Isa 3:1-7 : 1 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.3.1",
"source": "כִּי֩ הִנֵּ֨ה הָאָד֜וֹן יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֗וֹת מֵסִ֤יר מִירוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ וּמִ֣יהוּדָ֔ה מַשְׁעֵ֖ן וּמַשְׁעֵנָ֑ה כֹּ֚ל מִשְׁעַן־לֶ֔חֶם וְכֹ֖ל מִשְׁעַן־מָֽיִם",
"text": "For *hinnēh* the *ʾādôn* *YHWH* *ṣəbāʾôt* *mēsîr* from-*Yərûšālaim* and-from-*Yəhûdāh* *mašʿēn* and-*mašʿēnāh*, all *mišʿan*-*leḥem* and-all *mišʿan*-*māyim*",
"grammar": {
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because/that",
"*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look",
"*hāʾādôn*": "definite noun, masculine singular - the lord/master",
"*YHWH*": "divine name",
"*ṣəbāʾôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - hosts/armies",
"*mēsîr*": "Hiphil participle, masculine singular - removing/taking away",
"*Yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem",
"*Yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah",
"*mašʿēn*": "noun, masculine singular - support/stay",
"*mašʿēnāh*": "noun, feminine singular - support/stay",
"*kōl*": "noun, construct - all/every",
"*mišʿan*": "noun, masculine singular construct - supply/support of",
"*leḥem*": "noun, masculine singular - bread/food",
"*māyim*": "noun, masculine plural - water"
},
"variants": {
"*hinnēh*": "behold/look/see",
"*ʾādôn*": "lord/master/ruler",
"*YHWH*": "LORD/Yahweh/Jehovah",
"*ṣəbāʾôt*": "hosts/armies/battalions",
"*mēsîr*": "removing/taking away/turning aside",
"*mašʿēn*": "support/stay/staff",
"*mašʿēnāh*": "feminine form of support/stay/staff",
"*mišʿan*": "supply/support/sustenance",
"*leḥem*": "bread/food/sustenance",
"*māyim*": "water/waters/liquid"
}
}
2 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.3.2",
"source": "גִּבּ֖וֹר וְאִ֣ישׁ מִלְחָמָ֑ה שׁוֹפֵ֥ט וְנָבִ֖יא וְקֹסֵ֥ם וְזָקֵֽן",
"text": "*gibbôr* and-*ʾîš* *milḥāmāh*; *šôpēṭ* and-*nābîʾ* and-*qōsēm* and-*zāqēn*",
"grammar": {
"*gibbôr*": "noun, masculine singular - mighty man/warrior/hero",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man",
"*milḥāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - war/battle",
"*šôpēṭ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - judge",
"*nābîʾ*": "noun, masculine singular - prophet",
"*qōsēm*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - diviner/soothsayer",
"*zāqēn*": "noun, masculine singular - elder/old man"
},
"variants": {
"*gibbôr*": "mighty man/warrior/hero/champion",
"*ʾîš*": "man/male/husband",
"*milḥāmāh*": "war/battle/fighting",
"*šôpēṭ*": "judge/one who judges",
"*nābîʾ*": "prophet/seer/spokesperson",
"*qōsēm*": "diviner/soothsayer/one who practices divination",
"*zāqēn*": "elder/old man/aged one"
}
}
3 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.3.3",
"source": "שַׂר־חֲמִשִּׁ֖ים וּנְשׂ֣וּא פָנִ֑ים וְיוֹעֵ֛ץ וַחֲכַ֥ם חֲרָשִׁ֖ים וּנְב֥וֹן לָֽחַשׁ",
"text": "*śar*-*ḥămišîm* and-*nəśûʾ* *pānîm* and-*yôʿēṣ* and-*ḥăkam* *ḥărāšîm* and-*nəbôn* *lāḥaš*",
"grammar": {
"*śar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - captain/chief of",
"*ḥămišîm*": "number - fifty",
"*nəśûʾ*": "Qal passive participle, masculine singular - lifted up/exalted",
"*pānîm*": "noun, masculine plural - face/countenance",
"*yôʿēṣ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - counselor/adviser",
"*ḥăkam*": "adjective, masculine singular construct - wise/skilled",
