Proverbs 27:4

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Proverbs.27.4", "source": "אַכְזְרִיּ֣וּת חֵ֭מָה וְשֶׁ֣טֶף אָ֑ף וּמִ֥י יַ֝עֲמֹד לִפְנֵ֥י קִנְאָֽה׃", "text": "*ʾakzĕrîyût ḥēmāh wĕšeṭep ʾāp ûmî yaʿămōd lipnê qinʾāh*", "grammar": { "*ʾakzĕrîyût*": "feminine singular construct - cruelty of", "*ḥēmāh*": "feminine singular - wrath", "*wĕšeṭep*": "conjunction + masculine singular construct - and flood/overflowing of", "*ʾāp*": "masculine singular - anger/nose", "*ûmî*": "conjunction + interrogative pronoun - but who", "*yaʿămōd*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - will stand", "*lipnê*": "preposition + plural construct - before", "*qinʾāh*": "feminine singular - jealousy/envy" }, "variants": { "*ʾakzĕrîyût*": "cruelty/fierceness/savagery", "*ḥēmāh*": "wrath/fury/rage", "*šeṭep*": "flood/overflow/outburst", "*ʾāp*": "anger/nose/face", "*yaʿămōd*": "stand/endure/withstand", "*qinʾāh*": "jealousy/envy/zeal" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

אַכְזְרִיּ֣וּת חֵ֭מָה וְשֶׁ֣טֶף אָ֑ף וּמִ֥י יַ֝עֲמֹד לִפְנֵ֥י קִנְאָֽה׃

Transliteration

ʾakzĕrîyût ḥēmāh wĕšeṭep ʾāp ûmî yaʿămōd lipnê qinʾāh

Grammar Details

• *ʾakzĕrîyût*: feminine singular construct - cruelty of
• *ḥēmāh*: feminine singular - wrath
• *wĕšeṭep*: conjunction + masculine singular construct - and flood/overflowing of
• *ʾāp*: masculine singular - anger/nose
• *ûmî*: conjunction + interrogative pronoun - but who
• *yaʿămōd*: qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - will stand
• *lipnê*: preposition + plural construct - before
• *qinʾāh*: feminine singular - jealousy/envy

Word Meanings

• *ʾakzĕrîyût*: cruelty/fierceness/savagery
• *ḥēmāh*: wrath/fury/rage
• *šeṭep*: flood/overflow/outburst
• *ʾāp*: anger/nose/face
• *yaʿămōd*: stand/endure/withstand
• *qinʾāh*: jealousy/envy/zeal

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Wrath is cruel and anger is a flood, but who can stand before jealousy?

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Wrath is cruel, and anger is outrageous; but who is able to stand before envy?

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  Wrath is cruel, and anger is outrageous, but who can stand before envy?

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Wrath is cruel, and anger is outrageous; but who is able to stand before envy?

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  Wrath is cruel, and anger is overwhelming; But who is able to stand before jealousy?

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Wrath is cruel, and anger is outrageous; but who is able to stand before envy?

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Wrath is a cruell thige, and furiousnesse is a very tempest: yee who is able to abyde envye?

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Anger is cruell, and wrath is raging: but who can stand before enuie?

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Wrath is a cruell thing, and furiousnesse is a very tempest: but who is able to abide enuie?

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Wrath [is] cruel, and anger [is] outrageous; but who [is] able to stand before envy?

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Wrath is cruel, And anger is overwhelming; But who is able to stand before jealousy?

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  Fury `is' fierce, and anger `is' overflowing, And who standeth before jealousy?

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Wrath is cruel, and anger is overwhelming; But who is able to stand before jealousy?

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Wrath is cruel, and anger is overwhelming; But who is able to stand before jealousy?

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Wrath is cruel, and angry feeling an overflowing stream; but who does not give way before envy?

• World English Bible (2000)

  Wrath is cruel, and anger is overwhelming; but who is able to stand before jealousy?

