Jeremiah 15:5

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Jeremiah.15.5", "source": "כִּ֠י מִֽי־יַחְמֹ֤ל עָלַ֙יִךְ֙ יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם וּמִ֖י יָנ֣וּד לָ֑ךְ וּמִ֣י יָס֔וּר לִשְׁאֹ֥ל לְשָׁלֹ֖ם לָֽךְ׃", "text": "For who-*yaḥmōl* upon-you *yərûšālaim*, and-who *yānûd* for-you, and-who *yāsûr* to-ask for-*šālôm* for-you?", "grammar": { "*yaḥmōl*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will have pity/compassion", "*yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*yānûd*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will bemoan/console/sympathize", "*yāsûr*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will turn aside/depart", "*šālôm*": "noun common masculine singular - peace/welfare" }, "variants": { "*yaḥmōl*": "will have pity/compassion/mercy", "*yānûd*": "will bemoan/console/sympathize/show grief", "*yāsûr*": "will turn aside/depart/go out of way", "*lišʾōl lĕšālôm*": "to ask for welfare/to inquire about peace/to greet" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

כִּ֠י מִֽי־יַחְמֹ֤ל עָלַ֙יִךְ֙ יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם וּמִ֖י יָנ֣וּד לָ֑ךְ וּמִ֣י יָס֔וּר לִשְׁאֹ֥ל לְשָׁלֹ֖ם לָֽךְ׃

Transliteration

For who-yaḥmōl upon-you yərûšālaim, and-who yānûd for-you, and-who yāsûr to-ask for-šālôm for-you?

Grammar Details

• *yaḥmōl*: qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will have pity/compassion
• *yərûšālaim*: proper noun - Jerusalem
• *yānûd*: qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will bemoan/console/sympathize
• *yāsûr*: qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will turn aside/depart
• *šālôm*: noun common masculine singular - peace/welfare

Word Meanings

• *yaḥmōl*: will have pity/compassion/mercy
• *yānûd*: will bemoan/console/sympathize/show grief
• *yāsûr*: will turn aside/depart/go out of way
• *lišʾōl lĕšālôm*: to ask for welfare/to inquire about peace/to greet

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Who will have pity on you, Jerusalem? Who will mourn for you? Who will turn aside to ask how you are?

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  For who shall have pity upon thee, O usalem? or who shall bemoan thee? or who shall go aside to ask how thou doest?

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  For who shall have pity upon you, O Jerusalem? or who shall bemoan you? or who shall turn aside to ask how you are?

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  For who shall have pity upon thee, O Jerusalem? or who shall bemoan thee? or who shall go aside to ask how thou doest?

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  For who will have pity{H2550} upon thee, O Jerusalem?{H3389} or who will bemoan{H5110} thee? or who will turn aside{H5493} to ask{H7592} of thy welfare?{H7965}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  For who shall have pity{H2550}{(H8799)} upon thee, O Jerusalem{H3389}? or who shall bemoan{H5110}{(H8799)} thee? or who shall go aside{H5493}{(H8799)} to ask{H7592}{(H8800)} how thou doest{H7965}?

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Who shal then haue pite vpon the, o Ierusalem? Who shal be sory for the? Or who shal make intercession, to opteyne peace for the?

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Who shal then haue pitie vpon thee, O Ierusalem? Or who shalbe sorie for thee? Or who shal go to pray for thy peace?

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Who shall then haue pitie vpon thee O Hierusalem? who shalbe sorie for thee? Or who shall make intercession to obtayne peace for thee?

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  For who shall have pity upon thee, O Jerusalem? or who shall bemoan thee? or who shall go aside to ask how thou doest?

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  For who will have pity on you, Jerusalem? or who will bemoan you? or who will turn aside to ask of your welfare?

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  For who hath pity on thee, O Jerusalem? And who doth bemoan for thee? And who turneth aside to ask of thy welfare?

• American Standard Version (1901)

  For who will have pity upon thee, O Jerusalem? or who will bemoan thee? or who will turn aside to ask of thy welfare?

• American Standard Version (1901)

  For who will have pity upon thee, O Jerusalem? or who will bemoan thee? or who will turn aside to ask of thy welfare?

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  For who will have pity on you, O Jerusalem? and who will have sorrow for you? or who will go out of his way to see how you are?

• World English Bible (2000)

  For who will have pity on you, Jerusalem? or who will bemoan you? or who will turn aside to ask of your welfare?

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  The LORD cried out,“Who in the world will have pity on you, Jerusalem? Who will grieve over you? Who will stop long enough to inquire about how you are doing?

