Jer 32:28-35 : 28 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.32.28",
"source": "לָכֵ֕ן כֹּ֖ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֑ה הִנְנִ֣י נֹתֵן֩ אֶת־הָעִ֨יר הַזֹּ֜את בְּיַ֣ד הַכַּשְׂדִּ֗ים וּבְיַ֛ד נְבֽוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֥ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֖ל וּלְכָדָֽהּ׃",
"text": "*lākēn* *kōh* *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *hinənî* *nōtēn* *ʾet*-the-*ʿîr* the-*zōʾt* in-*yad* the-*kaśdîm* and-in-*yad* *nəbûkadreʾṣṣar* *melek*-*bābel* *û-ləkādāh*",
"grammar": {
"*lākēn*": "adverb - therefore",
"*kōh*": "adverb - thus",
"*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - said",
"*YHWH*": "proper name - divine name, tetragrammaton",
"*hinənî*": "interjection + 1st person singular suffix - behold me",
"*nōtēn*": "qal participle masculine singular - giving",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*ʿîr*": "common noun feminine singular - city",
"*zōʾt*": "demonstrative adjective feminine singular - this",
"*yad*": "common noun feminine singular construct - hand of",
"*kaśdîm*": "proper noun masculine plural - Chaldeans",
"*yad*": "common noun feminine singular construct - hand of",
"*nəbûkadreʾṣṣar*": "proper noun - Nebuchadnezzar",
"*melek*": "common noun masculine singular construct - king of",
"*bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon",
"*û-ləkādāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - and he will capture it"
},
"variants": {
"*lākēn*": "therefore/thus/consequently",
"*ʾāmar*": "said/spoke/declared",
"*nōtēn*": "giving/delivering/handing over",
"*ʿîr*": "city/town",
"*kaśdîm*": "Chaldeans/Babylonians",
"*melek*": "king/ruler/sovereign",
"*ləkādāh*": "will capture it/seize it/take possession of it"
}
}
29 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.32.29",
"source": "וּבָ֣אוּ הַכַּשְׂדִּ֗ים הַנִּלְחָמִים֙ עַל־הָעִ֣יר הַזֹּ֔את וְהִצִּ֜יתוּ אֶת־הָעִ֥יר הַזֹּ֛את בָּאֵ֖שׁ וּשְׂרָפ֑וּהָ וְאֵ֣ת הַבָּתִּ֡ים אֲשֶׁר֩ קִטְּר֨וּ עַל־גַּגּֽוֹתֵיהֶ֜ם לַבַּ֗עַל וְהִסִּ֤כוּ נְסָכִים֙ לֵאלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֔ים לְמַ֖עַן הַכְעִסֵֽנִי׃",
"text": "And *bāʾû* the *kaśdîm* *nilḥāmîm* against *hāʿîr* this, and *hiṣṣîtû* *ʾet-hāʿîr* this with *ʾēš* and *śərāpūhā*; and *ʾēt* the *bātîm* which *qiṭṭərû* upon *gaggôtêhem* to *baʿal* and *hissikû* *nəsākîm* to *ʾĕlōhîm* other, for *həmaʿan* *hakəʿisēnî*",
"grammar": {
"*bāʾû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - 'they will come'",
"*kaśdîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'Chaldeans'",
"*nilḥāmîm*": "Niphal participle, masculine plural - 'those fighting/warring'",
"*hāʿîr*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - 'the city'",
"*hiṣṣîtû*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd person plural - 'they will set/kindle'",
"*ʾēt*": "direct object marker",
"*ʾēš*": "feminine singular noun - 'fire'",
"*śərāpūhā*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person plural + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - 'they will burn it'",
"*bātîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'houses'",
"*qiṭṭərû*": "Piel perfect, 3rd person plural - 'they offered incense/burned offerings'",
"*gaggôtêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their roofs'",
"*baʿal*": "proper noun - 'Baal'",
"*hissikû*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd person plural - 'they poured out'",
"*nəsākîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'drink offerings'",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'gods'",
"*həmaʿan*": "preposition + substantive - 'for the purpose of'",
"*hakəʿisēnî*": "Hiphil infinitive construct + 1st person singular suffix - 'to provoke me'"
},
"variants": {
"*kaśdîm*": "Chaldeans/Babylonians",
"*qiṭṭērû*": "burned offerings/offered sacrifices/burned incense",
"*baʿal*": "Baal (deity)/master/lord",
"*nəsākîm*": "drink offerings/libations",
"*hakəʿisēnî*": "to provoke me to anger/to offend me/to vex me"
}
}
30 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.32.30",
"source": "כִּֽי־הָי֨וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל וּבְנֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֗ה אַ֣ךְ עֹשִׂ֥ים הָרַ֛ע בְּעֵינַ֖י מִנְּעֻרֹֽתֵיהֶ֑ם כִּ֣י בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אַ֣ךְ מַכְעִסִ֥ים אֹתִ֛י בְּמַעֲשֵׂ֥ה יְדֵיהֶ֖ם נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃",
"text": "For *hāyû* *bənê-yiśrāʾēl* and *bənê yəhûdāh* *ʾak* *ʿōśîm* *hāraʿ* in *ʿênay* from *nəʿurōtêhem*; for *bənê-yiśrāʾēl* *ʾak* *makʿisîm* *ʾōtî* with *maʿăśēh* *yədêhem*, *nəʾum-YHWH*",
