Isa 14:4-9 : 4 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.14.4",
"source": "וְנָשָׂ֜אתָ הַמָּשָׁ֥ל הַזֶּ֛ה עַל־מֶ֥לֶךְ בָּבֶ֖ל וְאָמָ֑רְתָּ אֵ֚יךְ שָׁבַ֣ת נֹגֵ֔שׂ שָׁבְתָ֖ה מַדְהֵבָֽה׃",
"text": "And *nāśāʾtā* the-*māšāl* the-this against-*meleḵ* *bāḇel* and-*ʾāmārtā*: *ʾêḵ* *šāḇat* *nōḡēś*, *šāḇtāh* *madhēḇāh*.",
"grammar": {
"*nāśāʾtā*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you will take up/lift",
"*māšāl*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the proverb/taunt/oracle",
"*meleḵ*": "masculine singular noun - king",
"*bāḇel*": "proper noun - Babylon",
"*ʾāmārtā*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you will say",
"*ʾêḵ*": "interrogative adverb - how",
"*šāḇat*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he has ceased/stopped",
"*nōḡēś*": "qal active participle, masculine singular - oppressor/taskmaster",
"*šāḇtāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she has ceased/stopped",
"*madhēḇāh*": "feminine singular noun - insolence/golden city/oppression"
},
"variants": {
"*nāśāʾtā*": "take up/lift/raise/bear",
"*māšāl*": "proverb/taunt/parable/oracle",
"*šāḇat*": "cease/stop/rest/desist",
"*nōḡēś*": "oppressor/taskmaster/tyrant/driver",
"*madhēḇāh*": "insolence/golden city/golden one/oppression/place of gold"
}
}
5 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.14.5",
"source": "שָׁבַ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה מַטֵּ֣ה רְשָׁעִ֑ים שֵׁ֖בֶט מֹשְׁלִֽים׃",
"text": "*šāḇar* *YHWH* *maṭṭēh* *rǝšāʿîm*, *šēḇeṭ* *mōšǝlîm*.",
"grammar": {
"*šāḇar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he has broken",
"*maṭṭēh*": "masculine singular construct - staff/rod of",
"*rǝšāʿîm*": "masculine plural adjective - wicked ones",
"*šēḇeṭ*": "masculine singular construct - scepter/rod of",
"*mōšǝlîm*": "qal active participle, masculine plural - rulers"
},
"variants": {
"*šāḇar*": "break/shatter/crush/destroy",
"*maṭṭēh*": "staff/rod/branch",
"*rǝšāʿîm*": "wicked ones/evildoers/unjust ones",
"*šēḇeṭ*": "rod/staff/scepter/tribe",
"*mōšǝlîm*": "rulers/governors/those ruling"
}
}
6 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.14.6",
"source": "מַכֶּ֤ה עַמִּים֙ בְּעֶבְרָ֔ה מַכַּ֖ת בִּלְתִּ֣י סָרָ֑ה רֹדֶ֤ה בָאַף֙ גּוֹיִ֔ם מֻרְדָּ֖ף בְּלִ֥י חָשָֽׂךְ׃",
"text": "*makkeh* *ʿammîm* in-*ʿeḇrāh*, *makkat* *biltî* *sārāh*; *rōdeh* in-the-*ʾap̄* *gôyim*, *murdāp̄* *bǝlî* *ḥāśāḵ*.",
"grammar": {
"*makkeh*": "hiphil active participle, masculine singular - striking/smiting",
"*ʿammîm*": "masculine plural noun - peoples",
"*ʿeḇrāh*": "feminine singular noun - fury/wrath/rage",
"*makkat*": "construct form of feminine noun - blow/striking of",
"*biltî*": "negative particle - without/lack of",
"*sārāh*": "qal active participle, feminine singular - turning aside/ceasing",
"*rōdeh*": "qal active participle, masculine singular - ruling/subduing",
"*ʾap̄*": "masculine singular noun - anger/nose",
"*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun - nations",
"*murdāp̄*": "hophal participle, masculine singular - being pursued/persecuted",
"*bǝlî*": "negative particle - without/lack of",
"*ḥāśāḵ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - restraint/sparing"
},
"variants": {
"*makkeh*": "striking/smiting/beating",
"*ʿeḇrāh*": "fury/wrath/rage/overflow",
"*makkat*": "blow/stroke/plague/wound",
"*biltî*": "without/not/except",
"*sārāh*": "turning aside/ceasing/stopping",
"*rōdeh*": "ruling/subduing/treading down",
"*ʾap̄*": "anger/nose/wrath",
"*murdāp̄*": "being pursued/persecuted/chased",