Referenced Verses

• Isa 51:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Isaiah.51.19", "source": "שְׁתַּ֤יִם הֵ֙נָּה֙ קֹֽרְאֹתַ֔יִךְ מִ֖י יָנ֣וּד לָ֑ךְ הַשֹּׁ֧ד וְהַשֶּׁ֛בֶר וְהָרָעָ֥ב וְהַחֶ֖רֶב מִ֥י אֲנַחֲמֵֽךְ", "text": "*šəttayim hēnnâ qōrə'ōtayik mî yānûd lāk haššōd wəhaššeber wəhārā'āb wəhaḥereb mî 'ănaḥămēk*", "grammar": { "*šəttayim*": "numeral, feminine - two", "*hēnnâ*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine plural - these", "*qōrə'ōtayik*": "Qal participle, feminine plural with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - are befalling you", "*mî*": "interrogative pronoun - who", "*yānûd*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will sympathize", "*lāk*": "preposition with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - for you", "*haššōd*": "definite article + common noun, masculine singular - the devastation", "*wəhaššeber*": "conjunction + definite article + common noun, masculine singular - and the destruction", "*wəhārā'āb*": "conjunction + definite article + common noun, masculine singular - and the famine", "*wəhaḥereb*": "conjunction + definite article + common noun, feminine singular - and the sword", "*mî*": "interrogative pronoun - who", "*'ănaḥămēk*": "Piel imperfect, 1st person singular with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - I will comfort you" }, "variants": { "*qōrə'ōtayik*": "are befalling you/are happening to you/are encountering you", "*yānûd*": "will sympathize/will console/will comfort", "*šōd*": "devastation/destruction/ruin", "*šeber*": "destruction/ruin/breaking", "*'ănaḥămēk*": "I will comfort you/I will console you" } }
• Nah 3:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Nahum.3.7", "source": "וְהָיָה כָל־רֹאַיִךְ יִדּוֹד מִמֵּךְ וְאָמַר שָׁדְּדָה נִינְוֵה מִי יָנוּד לָהּ מֵאַיִן אֲבַקֵּשׁ מְנַחֲמִים לָךְ׃", "text": "*wĕ-hāyāh* *kol-rōʾayik* *yiddôd* *mimmēk* *wĕ-ʾāmar* *šodĕdāh* *nînĕwēh* *mî* *yānûd* *lāh* *mēʾayin* *ăbaqqēš* *mĕnaḥămîm* *lāk*", "grammar": { "*wĕ-hāyāh*": "conjunction + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it will be", "*kol-rōʾayik*": "noun, masculine, singular construct + verb, Qal participle, masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - all seeing you", "*yiddôd*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will flee", "*mimmēk*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - from you", "*wĕ-ʾāmar*": "conjunction + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and will say", "*šodĕdāh*": "verb, Pual perfect, 3rd feminine singular - has been devastated", "*nînĕwēh*": "proper noun - Nineveh", "*mî*": "interrogative pronoun - who", "*yānûd*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will mourn/console", "*lāh*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - for her", "*mēʾayin*": "preposition + interrogative - from where", "*ăbaqqēš*": "verb, Piel imperfect, 1st singular - will I seek", "*mĕnaḥămîm*": "verb, Piel participle, masculine plural - comforters", "*lāk*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - for you" }, "variants": { "*yiddôd*": "flee/wander away/depart", "*šodĕdāh*": "devastated/destroyed/laid waste", "*yānûd*": "mourn/console/shake head in sympathy", "*mēʾayin*": "from where/whence", "*ăbaqqēš*": "seek/search for/look for", "*mĕnaḥămîm*": "comforters/consolers" } }
• Jer 21:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.21.7", "source": "וְאַחֲרֵי־כֵ֣ן נְאֻם־יְהוָ֡ה אֶתֵּ֣ן אֶת־צִדְקִיָּ֣הוּ מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֣ה וְאֶת־עֲבָדָ֣יו ׀ וְאֶת־הָעָ֡ם וְאֶת־הַנִּשְׁאָרִים֩ בָּעִ֨יר הַזֹּ֜את מִן־הַדֶּ֣בֶר ׀ מִן־הַחֶ֣רֶב וּמִן־הָרָעָ֗ב בְּיַד֙ נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֣ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֔ל וּבְיַד֙ אֹֽיְבֵיהֶ֔ם וּבְיַ֖ד מְבַקְשֵׁ֣י נַפְשָׁ֑ם וְהִכָּ֣ם לְפִי־חֶ֔רֶב לֹֽא־יָח֣וּס עֲלֵיהֶ֔ם וְלֹ֥א יַחְמֹ֖ל וְלֹ֥א יְרַחֵֽם׃", "text": "And after *kēn* *nĕʾum*-*yhwh* *ʾettēn* *ʾet*-*ṣidqiyyāhû* *melek*-*yĕhûdāh* and *ʾet*-*ʿăbādāyw* and *ʾet*-the *ʿām* and *ʾet*-the *nišʾārîm* in the *ʿîr* the *zōʾt* from the *deber*, from the *ḥereb* and from the *rāʿāb*, in *yad* *nĕbûkadreʾṣṣar* *melek*-*bābel* and in *yad* *ʾōyĕbêhem* and in *yad* *mĕbaqqĕšê* *napšām*; and *hikkām* to *pî*-*ḥereb*, not *yāḥûs* on them and not *yaḥmōl* and not *yĕraḥēm*.", "grammar": { "*wĕʾaḥărê*": "conjunction with preposition - and after", "*kēn*": "adverb - so/thus", "*nĕʾum*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - declaration of", "*yhwh*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ʾettēn*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will give", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ṣidqiyyāhû*": "proper noun - Zedekiah", "*melek*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - king of", "*yĕhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*ʿăbādāyw*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his servants", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine, singular - people", "*nišʾārîm*": "verb, niphal participle, masculine plural - those remaining", "*bāʿîr*": "preposition with noun, feminine, singular - in the city", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative adjective, feminine singular - this", "*min*": "preposition - from", "*deber*": "noun, masculine, singular - pestilence", "*ḥereb*": "noun, feminine, singular - sword", "*rāʿāb*": "noun, masculine, singular - famine", "*bĕyad*": "preposition with noun, feminine, singular - into the hand of", "*nĕbûkadreʾṣṣar*": "proper noun - Nebuchadnezzar", "*melek*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - king of", "*bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*ʾōyĕbêhem*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their enemies", "*mĕbaqqĕšê*": "verb, piel participle, masculine plural construct - those seeking", "*napšām*": "noun, feminine, singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their life", "*hikkām*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he will strike them", "*pî*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - mouth/edge of", "*ḥereb*": "noun, feminine, singular - sword", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yāḥûs*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will spare", "*ʿălêhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - upon them", "*yaḥmōl*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will pity", "*yĕraḥēm*": "verb, piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will have compassion" }, "variants": { "*nĕʾum*": "declaration/utterance/oracle", "*ʾettēn*": "I will give/deliver/put", "*nišʾārîm*": "those remaining/those left/survivors", "*deber*": "pestilence/plague", "*ḥereb*": "sword/war", "*rāʿāb*": "famine/hunger", "*mĕbaqqĕšê*": "those seeking/those looking for", "*napšām*": "their life/soul/being", "*hikkām*": "he will strike them/smite them", "*pî*": "mouth/edge/opening", "*yāḥûs*": "he will spare/pity/have compassion", "*yaḥmōl*": "he will pity/spare", "*yĕraḥēm*": "he will have compassion/mercy" } }
• Ps 69:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Psalms.69.20", "source": "אַתָּ֤ה יָדַ֗עְתָּ חֶרְפָּתִ֣י וּ֭בָשְׁתִּי וּכְלִמָּתִ֑י נֶ֝גְדְּךָ֗ כָּל־צוֹרְרָֽי׃", "text": "*'attâ* *yāda'tā* *ḥerpātî* and-*bāštî* and-*kĕlimmātî* before-you all-*ṣôrĕrāy*", "grammar": { "*'attâ*": "2nd person masculine singular independent pronoun - you", "*yāda'tā*": "Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you know", "*ḥerpātî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my reproach", "*bāštî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix and prefixed conjunction waw - and my shame", "*kĕlimmātî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix and prefixed conjunction waw - and my dishonor", "*ṣôrĕrāy*": "Qal participle, masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - my adversaries" }, "variants": { "*yāda'tā*": "you know/you knew", "*ḥerpātî*": "my reproach/my disgrace/my scorn", "*bāštî*": "my shame/my disgrace", "*kĕlimmātî*": "my dishonor/my humiliation/my disgrace", "*ṣôrĕrāy*": "my adversaries/my enemies/those who harass me" } }
• Lam 1:12-16 : 12 { "verseID": "Lamentations.1.12", "source": "ל֣וֹא אֲלֵיכֶם֮ כָּל־עֹ֣בְרֵי דֶרֶךְ֒ הַבִּ֣יטוּ וּרְא֔וּ אִם־יֵ֤שׁ מַכְאוֹב֙ כְּמַכְאֹבִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֥ר עוֹלַ֖ל לִ֑י אֲשֶׁר֙ הוֹגָ֣ה יְהוָ֔ה בְּי֖וֹם חֲר֥וֹן אַפּֽוֹ׃ ס", "text": "*lôʾ* to you all-*ʿōḇərê* *dereḵ*, *habbîṭû* *û*-*rəʾû* if-*yēš* *maḵʾôḇ* like my *maḵʾōḇî* *ʾăšer* *ʿôlal* to me, *ʾăšer* *hôḡāh* *YHWH* in *yôm* *ḥărôn* his *ʾappô*.", "grammar": { "*lôʾ*": "negative particle/exclamation - Is it nothing", "*ʾălêḵem*": "preposition with 2nd masculine plural suffix - to you", "*kāl*": "noun, construct - all of", "*ʿōḇərê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - those passing by", "*dereḵ*": "noun, masculine singular - way", "*habbîṭû*": "hifil imperative, masculine plural - look", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*rəʾû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - see", "*ʾim*": "conjunction - if", "*yēš*": "particle of existence - there is", "*maḵʾôḇ*": "noun, masculine singular - pain", "*kəmaḵʾōḇî*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - like my pain", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*ʿôlal*": "polal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was done", "*lî*": "preposition with 1st singular suffix - to me", "*hôḡāh*": "hifil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he afflicted", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD", "*bəyôm*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in day of", "*ḥărôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - burning of", "*ʾappô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his anger" }, "variants": { "*lôʾ ʾălêḵem*": "Is it nothing to you?