḥārēḇ*": "desolate/waste/destroyed", "*hanšammôṯ*": "desolate/deserted/devastated", "*yôšēḇ*": "dweller/inhabitant/resident" } } 11 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.33.11", "source": "ק֣וֹל שָׂשׂ֞וֹן וְק֣וֹל שִׂמְחָ֗ה ק֣וֹל חָתָן֮ וְק֣וֹל כַּלָּה֒ ק֣וֹל אֹמְרִ֡ים הוֹדוּ֩ אֶת־יְהוָ֨ה צְבָא֜וֹת כִּֽי־ט֤וֹב יְהוָה֙ כִּֽי־לְעוֹלָ֣ם חַסְדּ֔וֹ מְבִאִ֥ים תּוֹדָ֖ה בֵּ֣ית יְהוָ֑ה כִּֽי־אָשִׁ֧יב אֶת־שְׁבוּת־הָאָ֛רֶץ כְּבָרִאשֹׁנָ֖ה אָמַ֥ר יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*qôl* *śāśôn* and *qôl* *śimḥāh* *qôl* *ḥāṯān* and *qôl* *kallāh* *qôl* *ʾōmərîm* *hôḏû* *YHWH* *ṣəḇāʾôṯ* for good *YHWH* for to forever *ḥasdô* *məḇīʾîm* *tôḏāh* *bêṯ* *YHWH* for *ʾāšîḇ* *šəḇûṯ-hāʾāreṣ* as *ḇārišōnāh* *ʾāmar* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*qôl*": "noun ms construct - voice of", "*śāśôn*": "noun ms - joy", "*śimḥāh*": "noun fs - gladness", "*ḥāṯān*": "noun ms - bridegroom", "*kallāh*": "noun fs - bride", "*ʾōmərîm*": "qal participle mp - saying", "*hôḏû*": "hiphil imperative mp - give thanks to", "*ṣəḇāʾôṯ*": "noun fp - hosts", "*ḥasdô*": "noun ms + 3ms suffix - his steadfast love", "*məḇīʾîm*": "hiphil participle mp - bringing", "*tôḏāh*": "noun fs - thanksgiving", "*bêṯ*": "noun ms construct - house of", "*ʾāšîḇ*": "hiphil imperfect 1s - I will restore", "*šəḇûṯ-hāʾāreṣ*": "noun fs construct + definite article + noun fs - captivity of the land", "*ḇārišōnāh*": "preposition + definite article + adverb - as at the first", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3ms - he said" }, "variants": { "*śāśôn*": "joy/gladness/exultation", "*śimḥāh*": "joy/gladness/mirth", "*hôḏû*": "give thanks/praise/acknowledge", "*ḥasdô*": "his steadfast love/mercy/kindness", "*tôḏāh*": "thanksgiving/praise/confession", "*šəḇûṯ-hāʾāreṣ*": "captivity/fortunes/prosperity of the land" } }
• Hos 2:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Hosea.2.11", "source": "‫לָכֵ֣ן אָשׁ֔וּב וְלָקַחְתִּ֤י דְגָנִי֙ בְּעִתּ֔וֹ וְתִירוֹשִׁ֖י בְּמֽוֹעֲד֑וֹ וְהִצַּלְתִּי֙ צַמְרִ֣י וּפִשְׁתִּ֔י לְכַסּ֖וֹת אֶת־עֶרְוָתָֽהּ׃‬", "text": "Therefore *ʾāšûb* and *lāqaḥtî* *dəgānî* in-*ʿittô* and *tîrôšî* in-*môʿădô*; and *hiṣṣaltî* *ṣamrî* and *pištî* to-cover *ʾet*-*ʿerwātāh*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāšûb*": "qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will return", "*lāqaḥtî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I will take", "*dəgānî*": "noun + pronominal suffix, 1st singular - my grain", "*ʿittô*": "noun + pronominal suffix, 3rd singular, masculine - its time", "*tîrôšî*": "noun + pronominal suffix, 1st singular - my new wine", "*môʿădô*": "noun + pronominal suffix, 3rd singular, masculine - its season", "*hiṣṣaltî*": "hiphil perfect, 1st singular - I will rescue/take away", "*ṣamrî*": "noun + pronominal suffix, 1st singular - my wool", "*pištî*": "noun + pronominal suffix, 1st singular - my flax", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿerwātāh*": "noun + pronominal suffix, 3rd singular, feminine - her nakedness" }, "variants": { "*ʾāšûb*": "I will return/turn back/take back", "*lāqaḥtî*": "I will take/snatch/remove", "*dəgānî*": "my grain/corn/cereal", "*ʿittô*": "its time/its proper time/its season", "*tîrôšî*": "my new wine/my must", "*môʿădô*": "its appointed time/its season", "*hiṣṣaltî*": "I will rescue/snatch away/remove", "*ṣamrî*": "my wool/my fleece", "*pištî*": "my flax/my linen", "*ʿerwātāh*": "her nakedness/her shame/her exposed state" } }