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Wrath is cruel and anger is overwhelming, but who can stand before jealousy?

Referenced Verses

• Prov 6:34 : 34 { "verseID": "Proverbs.6.34", "source": "כִּֽי־קִנְאָ֥ה חֲמַת־גָּ֑בֶר וְלֹֽא־יַ֝חְמ֗וֹל בְּי֣וֹם נָקָֽם׃", "text": "For-*qinʾāh* *ḥămat*-*gāver* and-not-*yaḥmōl* in-*yôm* *nāqām*", "grammar": { "*qinʾāh*": "noun, feminine singular - jealousy", "*ḥămat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - fury/wrath of", "*gāver*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*yaḥmōl*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will spare/have compassion", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day", "*nāqām*": "noun, masculine singular - vengeance" }, "variants": { "*qinʾāh*": "jealousy/zeal", "*ḥămat*": "fury/wrath/rage", "*yaḥmōl*": "will spare/will have compassion/will pity", "*nāqām*": "vengeance/revenge" } }
• Prov 14:30 : 30 { "verseID": "Proverbs.14.30", "source": "חַיֵּ֣י בְ֭שָׂרִים לֵ֣ב מַרְפֵּ֑א וּרְקַ֖ב עֲצָמ֣וֹת קִנְאָֽה׃", "text": "*ḥayyê* *bəśārîm* *lēb* *marpēʾ* and *rəqab* *ʿăṣāmôt* *qinʾâ*", "grammar": { "*ḥayyê*": "masculine plural construct - life of", "*bəśārîm*": "masculine plural noun - flesh", "*lēb*": "masculine singular noun - heart", "*marpēʾ*": "masculine singular noun - health", "*rəqab*": "masculine singular construct - rottenness of", "*ʿăṣāmôt*": "feminine plural noun - bones", "*qinʾâ*": "feminine singular noun - jealousy" }, "variants": { "*ḥayyê*": "life of/life to/livelihood of", "*bəśārîm*": "flesh/body/physical being", "*lēb*": "heart/mind/inner person", "*marpēʾ*": "health/healing/calmness", "*rəqab*": "rottenness/decay/festering", "*ʿăṣāmôt*": "bones/substance/strength", "*qinʾâ*": "jealousy/envy/zeal" } }
• Acts 7:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Acts.7.9", "source": "Καὶ οἱ πατριάρχαι, ζηλώσαντες, τὸν Ἰωσὴφ ἀπέδοντο εἰς Αἴγυπτον: καὶ ἦν ὁ Θεὸς μετʼ αὐτοῦ,", "text": "And *hoi patriarchai, zēlōsantes, ton Iōsēph apedonto eis Aigypton*: and *ēn ho Theos met' autou*,", "grammar": { "*hoi patriarchai*": "nominative masculine plural - the patriarchs", "*zēlōsantes*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine plural - having been jealous/envious", "*ton Iōsēph*": "accusative masculine singular - Joseph", "*apedonto*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person plural - they sold", "*eis Aigypton*": "preposition + accusative feminine singular - into/to Egypt", "*ēn*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - was", "*ho Theos*": "nominative masculine singular - God", "*met' autou*": "preposition + genitive masculine singular pronoun - with him" }, "variants": { "*zēlōsantes*": "having been jealous/envious/resentful", "*apedonto*": "sold/gave away/disposed of", "*ēn met' autou*": "was with him/accompanied him/supported him" } }
• Jas 3:14-16 : 14 { "verseID": "James.3.14", "source": "Εἰ δὲ ζῆλον πικρὸν ἔχετε καὶ ἐριθείαν ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ ὑμῶν, μὴ κατακαυχᾶσθε, καὶ ψεύδεσθε κατὰ τῆς ἀληθείας.", "text": "If *de* *zēlon* *pikron* you *echete* and *eritheian* in the *kardia* of you, *mē* *katakauchāsthe*, and *pseudesthe* against the *alētheias*.", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*zēlon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - jealousy/zeal", "*pikron*": "accusative, masculine, singular - bitter", "*echete*": "present indicative, active, 2nd plural - you have", "*eritheian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - selfish