"*ḥāśāḵ*": "restraint/sparing/holding back"
}
}
7 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.14.7",
"source": "נָ֥חָה שָׁקְטָ֖ה כָּל־הָאָ֑רֶץ פָּצְח֖וּ רִנָּֽה׃",
"text": "*nāḥāh* *šāqṭāh* all-the-*ʾāreṣ*; *pāṣḥû* *rinnāh*.",
"grammar": {
"*nāḥāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she rests/is quiet",
"*šāqṭāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she is quiet/undisturbed",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the earth/land",
"*pāṣḥû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they break forth",
"*rinnāh*": "feminine singular noun - joyful shouting/singing"
},
"variants": {
"*nāḥāh*": "rest/be quiet/settle down",
"*šāqṭāh*": "be quiet/be at rest/be undisturbed",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground/territory",
"*pāṣḥû*": "break forth/burst out/break out",
"*rinnāh*": "joyful shouting/singing/cry of joy"
}
}
8 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.14.8",
"source": "גַּם־בְּרוֹשִׁ֛ים שָׂמְח֥וּ לְךָ֖ אַרְזֵ֣י לְבָנ֑וֹן מֵאָ֣ז שָׁכַ֔בְתָּ לֹֽא־יַעֲלֶ֥ה הַכֹּרֵ֖ת עָלֵֽינוּ׃",
"text": "Also-*bǝrôšîm* *śāmǝḥû* for-you, *ʾarzê* *lǝḇānôn*; from-*ʾāz* *šāḵaḇtā*, not-*yaʿăleh* the-*kōrēt* against-us.",
"grammar": {
"*bǝrôšîm*": "masculine plural noun - cypress/fir trees",
"*śāmǝḥû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they rejoice",
"*ʾarzê*": "masculine plural construct - cedars of",
"*lǝḇānôn*": "proper noun - Lebanon",
"*ʾāz*": "temporal adverb - then/since",
"*šāḵaḇtā*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you lay down",
"*yaʿăleh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will come up",
"*kōrēt*": "qal active participle, masculine singular with definite article - the cutter/feller"
},
"variants": {
"*bǝrôšîm*": "cypress trees/fir trees/junipers",
"*śāmǝḥû*": "rejoice/be glad/delight",
"*ʾarzê*": "cedars of",
"*ʾāz*": "then/since/at that time",
"*šāḵaḇtā*": "you lay down/you reclined/you were laid low",
"*kōrēt*": "cutter/feller/one who cuts down"
}
}
9 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.14.9",
"source": "שְׁא֗וֹל מִתַּ֛חַת רָגְזָ֥ה לְךָ֖ לִקְרַ֣את בּוֹאֶ֑ךָ עוֹרֵ֨ר לְךָ֤ רְפָאִים֙ כָּל־עַתּ֣וּדֵי אָ֔רֶץ הֵקִים֙ מִכִּסְאוֹתָ֔ם כֹּ֖ל מַלְכֵ֥י גוֹיִֽם׃",
"text": "*šǝʾôl* from-*taḥat* *rāḡzāh* for-you to-*qirʾat* *bôʾeḵā*; *ʿôrēr* for-you *rǝp̄āʾîm*, all-*ʿattûdê* *ʾāreṣ*; *hēqîm* from-*kissǝʾôtām* all *malḵê* *ḡôyim*.",
"grammar": {
"*šǝʾôl*": "proper noun - Sheol/underworld",
"*taḥat*": "preposition - beneath/under",
"*rāḡzāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she is stirred/agitated",
"*qirʾat*": "construct form, feminine singular - meeting of",
"*bôʾeḵā*": "qal infinitive construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your coming",
"*ʿôrēr*": "polel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it arouses/stirs up",
"*rǝp̄āʾîm*": "masculine plural noun - spirits of the dead/shades",
"*ʿattûdê*": "masculine plural construct - leaders/chief ones of",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun - earth/land",
"*hēqîm*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it raises up",
"*kissǝʾôtām*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their thrones",
"*malḵê*": "masculine plural construct - kings of",
"*ḡôyim*": "masculine plural noun - nations"
},
"variants": {
"*šǝʾôl*": "Sheol/underworld/grave/realm of the dead",
"*rāḡzāh*": "is stirred/is agitated/trembles/is in turmoil",
"*ʿôrēr*": "arouses/stirs up/awakens",
"*rǝp̄āʾîm*": "shades/spirits of the dead/departed spirits",