"grammar": {
"*hāyû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - 'they have been'",
"*bənê-yiśrāʾēl*": "construct state - 'sons of Israel'",
"*bənê yəhûdāh*": "construct state - 'sons of Judah'",
"*ʾak*": "adverb - 'only/surely'",
"*ʿōśîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - 'doing/continually doing'",
"*hāraʿ*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - 'the evil'",
"*ʿênay*": "feminine dual noun + 1st person singular suffix - 'my eyes'",
"*nəʿurōtêhem*": "feminine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their youth'",
"*makʿisîm*": "Hiphil participle, masculine plural - 'provoking/causing anger'",
"*ʾōtî*": "direct object marker + 1st person singular suffix - 'me'",
"*maʿăśēh*": "masculine singular construct - 'work of'",
"*yədêhem*": "feminine dual noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their hands'",
"*nəʾum-YHWH*": "construct state - 'declaration of YHWH'"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾak*": "only/surely/nevertheless",
"*hāraʿ*": "the evil/wickedness/wrong",
"*makʿisîm*": "provoking to anger/vexing/offending",
"*nəʾum-YHWH*": "declaration of YHWH/word of the LORD/oracle of YHWH"
}
}
31 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.32.31",
"source": "כִּ֧י עַל־אַפִּ֣י וְעַל־חֲמָתִ֗י הָ֤יְתָה לִּי֙ הָעִ֣יר הַזֹּ֔את לְמִן־הַיּוֹם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בָּנ֣וּ אוֹתָ֔הּ וְעַ֖ד הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה לַהֲסִירָ֖הּ מֵעַ֥ל פָּנָֽי׃",
"text": "For upon *ʾappî* and upon *ḥămātî* *hāyətāh* to me *hāʿîr* this from *hayyôm* which *bānû* *ʾôtāh* and until *hayyôm* this, *lahăsîrāh* from upon *pānāy*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾappî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - 'my anger/nose'",
"*ḥămātî*": "feminine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - 'my wrath/fury'",
"*hāyətāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - 'she has been'",
"*hāʿîr*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - 'the city'",
"*hayyôm*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - 'the day'",
"*bānû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - 'they built'",
"*ʾôtāh*": "direct object marker + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - 'it (fem)'",
"*lahăsîrāh*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - 'to remove it'",
"*pānāy*": "masculine plural noun + 1st person singular suffix - 'my face'"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾappî*": "my anger/my nose (idiom for anger)/my face",
"*ḥămātî*": "my wrath/my fury/my burning anger",
"*lahăsîrāh*": "to remove it/to take it away/to cast it away"
}
}
32 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.32.32",
"source": "עַל֩ כָּל־רָעַ֨ת בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל וּבְנֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֤ר עָשׂוּ֙ לְהַכְעִסֵ֔נִי הֵ֤מָּה מַלְכֵיהֶם֙ שָֽׂרֵיהֶ֔ם כֹּהֲנֵיהֶ֖ם וּנְבִֽיאֵיהֶ֑ם וְאִ֣ישׁ יְהוּדָ֔ה וְיֹשְׁבֵ֖י יְרוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃",
"text": "Because of all *rāʿat* *bənê-yiśrāʾēl* and *bənê yəhûdāh* which *ʿāśû* *ləhakʿisēnî*, they, *malkêhem*, *śārêhem*, *kōhănêhem*, and *nəbîʾêhem*, and *ʾîš* *yəhûdāh*, and *yōšəbê* *yərûšālāim*",
"grammar": {
"*rāʿat*": "feminine singular construct - 'evil of'",
"*bənê-yiśrāʾēl*": "construct state - 'sons of Israel'",
"*bənê yəhûdāh*": "construct state - 'sons of Judah'",
"*ʿāśû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - 'they did/made'",
"*ləhakʿisēnî*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct + 1st person singular suffix - 'to provoke me'",
"*malkêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their kings'",
"*śārêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their princes/officials'",
"*kōhănêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their priests'",
"*nəbîʾêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their prophets'",
"*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - 'man/men of'",
"*yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - 'Judah'",
"*yōšəbê*": "Qal participle, masculine plural construct - 'inhabitants of'",
"*yərûšālāim*": "proper noun - 'Jerusalem'"
},
"variants": {
"*rāʿat*": "evil/wickedness/wrongdoing",
"*ləhakʿisēnî*": "to provoke me to anger/to offend me/to vex me",
"*śārêhem*": "their princes/their officials/their leaders",
"*ʾîš*": "man of/men of/people of"
}
}
33 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.32.33",