ambition/rivalry", "*kardia*": "dative, feminine, singular - heart", "*mē*": "negative particle - not", "*katakauchāsthe*": "present imperative, middle, 2nd plural - boast/glory", "*pseudesthe*": "present imperative, middle, 2nd plural - lie/speak falsely", "*alētheias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - truth" }, "variants": { "*zēlon*": "jealousy/zeal/envy", "*pikron*": "bitter/harsh", "*eritheian*": "selfish ambition/rivalry/strife", "*kardia*": "heart/mind/inner self", "*katakauchāsthe*": "boast/glory/pride yourselves", "*pseudesthe*": "lie/speak falsely/deceive", "*alētheias*": "truth/reality" } } 15 { "verseID": "James.3.15", "source": "Οὐκ ἔστιν αὕτη ἡ σοφία ἄνωθεν κατερχομένη, ἀλλʼ ἐπίγειος, ψυχική, δαιμονιώδης.", "text": "Not *estin* this the *sophia* from *anōthen* *katerchomenē*, but *epigeios*, *psychikē*, *daimoniōdēs*.", "grammar": { "*estin*": "present indicative, active, 3rd singular - is", "*sophia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - wisdom", "*anōthen*": "adverb - from above/from the beginning", "*katerchomenē*": "present participle, middle, nominative, feminine, singular - coming down", "*epigeios*": "nominative, feminine, singular - earthly/worldly", "*psychikē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - natural/unspiritual", "*daimoniōdēs*": "nominative, feminine, singular - demonic" }, "variants": { "*sophia*": "wisdom/skill/knowledge", "*anōthen*": "from above/from heaven/from God", "*katerchomenē*": "coming down/descending", "*epigeios*": "earthly/worldly/terrestrial", "*psychikē*": "natural/unspiritual/belonging to the soul", "*daimoniōdēs*": "demonic/devilish/inspired by demons" } } 16 { "verseID": "James.3.16", "source": "Ὅπου γὰρ ζῆλος καὶ ἐριθεία, ἐκεῖ ἀκαταστασία καὶ πᾶν φαῦλον πρᾶγμα.", "text": "Where *gar* *zēlos* and *eritheia*, there *akatastasia* and every *phaulon* *pragma*.", "grammar": { "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for/because", "*zēlos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - jealousy/zeal", "*eritheia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - selfish ambition/rivalry", "*akatastasia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - disorder/confusion", "*phaulon*": "accusative, neuter, singular - worthless/evil", "*pragma*": "nominative, neuter, singular - thing/deed/matter" }, "variants": { "*zēlos*": "jealousy/zeal/envy", "*eritheia*": "selfish ambition/rivalry/strife", "*akatastasia*": "disorder/confusion/instability", "*phaulon*": "worthless/evil/base/vile", "*pragma*": "thing/deed/matter/practice" } }
• Job 5:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Job.5.2", "source": "כִּֽי־לֶֽ֭אֱוִיל יַהֲרָג־כָּ֑עַשׂ וּ֝פֹתֶ֗ה תָּמִ֥ית קִנְאָֽה׃", "text": "*kî*-to-*ʾĕwîl* *yaharāg*-*kāʿaś* *û*-*fōteh* *tāmît* *qināʾh*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾĕwîl*": "noun, masculine singular - fool", "*yaharāg*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it will kill", "*kāʿaś*": "noun, masculine singular - vexation/anger", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*fōteh*": "participle, masculine singular - simple one/seduced one", "*tāmît*": "imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it will kill/slay", "*qināʾh*": "noun, feminine singular - jealousy/envy/zeal" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕwîl*": "fool/foolish one", "*yaharāg*": "kills/slays", "*kāʿaś*": "vexation/anger/grief", "*fōteh*": "simple one/naïve person/one easily persuaded", "*qināʾh*": "jealousy/envy/passion" } }