/Does it not concern you?", "*ʿōḇərê dereḵ*": "passersby/travelers/those who pass along the way", "*habbîṭû*": "look/observe/consider", "*maḵʾôḇ*": "pain/sorrow/suffering", "*ʿôlal*": "was done/was inflicted/was brought", "*hôḡāh*": "afflicted/made sorrowful/punished", "*ḥărôn ʾappô*": "his fierce anger/his burning wrath/his intense fury" } } 13 { "verseID": "Lamentations.1.13", "source": "מִמָּר֛וֹם שָֽׁלַח־אֵ֥שׁ בְּעַצְמֹתַ֖י וַיִּרְדֶּ֑נָּה פָּרַ֨שׂ רֶ֤שֶׁת לְרַגְלַי֙ הֱשִׁיבַ֣נִי אָח֔וֹר נְתָנַ֙נִי֙ שֹֽׁמֵמָ֔ה כָּל־הַיּ֖וֹם דָּוָֽה׃ ס", "text": "From *mārôm* he *šālaḥ*-*ʾēš* in my *ʿaṣmōṯay* *wa*-*yirdennāh*; he *pāraś* *rešeṯ* for my *raḡlay*, *hĕšîḇanî* *ʾāḥôr*; he *nəṯānanî* *šōmēmāh*, all-the *yôm* *dāwāh*.", "grammar": { "*mimmārôm*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - from height", "*šālaḥ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he sent", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular - fire", "*bəʿaṣmōṯay*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural with 1st singular suffix - in my bones", "*wa*": "conjunction - and", "*yirdennāh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - he subdued it", "*pāraś*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he spread", "*rešeṯ*": "noun, feminine singular - net", "*ləraḡlay*": "preposition + noun, feminine dual with 1st singular suffix - for my feet", "*hĕšîḇanî*": "hifil perfect, 3rd masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - he turned me back", "*ʾāḥôr*": "adverb - backward", "*nəṯānanî*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - he made me", "*šōmēmāh*": "qal participle, feminine singular - desolate", "*kāl*": "noun, construct - all of", "*hayyôm*": "definite noun, masculine singular - the day", "*dāwāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - faint" }, "variants": { "*mārôm*": "height/above/heaven", "*šālaḥ-ʾēš*": "sent fire/cast fire", "*ʿaṣmōṯay*": "my bones/my skeleton", "*yirdennāh*": "subdued it/overpowered it/made it prevail", "*pāraś rešeṯ*": "spread a net/laid a snare", "*raḡlay*": "my feet/my legs", "*hĕšîḇanî ʾāḥôr*": "turned me back/made me retreat", "*nəṯānanî šōmēmāh*": "made me desolate/rendered me devastated", "*dāwāh*": "faint/sick/ill" } } 14 { "verseID": "Lamentations.1.14", "source": "נִשְׂקַד֩ עֹ֨ל פְּשָׁעַ֜י בְּיָד֗וֹ יִשְׂתָּֽרְג֛וּ עָל֥וּ עַל־צַוָּארִ֖י הִכְשִׁ֣יל כֹּחִ֑י נְתָנַ֣נִי אֲדֹנָ֔י בִּידֵ֖י לֹא־אוּכַ֥ל קֽוּם׃ ס", "text": "*niśqaḏ* *ʿōl* my *pəšāʿay* by his *yāḏô*, *yiśtārəḡû* *ʿālû* upon-my *ṣawwārî*, *hiḵšîl* my *kōḥî*; *nəṯānanî* *ʾăḏōnāy* into *yəḏê* *lōʾ*-*ʾûḵal* *qûm*.", "grammar": { "*niśqaḏ*": "nifal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it was bound", "*ʿōl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - yoke of", "*pəšāʿay*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st singular suffix - my transgressions", "*bəyāḏô*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - by his hand", "*yiśtārəḡû*": "hitpael imperfect, 3rd plural - they intertwine themselves", "*ʿālû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they went up", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon", "*ṣawwārî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my neck", "*hiḵšîl*": "hifil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he made to stumble", "*kōḥî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my strength", "*nəṯānanî*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - he gave me", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st singular suffix - my Lord", "*bîḏê*": "preposition + noun, feminine dual construct - into hands of", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾûḵal*": "qal imperfect, 1st singular - I am able", "*qûm*": "qal infinitive construct - to rise" }, "variants": { "*niśqaḏ*": "was bound/was fastened/was tied", "*ʿōl*": "yoke/burden", "*pəšāʿay*": "my transgressions/my rebellions/my sins", "*yiśtārəḡû*": "intertwine themselves/entwine/are woven together", "*ʿālû*": "went up/mounted/ascended", "*ṣawwārî*": "my neck", "*hiḵšîl*": "made to stumble/weakened/caused to fail", "*kōḥî*": "my strength/my power", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "Lord/my Lord/the Lord", "*lōʾ-ʾûḵal qûm*": "I cannot rise/I am unable to stand" } } 15 { "verseID": "Lamentations.1.15", "source": "סִלָּ֨ה כָל־אַבִּירַ֤י ׀ אֲדֹנָי֙ בְּקִרְבִּ֔י קָרָ֥א עָלַ֛י מוֹעֵ֖ד לִשְׁבֹּ֣ר בַּחוּרָ֑י גַּ֚ת דָּרַ֣ךְ אֲדֹנָ֔י לִבְתוּלַ֖ת בַּת־יְהוּדָֽה׃ ס", "text": "*sillāh* all-my *ʾabbîray* *ʾăḏōnāy* within me; he *qārāʾ* upon me *môʿēḏ* to *lišbōr* my *baḥûrāy*; *gaṯ* *dāraḵ* *ʾăḏōnāy* to *ḇəṯûlaṯ* *baṯ*-*yəhûḏāh*.", "grammar": { "*sillāh*": "piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he rejected", "*kāl*": "noun, construct - all of", "*ʾabbîray*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st singular suffix - my mighty men", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st singular suffix - my Lord", "*bəqirbî*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - within me", "*qārāʾ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he called", "*ʿālay*": "preposition with 1st singular suffix - upon me", "*môʿēḏ*": "noun, masculine singular - appointed time", "*lišbōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to break", "*baḥûrāy*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st singular suffix - my young men", "*gaṯ*": "noun, feminine singular - winepress", "*dāraḵ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he trod", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st singular suffix - my Lord", "*liḇəṯûlaṯ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - to virgin of", "*baṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - daughter of", "*yəhûḏāh*": "proper noun - Judah" }, "variants": { "*sillāh*": "rejected/cast away/set aside/trampled", "*ʾabbîray*": "my mighty men/my warriors/my strong ones", "*qārāʾ môʿēḏ*": "called an assembly/proclaimed a solemn assembly/summoned", "*lišbōr*": "to break/to crush/to shatter", "*baḥûrāy*": "my young men/my chosen ones", "*gaṯ dāraḵ*": "trod the winepress/trampled as in a winepress", "*ḇəṯûlaṯ baṯ-yəhûḏāh*": "virgin daughter of Judah/the virgin of the daughter of Judah" } } 16 { "verseID": "Lamentations.1.16", "source": "עַל־אֵ֣לֶּה ׀ אֲנִ֣י בוֹכִיָּ֗ה עֵינִ֤י ׀ עֵינִי֙ יֹ֣רְדָה מַּ֔יִם כִּֽי־רָחַ֥ק מִמֶּ֛נִּי מְנַחֵ֖ם מֵשִׁ֣יב נַפְשִׁ֑י הָי֤וּ בָנַי֙ שֽׁוֹמֵמִ֔ים כִּ֥י גָבַ֖ר אוֹיֵֽב׃ ס", "text": "Upon-*ʾēlleh* *ʾănî* *ḇôḵîyāh*, my *ʿênî* my *ʿênî* *yōrəḏāh* *mayim*, *kî*-*rāḥaq* from me *mənaḥēm* *mēšîḇ* my *nap̄šî*; *hāyû* my *ḇānay* *šômēmîm*, *kî* *ḡāḇar* *ʾôyēḇ*.", "grammar": { "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/because of", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun - these", "*ʾănî*": "1st singular personal pronoun - I", "*ḇôḵîyāh*": "qal participle, feminine singular - weeping", "*ʿênî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st singular suffix - my eye", "*yōrəḏāh*": "qal participle, feminine singular - running down", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - water", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*rāḥaq*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he is far", "*mimmennî*": "preposition with 1st singular suffix - from me", "*mənaḥēm*": "piel participle, masculine singular - comforter", "*mēšîḇ*": "hifil participle, masculine singular construct - restorer of", "*nap̄šî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st singular suffix - my soul", "*hāyû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they became", "*ḇānay*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st singular suffix - my children", "*šômēmîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - desolate", "*ḡāḇar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he prevailed", "*ʾôyēḇ*": "qal participle, masculine singular - enemy" }, "variants": { "*ḇôḵîyāh*": "weeping/crying", "*ʿênî ʿênî yōrəḏāh mayim*": "my eye, my eye runs down with water/my eyes shed streams of tears", "*rāḥaq*": "is far/is distant/has gone away", "*mənaḥēm mēšîḇ nap̄šî*": "comforter who restores my soul/consoler who revives my spirit", "*ḇānay*": "my children/my sons", "*šômēmîm*": "desolate/devastated/stunned", "*ḡāḇar*": "prevailed/was stronger/overcame", "*ʾôyēḇ*": "enemy/foe/adversary" } }
• Lam 2:15-16 : 15 { "verseID": "Lamentations.2.15", "source": "סָֽפְק֨וּ עָלַ֤יִךְ כַּפַּ֙יִם֙ כָּל־עֹ֣בְרֵי דֶ֔רֶךְ שָֽׁרְקוּ֙ וַיָּנִ֣עוּ רֹאשָׁ֔ם עַל־בַּ֖ת יְרוּשָׁלָ֑͏ִם הֲזֹ֣את הָעִ֗יר שֶׁיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ כְּלִ֣ילַת יֹ֔פִי מָשׂ֖וֹשׂ לְכָל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "*sāp̄əqû* upon-you *kappayim* all-*ʿōḇrê* *ḏereḵ* *šārəqû* and-*wayyānîʿû* *rōʾšām* on-daughter *yərûšālāim* Is-this the-*ʿîr* that-*šeyyōʾmərû* *kəlîlaṯ* *yōp̄î* *māśôś* to-all-the-*ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*sāp̄əqû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they have clapped", "*ʿālayiḵ*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - at you", "*kappayim*": "noun, feminine