"source": "וַיִּפְנ֥וּ אֵלַ֛י עֹ֖רֶף וְלֹ֣א פָנִ֑ים וְלַמֵּ֤ד אֹתָם֙ הַשְׁכֵּ֣ם וְלַמֵּ֔ד וְאֵינָ֥ם שֹׁמְעִ֖ים לָקַ֥חַת מוּסָֽר׃",
"text": "And *wayyipnû* to me *ʿōrep* and not *pānîm*; and *lammēd* *ʾōtām* *haškēm* and *lammēd*, and they are not *šōməʿîm* *lāqaḥat* *mûsār*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyipnû*": "Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - 'and they turned'",
"*ʿōrep*": "masculine singular noun - 'back of neck/back'",
"*pānîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'face'",
"*lammēd*": "Piel infinitive absolute - 'teaching'",
"*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'them'",
"*haškēm*": "Hiphil infinitive absolute - 'rising early'",
"*šōməʿîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - 'hearing/listening'",
"*lāqaḥat*": "Qal infinitive construct - 'to take/receive'",
"*mûsār*": "masculine singular noun - 'instruction/discipline'"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyipnû*": "they turned/they faced",
"*ʿōrep*": "neck/back (idiom for turning away)",
"*haškēm*": "rising early (idiom for diligence/persistence)",
"*mûsār*": "instruction/discipline/correction"
}
}
34 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.32.34",
"source": "וַיָּשִׂ֣ימוּ שִׁקּֽוּצֵיהֶ֗ם בַּבַּ֛יִת אֲשֶׁר־נִקְרָֽא־שְׁמִ֥י עָלָ֖יו לְטַמְּאֽוֹ׃",
"text": "And *wayyāśîmû* *šiqqûṣêhem* in *habbayit* which *niqrāʾ-šəmî* upon it *ləṭamməʾô*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyāśîmû*": "Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - 'and they placed'",
"*šiqqûṣêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their detestable things'",
"*habbayit*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - 'the house'",
"*niqrāʾ-šəmî*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular + noun with 1st person singular suffix - 'my name is called'",
"*ləṭamməʾô*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'to defile it'"
},
"variants": {
"*šiqqûṣêhem*": "their detestable things/their abominations/their idols",
"*habbayit*": "the house/the temple",
"*niqrāʾ-šəmî*": "my name is called/is named after me",
"*ləṭamməʾô*": "to defile it/to make it unclean/to pollute it"
}
}
35 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.32.35",
"source": "וַיִּבְנוּ֩ אֶת־בָּמ֨וֹת הַבַּ֜עַל אֲשֶׁ֣ר ׀ בְּגֵ֣יא בֶן־הִנֹּ֗ם לְ֠הַעֲבִיר אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶ֣ם וְאֶת־בְּנוֹתֵיהֶם֮ לַמֹּלֶךְ֒ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא־צִוִּיתִ֗ים וְלֹ֤א עָֽלְתָה֙ עַל־לִבִּ֔י לַעֲשׂ֖וֹת הַתּוֹעֵבָ֣ה הַזֹּ֑את לְמַ֖עַן *החטי* *haḥăṭîʾ* אֶת־יְהוּדָֽה׃",
"text": "And *wayyibnû* *ʾet-bāmôt* *habbaʿal* which in *gêʾ ben-hinnōm* *ləhaʿăbîr* *ʾet-bənêhem* and *ʾet-bənôtêhem* to *hammōlek*, which not *ṣiwwîtîm* and not *ʿālətāh* upon *libbî* *laʿăśôt* *hattôʿēbāh* this, for *ləmaʿan* *haḥăṭîʾ* *ʾet-yəhûdāh*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyibnû*": "Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - 'and they built'",
"*ʾet-bāmôt*": "direct object marker + feminine plural construct - 'the high places of'",
"*habbaʿal*": "definite article + proper noun - 'the Baal'",
"*gêʾ ben-hinnōm*": "construct chain - 'valley of the son of Hinnom'",
"*ləhaʿăbîr*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct - 'to cause to pass over'",
"*ʾet-bənêhem*": "direct object marker + masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their sons'",
"*ʾet-bənôtêhem*": "direct object marker + feminine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their daughters'",
"*hammōlek*": "definite article + proper noun - 'the Molech'",
"*ṣiwwîtîm*": "Piel perfect, 1st person singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'I commanded them'",
"*ʿālətāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - 'it came up'",
"*libbî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - 'my heart'",
"*laʿăśôt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - 'to do'",
"*hattôʿēbāh*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - 'the abomination'",
"*ləmaʿan*": "preposition + substantive - 'for the purpose of'",
"*haḥăṭîʾ*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - 'to cause to sin'",
"*ʾet-yəhûdāh*": "direct object marker + proper noun - 'Judah'"
},
"variants": {
"*bāmôt*": "high places/cultic platforms/shrines",
"*ləhaʿăbîr*": "to cause to pass through/to offer/to sacrifice",
"*hammōlek*": "Molech (deity)/the king (as deity)",
"*ʿālətāh* upon *libbî*": "came up on my heart (idiom for 'I never considered/intended')",
"*hattôʿēbāh*": "abomination/detestable act/abhorrent practice",
"*haḥăṭîʾ*": "to cause to sin/to lead astray/to make guilty"
}
}