• Jas 4:5-6 : 5 { "verseID": "James.4.5", "source": "Ἢ δοκεῖτε ὅτι κενῶς ἡ γραφὴ λέγει, Πρὸς φθόνον ἐπιποθεῖ τὸ πνεῦμα ὃ κατῴκησεν ἐν ἡμῖν;", "text": "Or you *dokeite* that *kenōs* the *graphē legei*, Toward *phthonon epipothei* the *pneuma* which *katōkēsen* in us?", "grammar": { "*dokeite*": "present active indicative, 2nd plural - think/suppose", "*kenōs*": "adverb - vainly/emptily", "*graphē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - writing/scripture", "*legei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - says/speaks", "*phthonon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - envy/jealousy", "*epipothei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - longs for/desires earnestly", "*pneuma*": "nominative, neuter, singular - spirit/breath", "*katōkēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - dwelled/settled" }, "variants": { "*dokeite*": "think/suppose/imagine", "*kenōs*": "vainly/emptily/without purpose", "*graphē*": "writing/scripture", "*legei*": "says/speaks/tells", "*phthonon*": "envy/jealousy/grudging", "*epipothei*": "longs for/desires earnestly/yearns", "*pneuma*": "spirit/breath/wind", "*katōkēsen*": "dwelled/settled/took up residence" } } 6 { "verseID": "James.4.6", "source": "Μείζονα δὲ δίδωσιν χάριν. Διὸ λέγει, Ὁ Θεὸς ὑπερηφάνοις ἀντιτάσσεται, ταπεινοῖς δὲ δίδωσιν χάριν.", "text": "*Meizona de didōsin charin*. Therefore it *legei*, The *Theos hyperēphanois antitassetai*, to *tapeinois de didōsin charin*.", "grammar": { "*Meizona*": "accusative, feminine/masculine/neuter, singular, comparative - greater", "*de*": "conjunction - but/and/now", "*didōsin*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - gives/grants", "*charin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - grace/favor", "*legei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - says/speaks", "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*hyperēphanois*": "dative, masculine, plural - proud/arrogant", "*antitassetai*": "present middle indicative, 3rd singular - opposes/resists", "*tapeinois*": "dative, masculine, plural - humble/lowly", "*didōsin*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - gives/grants" }, "variants": { "*Meizona*": "greater/larger/more", "*didōsin*": "gives/grants/bestows", "*charin*": "grace/favor/kindness", "*legei*": "says/speaks/tells", "*hyperēphanois*": "proud/arrogant/haughty", "*antitassetai*": "opposes/resists/sets himself against", "*tapeinois*": "humble/lowly/poor" } }
• 1 John 3:12 : 12 { "verseID": "1 John.3.12", "source": "Οὐ καθὼς Κάϊν, ἐκ τοῦ πονηροῦ ἦν, καὶ ἔσφαξεν τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ. Καὶ χάριν τίνος ἔσφαξεν αὐτόν; Ὅτι τὰ ἔργα αὐτοῦ πονηρὰ ἦν, τὰ δὲ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ αὐτοῦ δίκαια.", "text": "Not as *Kain*, from the *ponērou ēn*, and *esphaxen* the *adelphon* of him. And for what reason *esphaxen* him? Because the *erga* of him *ponēra ēn*, but those of the *adelphou* of him *dikaia*.", "grammar": { "*Kain*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Cain", "*ponērou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - evil one", "*ēn*": "imperfect active, 3rd singular - was", "*esphaxen*": "aorist active, 3rd singular - slew/killed", "*adelphon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - brother", "*erga*": "nominative, neuter, plural - works", "*ponēra*": "adjective, nominative, neuter, plural - evil", "*adelphou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of brother", "*dikaia*": "adjective, nominative, neuter, plural - righteous" }, "variants": { "*ponērou*": "evil one/wicked one/the devil", "*esphaxen*": "slew/killed/slaughtered", "*adelphon*": "brother/fellow believer", "*erga*": "works/deeds/actions", "*ponēra*": "evil/wicked/bad", "*adelphou*": "brother's/fellow believer's", "*dikaia*": "righteous/just/upright" } }
