Prov 1:20-33 : 20 {
"verseID": "Proverbs.1.20",
"source": "חָ֭כְמוֹת בַּח֣וּץ תָּרֹ֑נָּה בָּ֝רְחֹב֗וֹת תִּתֵּ֥ן קוֹלָֽהּ׃",
"text": "*ḥokmot* *baḥuts* *taronnah* *barḥovot* *titten* *qolah*",
"grammar": {
"*ḥokmot*": "feminine plural noun (or singular with plural ending) - wisdom",
"*baḥuts*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - in the street",
"*taronnah*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - she cries aloud",
"*barḥovot*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - in the squares",
"*titten*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - she gives",
"*qolah*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her voice"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥokmot*": "wisdom (with intensive plural ending)/wisdoms",
"*ḥuts*": "street/outside/outward",
"*taronnah*": "cries aloud/calls out/shouts",
"*rḥov*": "square/open place/broad place",
"*titten*": "gives/utters/produces"
}
}
21 {
"verseID": "Proverbs.1.21",
"source": "בְּרֹ֥אשׁ הֹמִיּ֗וֹת תִּ֫קְרָ֥א בְּפִתְחֵ֖י שְׁעָרִ֥ים בָּעִ֗יר אֲמָרֶ֥יהָ תֹאמֵֽר׃",
"text": "*bərosh* *homiyyot* *tiqra'* *bəfitḥei* *she'arim* *ba'ir* *'amareha* *tomer*",
"grammar": {
"*bərosh*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - at the head of",
"*homiyyot*": "feminine plural adjective or noun - noisy/bustling places",
"*tiqra'*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - she calls",
"*bəfitḥei*": "preposition + masculine plural construct - at the openings of",
"*she'arim*": "masculine plural noun - gates",
"*ba'ir*": "preposition + feminine singular article + noun - in the city",
"*'amareha*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her words",
"*tomer*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - she speaks"
},
"variants": {
"*rosh*": "head/top/beginning",
"*homiyyot*": "noisy places/bustling places/tumultuous streets",
"*tiqra'*": "calls/proclaims/summons",
"*pitḥei*": "openings/entrances/doorways",
"*she'arim*": "gates/entrances",
"*'ir*": "city/town",
"*'amareha*": "her words/her sayings/her speeches"
}
}
22 {
"verseID": "Proverbs.1.22",
"source": "עַד־מָתַ֣י ׀ פְּתָיִם֮ תְּֽאֵהֲב֫וּ־פֶ֥תִי וְלֵצִ֗ים לָ֭צוֹן חָמְד֣וּ לָהֶ֑ם וּ֝כְסִילִ֗ים יִשְׂנְאוּ־דָֽעַת׃",
"text": "*'ad*-*matay* *pətayim* *tə'ehavu*-*feti* *wəletsim* *latson* *ḥamdu* *lahem* *ukəsilim* *yisne'u*-*da'at*",
"grammar": {
"*'ad*": "preposition - until",
"*matay*": "interrogative adverb - when",
"*pətayim*": "masculine plural noun - simple ones",
"*tə'ehavu*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you will love",
"*feti*": "masculine singular noun - simplicity",
"*wəletsim*": "conjunction + masculine plural participle - and scorners",
"*latson*": "masculine singular noun - scoffing",
"*ḥamdu*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they have delighted in",
"*lahem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - for themselves",
"*ukəsilim*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun - and fools",
"*yisne'u*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will hate",
"*da'at*": "feminine singular noun - knowledge"
},
"variants": {
"*pətayim*": "simple ones/naive/inexperienced",
"*tə'ehavu*": "love/desire/delight in",
"*feti*": "simplicity/naivety",
"*letsim*": "scorners/mockers/scoffers",
"*latson*": "scoffing/mocking/derision",
"*ḥamdu*": "delight in/desire/take pleasure in",
"*kəsilim*": "fools/stupid ones",
"*yisne'u*": "hate/despise/reject",
"*da'at*": "knowledge/perception/discernment"
}
}
23 {
"verseID": "Proverbs.1.23",
"source": "תָּשׁ֗וּבוּ לְֽת֫וֹכַחְתִּ֥י הִנֵּ֤ה אַבִּ֣יעָה לָכֶ֣ם רוּחִ֑י אוֹדִ֖יעָה דְבָרַ֣י אֶתְכֶֽם׃",
