Joel 3:2-9 : 2 {
"verseID": "Joel.3.2",
"source": "וְקִבַּצְתִּי֙ אֶת־כָּל־הַגּוֹיִ֔ם וְה֣וֹרַדְתִּ֔ים אֶל־עֵ֖מֶק יְהֽוֹשָׁפָ֑ט וְנִשְׁפַּטְתִּ֨י עִמָּ֜ם שָׁ֗ם עַל־עַמִּ֨י וְנַחֲלָתִ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר פִּזְּר֣וּ בַגּוֹיִ֔ם וְאֶת־אַרְצִ֖י חִלֵּֽקוּ",
"text": "And-*qibbāṣtî* *ʾeṯ*-all-the-*gôyim* and-*hôraḏtîm* to-*ʿēmeq* *yəhôšāp̄āṭ* and-*nišpaṭtî* with-them there concerning-*ʿammî* and-*naḥălāṯî* *yiśrāʾēl* which *pizzərû* among-the-*gôyim* and-*ʾeṯ*-*ʾarṣî* *ḥillēqû*",
"grammar": {
"*wəqibbāṣtî*": "conjunction + piel perfect 1st person singular - and I will gather",
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*kāl-haggôyim*": "construct + definite article + masculine plural noun - all the nations",
"*wəhôraḏtîm*": "conjunction + hiphil perfect 1st person singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and I will bring them down",
"*ʾel-ʿēmeq*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - to the valley of",
"*yəhôšāp̄āṭ*": "proper noun - Jehoshaphat",
"*wənišpaṭtî*": "conjunction + niphal perfect 1st person singular - and I will enter into judgment",
"*ʿimmām*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - with them",
"*šām*": "adverb - there",
"*ʿal-ʿammî*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - concerning my people",
"*wənaḥălāṯî*": "conjunction + feminine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - and my inheritance",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which/who",
"*pizzərû*": "piel perfect 3rd person plural - they scattered",
"*baggôyim*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - among the nations",
"*wəʾeṯ-ʾarṣî*": "conjunction + direct object marker + feminine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - and my land",
"*ḥillēqû*": "piel perfect 3rd person plural - they divided"
},
"variants": {
"*qibbāṣtî*": "gather/assemble/collect",
"*hôraḏtîm*": "bring down/lead down",
"*ʿēmeq yəhôšāp̄āṭ*": "Valley of Jehoshaphat/Valley of YHWH's judgment",
"*nišpaṭtî*": "enter into judgment/contend/judge",
"*pizzərû*": "scattered/dispersed",
"*ḥillēqû*": "divided/partitioned/apportioned"
}
}
3 {
"verseID": "Joel.3.3",
"source": "וְאֶל־עַמִּ֖י יַדּ֣וּ גוֹרָ֑ל וַיִּתְּנ֤וּ הַיֶּ֙לֶד֙ בַּזּוֹנָ֔ה וְהַיַּלְדָּ֛ה מָכְר֥וּ בַיַּ֖יִן וַיִּשְׁתּֽוּ",
"text": "And-for-*ʿammî* *yaddû* *gôrāl* and-*yittənû* the-*yeleḏ* for-the-*zônāh* and-the-*yaldāh* *māḵərû* for-the-*yayin* and-*yištû*",
"grammar": {
"*wəʾel-ʿammî*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - and for my people",
"*yaddû*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural - they cast",
"*gôrāl*": "masculine singular noun - lot",
"*wayyittənû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they gave",
"*hayyeleḏ*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the boy",
"*bazzônāh*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - for the prostitute",
"*wəhayyaldāh*": "conjunction + definite article + feminine singular noun - and the girl",
"*māḵərû*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural - they sold",
"*bayyayin*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - for the wine",
"*wayyištû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they drank"
},
"variants": {
"*yaddû*": "cast/throw",
"*gôrāl*": "lot/portion",
"*yittənû*": "gave/exchanged",
"*yeleḏ*": "boy/male child",
"*zônāh*": "prostitute/harlot",