• Esth 3:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Esther.3.13", "source": "וְנִשְׁל֨וֹחַ סְפָרִ֜ים בְּיַ֣ד הָרָצִים֮ אֶל־כָּל־מְדִינ֣וֹת הַמֶּלֶךְ֒ לְהַשְׁמִ֡יד לַהֲרֹ֣ג וּלְאַבֵּ֣ד אֶת־כָּל־הַ֠יְּהוּדִים מִנַּ֨עַר וְעַד־זָקֵ֜ן טַ֤ף וְנָשִׁים֙ בְּי֣וֹם אֶחָ֔ד בִּשְׁלוֹשָׁ֥ה עָשָׂ֛ר לְחֹ֥דֶשׁ שְׁנֵים־עָשָׂ֖ר הוּא־חֹ֣דֶשׁ אֲדָ֑ר וּשְׁלָלָ֖ם לָבֽוֹז׃", "text": "*wə-nišlôaḥ* *səp̄ārîm* by-*yad* the-*rāṣîm* to-all-*məḏînôṯ* the-*meleḵ* *lə-hašmîḏ* *la-hărōḡ* and-*lə-ʾabbēḏ* *ʾeṯ*-all-the-*yəhûḏîm* from-*naʿar* and-until-*zāqēn* *ṭap̄* and-*nāšîm* in-*yôm* *ʾeḥāḏ* in-*šəlôšāh* *ʿāśār* to-*ḥōḏeš* *šənêm*-*ʿāśār* it-*ḥōḏeš* *ʾăḏār* and-*šəlālām* *lā-ḇôz*", "grammar": { "*wə-nišlôaḥ*": "conjunction + Niphal infinitive absolute - and sending", "*səp̄ārîm*": "masculine plural - letters/documents", "*yad*": "feminine singular construct - hand of", "*rāṣîm*": "masculine plural - runners/couriers", "*məḏînôṯ*": "feminine plural construct - provinces of", "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular - king", "*lə-hašmîḏ*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct - to destroy", "*la-hărōḡ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to kill", "*lə-ʾabbēḏ*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct - to annihilate", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*yəhûḏîm*": "masculine plural - Jews", "*naʿar*": "masculine singular - young man/boy", "*zāqēn*": "masculine singular - old man", "*ṭap̄*": "masculine singular collective - children", "*nāšîm*": "feminine plural - women", "*yôm*": "masculine singular - day", "*ʾeḥāḏ*": "masculine singular number - one", "*šəlôšāh*": "cardinal number - three", "*ʿāśār*": "cardinal number - ten", "*ḥōḏeš*": "masculine singular - month", "*šənêm*": "cardinal number - two", "*ʾăḏār*": "proper noun - Adar (month name)", "*šəlālām*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their plunder", "*lā-ḇôz*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to plunder" }, "variants": { "*nišlôaḥ*": "being sent/dispatched", "*səp̄ārîm*": "letters/documents/scrolls", "*rāṣîm*": "runners/couriers/messengers", "*lə-hašmîḏ*": "to destroy/exterminate/eliminate", "*la-hărōḡ*": "to kill/slay/murder", "*lə-ʾabbēḏ*": "to destroy/annihilate/cause to perish", "*naʿar*": "young man/boy/youth", "*zāqēn*": "old man/elder", "*ṭap̄*": "children/little ones", "*šəlālām*": "their plunder/spoil/possessions", "*lā-ḇôz*": "to plunder/spoil/take as prey" } }
• Esth 7:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Esther.7.4", "source": "כִּ֤י נִמְכַּ֙רְנוּ֙ אֲנִ֣י וְעַמִּ֔י לְהַשְׁמִ֖יד לַהֲר֣וֹג וּלְאַבֵּ֑ד וְ֠אִלּוּ לַעֲבָדִ֨ים וְלִשְׁפָח֤וֹת נִמְכַּ֙רְנוּ֙ הֶחֱרַ֔שְׁתִּי כִּ֣י אֵ֥ין הַצָּ֛ר שֹׁוֶ֖ה בְּנֵ֥זֶק הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃", "text": "For *nimkarnû* I and my *ʿammî* to *lᵊhašmîd* to *lahărôg* and to *lᵊʾabbēd*; and *wᵊʾillû* to *laʿăḇādîm* and to *lišpāḥôt* *nimkarnû* I would have *heḥĕraštî*, for *ʾên* the *ṣār* *šôweh* in *bᵊnēzeq* the *melek*.", "grammar": { "*nimkarnû*": "niphal perfect 1st common plural - we have been sold", "*ʿammî*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 1st common singular suffix - my people", "*lᵊhašmîd*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to