John 19:20

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "John.19.20", "source": "Τοῦτον οὖν τὸν τίτλον πολλοὶ ἀνέγνωσαν τῶν Ἰουδαίων: ὅτι ἐγγὺς ἦν ὁ τόπος τῆς πόλεως ὅπου ἐσταυρώθη ὁ Ἰησοῦς: καὶ ἦν γεγραμμένον Ἑβραϊστί, Ἑλληνιστί, Ῥωμαϊστί.", "text": "*Touton oun ton titlon polloi anegnōsan tōn Ioudaiōn*: *hoti eggys ēn ho topos tēs poleōs hopou estaurōthē ho Iēsous*: and *ēn gegrammenon Hebraisti*, *Hellēnisti*, *Rhōmaisti*.", "grammar": { "*Touton*": "demonstrative pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular - this", "*oun*": "conjunction, inferential - therefore/then", "*ton titlon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - the title", "*polloi*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, plural - many", "*anegnōsan*": "aorist active, 3rd plural - they read", "*tōn Ioudaiōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of the Jews/Judeans", "*hoti*": "conjunction - because", "*eggys*": "adverb - near/close", "*ēn*": "imperfect active, 3rd singular - was", "*ho topos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - the place", "*tēs poleōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of the city", "*hopou*": "adverb, relative - where", "*estaurōthē*": "aorist passive, 3rd singular - was crucified", "*ho Iēsous*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Jesus", "*ēn*": "imperfect active, 3rd singular - it was", "*gegrammenon*": "perfect passive participle, nominative, neuter, singular - having been written", "*Hebraisti*": "adverb - in Hebrew/Aramaic", "*Hellēnisti*": "adverb - in Greek", "*Rhōmaisti*": "adverb - in Latin" }, "variants": { "*anegnōsan*": "read/recognized", "*eggys*": "near/close to", "*topos*": "place/location", "*poleōs*": "city/town", "*estaurōthē*": "was crucified/was executed", "*gegrammenon*": "written/inscribed", "*Hebraisti*": "in Hebrew/in Aramaic", "*Hellēnisti*": "in Greek", "*Rhōmaisti*": "in Latin/in Roman" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Τοῦτον οὖν τὸν τίτλον πολλοὶ ἀνέγνωσαν τῶν Ἰουδαίων: ὅτι ἐγγὺς ἦν ὁ τόπος τῆς πόλεως ὅπου ἐσταυρώθη ὁ Ἰησοῦς: καὶ ἦν γεγραμμένον Ἑβραϊστί, Ἑλληνιστί, Ῥωμαϊστί.

Transliteration

Touton oun ton titlon polloi anegnōsan tōn Ioudaiōn: hoti eggys ēn ho topos tēs poleōs hopou estaurōthē ho Iēsous: and ēn gegrammenon Hebraisti, Hellēnisti, Rhōmaisti.

Grammar Details

• *Touton*: demonstrative pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular - this
• *oun*: conjunction, inferential - therefore/then
• *ton titlon*: accusative, masculine, singular - the title
• *polloi*: adjective, nominative, masculine, plural - many
• *anegnōsan*: aorist active, 3rd plural - they read
• *tōn Ioudaiōn*: genitive, masculine, plural - of the Jews/Judeans
• *hoti*: conjunction - because
• *eggys*: adverb - near/close
• *ēn*: imperfect active, 3rd singular - it was
• *ho topos*: nominative, masculine, singular - the place
• *tēs poleōs*: genitive, feminine, singular - of the city
• *hopou*: adverb, relative - where
• *estaurōthē*: aorist passive, 3rd singular - was crucified
• *ho Iēsous*: nominative, masculine, singular - Jesus
• *gegrammenon*: perfect passive participle, nominative, neuter, singular - having been written
• *Hebraisti*: adverb - in Hebrew/Aramaic
• *Hellēnisti*: adverb - in Greek
• *Rhōmaisti*: adverb - in Latin

Word Meanings

• *anegnōsan*: read/recognized
• *eggys*: near/close to
• *topos*: place/location
• *poleōs*: city/town
• *estaurōthē*: was crucified/was executed
• *gegrammenon*: written/inscribed
• *Hebraisti*: in Hebrew/in Aramaic
• *Hellēnisti*: in Greek
• *Rhōmaisti*: in Latin/in Roman