dual - palms/hands", "*kol-ʿōḇrê*": "noun, masculine singular construct + qal participle, masculine plural construct - all passersby of", "*ḏereḵ*": "noun, masculine singular - way/road", "*šārəqû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they have hissed", "*wayyānîʿû*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they have shaken", "*rōʾšām*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their head", "*ʿal-baṯ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - at daughter of", "*yərûšālāim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*hăzōʾṯ*": "interrogative particle + demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - is this", "*hāʿîr*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the city", "*šeyyōʾmərû*": "relative particle + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - that they called", "*kəlîlaṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - perfection of", "*yōp̄î*": "noun, masculine singular - beauty", "*māśôś*": "noun, masculine singular - joy", "*ləḵol-hāʾāreṣ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct + definite article + noun, feminine singular - to all the earth" }, "variants": { "*sāp̄əqû*": "clap/strike/slap", "*kappayim*": "hands/palms", "*ʿōḇrê*": "passersby/those who pass", "*šārəqû*": "hiss/whistle (in mockery)", "*wayyānîʿû*": "shake/wag/move", "*kəlîlaṯ*": "perfection/crown/completeness", "*yōp̄î*": "beauty/splendor", "*māśôś*": "joy/gladness/delight" } } 16 { "verseID": "Lamentations.2.16", "source": "פָּצ֨וּ עָלַ֤יִךְ פִּיהֶם֙ כָּל־א֣וֹיְבַ֔יִךְ שָֽׁרְקוּ֙ וַיַּֽחַרְקוּ־שֵׁ֔ן אָמְר֖וּ בִּלָּ֑עְנוּ אַ֣ךְ זֶ֥ה הַיּ֛וֹם שֶׁקִּוִּינֻ֖הוּ מָצָ֥אנוּ רָאִֽינוּ׃", "text": "*pāṣû* upon-you *pîhem* all-*ʾôyəḇayiḵ* *šārəqû* and-*wayyaḥarqû*-*šēn* *ʾāmərû* *billāʿnû* surely this the-*yôm* that-*šeqqiwwînuhû* *māṣāʾnû* *rāʾînû*", "grammar": { "*pāṣû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they have opened wide", "*ʿālayiḵ*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - against you", "*pîhem*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their mouth", "*kol-ʾôyəḇayiḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct + qal participle, masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - all your enemies", "*šārəqû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they have hissed", "*wayyaḥarqû-šēn*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural + noun, feminine singular - and they have gnashed teeth", "*ʾāmərû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they have said", "*billāʿnû*": "piel perfect, 1st common plural - we have swallowed her", "*ʾaḵ*": "adverb - surely/indeed", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*hayyôm*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the day", "*šeqqiwwînuhû*": "relative particle + piel perfect, 1st common plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - that we have waited for it", "*māṣāʾnû*": "qal perfect, 1st common plural - we have found", "*rāʾînû*": "qal perfect, 1st common plural - we have seen" }, "variants": { "*pāṣû*": "open wide/gape", "*ʾôyəḇayiḵ*": "enemies/foes/adversaries", "*šārəqû*": "hiss/whistle (in mockery)", "*wayyaḥarqû-šēn*": "gnash teeth/grind teeth", "*billāʿnû*": "swallow up/devour/destroy", "*qiwwînuhû*": "wait for/hope for/expect" } }
• Jer 13:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.13.14", "source": "וְנִפַּצְתִּים֩ אִ֨ישׁ אֶל־אָחִ֜יו וְהָאָב֧וֹת וְהַבָּנִ֛ים יַחְדָּ֖ו נְאֻם־יְהוָ֑ה לֹֽא־אֶחְמ֧וֹל וְלֹֽא־אָח֛וּס וְלֹ֥א אֲרַחֵ֖ם מֵהַשְׁחִיתָֽם׃ ס", "text": "And *nippaṣtîm ʾîsh* to *ʾāchîw* and the *ʾābôt* and the *bānîm yachdāw*, *neʾum*-*YHWH*. Not *ʾechmôl* and not *ʾāchûs* and not *ʾărachēm* from *hashechîtām*.", "grammar": { "*wenippaṣtîm*": "conjunction with piel perfect, 1st singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and I will dash them", "*ʾîsh*": "noun, masculine singular - man/each", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/against", "*ʾāchîw*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his brother", "*wehāʾābôt*": "conjunction with definite article with noun, masculine plural - and the fathers", "*wehabbānîm*": "conjunction with definite article with noun, masculine plural - and the sons", "*yachdāw*": "adverb - together", "*neʾum*": "construct noun - declaration of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾechmôl*": "imperfect, 1st singular - I will spare/pity", "*welōʾ*": "conjunction with negative particle - and not", "*ʾāchûs*": "imperfect, 1st singular - I will have compassion", "*welōʾ*": "conjunction with negative particle - and not", "*ʾărachēm*": "piel imperfect, 1st singular - I will show mercy", "*mēhashechîtām*": "preposition with hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - from destroying them" }, "variants": { "*nippaṣtîm*": "dash them/break them to pieces/shatter them", "*ʾechmôl*": "spare/have pity", "*ʾāchûs*": "have compassion/spare", "*ʾărachēm*": "have mercy/be compassionate" } }