"*ʿattûdê*": "leaders/chief ones/he-goats/rams",
"*hēqîm*": "raises up/causes to stand/establishes"
}
}
10 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.14.10",
"source": "כֻּלָּ֣ם יַֽעֲנ֔וּ וְיֹאמְר֖וּ אֵלֶ֑יךָ גַּם־אַתָּ֛ה חֻלֵּ֥יתָ כָמ֖וֹנוּ אֵלֵ֥ינוּ נִמְשָֽׁלְתָּ׃",
"text": "All-of-them *yaʿănû* and-*yōʾmǝrû* to-you: Also-you *ḥullêtā* like-us, to-us *nimšāltā*.",
"grammar": {
"*yaʿănû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will answer",
"*yōʾmǝrû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will say",
"*ḥullêtā*": "pual perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you have been weakened",
"*nimšāltā*": "niphal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you have been made like/compared"
},
"variants": {
"*yaʿănû*": "answer/respond/reply",
"*yōʾmǝrû*": "say/speak/tell",
"*ḥullêtā*": "have been weakened/made sick/made feeble",
"*nimšāltā*": "have been made like/have been compared/have become similar to"
}
}
11 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.14.11",
"source": "הוּרַ֥ד שְׁא֛וֹל גְּאוֹנֶ֖ךָ הֶמְיַ֣ת נְבָלֶ֑יךָ תַּחְתֶּ֙יךָ֙ יֻצַּ֣ע רִמָּ֔ה וּמְכַסֶּ֖יךָ תּוֹלֵעָֽה׃",
"text": "*hûrad* *šǝʾôl* *gǝʾôneḵā*, *hemyat* *nǝḇāleḵā*; beneath-you *yuṣṣaʿ* *rimmāh*, and-*mǝḵasseḵā* *tôlēʿāh*.",
"grammar": {
"*hûrad*": "hophal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - is brought down",
"*šǝʾôl*": "proper noun - Sheol/underworld",
"*gǝʾôneḵā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your pride/majesty",
"*hemyat*": "construct form, feminine singular - noise/sound of",
"*nǝḇāleḵā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your harps/instruments",
"*yuṣṣaʿ*": "hophal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - is spread out",
"*rimmāh*": "feminine singular noun - maggot/worm",
"*mǝḵasseḵā*": "plural construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your coverings",
"*tôlēʿāh*": "feminine singular noun - worm/grub"
},
"variants": {
"*hûrad*": "is brought down/is made to descend/is lowered",
"*gǝʾôneḵā*": "your pride/your pomp/your majesty/your arrogance",
"*hemyat*": "noise/sound/murmur/uproar",
"*nǝḇāleḵā*": "your harps/your instruments/your lutes",
"*yuṣṣaʿ*": "is spread out/is laid out/is made a bed",
"*rimmāh*": "maggot/worm",
"*tôlēʿāh*": "worm/grub/crimson"
}
}
12 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.14.12",
"source": "אֵ֛יךְ נָפַ֥לְתָּ מִשָּׁמַ֖יִם הֵילֵ֣ל בֶּן־שָׁ֑חַר נִגְדַּ֣עְתָּ לָאָ֔רֶץ חוֹלֵ֖שׁ עַל־גּוֹיִֽם׃",
"text": "*ʾêḵ* *nāp̄altā* from-*šāmayim*, *hêlēl* *ben*-*šāḥar*! *niḡdaʿtā* to-the-*ʾāreṣ*, *ḥôlēš* upon-*gôyim*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾêḵ*": "interrogative adverb - how",
"*nāp̄altā*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you have fallen",
"*šāmayim*": "masculine dual noun - heavens",
"*hêlēl*": "masculine singular noun - shining one/morning star",
"*ben*": "masculine singular construct - son of",
"*šāḥar*": "masculine singular noun - dawn/morning",
"*niḡdaʿtā*": "niphal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you are cut down",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with directional he - to the earth/land",
"*ḥôlēš*": "qal active participle, masculine singular - weakening/laying prostrate",
"*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun - nations"
},
"variants": {
"*nāp̄altā*": "have fallen/have descended/have been cast down",
"*hêlēl*": "shining one/morning star/Lucifer/day star",
"*šāḥar*": "dawn/morning/daybreak",
"*niḡdaʿtā*": "are cut down/are hewn down/are broken off",