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Many of the Jews read this sign, for the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city, and it was written in Aramaic, Latin, and Greek.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  This title then read many of the Jews: for the place where Jesus was crucified was nigh to the city: and it was written in Hebrew, and Greek, and Latin.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  This title many of the Jews read, for where Jesus was crucified was near the city: and it was written in Hebrew, Greek, and Latin.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  This title then read many of the Jews: for the place where Jesus was crucified was nigh to the city: and it was written in Hebrew, and Greek, and Latin.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  This{G5126} title{G5102} therefore{G3767} read{G314} many{G4183} of the Jews,{G2453} for{G3754} the place{G5117} where{G3699} Jesus{G2424} was{G2258} crucified was{G4717} nigh{G1451} to the city;{G4172} and{G2532} it was{G2258} written{G1125} in Hebrew,{G1447} [and] in Latin,{G4515} [and] in Greek.{G1676}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  This{G5126} title{G5102} then{G3767} read{G314}{(G5627)} many{G4183} of the Jews{G2453}: for{G3754} the place{G5117} where{G3699} Jesus{G2424} was crucified{G4717}{(G5681)} was{G2258}{(G5713)} nigh{G1451} to the city{G4172}: and{G2532} it was{G2258}{(G5713)} written{G1125}{(G5772)} in Hebrew{G1447}, and Greek{G1676}, and Latin{G4515}.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  This tytle reed many of the Iewes. For the place where Iesus was crucified was nye to the cite. And it was written in Hebrue Greke and Latyn.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  This superscripcion red many of the Iewes. For ye place where Iesus was crucifyed, was nye vnto the cite. And it was wrytten in Hebrue, Greke & Latyn.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  This title then read many of the Iewes: for the place where Iesus was crucified, was neere to the citie: and it was written in Hebrewe, Greeke and Latine.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  This title read many of the Iewes: For the place where Iesus was crucified, was nye to ye citie. And it was written in Hebrue, and Greke, and Latine.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  This title then read many of the Jews: for the place where Jesus was crucified was nigh to the city: and it was written in Hebrew, [and] Greek, [and] Latin.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Therefore many of the Jews read this title, for the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city; and it was written in Hebrew, in Latin, and in Greek.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  this title, therefore, read many of the Jews, because the place was nigh to the city where Jesus was crucified, and it was having been written in Hebrew, in Greek, in Roman.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  This title therefore read many of the Jews, for the place where Jesus was crucified was nigh to the city; and it was written in Hebrew, `and' in Latin, `and' in Greek.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  This title therefore read many of the Jews, for the place where Jesus was crucified was nigh to the city; and it was written in Hebrew, [and] in Latin, [and] in Greek.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  The writing was seen by a number of the Jews, for the place where Jesus was put to death on the cross was near the town; and the writing was in Hebrew and Latin and Greek.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Therefore many of the Jews read this title, for the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city; and it was written in Hebrew, in Latin, and in Greek.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Thus many of the Jewish residents of Jerusalem read this notice, because the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city, and the notice was written in Aramaic, Latin, and Greek.