"*yaldāh*": "girl/female child",
"*māḵərû*": "sold/traded",
"*yayin*": "wine",
"*yištû*": "drank/consumed"
}
}
4 {
"verseID": "Joel.3.4",
"source": "וְ֠גַם מָה־אַתֶּ֥ם לִי֙ צֹ֣ר וְצִיד֔וֹן וְכֹ֖ל גְּלִיל֣וֹת פְּלָ֑שֶׁת הַגְּמ֗וּל אַתֶּם֙ מְשַׁלְּמִ֣ים עָלָ֔י וְאִם־גֹּמְלִ֤ים אַתֶּם֙ עָלַ֔י קַ֣ל מְהֵרָ֔ה אָשִׁ֥יב גְּמֻלְכֶ֖ם בְּרֹאשְׁכֶֽם",
"text": "And-*gam* what-you to-me *ṣōr* and-*ṣîḏôn* and-all *gəlîlôṯ* *pəlāšeṯ* the-*gəmûl* you *məšalləmîm* upon-me and-if-*gōməlîm* you upon-me *qal* *məhērāh* *ʾāšîḇ* *gəmulḵem* upon-*rōʾšḵem*",
"grammar": {
"*wəḡam*": "conjunction + adverb - and also/moreover",
"*māh-ʾattem*": "interrogative + 2nd person masculine plural pronoun - what are you",
"*lî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - to me",
"*ṣōr*": "proper noun - Tyre",
"*wəṣîḏôn*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Sidon",
"*wəḵōl*": "conjunction + noun construct - and all",
"*gəlîlôṯ*": "feminine plural construct - regions/districts of",
"*pəlāšeṯ*": "proper noun - Philistia",
"*hagəmûl*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the recompense",
"*ʾattem*": "2nd person masculine plural pronoun - you",
"*məšalləmîm*": "piel participle masculine plural - repaying/rendering",
"*ʿālāy*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - upon/against me",
"*wəʾim-gōməlîm*": "conjunction + conditional particle + qal participle masculine plural - and if dealing/repaying",
"*ʾattem*": "2nd person masculine plural pronoun - you",
"*ʿālay*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - upon/against me",
"*qal*": "adjective - swift",
"*məhērāh*": "adverb - quickly/speedily",
"*ʾāšîḇ*": "hiphil imperfect 1st person singular - I will return",
"*gəmulḵem*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your recompense",
"*bərōʾšḵem*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - upon your head"
},
"variants": {
"*gam*": "also/moreover/even",
"*gəlîlôṯ*": "regions/districts/territories",
"*gəmûl*": "recompense/dealing/retribution",
"*məšalləmîm*": "repaying/rendering/returning",
"*gōməlîm*": "dealing/repaying/retributing",
"*qal məhērāh*": "swift(ly) quickly/very soon",
"*ʾāšîḇ*": "return/bring back/repay",
"*bərōʾšḵem*": "upon your head/on yourselves"
}
}
5 {
"verseID": "Joel.3.5",
"source": "אֲשֶׁר־כַּסְפִּ֥י וּזְהָבִ֖י לְקַחְתֶּ֑ם וּמַֽחֲמַדַּי֙ הַטֹּבִ֔ים הֲבֵאתֶ֖ם לְהֵיכְלֵיכֶֽם",
"text": "Which-*kaspî* and-*zəhāḇî* *ləqaḥtem* and-*maḥămadday* the-*ṭôḇîm* *hăḇēʾṯem* to-*hêḵəlêḵem*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which/that",
"*kaspî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my silver",
"*ûzəhāḇî*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - and my gold",
"*ləqaḥtem*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - you took",
"*ûmaḥămadday*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun + 1st person singular suffix - and my precious things",
"*haṭṭôḇîm*": "definite article + adjective masculine plural - the good/fine",
"*hăḇēʾṯem*": "hiphil perfect 2nd person masculine plural - you brought",
"*ləhêḵəlêḵem*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - to your temples/palaces"
},
"variants": {
"*kesep*": "silver/money",
"*zāhāḇ*": "gold",
"*ləqaḥtem*": "took/carried away",
"*maḥămaddîm*": "precious things/desirable objects/treasures",
"*ṭôḇîm*": "good/fine/pleasant",
"*hêḵāl*": "temple/palace/sanctuary"
}
}
6 {