• Gen 26:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Genesis.26.14", "source": "וֽ͏ַיְהִי־ל֤וֹ מִקְנֵה־צֹאן֙ וּמִקְנֵ֣ה בָקָ֔ר וַעֲבֻדָּ֖ה רַבָּ֑ה וַיְקַנְא֥וּ אֹת֖וֹ פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃", "text": "and-*wayəhî*-to-him *miqnēh*-*ṣōʾn* and-*miqnēh* *bāqār* and-*ʿăbuddâ* *rabbâ* and-*wayəqanʾû* *ʾōtô* *pəlištîm*", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "3rd masculine singular Qal imperfect waw-consecutive of היה - and there was", "*miqnēh*": "masculine singular construct - possessions of", "*ṣōʾn*": "collective noun - flocks", "*miqnēh*": "masculine singular construct - possessions of", "*bāqār*": "collective noun - herds/cattle", "*ʿăbuddâ*": "feminine singular noun - household/servants", "*rabbâ*": "feminine singular adjective - many/great", "*wayəqanʾû*": "3rd masculine plural Piel imperfect waw-consecutive of קנא - and they envied", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines" }, "variants": { "*miqnēh*-*ṣōʾn*": "possessions of flocks/flocks of sheep and goats", "*miqnēh* *bāqār*": "possessions of herds/herds of cattle", "*ʿăbuddâ*": "household/servants/slaves/workforce", "*wayəqanʾû*": "and they envied/and they were jealous of/and they resented" } }
• Gen 37:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Genesis.37.11", "source": "וַיְקַנְאוּ־ב֖וֹ אֶחָ֑יו וְאָבִ֖יו שָׁמַ֥ר אֶת־הַדָּבָֽר׃", "text": "And *wə-yəqanʾû*-him his *ʾeḥāyw*; and his *wə-ʾāḇîw* *šāmar* *ʾeṯ*-the *ha-dāḇār*", "grammar": { "*wə-yəqanʾû*": "waw-consecutive with piel imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'and they envied'", "*ʾeḥāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his brothers'", "*wə-ʾāḇîw*": "conjunction with noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'and his father'", "*šāmar*": "verb, perfect 3rd masculine singular - 'kept/observed/remembered'", "*ha-dāḇār*": "definite article with noun, masculine singular - 'the word/matter/thing'" }, "variants": { "*yəqanʾû*": "envied/were jealous of/were zealous against", "*šāmar* *ʾeṯ*-*ha-dāḇār*": "kept the matter/observed the saying/remembered the word" } }
• Acts 17:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Acts.17.5", "source": "¶Ζηλώσαντες δὲ, οἱ ἀπειθοῦντες Ἰουδαῖοι, καὶ προσλαβόμενοι τῶν ἀγοραίων τινὰς ἄνδρας πονηρούς, καὶ ὀχλοποιήσαντες, ἐθορύβουν τὴν πόλιν, ἐπιστάντες τε τῇ οἰκίᾳ Ἰάσονος, ἐζήτουν αὐτοὺς ἀγαγεῖν εἰς τὸν δῆμον.", "text": "*Zēlōsantes* *de*, the *apeithountes* *Ioudaioi*, and *proslabomenoi* of the *agoraiōn* some *andras* *ponērous*, and *ochlopoiēsantes*, they *ethoryboun* the *polin*, *epistantes* *te* to the *oikia* of *Iasonos*, they *ezētoun* them to *agagein* to the *dēmon*.", "grammar": { "*Zēlōsantes*": "aorist active participle, nominative plural masculine - having become jealous", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*apeithountes*": "present active participle, nominative plural masculine - disbelieving/disobeying", "*Ioudaioi*": "nominative plural masculine - Jews", "*proslabomenoi*": "aorist middle participle, nominative plural masculine - having taken to themselves", "*agoraiōn*": "genitive plural masculine - of marketplace men/loiterers", "*andras*": "accusative plural masculine - men", "*ponērous*": "accusative plural