Referenced Verses

• John 19:13 : 13 { "verseID": "John.19.13", "source": "Ὁ οὖν Πιλάτος ἀκούσας τοῦτον τὸν λόγον, ἤγαγεν ἔξω τὸν Ἰησοῦν, καὶ ἐκάθισεν ἐπὶ τοῦ βήματος εἰς τόπον λεγόμενον Λιθόστρωτον, Ἑβραϊστὶ δὲ, Γαββαθα.", "text": "The *oun Pilatos akousas touton ton logon*, *ēgagen exō ton Iēsoun*, and *ekathisen epi tou bēmatos eis topon legomenon Lithostrōton*, *Hebraisti de*, *Gabbatha*.", "grammar": { "*oun*": "conjunction, inferential - therefore/then", "*Pilatos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Pilate", "*akousas*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having heard", "*touton ton logon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - this word/statement", "*ēgagen*": "aorist active, 3rd singular - led/brought", "*exō*": "adverb - outside/out", "*ton Iēsoun*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Jesus", "*ekathisen*": "aorist active, 3rd singular - sat down/seated", "*epi*": "preposition with genitive - upon/on", "*tou bēmatos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - judgment seat/tribunal", "*eis*": "preposition with accusative - to/into", "*topon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - place", "*legomenon*": "present passive participle, accusative, masculine, singular - being called", "*Lithostrōton*": "accusative, neuter, singular - Stone Pavement", "*Hebraisti*": "adverb - in Hebrew/Aramaic", "*de*": "particle, contrastive - but/and", "*Gabbatha*": "proper noun - Gabbatha" }, "variants": { "*akousas*": "having heard/when he heard", "*ēgagen*": "led/brought/took", "*ekathisen*": "sat down/seated himself/took his seat/seated Jesus", "*bēmatos*": "judgment seat/tribunal/official platform", "*topon*": "place/location/spot", "*legomenon*": "called/named", "*Lithostrōton*": "Stone Pavement/Mosaic Pavement", "*Hebraisti*": "in Hebrew/in Aramaic", "*Gabbatha*": "elevated place/platform" } }
• Acts 21:37 : 37 { "verseID": "Acts.21.37", "source": "Μέλλων τε εἰσάγεσθαι εἰς τὴν παρεμβολὴν ὁ Παῦλος, λέγει τῷ χιλιάρχῳ, Εἰ ἔξεστίν μοι εἰπεῖν πρός σέ; Ὁ δὲ ἔφη, Ἑλληνιστὶ γινώσκεις;", "text": "*Mellōn* *te* to be *eisagesthai* into the *parembolēn* the *Paulos*, *legei* to the *chiliarchō*, If *exestin* to me to *eipein* *pros* you? The *de* *ephē*, *Hellēnisti ginōskeis*?", "grammar": { "*Mellōn*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, singular - being about to/intending to", "*te*": "connective particle - and/both", "*eisagesthai*": "present passive infinitive - to be led/brought in", "*parembolēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - barracks/fortress", "*Paulos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Paul", "*legei*": "present active, 3rd singular - says/speaks", "*chiliarchō*": "dative, masculine, singular - commander/tribune", "*exestin*": "present active, 3rd singular, impersonal - it is permitted/lawful", "*eipein*": "aorist active infinitive - to speak/say", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - to/toward", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and", "*ephē*": "imperfect active, 3rd singular - said/was saying", "*Hellēnisti*": "adverb - in Greek", "*ginōskeis*": "present active, 2nd singular - you know" }, "variants": { "*Mellōn*": "being about to/intending to/on the point of", "*parembolēn*": "barracks/fortress/garrison", "*chiliarchō*": "commander/tribune (leader of a thousand men)", "*exestin*": "it is permitted/it is lawful/it is possible", "*Hellēnisti ginōskeis*": "Do you know Greek?/Can you speak Greek?" } }
• Acts 21:40 : 40 { "verseID": "Acts.21.40", "source": "Ἐπιτρέψαντος δὲ αὐτοῦ, ὁ Παῦλος ἑστὼς ἐπὶ τῶν ἀναβαθμῶν, κατέσεισεν τῇ χειρὶ τῷ λαῷ. Πολλῆς δὲ σιγῆς γενομένης, προσεφώνησεν τῇ Ἑβραΐδι διαλέκτῳ, λέγων,", "text": "*Epitrepsantos de autou*, the *Paulos hestōs epi* the *anabathmōn*, *kateseisen* the *cheiri* to the *laō*. *Pollēs de sigēs genomenēs*, *prosephōnēsen* the *Hebraidi dialektō*, *legōn*,", "grammar": { "*Epitrepsantos*": "aorist active participle, genitive, masculine, singular - having permitted", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and", "*autou*": "genitive, masculine, singular pronoun - of him", "*Paulos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Paul", "*hestōs*": "perfect active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - standing/having stood", "*epi*": "preposition + genitive - on/upon", "*anabathmōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - steps/stairs", "*kateseisen*": "aorist active, 3rd singular - motioned