"verseID": "Joel.3.6",
"source": "וּבְנֵ֤י יְהוּדָה֙ וּבְנֵ֣י יְרוּשָׁלִַ֔ם מְכַרְתֶּ֖ם לִבְנֵ֣י הַיְּוָנִ֑ים לְמַ֥עַן הַרְחִיקָ֖ם מֵעַ֥ל גְּבוּלָֽם",
"text": "And-*bənê* *yəhûḏāh* and-*bənê* *yərûšālaim* *məḵartem* to-*bənê* the-*yəwānîm* in-order *harḥîqām* from-*ʿal* *gəḇûlām*",
"grammar": {
"*ûḇənê*": "conjunction + masculine plural construct - and the sons/children of",
"*yəhûḏāh*": "proper noun - Judah",
"*ûḇənê*": "conjunction + masculine plural construct - and the sons/children of",
"*yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem",
"*məḵartem*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - you sold",
"*liḇnê*": "preposition + masculine plural construct - to the sons/children of",
"*hayəwānîm*": "definite article + proper noun, masculine plural - the Greeks/Ionians",
"*ləmaʿan*": "conjunction - in order that/so that",
"*harḥîqām*": "hiphil infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to remove them far",
"*mēʿal*": "preposition + preposition - from upon",
"*gəḇûlām*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their border/territory"
},
"variants": {
"*bənê*": "sons/children/descendants",
"*məḵartem*": "sold/traded",
"*yəwānîm*": "Greeks/Ionians/Javan's descendants",
"*harḥîqām*": "remove far/distance/separate",
"*gəḇûl*": "border/territory/boundary"
}
}
7 {
"verseID": "Joel.3.7",
"source": "הִנְנִ֣י מְעִירָ֔ם מִן־הַ֨מָּק֔וֹם אֲשֶׁר־מְכַרְתֶּ֥ם אֹתָ֖ם שָׁ֑מָּה וַהֲשִׁבֹתִ֥י גְמֻלְכֶ֖ם בְּרֹאשְׁכֶֽם",
"text": "*Hinənî* *məʿîrām* from-the-*māqôm* which-*məḵartem* them *šāmmāh* and-*hăšiḇōṯî* *gəmulḵem* on-*rōʾšḵem*",
"grammar": {
"*hinənî*": "interjection + 1st person singular suffix - behold me/here I am",
"*məʿîrām*": "hiphil participle masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - arousing/stirring them",
"*min-hammāqôm*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - from the place",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which/that",
"*məḵartem*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - you sold",
"*ʾōṯām*": "direct object marker + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them",
"*šāmmāh*": "adverb + directional he - there/thither",
"*wahăšiḇōṯî*": "conjunction + hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will return",
"*gəmulḵem*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your recompense",
"*bərōʾšḵem*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - on your head"
},
"variants": {
"*hinənî*": "behold me/here I am/look, I",
"*məʿîrām*": "arousing/stirring/awakening them",
"*māqôm*": "place/location",
"*məḵartem*": "sold/traded",
"*hăšiḇōṯî*": "return/bring back/repay",
"*gəmul*": "recompense/dealing/retribution",
"*bərōʾšḵem*": "on your head/on yourselves"
}
}
8 {
"verseID": "Joel.3.8",
"source": "וּמָכַרְתִּ֞י אֶת־בְּנֵיכֶ֣ם וְאֶת־בְּנֽוֹתֵיכֶ֗ם בְּיַד֙ בְּנֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה וּמְכָר֥וּם לִשְׁבָאיִ֖ם אֶל־גּ֣וֹי רָח֑וֹק כִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה דִּבֵּֽר",
"text": "And-*māḵartî* *ʾeṯ*-*bənêḵem* and-*ʾeṯ*-*bənôṯêḵem* in-*yaḏ* *bənê* *yəhûḏāh* and-*məḵārûm* to-*šəḇāʾîm* to-*gôy* *rāḥôq* for *YHWH* *dibbēr*",
"grammar": {
"*ûmāḵartî*": "conjunction + qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will sell",
"*ʾeṯ-bənêḵem*": "direct object marker + masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sons",