destroy/exterminate", "*lahărôg*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to kill/slay", "*lᵊʾabbēd*": "preposition + piel infinitive construct - to annihilate/destroy", "*wᵊʾillû*": "conjunction + conditional particle - but if", "*laʿăḇādîm*": "preposition + noun masculine plural - to slaves/servants", "*lišpāḥôt*": "preposition + noun feminine plural - to female slaves/servants", "*heḥĕraštî*": "hiphil perfect 1st common singular - I would have kept silent", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*ṣār*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the adversary/enemy", "*šôweh*": "qal participle masculine singular - equaling/compensating", "*bᵊnēzeq*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - in damage to", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the king" }, "variants": { "*lᵊhašmîd*": "to destroy/exterminate/annihilate", "*lahărôg*": "to kill/slay/murder", "*lᵊʾabbēd*": "to destroy/annihilate/cause to perish", "*wᵊʾillû*": "but if/yet if/even if", "*ṣār*": "enemy/adversary/oppressor", "*šôweh*": "equal to/worth/compensating for", "*bᵊnēzeq*": "in damage/loss/injury to" } }
• Esth 8:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Esther.8.11", "source": "אֲשֶׁר֩ נָתַ֨ן הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ לַיְּהוּדִ֣ים ׀ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּכָל־עִיר־וָעִ֗יר לְהִקָּהֵל֮ וְלַעֲמֹ֣ד עַל־נַפְשָׁם֒ לְהַשְׁמִיד֩ וְלַהֲרֹ֨ג וּלְאַבֵּ֜ד אֶת־כָּל־חֵ֨יל עַ֧ם וּמְדִינָ֛ה הַצָּרִ֥ים אֹתָ֖ם טַ֣ף וְנָשִׁ֑ים וּשְׁלָלָ֖ם לָבֽוֹז׃", "text": "Which *nātan* the *melek* to the *yĕhûdîm* which in every-*'îr*-and *'îr* to *hiqqāhēl* and to *'ămōd* upon-*napšām* to *hašmîd* and to *hărōg* and to *'abbēd* *'ēt*-all-*ḥêl* *'am* and *mĕdînâ* the *ṣārîm* *'ōtām* *ṭap* and *nāšîm* and *šĕlālām* to *bôz*.", "grammar": { "*nātan*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he gave", "*'îr*": "feminine singular - city", "*hiqqāhēl*": "niphal infinitive construct - to assemble themselves", "*'ămōd*": "qal infinitive construct - to stand", "*napšām*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their life", "*hašmîd*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to destroy", "*hărōg*": "qal infinitive construct - to kill", "*'abbēd*": "piel infinitive construct - to annihilate", "*ḥêl*": "masculine singular construct - force of", "*'am*": "masculine singular - people", "*ṣārîm*": "definite qal participle, masculine plural - those adversaries", "*'ōtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine plural suffix - them", "*ṭap*": "masculine singular - children", "*nāšîm*": "feminine plural - women", "*šĕlālām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their plunder", "*bôz*": "qal infinitive construct - to plunder" }, "variants": { "*hiqqāhēl*": "to assemble/gather/organize", "*'ămōd* upon-*napšām*": "to defend themselves/protect their lives", "*hašmîd*": "to destroy/eliminate/exterminate", "*ḥêl*": "forces/army/troops", "*ṣārîm*": "adversaries/enemies/attackers", "*ṭap*": "children/little ones", "*šĕlālām* to *bôz*": "to plunder their possessions/take their property as spoil" } }