down/gestured", "*cheiri*": "dative, feminine, singular - with the hand", "*laō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to the people", "*Pollēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - much/great", "*sigēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - silence", "*genomenēs*": "aorist middle participle, genitive, feminine, singular - having come about", "*prosephōnēsen*": "aorist active, 3rd singular - addressed/called out to", "*Hebraidi*": "dative, feminine, singular - Hebrew", "*dialektō*": "dative, feminine, singular - language/dialect", "*legōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - saying" }, "variants": { "*Epitrepsantos de autou*": "when he had given permission/after he permitted", "*anabathmōn*": "steps/stairs (of the barracks)", "*kateseisen*": "motioned down/gestured/made a signal", "*Pollēs de sigēs genomenēs*": "when great silence occurred/when much quiet came about", "*Hebraidi dialektō*": "in the Hebrew language/dialect (likely Aramaic, the common language of Jews in this period)" } }
• Acts 22:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Acts.22.2", "source": "(Ἀκούσαντες δὲ ὅτι τῇ Ἑβραΐδι διαλέκτῳ προσεφώνει αὐτοῖς, μᾶλλον παρέσχον ἡσυχίαν: καί φησίν,)", "text": "(*Akousantes* *de* that in the *Hebraidi dialektō* *prosephōnei* to them, *mallon* they *pareschon* *hēsychian*: and *phēsin*,)", "grammar": { "*Akousantes*": "aorist participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having heard", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now", "*Hebraidi*": "dative, feminine, singular - Hebrew", "*dialektō*": "dative, feminine, singular - language/dialect", "*prosephōnei*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - was addressing/speaking to", "*mallon*": "comparative adverb - more/rather", "*pareschon*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - provided/granted/gave", "*hēsychian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - quietness/silence", "*phēsin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - he says" }, "variants": { "*Akousantes*": "having heard/when they heard", "*de*": "but/and/now", "*Hebraidi dialektō*": "Hebrew language/Aramaic dialect", "*prosephōnei*": "was addressing/was speaking to", "*mallon*": "more/rather/instead", "*pareschon*": "provided/maintained/gave", "*hēsychian*": "silence/quiet/stillness", "*phēsin*": "he says/he spoke" } }
• Acts 26:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Acts.26.14", "source": "Πάντων δὲ καταπεσόντων ἡμῶν εἰς τὴν γῆν, ἤκουσα φωνὴν λαλοῦσαν πρός με, καὶ λέγουσαν τῇ Ἑβραΐδι διαλέκτῳ, Σαούλ, Σαούλ, τί με διώκεις; σκληρόν σοι πρὸς κέντρα λακτίζειν.", "text": "All *de* having *katapesontōn* of us to the *gēn*, I *ēkousa* *phōnēn* *lalousan* *pros* me, and *legousan* in the *Hebraidi* *dialektō*, *Saoul*, *Saoul*, why me do you *diōkeis*? *sklēron* for you against *kentra* to *laktizein*.", "grammar": { "*de*": "conjunction - and/but", "*katapesontōn*": "aorist active participle, genitive, masculine, plural - having fallen down", "*gēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - earth/ground", "*ēkousa*": "aorist active, 1st singular - I heard", "*phōnēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - voice", "*lalousan*": "present active participle, accusative, feminine, singular - speaking", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - to", "*legousan*": "present active participle, accusative, feminine, singular - saying", "*Hebraidi*": "dative, feminine, singular - Hebrew", "*dialektō*": "dative, feminine, singular - language/dialect", "*Saoul*": "vocative - Saul", "*diōkeis*": "present active, 2nd singular - you persecute", "*sklēron*": "nominative, neuter, singular - hard/difficult", "*kentra*": "accusative, neuter, plural - goads", "*laktizein*": "present active infinitive - to kick" }, "variants": { "*katapesontōn*": "having fallen down/having fallen to the ground", "*gēn*": "earth/ground/land", "*ēkousa*": "I heard/I listened to", "*phōnēn*": "voice/sound", "*lalousan*": "speaking/talking", "*legousan*": "saying/telling", "*Hebraidi*": "Hebrew [language]", "*dialektō*": "language/dialect/speech", "*diōkeis*": "you persecute/you pursue", "*sklēron*": "hard/difficult/painful", "*kentra*": "goads/prods/pointed sticks", "*laktizein*": "to kick/to strike with the heel" } }