"*wəʾeṯ-bənôṯêḵem*": "conjunction + direct object marker + feminine plural noun + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - and your daughters",
"*bəyaḏ*": "preposition + feminine singular construct - into the hand of",
"*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of",
"*yəhûḏāh*": "proper noun - Judah",
"*ûməḵārûm*": "conjunction + qal perfect 3rd person plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and they will sell them",
"*lišəḇāʾîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - to the Sabeans",
"*ʾel-gôy*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - to a nation",
"*rāḥôq*": "adjective masculine singular - distant/far",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD",
"*dibbēr*": "piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular - has spoken"
},
"variants": {
"*māḵartî*": "sell/trade",
"*bənêḵem*": "your sons/your children",
"*bənôṯêḵem*": "your daughters",
"*yaḏ*": "hand/power/control",
"*məḵārûm*": "sell them/trade them",
"*šəḇāʾîm*": "Sabeans/people of Sheba",
"*gôy*": "nation/people",
"*rāḥôq*": "distant/far/remote",
"*dibbēr*": "spoken/declared/said"
}
}
9 {
"verseID": "Joel.3.9",
"source": "קִרְאוּ־זֹאת֙ בַּגּוֹיִ֔ם קַדְּשׁ֖וּ מִלְחָמָ֑ה הָעִ֙ירוּ֙ הַגִּבּוֹרִ֔ים יִגְּשׁ֣וּ יַֽעֲל֔וּ כֹּ֖ל אַנְשֵׁ֥י הַמִּלְחָמָֽה",
"text": "*Qirʾû*-this in-the-*gôyim* *qaddəšû* *milḥāmāh* *hāʿîrû* the-*gibbôrîm* *yiggəšû* *yaʿălû* all *ʾanšê* the-*milḥāmāh*",
"grammar": {
"*qirʾû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - proclaim/call out",
"*zōʾṯ*": "demonstrative feminine singular - this",
"*baggôyim*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - among the nations",
"*qaddəšû*": "piel imperative masculine plural - sanctify/prepare",
"*milḥāmāh*": "feminine singular noun - war/battle",
"*hāʿîrû*": "hiphil imperative masculine plural - arouse/stir up",
"*haggibbôrîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the mighty men/warriors",
"*yiggəšû*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - let them approach",
"*yaʿălû*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - let them go up",
"*kōl*": "noun construct - all of",
"*ʾanšê*": "masculine plural construct - men of",
"*hammilḥāmāh*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the war/battle"
},
"variants": {
"*qirʾû*": "proclaim/call out/announce",
"*qaddəšû*": "sanctify/prepare/consecrate",
"*milḥāmāh*": "war/battle/conflict",
"*hāʿîrû*": "arouse/stir up/awaken",
"*gibbôrîm*": "mighty men/warriors/heroes",
"*yiggəšû*": "approach/draw near/come close",
"*yaʿălû*": "go up/ascend/advance",
"*ʾanšê hammilḥāmāh*": "men of war/soldiers/warriors"
}
}
10 {
"verseID": "Joel.3.10",
"source": "כֹּ֤תּוּ אִתֵּיכֶם֙ לַֽחֲרָב֔וֹת וּמַזְמְרֹֽתֵיכֶ֖ם לִרְמָחִ֑ים הַֽחַלָּ֔שׁ יֹאמַ֖ר גִּבּ֥וֹר אָֽנִי",
"text": "*Kōttû* *ʾittêḵem* to-*ḥărāḇôṯ* and-*mazməroṯêḵem* to-*rəmāḥîm* the-*ḥallāš* *yōʾmar* *gibbôr* *ʾānî*",
"grammar": {
"*kōttû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - beat/hammer",
"*ʾittêḵem*": "direct object marker + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your plowshares",
"*laḥărāḇôṯ*": "preposition + feminine plural noun - into swords",
"*ûmazməroṯêḵem*": "conjunction + feminine plural noun + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - and your pruning hooks",
"*lirəmāḥîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - into spears",