"text": "*tashuvu* *lətokhaḥti* *hinneh* *abbi'ah* *lakem* *ruḥi* *'odi'ah* *dəvaray* *'etkem*",
"grammar": {
"*tashuvu*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you will turn",
"*lətokhaḥti*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - to my reproof",
"*hinneh*": "interjection - behold",
"*abbi'ah*": "hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular cohortative - I will pour out",
"*lakem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - to you",
"*ruḥi*": "feminine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my spirit",
"*'odi'ah*": "hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular cohortative - I will make known",
"*dəvaray*": "masculine plural noun + 1st person singular suffix - my words",
"*'etkem*": "direct object marker + 2nd masculine plural suffix - you"
},
"variants": {
"*tashuvu*": "turn/return/repent",
"*tokhaḥti*": "my reproof/my rebuke/my correction",
"*abbi'ah*": "pour out/gush forth/bubble up",
"*ruḥi*": "my spirit/my breath/my wind",
"*'odi'ah*": "make known/declare/inform"
}
}
24 {
"verseID": "Proverbs.1.24",
"source": "יַ֣עַן קָ֭רָאתִי וַתְּמָאֵ֑נוּ נָטִ֥יתִי יָ֝דִ֗י וְאֵ֣ין מַקְשִֽׁיב׃",
"text": "*ya'an* *qarati* *wattəma'enu* *natiti* *yadi* *wə'ein* *maqshiv*",
"grammar": {
"*ya'an*": "conjunction - because",
"*qarati*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular - I called",
"*wattəma'enu*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - and you refused",
"*natiti*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular - I stretched out",
"*yadi*": "feminine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my hand",
"*wə'ein*": "conjunction + construct state particle of negation - and there is no",
"*maqshiv*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - one who pays attention"
},
"variants": {
"*qarati*": "called/summoned/invited",
"*wattəma'enu*": "you refused/you declined/you rejected",
"*natiti*": "stretched out/extended/reached out",
"*maqshiv*": "one who pays attention/listener/heeder"
}
}
25 {
"verseID": "Proverbs.1.25",
"source": "וַתִּפְרְע֥וּ כָל־עֲצָתִ֑י וְ֝תוֹכַחְתִּ֗י לֹ֣א אֲבִיתֶֽם׃",
"text": "*wattifre'u* *kol*-*'atsati* *wətokhaḥti* *lo* *'avitem*",
"grammar": {
"*wattifre'u*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - and you set aside",
"*kol*": "construct state - all of",
"*'atsati*": "feminine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my counsel",
"*wətokhaḥti*": "conjunction + feminine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - and my reproof",
"*lo*": "negative particle - not",
"*'avitem*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you were willing"
},
"variants": {
"*wattifre'u*": "set aside/ignore/neglect/reject",
"*'atsati*": "my counsel/my advice/my plan",
"*tokhaḥti*": "my reproof/my rebuke/my correction",
"*'avitem*": "were willing/consented/desired"
}
}
26 {
"verseID": "Proverbs.1.26",
"source": "גַּם־אֲ֭נִי בְּאֵידְכֶ֣ם אֶשְׂחָ֑ק אֶ֝לְעַ֗ג בְּבֹ֣א פַחְדְּכֶֽם׃",
"text": "*gam*-*'ani* *bə'eidkem* *'esḥaq* *'el'ag* *bəvo* *paḥdəkem*",
"grammar": {
"*gam*": "adverb - also",
"*'ani*": "1st person singular pronoun - I",
"*bə'eidkem*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 2nd masculine plural suffix - at your calamity",
"*'esḥaq*": "qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will laugh",
"*'el'ag*": "qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will mock",
"*bəvo*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - when comes",
"*paḥdəkem*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your terror"
},
"variants": {