• Eccl 12:2-4 : 2 { "verseID": "Ecclesiastes.12.2", "source": "עַ֠ד אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹֽא־תֶחְשַׁ֤ךְ הַשֶּׁ֙מֶשׁ֙ וְהָא֔וֹר וְהַיָּרֵ֖חַ וְהַכּוֹכָבִ֑ים וְשָׁ֥בוּ הֶעָבִ֖ים אַחַ֥ר הַגָּֽשֶׁם׃", "text": "*ʿad* *ʾăšer* lō-*teḥšaḵ* ha-*šemeš* wə-hā-*ʾôr* wə-ha-*yārēaḥ* wə-ha-*kôḵāḇîm* wə-*šāḇû* he-*ʿāḇîm* *ʾaḥar* ha-*gāšem*", "grammar": { "*ʿad*": "preposition - until/before", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which/when", "*teḥšaḵ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - will be darkened", "*šemeš*": "noun, feminine singular - sun", "*ʾôr*": "noun, masculine singular - light", "*yārēaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - moon", "*kôḵāḇîm*": "noun, masculine plural - stars", "*šāḇû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they have returned", "*ʿāḇîm*": "noun, masculine plural - clouds", "*ʾaḥar*": "preposition - after", "*gāšem*": "noun, masculine singular - rain" }, "variants": { "*teḥšaḵ*": "becomes dark/is darkened/grows dim", "*šāḇû*": "return/come back/recur" } } 3 { "verseID": "Ecclesiastes.12.3", "source": "בַּיּ֗וֹם שֶׁיָּזֻ֙עוּ֙ שֹׁמְרֵ֣י הַבַּ֔יִת וְהִֽתְעַוְּת֖וּ אַנְשֵׁ֣י הֶחָ֑יִל וּבָטְל֤וּ הַטֹּֽחֲנוֹת֙ כִּ֣י מִעֵ֔טוּ וְחָשְׁכ֥וּ הָרֹא֖וֹת בָּאֲרֻבּֽוֹת׃", "text": "Ba-*yôm* še-*yāzuʿû* *šōmrê* ha-*bayit* wə-*hitʿawwətû* *ʾanšê* he-*ḥāyil* u-*ḇāṭlû* ha-*ṭōḥănôt* *kî* *miʿēṭû* wə-*ḥāšḵû* hā-*rōʾôt* bā-*ʾărubbôt*", "grammar": { "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day", "*yāzuʿû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will tremble", "*šōmrê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - keepers of", "*bayit*": "noun, masculine singular - house", "*hitʿawwətû*": "hithpael perfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they have bent themselves", "*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of", "*ḥāyil*": "noun, masculine singular - strength/might/valor", "*ḇāṭlû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person feminine plural - they have ceased", "*ṭōḥănôt*": "qal participle, feminine plural - grinders/grinding women", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*miʿēṭû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they have become few", "*ḥāšḵû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they have darkened", "*rōʾôt*": "qal participle, feminine plural - those seeing/lookers", "*ʾărubbôt*": "noun, feminine plural - windows/lattices" }, "variants": { "*šōmrê* ha-*bayit*": "keepers of the house (may refer to arms/hands metaphorically)", "*ʾanšê* he-*ḥāyil*": "men of strength/mighty men (may refer to legs metaphorically)", "*ṭōḥănôt*": "female grinders/grinding women (may refer to teeth metaphorically)", "*rōʾôt* bā-*ʾărubbôt*": "lookers through the windows (may refer to eyes metaphorically)" } } 4 { "verseID": "Ecclesiastes.12.4", "source": "וְסֻגְּר֤וּ דְלָתַ֙יִם֙ בַּשּׁ֔וּק בִּשְׁפַ֖ל ק֣וֹל הַֽטַּחֲנָ֑ה וְיָקוּם֙ לְק֣וֹל הַצִּפּ֔וֹר וְיִשַּׁ֖חוּ כָּל־בְּנ֥וֹת הַשִּֽׁיר׃", "text": "Wə-*suggərû* *dəlātayim* ba-*šûq* bi-*špal* *qôl* ha-*ṭaḥănāh* wə-*yāqûm* lə-*qôl* ha-*ṣippôr* wə-*yiššaḥû* kāl-*bənôt* ha-*šîr*", "grammar": { "*suggərû*": "pual perfect, 3rd person plural - they are closed/shut", "*dəlātayim*": "noun, feminine dual - double doors/gates", "*šûq*": "noun, masculine singular - street/marketplace", "*špal*": "infinitive construct - to be low/when becomes low", "*qôl*": "noun, masculine singular - sound/voice", "*ṭaḥănāh*": "noun, feminine singular - grinding/mill", "*yāqûm*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will rise", "*qôl*": "noun, masculine singular - sound/voice", "*ṣippôr*": "noun, common