"*haḥallāš*": "definite article + adjective masculine singular - the weak",
"*yōʾmar*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - let him say",
"*gibbôr*": "adjective masculine singular - mighty",
"*ʾānî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I"
},
"variants": {
"*kōttû*": "beat/hammer/forge",
"*ʾittêḵem*": "your plowshares/your plow blades",
"*ḥărāḇôṯ*": "swords/knives",
"*mazməroṯêḵem*": "your pruning hooks/your pruning knives",
"*rəmāḥîm*": "spears/lances",
"*ḥallāš*": "weak/feeble",
"*gibbôr*": "mighty/strong/warrior"
}
}
11 {
"verseID": "Joel.3.11",
"source": "ע֣וּשׁוּ וָבֹ֧אוּ כָֽל־הַגּוֹיִ֛ם מִסָּבִ֖יב וְנִקְבָּ֑צוּ שָׁ֕מָּה הַֽנְחַ֥ת יְהוָ֖ה גִּבּוֹרֶֽיךָ",
"text": "*ʿûšû* and-*bōʾû* all-the-*gôyim* from-*sāḇîḇ* and-*niqbāṣû* *šāmmāh* *hanḥaṯ* *YHWH* *gibbôrêḵā*",
"grammar": {
"*ʿûšû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - hasten/make haste",
"*wāḇōʾû*": "conjunction + qal imperative masculine plural - and come",
"*ḵāl-haggôyim*": "construct + definite article + masculine plural noun - all the nations",
"*missāḇîḇ*": "preposition + adverb - from around/from every side",
"*wəniqbāṣû*": "conjunction + niphal imperative masculine plural - and be gathered",
"*šāmmāh*": "adverb + directional he - there/thither",
"*hanḥaṯ*": "hiphil imperative masculine singular - bring down",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD",
"*gibbôrêḵā*": "masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your mighty ones"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿûšû*": "hasten/hurry/make haste",
"*bōʾû*": "come/enter/arrive",
"*gôyim*": "nations/peoples/gentiles",
"*missāḇîḇ*": "from around/from all sides/surrounding",
"*niqbāṣû*": "be gathered/assemble/come together",
"*hanḥaṯ*": "bring down/lead down",
"*gibbôrîm*": "mighty ones/warriors/heroes"
}
}
12 {
"verseID": "Joel.3.12",
"source": "יֵע֙וֹרוּ֙ וְיַעֲל֣וּ הַגּוֹיִ֔ם אֶל־עֵ֖מֶק יְהֽוֹשָׁפָ֑ט כִּ֣י שָׁ֗ם אֵשֵׁ֛ב לִשְׁפֹּ֥ט אֶת־כָּל־הַגּוֹיִ֖ם מִסָּבִֽיב",
"text": "*Yēʿôrû* and-*yaʿălû* the-*gôyim* to-*ʿēmeq* *yəhôšāp̄āṭ* for there *ʾēšēḇ* to-*šəpōṭ* *ʾeṯ*-all-the-*gôyim* from-*sāḇîḇ*",
"grammar": {
"*yēʿôrû*": "niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - let them be aroused",
"*wəyaʿălû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and let them come up",
"*haggôyim*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the nations",
"*ʾel-ʿēmeq*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - to the valley of",
"*yəhôšāp̄āṭ*": "proper noun - Jehoshaphat",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*šām*": "adverb - there",
"*ʾēšēḇ*": "qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will sit",
"*lišpōṭ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to judge",
"*ʾeṯ-kāl-haggôyim*": "direct object marker + construct + definite article + masculine plural noun - all the nations",
"*missāḇîḇ*": "preposition + adverb - from around/from every side"
},
"variants": {
"*yēʿôrû*": "be aroused/be stirred up/be awakened",
"*yaʿălû*": "come up/ascend/go up",
"*ʿēmeq yəhôšāp̄āṭ*": "Valley of Jehoshaphat/Valley of YHWH's judgment",
"*ʾēšēḇ*": "sit/dwell/remain",
"*šəpōṭ*": "judge/govern/vindicate",
"*missāḇîḇ*": "from around/from all sides/surrounding"
}
}
13 {
"verseID": "Joel.3.13",
"source": "שִׁלְח֣וּ מַגָּ֔ל כִּ֥י בָשַׁ֖ל קָצִ֑יר בֹּ֤אֽוּ רְדוּ֙ כִּֽי־מָ֣לְאָה גַּ֔ת הֵשִׁ֙יקוּ֙ הַיְקָבִ֔ים כִּ֥י רַבָּ֖ה רָעָתָֽם",