"*'eid*": "calamity/disaster/distress",
"*'esḥaq*": "laugh/mock/deride",
"*'el'ag*": "mock/deride/scorn",
"*paḥd*": "terror/dread/fear"
}
}
27 {
"verseID": "Proverbs.1.27",
"source": "בְּבֹ֤א *כשאוה **כְשׁוֹאָ֨ה ׀ פַּחְדְּכֶ֗ם וְֽ֭אֵידְכֶם כְּסוּפָ֣ה יֶאֱתֶ֑ה בְּבֹ֥א עֲ֝לֵיכֶ֗ם צָרָ֥ה וְצוּקָֽה׃",
"text": "*bəvo* *kesho'ah* *paḥdəkem* *wə'eidkem* *kesufah* *ye'eteh* *bəvo* *'aleikem* *tsarah* *wətsuqah*",
"grammar": {
"*bəvo*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - when comes",
"*kesho'ah*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - like a storm",
"*paḥdəkem*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your terror",
"*wə'eidkem*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun + 2nd masculine plural suffix - and your calamity",
"*kesufah*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - like a whirlwind",
"*ye'eteh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it comes",
"*bəvo*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - when comes",
"*'aleikem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - upon you",
"*tsarah*": "feminine singular noun - distress",
"*wətsuqah*": "conjunction + feminine singular noun - and anguish"
},
"variants": {
"*sho'ah*": "storm/devastation/destruction",
"*'eid*": "calamity/disaster/distress",
"*sufah*": "whirlwind/storm/tempest",
"*ye'eteh*": "comes/arrives/approaches",
"*tsarah*": "distress/adversity/trouble",
"*tsuqah*": "anguish/distress/constraint"
}
}
28 {
"verseID": "Proverbs.1.28",
"source": "אָ֣ז יִ֭קְרָאֻנְנִי וְלֹ֣א אֶֽעֱנֶ֑ה יְ֝שַׁחֲרֻ֗נְנִי וְלֹ֣א יִמְצָאֻֽנְנִי׃",
"text": "*'az* *yiqra'unni* *wəlo* *'e'eneh* *yəshaḥarunni* *wəlo* *yimtsa'unni*",
"grammar": {
"*'az*": "adverb - then",
"*yiqra'unni*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural + 1st person singular suffix - they will call me",
"*wəlo*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not",
"*'e'eneh*": "qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will answer",
"*yəshaḥarunni*": "piel imperfect, 3rd masculine plural + 1st person singular suffix - they will seek me earnestly",
"*wəlo*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not",
"*yimtsa'unni*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural + 1st person singular suffix - they will find me"
},
"variants": {
"*yiqra'unni*": "they will call me/they will summon me",
"*'e'eneh*": "I will answer/I will respond",
"*yəshaḥarunni*": "they will seek me earnestly/they will search for me diligently",
"*yimtsa'unni*": "they will find me/they will discover me"
}
}
29 {
"verseID": "Proverbs.1.29",
"source": "תַּ֭חַת כִּי־שָׂ֣נְאוּ דָ֑עַת וְיִרְאַ֥ת יְ֝הֹוָ֗ה לֹ֣א בָחָֽרוּ׃",
"text": "*taḥat* *ki*-*san'u* *da'at* *wəyir'at* *YHWH* *lo* *vaḥaru*",
"grammar": {
"*taḥat*": "preposition - because",
"*ki*": "conjunction - that",
"*san'u*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they hated",
"*da'at*": "feminine singular noun - knowledge",
"*wəyir'at*": "conjunction + construct state, feminine singular - and fear of",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD",
"*lo*": "negative particle - not",
"*vaḥaru*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they chose"
},
"variants": {
"*taḥat*": "because/instead of/in place of",
"*san'u*": "they hated/they despised/they rejected",
"*da'at*": "knowledge/discernment/perception",
"*yir'at*": "fear of/reverence for/awe of",
"*vaḥaru*": "they chose/they selected/they preferred"
}
}
30 {
"verseID": "Proverbs.1.30",
"source": "לֹא־אָב֥וּ לַעֲצָתִ֑י נָ֝אֲצ֗וּ כָּל־תּוֹכַחְתִּֽי׃",
"text": "*lo*-*'avu* *la'atsati* *na'atsu* *kol*-*tokhaḥti*",
"grammar": {