singular - bird/sparrow", "*yiššaḥû*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will be brought low", "*bənôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - daughters of", "*šîr*": "noun, masculine singular - song/singing" }, "variants": { "*dəlātayim*": "double doors/gates (may refer to lips metaphorically)", "*qôl* ha-*ṭaḥănāh*": "sound of grinding (may refer to diminished eating/chewing sounds)", "*yāqûm* lə-*qôl* ha-*ṣippôr*": "rises at the sound of a bird (awakening at dawn/early waking)", "*bənôt* ha-*šîr*": "daughters of song (singing women/musical notes/ability to sing or hear music)" } }
• Isa 24:7-9 : 7 { "verseID": "Isaiah.24.7", "source": "אָבַ֥ל תִּיר֖וֹשׁ אֻמְלְלָה־גָ֑פֶן נֶאֶנְח֖וּ כָּל־שִׂמְחֵי־לֵֽב׃", "text": "*ʾābal* *tîrôš* *ʾuməlelāh*-*gāpen* *neʾenḥû* all-*śimḥê*-*lēb*", "grammar": { "*ʾābal*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - mourns", "*tîrôš*": "common noun, masculine singular - new wine", "*ʾuməlelāh*": "Pulal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - languishes/withers", "*gāpen*": "common noun, feminine singular - vine", "*neʾenḥû*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd person common plural - sigh/groan", "*śimḥê*": "adjective, masculine plural construct - joyful of/merry of", "*lēb*": "common noun, masculine singular - heart" }, "variants": { "*ʾābal*": "mourns/laments/dries up", "*tîrôš*": "new wine/fresh grape juice", "*ʾuməlelāh*": "languishes/withers/droops", "*gāpen*": "vine/grapevine", "*neʾenḥû*": "sigh/groan/moan", "*śimḥê-lēb*": "merry-hearted/joyful ones/those of joyful heart" } } 8 { "verseID": "Isaiah.24.8", "source": "שָׁבַת֙ מְשׂ֣וֹשׂ תֻּפִּ֔ים חָדַ֖ל שְׁא֣וֹן עַלִּיזִ֑ים שָׁבַ֖ת מְשׂ֥וֹשׂ כִּנּֽוֹר׃", "text": "*šābat* *məśôś* *tuppîm* *ḥādal* *šəʾôn* *ʿallîzîm* *šābat* *məśôś* *kinnôr*", "grammar": { "*šābat*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - ceases", "*məśôś*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - mirth/joy of", "*tuppîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - timbrels/tambourines", "*ḥādal*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - ceases", "*šəʾôn*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - noise/tumult of", "*ʿallîzîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - jubilant ones/exultant ones", "*šābat*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - ceases", "*məśôś*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - mirth/joy of", "*kinnôr*": "common noun, masculine singular - lyre/harp" }, "variants": { "*šābat*": "ceases/stops/is stilled", "*məśôś*": "mirth/joy/gaiety", "*tuppîm*": "timbrels/tambourines/drums", "*ḥādal*": "ceases/stops/comes to an end", "*šəʾôn*": "noise/tumult/uproar", "*ʿallîzîm*": "jubilant ones/exultant ones/revelers", "*kinnôr*": "lyre/harp/stringed instrument" } } 9 { "verseID": "Isaiah.24.9", "source": "בַּשִּׁ֖יר לֹ֣א יִשְׁתּוּ־יָ֑יִן יֵמַ֥ר שֵׁכָ֖ר לְשֹׁתָֽיו׃", "text": "With-the-*šîr* not *yištû*-*yāyin* *yēmar* *šēkār* to-*šōtāyw*", "grammar": { "*šîr*": "common noun, masculine singular with preposition ב and definite article - with song", "*yištû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will drink", "*yāyin*": "common noun, masculine singular - wine", "*yēmar*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - is bitter", "*šēkār*": "common noun, masculine singular - strong drink", "*šōtāyw*": "Qal