• Jer 16:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.16.5", "source": "כִּֽי־כֹ֣ה ׀ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה אַל־תָּבוֹא֙ בֵּ֣ית מַרְזֵ֔חַ וְאַל־תֵּלֵ֣ךְ לִסְפּ֔וֹד וְאַל־תָּנֹ֖ד לָהֶ֑ם כִּֽי־אָסַ֨פְתִּי אֶת־שְׁלוֹמִ֜י מֵאֵ֨ת הָעָ֤ם הַזֶּה֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה אֶת־הַחֶ֖סֶד וְאֶת־הָֽרַחֲמִֽים׃", "text": "For *kōh* *ʾāmar* *YHWH* not *tāḇôʾ* *bêṯ* *marzēaḥ* and-not *tēlēḵ* to-*səp̄ôḏ* and-not *tānōḏ* to-them for *ʾāsap̄tî* *ʾeṯ*-*šəlômî* from-with *hā-ʿām* *ha-zzeh* *nəʾum*-*YHWH* *ʾeṯ*-*ha-ḥeseḏ* and-*ʾeṯ*-*hā-raḥămîm*", "grammar": { "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he said/spoke", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*tāḇôʾ*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular jussive - you shall enter/come", "*bêṯ*": "construct state, masculine singular - house of", "*marzēaḥ*": "masculine singular noun - funeral feast/mourning feast", "*tēlēḵ*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular jussive - you shall go", "*səp̄ôḏ*": "qal infinitive construct - to lament/mourn", "*tānōḏ*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular jussive - you shall show sympathy/console", "*ʾāsap̄tî*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have taken away/gathered", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*šəlômî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my peace", "*hā-ʿām*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the people", "*ha-zzeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*nəʾum*": "construct state, masculine singular - declaration of", "*ha-ḥeseḏ*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the lovingkindness/loyalty", "*hā-raḥămîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the compassion/mercy" }, "variants": { "*marzēaḥ*": "funeral feast/house of mourning/wake", "*šālôm*": "peace/welfare/prosperity/completeness", "*ḥeseḏ*": "lovingkindness/loyalty/faithfulness/covenant love", "*raḥămîm*": "compassion/mercy/deep love" } }
• Exod 18:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Exodus.18.7", "source": "וַיֵּצֵ֨א מֹשֶׁ֜ה לִקְרַ֣את חֹֽתְנ֗וֹ וַיִּשְׁתַּ֙חוּ֙ וַיִּשַּׁק־ל֔וֹ וַיִּשְׁאֲל֥וּ אִישׁ־לְרֵעֵ֖הוּ לְשָׁל֑וֹם וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ הָאֹֽהֱלָה׃", "text": "*wə*-*yēṣēʾ* *mōšeh* to-*qirʾat* *ḥōtenô* *wə*-*yištaḥû* *wə*-*yiššaq*-to-him *wə*-*yišʾălû* *ʾîš*-to-*rēʿēhû* to-*šālôm* *wə*-*yābōʾû* *hāʾōhĕlāh*", "grammar": { "*wə*-*yēṣēʾ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he went out", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*qirʾat*": "infinitive construct - meeting/to meet", "*ḥōtenô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his father-in-law", "*wə*-*yištaḥû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, hishtafel form - and he bowed down", "*wə*-*yiššaq*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he kissed", "*wə*-*yišʾălû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they asked", "*ʾîš*-to-*rēʿēhû*": "noun with preposition and noun with suffix - each man to his neighbor/one another", "*šālôm*": "noun, masculine singular - welfare/peace", "*wə*-*yābōʾû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they came", "*hāʾōhĕlāh*": "article with noun, masculine singular with directional heh - to the tent" }, "variants": { "*šālôm*": "peace/welfare/health/wholeness/well-being", "*ʾîš*-to-*rēʿēhû*": "each man to his fellow/one another/each other" } }
• Judg 18:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Judges.18.15", "source": "וַיָּס֣וּרוּ שָׁ֔מָּה וַיָּבֹ֛אוּ אֶל־בֵּֽית־הַנַּ֥עַר הַלֵּוִ֖י בֵּ֣ית מִיכָ֑ה וַיִּשְׁאֲלוּ־ל֖וֹ לְשָׁלֽוֹם׃", "text": "And *wayyāsûrû* there, and *wayyābōʾû* to-house-of-the *hannaʿar* the *hallēwî* house of *mîkâ* and *wayyišʾălû*-to him *lĕšālôm*.", "grammar": { "*wayyāsûrû*": "waw-consecutive + 3rd masculine plural, qal imperfect - they turned aside", "*šāmmâ*": "adverb - there, to that place", "*wayyābōʾû*": "waw-consecutive + 3rd masculine plural, qal imperfect - they came/entered", "*hannaʿar*": "definite, masculine singular noun - the young man", "*hallēwî*": "definite, masculine singular noun - the Levite", "*mîkâ*": "proper noun - Micah", "*wayyišʾălû*": "waw-consecutive + 3rd masculine plural, qal imperfect - they asked", "*lĕšālôm*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - for peace/welfare" }, "variants": { "*wayyāsûrû*": "turned aside/turned in/turned toward", "*hannaʿar*": "young man/servant/attendant", "*lĕšālôm*": "for welfare/in greeting/concerning wellbeing" } }