masculine - evil/wicked", "*ochlopoiēsantes*": "aorist active participle, nominative plural masculine - having formed a mob", "*ethoryboun*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person plural - they were disturbing", "*polin*": "accusative singular feminine - city", "*epistantes*": "aorist active participle, nominative plural masculine - having come upon", "*te*": "conjunction - and/also", "*oikia*": "dative singular feminine - house", "*Iasonos*": "genitive singular masculine - of Jason", "*ezētoun*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person plural - they were seeking", "*agagein*": "aorist active infinitive - to bring/lead", "*dēmon*": "accusative singular masculine - people/assembly" }, "variants": { "*Zēlōsantes*": "becoming jealous/envious/zealous", "*apeithountes*": "disobeying/disbelieving/refusing to believe", "*proslabomenoi*": "taking to themselves/recruiting/gathering", "*agoraiōn*": "marketplace men/loiterers/rabble", "*ponērous*": "evil/wicked/morally corrupt", "*ochlopoiēsantes*": "forming a mob/gathering a crowd", "*ethoryboun*": "were disturbing/throwing into confusion/causing uproar", "*epistantes*": "coming upon/attacking/standing before", "*ezētoun*": "were seeking/looking for/trying", "*agagein*": "to bring/lead/take", "*dēmon*": "people/assembly/public gathering" } }
• Rom 1:29 : 29 { "verseID": "Romans.1.29", "source": "Πεπληρωμένους πάσῃ ἀδικίᾳ, πορνείᾳ, πονηρίᾳ, πλεονεξίᾳ, κακίᾳ· μεστοὺς φθόνου, φόνου, ἔριδος, δόλου, κακοηθείας· ψιθυριστάς,", "text": "*Peplērōmenous* *pasē* *adikia*, *porneia*, *ponēria*, *pleonexia*, *kakia*· *mestous* *phthonou*, *phonou*, *eridos*, *dolou*, *kakoētheias*· *psithyristas*,", "grammar": { "*Peplērōmenous*": "perfect passive participle, accusative, masculine, plural - having been filled", "*pasē*": "dative, feminine, singular, adjective - all/every kind of", "*adikia*": "dative, feminine, singular - unrighteousness", "*porneia*": "dative, feminine, singular - sexual immorality", "*ponēria*": "dative, feminine, singular - wickedness", "*pleonexia*": "dative, feminine, singular - greed", "*kakia*": "dative, feminine, singular - malice", "*mestous*": "accusative, masculine, plural, adjective - full of", "*phthonou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - envy", "*phonou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - murder", "*eridos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - strife", "*dolou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - deceit", "*kakoētheias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - maliciousness", "*psithyristas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - whisperers/gossips" }, "variants": { "*Peplērōmenous*": "having been filled/completed/fulfilled", "*adikia*": "unrighteousness/injustice/wrongdoing", "*porneia*": "sexual immorality/fornication", "*ponēria*": "wickedness/evil/malice", "*pleonexia*": "greed/covetousness", "*kakia*": "malice/evil/wickedness", "*mestous*": "full of/filled with", "*phthonou*": "envy/jealousy", "*phonou*": "murder/killing", "*eridos*": "strife/contention/quarreling", "*dolou*": "deceit/trickery/guile", "*kakoētheias*": "maliciousness/evil disposition", "*psithyristas*": "whisperers/gossips/secret slanderers" } }