participle, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its drinkers" }, "variants": { "*šîr*": "song/singing", "*yištû*": "they will drink/they shall drink", "*yāyin*": "wine/fermented grape juice", "*yēmar*": "is bitter/turns bitter/becomes distasteful", "*šēkār*": "strong drink/intoxicating beverage", "*šōtāyw*": "its drinkers/those who drink it" } } 10 { "verseID": "Isaiah.24.10", "source": "נִשְׁבְּרָ֖ה קִרְיַת־תֹּ֑הוּ סֻגַּ֥ר כָּל־בַּ֖יִת מִבּֽוֹא׃", "text": "*nišbərāh* *qiryat*-*tōhû* *suggar* all-*bayit* from-*bôʾ*", "grammar": { "*nišbərāh*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - is broken down", "*qiryat*": "common noun, feminine singular construct - city of", "*tōhû*": "common noun, masculine singular - emptiness/chaos", "*suggar*": "Pual perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - is shut up", "*bayit*": "common noun, masculine singular - house", "*bôʾ*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition מ - from entering" }, "variants": { "*nišbərāh*": "is broken down/is shattered/is ruined", "*qiryat-tōhû*": "city of chaos/town of emptiness/city of confusion", "*suggar*": "is shut up/is closed/is barred", "*bôʾ*": "entering/going in/coming" } } 11 { "verseID": "Isaiah.24.11", "source": "צְוָחָ֥ה עַל־הַיַּ֖יִן בַּֽחוּצ֑וֹת עָֽרְבָה֙ כָּל־שִׂמְחָ֔ה גָּלָ֖ה מְשׂ֥וֹשׂ הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "*ṣəwāḥāh* over-the-*yayin* in-the-*ḥûṣôt* *ʿārəbāh* all-*śimḥāh* *gālāh* *məśôś* the-*ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*ṣəwāḥāh*": "common noun, feminine singular - outcry/wailing", "*yayin*": "common noun, masculine singular with definite article and preposition על - over the wine", "*ḥûṣôt*": "common noun, masculine plural with preposition ב and definite article - in the streets", "*ʿārəbāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - has darkened/grown evening", "*śimḥāh*": "common noun, feminine singular - joy/gladness", "*gālāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - has gone into exile/departed", "*məśôś*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - joy of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular with definite article - the earth/land" }, "variants": { "*ṣəwāḥāh*": "outcry/wailing/cry of distress", "*ḥûṣôt*": "streets/outside places/public squares", "*ʿārəbāh*": "has darkened/grown evening/become gloomy/passed away", "*śimḥāh*": "joy/gladness/mirth", "*gālāh*": "has gone into exile/departed/been removed", "*məśôś*": "joy/gladness/gaiety" } } 12 { "verseID": "Isaiah.24.12", "source": "נִשְׁאַ֥ר בָּעִ֖יר שַׁמָּ֑ה וּשְׁאִיָּ֖ה יֻכַּת־שָֽׁעַר׃", "text": "*nišʾar* in-the-*ʿîr* *šammāh* and-*šəʾiyyāh* *yukkat*-*šāʿar*", "grammar": { "*nišʾar*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - is left", "*ʿîr*": "common noun, feminine singular with preposition ב and definite article - in the city", "*šammāh*": "common noun, feminine singular - desolation", "*šəʾiyyāh*": "common noun, feminine singular with conjunction ו - and devastation", "*yukkat*": "Hophal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - is beaten down", "*šāʿar*": "common noun, masculine singular - gate" }, "variants": { "*nišʾar*": "is left/remains/is spared", "*šammāh*": "desolation/waste/horror", "*šəʾiyyāh*": "devastation/ruin/crash", "*yukkat*": "is beaten down/is battered/is struck", "*šāʿar*": "gate/entrance/city gate" } }