• 1 Sam 10:4 : 4 { "verseID": "1Samuel.10.4", "source": "וְשָׁאֲל֥וּ לְךָ֖ לְשָׁל֑וֹם וְנָתְנ֤וּ לְךָ֙ שְׁתֵּי־לֶ֔חֶם וְלָקַחְתָּ֖ מִיָּדָֽם׃", "text": "*wə-šāʾălû* to-you for-*šālôm* *wə-nāṯənû* to-you two-*leḥem* *wə-lāqaḥtā* from-*yāḏām*.", "grammar": { "*wə-šāʾălû*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd plural masculine - and they will ask", "*šālôm*": "noun, masculine singular - peace/welfare", "*wə-nāṯənû*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd plural masculine - and they will give", "*leḥem*": "noun, masculine singular - bread", "*wə-lāqaḥtā*": "conjunction + perfect, 2nd singular masculine - and you will take", "*yāḏām*": "noun, feminine dual with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their hand" }, "variants": { "*šāʾălû lə-šālôm*": "ask about welfare/greet/inquire of well-being", "*šətê-leḥem*": "two loaves of bread/two pieces of bread" } }
• 1 Sam 17:22 : 22 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.17.22", "source": "וַיִּטֹשׁ֩ דָּוִ֨ד אֶת־הַכֵּלִ֜ים מֵעָלָ֗יו עַל־יַד֙ שׁוֹמֵ֣ר הַכֵּלִ֔ים וַיָּ֖רָץ הַמַּעֲרָכָ֑ה וַיָּבֹ֕א וַיִּשְׁאַ֥ל לְאֶחָ֖יו לְשָׁלֽוֹם׃", "text": "*wa-yiṭṭōš* *dāwid* *ʾet* *ha-kēlîm* *mē-ʿālāyw* *ʿal* *yad* *šômēr* *ha-kēlîm* *wa-yārāṣ* *ha-maʿărākâ* *wa-yābōʾ* *wa-yišʾal* *lə-ʾeḥāyw* *lə-šālôm*", "grammar": { "*wa-yiṭṭōš*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he left", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ha-kēlîm*": "definite article + noun mp - the vessels/baggage", "*mē-ʿālāyw*": "preposition + preposition + 3ms suffix - from upon him", "*ʿal*": "preposition - with/upon", "*yad*": "noun fs construct - hand of", "*šômēr*": "qal participle ms construct - keeper of", "*ha-kēlîm*": "definite article + noun mp - the vessels/baggage", "*wa-yārāṣ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he ran", "*ha-maʿărākâ*": "definite article + noun fs - the battle array", "*wa-yābōʾ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he came", "*wa-yišʾal*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he asked", "*lə-ʾeḥāyw*": "preposition + noun mp + 3ms suffix - to his brothers", "*lə-šālôm*": "preposition + noun ms - for peace/welfare" }, "variants": { "*yiṭṭōš*": "left/put off/set down", "*kēlîm*": "vessels/equipment/baggage/supplies", "*šômēr ha-kēlîm*": "keeper of the supplies/baggage attendant", "*yārāṣ*": "ran/hurried", "*lə-šālôm*": "concerning welfare/about well-being" } }
• 1 Sam 25:5 : 5 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.25.5", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלַ֥ח דָּוִ֖ד עֲשָׂרָ֣ה נְעָרִ֑ים וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֜ד לַנְּעָרִ֗ים עֲל֤וּ כַרְמֶ֙לָה֙ וּבָאתֶ֣ם אֶל־נָבָ֔ל וּשְׁאֶלְתֶּם־ל֥וֹ בִשְׁמִ֖י לְשָׁלֽוֹם׃", "text": "And *wayyišlaḥ* *Dāwid* ten *nəʿārîm* and *wayyōʾmer* *Dāwid* to-the-*nəʿārîm* go-up *karmelāh* and-*ûbāʾtem* to-*Nābāl* and-*ûšəʾeltem*-to-him in-*šəmî* to-*šālôm*.", "grammar": { "*wayyišlaḥ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he sent", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*nəʿārîm*": "noun masculine plural - young men/servants", "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he said", "*karmelāh*": "proper noun + directional heh - to Carmel", "*ûbāʾtem*": "waw conjunctive + qal perfect 2mp - and you shall come", "*Nābāl*": "proper noun - Nabal", "*ûšəʾeltem*": "waw conjunctive + qal perfect 2mp - and you shall ask", "*šəmî*": "noun masculine singular + 1cs suffix - my name", "*šālôm*": "noun masculine singular - peace/welfare" }, "variants": { "*nəʿārîm*": "young men/servants/attendants", "*šālôm*": "peace/welfare/health/prosperity" } }
• Job 19:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Job.19.21", "source": "‫חָנֻּ֬נִי חָנֻּ֣נִי אַתֶּ֣ם רֵעָ֑י כִּ֥י יַד־אֱ֝ל֗וֹהַּ נָ֣גְעָה בִּֽי׃‬", "text": "*ḥonnūnî* *ḥonnūnî* *ʾattem* *rēʿāy* *kî* *yad-ʾĕlôah* *nāgəʿāh* *bî*", "grammar": { "*ḥonnūnî*": "qal imperative, masculine plural + 1st person singular suffix - have pity on me (repeated)", "*ʾattem*": "pronoun, 2nd masculine plural - you", "*rēʿāy*": "noun common masculine plural construct + 1st person singular suffix - my friends", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*yad-ʾĕlôah*": "noun common feminine singular construct + noun common masculine singular - hand of God", "*nāgəʿāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - has touched", "*bî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - me" }, "variants": { "*ḥānan*": "to be gracious/have mercy/pity", "*rēaʿ*": "friend/companion/fellow", "*yād*": "hand/power/authority", "*ʾĕlôah*": "God/deity", "*nāgaʿ*": "to touch/strike/reach" } }