• Heb 13:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Hebrews.13.12", "source": "Διὸ καὶ Ἰησοῦς, ἵνα ἁγιάσῃ διὰ τοῦ ἰδίου αἵματος τὸν λαόν, ἔξω τῆς πύλης ἔπαθεν.", "text": "*Dio* *kai* *Iēsous*, in order that he might *hagiasē* *dia* the *idiou* *haimatos* the *laon*, outside the *pylēs* *epathen*.", "grammar": { "*dio*": "conjunction - therefore/for this reason", "*kai*": "adverb - also/even", "*Iēsous*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Jesus", "*hagiasē*": "aorist, active, subjunctive, 3rd person, singular - might sanctify/make holy", "*dia*": "preposition + genitive - through/by", "*idiou*": "genitive, neuter, singular, adjective - his own", "*haimatos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - blood", "*laon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - people", "*pylēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - gate", "*epathen*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person, singular - suffered" }, "variants": { "*dio*": "therefore/for this reason/wherefore", "*hagiasē*": "might sanctify/make holy/consecrate/purify", "*idiou*": "his own/personal/particular", "*haimatos*": "blood/bloodshed", "*laon*": "people/nation/population", "*pylēs*": "gate/entrance", "*epathen*": "suffered/endured/experienced pain" } }
• Rev 9:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Revelation.9.11", "source": "Καὶ ἔχουσιν βασιλέα ἐπʼ αὐτῶν, τὸν ἄγγελον τῆς ἀβύσσου, ὄνομα αὐτῷ Ἑβραϊστὶ Ἀβαδδὼν, καὶ ἐν τῇ Ἑλληνικῇ ὄνομα ἔχει Ἀπολλύων.", "text": "And *echousin* *basilea* over them, the *angelon* of the *abyssou*, *onoma* to him in *Hebraisti* *Abaddōn*, and in the *Hellēnikē* *onoma* *echei* *Apollyōn*.", "grammar": { "*echousin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person plural - they have", "*basilea*": "accusative, masculine, singular - king", "*angelon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - angel/messenger", "*abyssou*": "genitive, feminine, singular - abyss/bottomless pit", "*onoma*": "nominative, neuter, singular - name", "*Hebraisti*": "adverb - in Hebrew", "*Abaddōn*": "proper noun - Abaddon (destruction)", "*Hellēnikē*": "dative, feminine, singular - Greek [language]", "*echei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - he/she/it has", "*Apollyōn*": "proper noun - Apollyon (destroyer)" }, "variants": { "*basilea*": "king/ruler/sovereign", "*Abaddōn*": "Abaddon (Hebrew: destruction/ruin)", "*Apollyōn*": "Apollyon (Greek: destroyer)" } }
• Rev 16:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Revelation.16.16", "source": "Καὶ συνήγαγεν αὐτοὺς εἰς τόπον τὸν καλούμενον Ἑβραϊστὶ Ἁρμαγεδών.", "text": "And he *synēgagen* them into *topon* the one *kaloumenon* *Hebraisti* *Harmagedōn*.", "grammar": { "*synēgagen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - gathered together", "*topon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - place/location", "*kaloumenon*": "present passive participle, accusative, masculine, singular - being called/named", "*Hebraisti*": "adverb - in Hebrew", "*Harmagedōn*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Armageddon/Har-Magedon" }, "variants": { "*synēgagen*": "gathered together/assembled/collected", "*topon*": "place/location/spot", "*kaloumenon*": "being called/named/designated", "*Hebraisti*": "in Hebrew/in the Hebrew language", "*Harmagedōn*": "Armageddon/Har-Magedon [possibly: Mountain of Megiddo]" } }
• John 5:2 : 2 { "verseID": "John.5.2", "source": "Ἔστιν δὲ ἐν τοῖς Ἱεροσολύμοις ἐπὶ τῇ προβατικῇ κολυμβήθρα, ἡ ἐπιλεγομένη Ἑβραϊστὶ Βηθεσδά, πέντε στοὰς ἔχουσα.", "text": "*Estin* *de* in the *Hierosolymois* by the *probatikē* *kolymbēthra*, the being called *Hebraisti* *Bēthesda*, five *stoas* having.", "grammar": { "*Estin*": "present indicative, 3rd singular of *eimi* - is/exists", "*de*": "postpositive particle - and/but/now", "*Hierosolymois*": "noun, dative, neuter, plural - in Jerusalem", "*epi*": "preposition with dative - at/by/near", "*probatikē*": "adjective, dative, feminine, singular - sheep [gate]", "*kolymbēthra*": "noun, nominative, feminine, singular - pool", "*epilegomenē*": "present passive participle, nominative, feminine, singular - being called/named", "*Hebraisti*": "adverb - in Hebrew/Aramaic", "*Bēthesda*": "proper noun, nominative - Bethesda", "*pentē*": "numeral - five", "*stoas*": "noun, accusative, feminine, plural - porches/colonnades", "*echousa*": "present active participle, nominative, feminine, singular - having" }, "variants": { "*probatikē*": "sheep [gate]/sheep [market]", "*kolymbēthra*": "pool/bath/swimming place", "*Bēthesda*": "Bethesda/House of Mercy", "*stoas*": "porches/colonnades/covered walkways" } }