• Song 8:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Song of Songs.8.6", "source": "שִׂימֵ֨נִי כַֽחוֹתָ֜ם עַל־לִבֶּ֗ךָ כַּֽחוֹתָם֙ עַל־זְרוֹעֶ֔ךָ כִּֽי־עַזָּ֤ה כַמָּ֙וֶת֙ אַהֲבָ֔ה קָשָׁ֥ה כִשְׁא֖וֹל קִנְאָ֑ה רְשָׁפֶ֕יהָ רִשְׁפֵּ֕י אֵ֖שׁ שַׁלְהֶ֥בֶתְיָֽה׃", "text": "*śîmēnî* like-the-*ḥôtām* upon-*libbeḵā* like-the-*ḥôtām* upon-*zĕrôʿeḵā* for-*ʿazzâ* like-the-*māwet* *ʾahăbâ* *qāšâ* like-*šĕʾôl* *qinʾâ* *rĕšāpêhā* *rišpê* *ʾēš* *šalhebetyâ*", "grammar": { "*śîmēnî*": "qal imperative masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - place me/set me", "*ḥôtām*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the seal", "*libbeḵā*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your heart", "*ḥôtām*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the seal", "*zĕrôʿeḵā*": "feminine singular noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your arm", "*ʿazzâ*": "adjective feminine singular - strong", "*māwet*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the death", "*ʾahăbâ*": "feminine singular noun - love", "*qāšâ*": "adjective feminine singular - hard/cruel/severe", "*šĕʾôl*": "proper noun - Sheol/grave/underworld", "*qinʾâ*": "feminine singular noun - jealousy", "*rĕšāpêhā*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - its flames", "*rišpê*": "construct masculine plural noun - flames of", "*ʾēš*": "feminine singular noun - fire", "*šalhebetyâ*": "feminine singular noun - flame of Yah/intense flame" }, "variants": { "*ḥôtām*": "seal/signet ring", "*ʿazzâ*": "strong/fierce/intense", "*qāšâ*": "hard/cruel/severe/unyielding", "*šĕʾôl*": "Sheol/grave/underworld/realm of the dead", "*qinʾâ*": "jealousy/zeal/passion", "*rĕšāpêhā*": "its flames/its sparks/its burning coals", "*šalhebetyâ*": "flame of Yah/divine flame/most intense flame" } }
• Matt 27:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Matthew.27.18", "source": "ᾜδει γὰρ ὅτι διὰ φθόνον παρέδωκαν αὐτόν.", "text": "He *ēdei* *gar* that because of *phthonon* they *paredōkan* him.", "grammar": { "*ēdei*": "pluperfect, 3rd singular, active - he knew", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that", "*dia*": "preposition + accusative - because of/through", "*phthonon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - envy/jealousy", "*paredōkan*": "aorist, 3rd plural, active - they delivered/handed over" }, "variants": { "*ēdei*": "knew/was aware", "*dia phthonon*": "because of envy/out of jealousy", "*paredōkan*": "delivered/handed over/betrayed" } }
• Acts 5:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Acts.5.17", "source": "¶Ἀναστὰς δὲ ὁ ἀρχιερεὺς, καὶ πάντες οἱ σὺν αὐτῷ (ἡ οὖσα αἵρεσις τῶν Σαδδουκαίων,) ἐπλήσθησαν ζήλου,", "text": "*Anastas* *de* the *archiereus*, and all those *syn* him (the *ousa* *hairesis* of the *Saddoukaiōn*,) *eplēsthēsan* *zēlou*,", "grammar": { "*Anastas*": "aorist, active, participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having risen up", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*archiereus*": "nominative, masculine, singular - high priest", "*syn*": "preposition + dative - with", "*ousa*": "present, active, participle, nominative, feminine, singular - being", "*hairesis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - sect/party", "*Saddoukaiōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of the Sadducees", "*eplēsthēsan*": "aorist, passive, indicative, 3rd plural - were filled", "*zēlou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - jealousy/zeal" }, "variants": { "*archiereus*": "high priest/chief priest", "*hairesis*": "sect/party/faction", "*eplēsthēsan*": "were filled/were full of/were overcome with", "*zēlou*": "jealousy/zeal/indignation" } }