"*ḥărāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - craftsmen/artisans/engravers",
"*nəbôn*": "Niphal participle, masculine singular - understanding/discerning",
"*lāḥaš*": "noun, masculine singular - whisper/charm/spell"
},
"variants": {
"*śar*": "captain/chief/prince/leader",
"*ḥămišîm*": "fifty (as a military unit)",
"*nəśûʾ pānîm*": "one of dignity/respected person/honored one",
"*yôʿēṣ*": "counselor/adviser/consultant",
"*ḥăkam ḥărāšîm*": "skilled craftsman/expert artisan/master of crafts",
"*nəbôn lāḥaš*": "skilled in enchantment/eloquent speaker/expert in incantation"
}
}
4 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.3.4",
"source": "וְנָתַתִּ֥י נְעָרִ֖ים שָׂרֵיהֶ֑ם וְתַעֲלוּלִ֖ים יִמְשְׁלוּ־בָֽם",
"text": "And-*nātattî* *nəʿārîm* *śārêhem* and-*taʿălûlîm* *yimšəlû*-in-them",
"grammar": {
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*nātattî*": "Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I will give/set/place",
"*nəʿārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - youths/boys/lads",
"*śārêhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their princes/officials",
"*taʿălûlîm*": "noun, masculine plural - children/capricious ones",
"*yimšəlû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will rule/govern",
"*bām*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in/against them"
},
"variants": {
"*nātattî*": "I will give/set/appoint/make",
"*nəʿārîm*": "youths/boys/lads/immature ones",
"*śārêhem*": "their princes/officials/rulers",
"*taʿălûlîm*": "children/capricious ones/childish ones/mockers",
"*yimšəlû*": "they will rule/govern/dominate/control"
}
}
5 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.3.5",
"source": "וְנִגַּ֣שׂ הָעָ֔ם אִ֥ישׁ בְּאִ֖ישׁ וְאִ֣ישׁ בְּרֵעֵ֑הוּ יִרְהֲב֗וּ הַנַּ֙עַר֙ בַּזָּקֵ֔ן וְהַנִּקְלֶ֖ה בַּנִּכְבָּֽד",
"text": "And-*niggaś* the-*ʿām*, *ʾîš* against-*ʾîš* and-*ʾîš* against-*rēʿēhû*; *yirhabû* the-*naʿar* against-the-*zāqēn*, and-the-*niqleh* against-the-*nikbād*",
"grammar": {
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*niggaś*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will be oppressed",
"*hāʿām*": "definite noun, masculine singular - the people",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man",
"*bə*": "preposition - against/in",
"*rēʿēhû*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his neighbor",
"*yirhabû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will behave insolently",
"*hanaʿar*": "definite noun, masculine singular - the youth",
"*bazzāqēn*": "preposition with definite noun, masculine singular - against the elder",
"*hanniqleh*": "definite Niphal participle, masculine singular - the despised/dishonored one",
"*bannikbād*": "preposition with definite Niphal participle, masculine singular - against the honored one"
},
"variants": {
"*niggaś*": "will be oppressed/tyrannized/pressured",
"*ʿām*": "people/nation/folk",
"*ʾîš*": "man/each/one",
"*rēʿēhû*": "his neighbor/companion/fellow",
"*yirhabû*": "they will behave insolently/storm against/be arrogant",
"*naʿar*": "youth/boy/lad",
"*zāqēn*": "elder/old man/aged one",
"*niqleh*": "despised/dishonored/lightly esteemed",
"*nikbād*": "honored/respected/esteemed"
}
}
6 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.3.6",
"source": "כִּֽי־יִתְפֹּ֨שׂ אִ֤ישׁ בְּאָחִיו֙ בֵּ֣ית אָבִ֔יו שִׂמְלָ֣ה לְכָ֔ה קָצִ֖ין תִּֽהְיֶה־לָּ֑נוּ וְהַמַּכְשֵׁלָ֥ה הַזֹּ֖את תַּ֥חַת יָדֶֽךָ",