"*lo*": "negative particle - not",
"*'avu*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they were willing",
"*la'atsati*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - for my counsel",
"*na'atsu*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they spurned",
"*kol*": "construct state - all of",
"*tokhaḥti*": "feminine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my reproof"
},
"variants": {
"*'avu*": "they were willing/they consented/they desired",
"*'atsati*": "my counsel/my advice/my plan",
"*na'atsu*": "they spurned/they despised/they rejected",
"*tokhaḥti*": "my reproof/my rebuke/my correction"
}
}
31 {
"verseID": "Proverbs.1.31",
"source": "וְֽ֭יֹאכְלוּ מִפְּרִ֣י דַרְכָּ֑ם וּֽמִמֹּעֲצֹ֖תֵיהֶ֣ם יִשְׂבָּֽעוּ׃",
"text": "*wəyoklu* *mippəri* *darkam* *umimmo'atsoteihem* *yisba'u*",
"grammar": {
"*wəyoklu*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they will eat",
"*mippəri*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - from fruit of",
"*darkam*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their way",
"*umimmo'atsoteihem*": "conjunction + preposition + feminine plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and from their counsels",
"*yisba'u*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will be filled"
},
"variants": {
"*yoklu*": "they will eat/they will consume/they will devour",
"*pəri*": "fruit/result/outcome",
"*darkam*": "their way/their path/their course",
"*mo'atsoteihem*": "their counsels/their plans/their devices",
"*yisba'u*": "they will be filled/they will be satisfied/they will have enough"
}
}
32 {
"verseID": "Proverbs.1.32",
"source": "כִּ֤י מְשׁוּבַ֣ת פְּתָיִ֣ם תַּֽהַרְגֵ֑ם וְשַׁלְוַ֖ת כְּסִילִ֣ים תְּאַבְּדֵֽם׃",
"text": "*ki* *məshuvat* *pətayim* *tahar'gem* *wəshalwat* *kəsilim* *tə'abbədem*",
"grammar": {
"*ki*": "conjunction - for",
"*məshuvat*": "construct state, feminine singular - turning away of",
"*pətayim*": "masculine plural noun - simple ones",
"*tahar'gem*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - it will kill them",
"*wəshalwat*": "conjunction + construct state, feminine singular - and complacency of",
"*kəsilim*": "masculine plural noun - fools",
"*tə'abbədem*": "piel imperfect, 3rd feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - it will destroy them"
},
"variants": {
"*məshuvat*": "turning away/backsliding/apostasy",
"*pətayim*": "simple ones/naive/inexperienced",
"*tahar'gem*": "it will kill them/it will slay them",
"*shalwat*": "complacency/ease/prosperity",
"*kəsilim*": "fools/stupid ones",
"*tə'abbədem*": "it will destroy them/it will cause them to perish"
}
}
33 {
"verseID": "Proverbs.1.33",
"source": "וְשֹׁמֵ֣עַֽ לִ֭י יִשְׁכָּן־בֶּ֑טַח וְ֝שַׁאֲנַ֗ן מִפַּ֥חַד רָעָֽה׃",
"text": "*wəshome'a* *li* *yishkon*-*betaḥ* *wəsha'anan* *mippaḥad* *ra'ah*",
"grammar": {
"*wəshome'a*": "conjunction + qal participle, masculine singular - and one who listens",
"*li*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - to me",
"*yishkon*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will dwell",
"*betaḥ*": "masculine singular noun - securely",
"*wəsha'anan*": "conjunction + pilpel participle, masculine singular - and at ease",
"*mippaḥad*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - from dread of",
"*ra'ah*": "feminine singular noun - evil"
},
"variants": {
"*shome'a*": "one who listens/one who hears/one who obeys",
"*yishkon*": "he will dwell/he will reside/he will abide",
"*betaḥ*": "securely/safely/confidently",
"*sha'anan*": "at ease/quiet/peaceful",
"*paḥad*": "dread/fear/terror",
"*ra'ah*": "evil/distress/misfortune"
}
}