"text": "*Šilḥû* *maggāl* for *bāšal* *qāṣîr* *bōʾû* *rəḏû* for-*mālʾāh* *gaṯ* *hēšîqû* the-*yəqāḇîm* for *rabbāh* *rāʿāṯām*",
"grammar": {
"*šilḥû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - send in/put in",
"*maggāl*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the sickle",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*bāšal*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - is ripe",
"*qāṣîr*": "masculine singular noun - harvest",
"*bōʾû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - come",
"*rəḏû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - tread/go down",
"*kî-mālʾāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular - for it is full",
"*gaṯ*": "feminine singular noun - winepress",
"*hēšîqû*": "hiphil imperative masculine plural - overflow",
"*hayəqāḇîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the wine vats",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*rabbāh*": "adjective feminine singular - great/abundant",
"*rāʿāṯām*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their wickedness"
},
"variants": {
"*šilḥû*": "send in/put in/thrust in",
"*maggāl*": "sickle/reaping hook",
"*bāšal*": "is ripe/is mature/is ready",
"*qāṣîr*": "harvest/reaping",
"*rəḏû*": "tread/go down/descend",
"*mālʾāh*": "is full/is filled",
"*gaṯ*": "winepress/wine vat",
"*hēšîqû*": "overflow/run over",
"*yəqāḇîm*": "wine vats/wine troughs",
"*rabbāh*": "great/abundant/much",
"*rāʿāh*": "wickedness/evil/calamity"
}
}
14 {
"verseID": "Joel.3.14",
"source": "הֲמוֹנִ֣ים הֲמוֹנִ֔ים בְּעֵ֖מֶק הֶֽחָר֑וּץ כִּ֤י קָרוֹב֙ י֣וֹם יְהוָ֔ה בְּעֵ֖מֶק הֶחָרֽוּץ",
"text": "*Hămônîm* *hămônîm* in-*ʿēmeq* the-*ḥārûṣ* for *qārôḇ* *yôm* *YHWH* in-*ʿēmeq* the-*ḥārûṣ*",
"grammar": {
"*hămônîm*": "masculine plural noun (repeated) - multitudes/crowds",
"*bəʿēmeq*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - in the valley of",
"*heḥārûṣ*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the decision/threshing",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*qārôḇ*": "adjective masculine singular - near",
"*yôm*": "masculine singular construct - day of",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD",
"*bəʿēmeq*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - in the valley of",
"*heḥārûṣ*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the decision/threshing"
},
"variants": {
"*hămônîm*": "multitudes/crowds/throngs",
"*ʿēmeq*": "valley/vale",
"*ḥārûṣ*": "decision/threshing/judgment/determination",
"*qārôḇ*": "near/at hand/imminent",
"*yôm YHWH*": "day of the LORD/day of YHWH"
}
}
15 {
"verseID": "Joel.3.15",
"source": "שֶׁ֥מֶשׁ וְיָרֵ֖חַ קָדָ֑רוּ וְכוֹכָבִ֖ים אָסְפ֥וּ נָגְהָֽם",
"text": "*Šemeš* and-*yārēaḥ* *qāḏārû* and-*kôḵāḇîm* *ʾāsəp̄û* *nāḡəhām*",
"grammar": {
"*šemeš*": "masculine/feminine singular noun - sun",
"*wəyārēaḥ*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and moon",
"*qāḏārû*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural - darken/grow dark",
"*wəḵôḵāḇîm*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun - and stars",
"*ʾāsəp̄û*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural - withdraw/gather in",
"*nāḡəhām*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their brightness"
},
"variants": {
"*qāḏārû*": "grow dark/be darkened/be black",
"*ʾāsəp̄û*": "withdraw/gather in/collect",
"*nāḡəhām*": "their brightness/their shining/their light"
}
}