• Jas 1:19-21 : 19 { "verseID": "James.1.19", "source": "Ὥστε, ἀδελφοί μου ἀγαπητοί, ἔστω πᾶς ἄνθρωπος ταχὺς εἰς τὸ ἀκοῦσαι, βραδὺς εἰς τὸ λαλῆσαι, βραδὺς εἰς ὀργήν:", "text": "So that, *adelphoi* of me *agapētoi*, let *estō* every *anthrōpos* *tachys* to the *akousai*, *bradys* to the *lalēsai*, *bradys* to *orgēn*:", "grammar": { "*adelphoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - direct address", "*agapētoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - adjective modifying *adelphoi*", "*estō*": "present, active, imperative, 3rd person singular - let be", "*anthrōpos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - subject", "*tachys*": "nominative, masculine, singular - adjective", "*akousai*": "aorist, active, infinitive - to hear", "*bradys*": "nominative, masculine, singular - adjective", "*lalēsai*": "aorist, active, infinitive - to speak", "*orgēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - direct object" }, "variants": { "*adelphoi*": "brothers/brethren/fellow believers", "*agapētoi*": "beloved/dear/dearly loved", "*estō*": "let be/must be", "*anthrōpos*": "person/human/man", "*tachys*": "quick/swift/ready", "*akousai*": "to hear/to listen", "*bradys*": "slow/deliberate/hesitant", "*lalēsai*": "to speak/to talk/to say", "*orgēn*": "anger/wrath/rage" } } 20 { "verseID": "James.1.20", "source": "Ὀργὴ γὰρ ἀνδρὸς δικαιοσύνην Θεοῦ οὐ κατεργάζεται.", "text": "*Orgē* for of *andros* *dikaiosynēn* of *Theou* not *katergazetai*.", "grammar": { "*Orgē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - subject", "*andros*": "genitive, masculine, singular - possessive (of man)", "*dikaiosynēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - direct object", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - possessive (of God)", "*katergazetai*": "present, middle, indicative, 3rd person singular - works/produces" }, "variants": { "*Orgē*": "anger/wrath/rage", "*andros*": "man/male/husband", "*dikaiosynēn*": "righteousness/justice/righteous behavior", "*katergazetai*": "produces/achieves/brings about/accomplishes" } } 21 { "verseID": "James.1.21", "source": "Διὸ ἀποθέμενοι πᾶσαν ῥυπαρίαν καὶ περισσείαν κακίας, ἐν πραΰτητι δέξασθε τὸν ἔμφυτον λόγον, τὸν δυνάμενον σῶσαι τὰς ψυχὰς ὑμῶν.", "text": "Therefore having *apothemenoi* all *rhyparian* and *perisseian* of *kakias*, in *prautēti* *dexasthe* the *emphyton logon*, the one being able *sōsai* the *psychas* of you.", "grammar": { "*apothemenoi*": "aorist, middle, participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having put off", "*rhyparian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - direct object", "*perisseian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - direct object", "*kakias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - possessive (of wickedness)", "*prautēti*": "dative, feminine, singular - manner (in meekness)", "*dexasthe*": "aorist, middle, imperative, 2nd person plural - receive", "*emphyton*": "accusative, masculine, singular - adjective modifying *logon*", "*logon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - direct object", "*sōsai*": "aorist, active, infinitive - to save", "*psychas*": "accusative, feminine, plural - direct object" }, "variants": { "*apothemenoi*": "having put off/having stripped off/having laid aside", "*rhyparian*": "filthiness/impurity/moral uncleanness", "*perisseian*": "abundance/overflow/excess", "*kakias*": "evil/wickedness/malice", "*prautēti*": "meekness/gentleness/humility", "*dexasthe*": "receive/accept/welcome", "*emphyton*": "implanted/engrafted/innate", "*logon*": "word/message", "*sōsai*": "to save/to rescue/to deliver", "*psychas*": "souls/lives/selves" } }