"text": "When-*yitpōś* *ʾîš* on-*ʾāḥîw* of-*bêt* *ʾābîw*: '*śimlāh* to-you, *qāṣîn* *tihyeh*-to-us, and-the-*makšēlāh* the-*zōʾt* under *yādekā*'",
"grammar": {
"*kî*": "conjunction - when/because",
"*yitpōś*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will seize/grasp",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - a man",
"*bə*": "preposition - on/at",
"*ʾāḥîw*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his brother",
"*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of",
"*ʾābîw*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his father",
"*śimlāh*": "noun, feminine singular - cloak/outer garment",
"*lekā*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to you",
"*qāṣîn*": "noun, masculine singular - ruler/commander",
"*tihyeh*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will be",
"*lānû*": "preposition with 1st person common plural suffix - to us",
"*hamakšēlāh*": "definite noun, feminine singular - the ruin/stumbling",
"*hazzōʾt*": "demonstrative adjective, feminine singular - this",
"*taḥat*": "preposition - under",
"*yādekā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your hand"
},
"variants": {
"*yitpōś*": "will seize/grasp/take hold of",
"*ʾîš*": "man/someone/each",
"*ʾāḥîw*": "his brother/kinsman/relative",
"*bêt ʾābîw*": "his father's house/family",
"*śimlāh*": "cloak/outer garment/clothing",
"*qāṣîn*": "ruler/commander/chief",
"*tihyeh*": "you will be/become/exist as",
"*makšēlāh*": "ruin/stumbling/downfall",
"*zōʾt*": "this/this one",
"*yād*": "hand/power/control"
}
}
7 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.3.7",
"source": "יִשָּׂא֩ בַיּ֨וֹם הַה֤וּא ׀ לֵאמֹר֙ לֹא־אֶהְיֶ֣ה חֹבֵ֔שׁ וּבְבֵיתִ֕י אֵ֥ין לֶ֖חֶם וְאֵ֣ין שִׂמְלָ֑ה לֹ֥א תְשִׂימֻ֖נִי קְצִ֥ין עָֽם",
"text": "*yiśśāʾ* in-the-*yôm* the-*hû* *lēʾmōr*: Not-*ʾehyeh* *ḥōbēš*, and-in-*bêtî* *ʾên* *leḥem* and-*ʾên* *śimlāh*; not *təśîmunî* *qəṣîn* *ʿām*",
"grammar": {
"*yiśśāʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will lift up/raise/answer",
"*bayyôm*": "preposition with definite noun, masculine singular - in the day",
"*hahû*": "definite demonstrative, masculine singular - that",
"*lēʾmōr*": "Qal infinitive construct - saying",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*ʾehyeh*": "Qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will be",
"*ḥōbēš*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - one who binds up/healer",
"*bəbêtî*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - in my house",
"*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not",
"*leḥem*": "noun, masculine singular - bread/food",
"*śimlāh*": "noun, feminine singular - cloak/outer garment",
"*təśîmunî*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - you will make me",
"*qəṣîn*": "noun, masculine singular - ruler/commander",
"*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular - people"
},
"variants": {
"*yiśśāʾ*": "he will lift up/raise/answer/respond",
"*yôm*": "day/time/period",
"*hû*": "that/the same",
"*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say",
"*ʾehyeh*": "I will be/become/exist as",
"*ḥōbēš*": "one who binds up/healer/one who bandages wounds",
"*bêt*": "house/home/household",
"*ʾên*": "there is not/there isn't/no",
"*leḥem*": "bread/food/sustenance",
"*śimlāh*": "cloak/outer garment/clothing",
"*təśîmunî*": "you (plural) will make me/set me/appoint me",
"*qəṣîn*": "ruler/commander/chief",
"*ʿām*": "people/nation/folk"
}
}