"*ḥôlēš*": "weakening/casting down/prostrating/overthrowing"
}
}
13 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.14.13",
"source": "וְאַתָּ֞ה אָמַ֤רְתָּ בִֽלְבָבְךָ֙ הַשָּׁמַ֣יִם אֶֽעֱלֶ֔ה מִמַּ֥עַל לְכֽוֹכְבֵי־אֵ֖ל אָרִ֣ים כִּסְאִ֑י וְאֵשֵׁ֥ב בְּהַר־מוֹעֵ֖ד בְּיַרְכְּתֵ֥י צָפֽוֹן׃",
"text": "And-you *ʾāmartā* in-*lǝḇāḇǝḵā*: The-*šāmayim* *ʾeʿĕleh*, above *kôḵǝḇê*-*ʾēl* *ʾārîm* *kisʾî*; and-*ʾēšēḇ* in-*har*-*môʿēd* in-*yarḵǝtê* *ṣāp̄ôn*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾāmartā*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you have said",
"*lǝḇāḇǝḵā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your heart",
"*šāmayim*": "masculine dual noun with definite article - the heavens",
"*ʾeʿĕleh*": "qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will ascend",
"*kôḵǝḇê*": "masculine plural construct - stars of",
"*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - God/deity",
"*ʾārîm*": "hiphil imperfect, 1st singular - I will raise",
"*kisʾî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st singular suffix - my throne",
"*ʾēšēḇ*": "qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will sit/dwell",
"*har*": "masculine singular construct - mountain of",
"*môʿēd*": "masculine singular noun - assembly/meeting",
"*yarḵǝtê*": "feminine plural construct - remote parts/recesses of",
"*ṣāp̄ôn*": "masculine singular noun - north/northern"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾāmartā*": "have said/have thought/have spoken",
"*lǝḇāḇǝḵā*": "your heart/your mind/your inner self",
"*ʾeʿĕleh*": "I will ascend/I will go up/I will climb",
"*kôḵǝḇê*": "stars of",
"*ʾēl*": "God/deity/mighty one",
"*ʾārîm*": "I will raise/I will lift up/I will exalt",
"*ʾēšēḇ*": "I will sit/I will dwell/I will be enthroned",
"*har*-*môʿēd*": "mountain of assembly/mount of meeting/mount of congregation",
"*yarḵǝtê*": "remote parts/recesses/furthest parts",
"*ṣāp̄ôn*": "north/northern/north side"
}
}
14 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.14.14",
"source": "אֶעֱלֶ֖ה עַל־בָּ֣מֳתֵי עָ֑ב אֶדַּמֶּ֖ה לְעֶלְיֽוֹן׃",
"text": "*ʾeʿĕleh* upon-*bāmŏtê* *ʿāḇ*; *ʾeddammeh* to-*ʿelyôn*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾeʿĕleh*": "qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will ascend",
"*bāmŏtê*": "feminine plural construct - heights of",
"*ʿāḇ*": "masculine singular noun - cloud/thick cloud",
"*ʾeddammeh*": "hithpael imperfect, 1st singular - I will make myself like",
"*ʿelyôn*": "adjective/divine title - Most High"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾeʿĕleh*": "I will ascend/I will go up/I will climb",
"*bāmŏtê*": "heights/high places/backs",
"*ʿāḇ*": "cloud/thick cloud/dark cloud",
"*ʾeddammeh*": "I will make myself like/I will compare myself to/I will resemble",
"*ʿelyôn*": "Most High/Highest One/Supreme"
}
}
15 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.14.15",
"source": "אַ֧ךְ אֶל־שְׁא֛וֹל תּוּרָ֖ד אֶל־יַרְכְּתֵי־בֽוֹר׃",
"text": "Yet to-*šǝʾôl* *tûrād* to-*yarḵǝtê*-*ḇôr*.",
"grammar": {
"*šǝʾôl*": "proper noun - Sheol/underworld",
"*tûrād*": "hophal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you will be brought down",
"*yarḵǝtê*": "feminine plural construct - remote parts/recesses of",
"*ḇôr*": "masculine singular noun - pit/cistern"
},
"variants": {
"*šǝʾôl*": "Sheol/underworld/grave/realm of the dead",
"*tûrād*": "you will be brought down/you will be thrust down/you will be lowered",
"*yarḵǝtê*": "remote parts/recesses/furthest parts",
"*ḇôr*": "pit/cistern/dungeon"
}
}