15{
"verseID": "Psalms.78.15",
"source": "יְבַקַּ֣ע צֻ֭רִים בַּמִּדְבָּ֑ר וַ֝יַּ֗שְׁקְ כִּתְהֹמ֥וֹת רַבָּֽה׃",
"text": "He *yᵉḇaqqaʿ* *ṣûrîm* in the *bammiḏbār* and he *wayyašq* like *kitᵉhōmôt* *rabbâ*",
"grammar": {
"*yᵉḇaqqaʿ*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he split/broke open",
"*ṣûrîm*": "noun, masculine plural - rocks",
"*bammiḏbār*": "preposition + article + noun, masculine singular - in the wilderness/desert",
"*wayyašq*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he gave drink",
"*kitᵉhōmôt*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural - like depths/deep places",
"*rabbâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - great/many/abundant"
},
"variants": {
"*yᵉḇaqqaʿ*": "split/broke open/cleaved/divided",
"*ṣûrîm*": "rocks/cliffs/rocky places",
"*miḏbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land",
"*wayyašq*": "and he gave drink/caused to drink/watered",
"*tᵉhōmôt*": "depths/deep places/abysses/oceans",
"*rabbâ*": "great/many/abundant/plentiful"
}
}
16{
"verseID": "Psalms.78.16",
"source": "וַיּוֹצִ֣א נוֹזְלִ֣ים מִסָּ֑לַע וַיּ֖וֹרֶד כַּנְּהָר֣וֹת מָֽיִם׃",
"text": "And he *wayyôṣiʾ* *nôzᵉlîm* from *missālaʿ* and he caused to run down *wayyôreḏ* like the *kannᵉhārôt* *māyim*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyôṣiʾ*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he brought out",
"*nôzᵉlîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - flowing streams",
"*missālaʿ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - from rock/cliff",
"*wayyôreḏ*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he caused to run down",
"*kannᵉhārôt*": "preposition + article + noun, masculine plural - like the rivers",
"*māyim*": "noun, masculine plural - waters"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyôṣiʾ*": "and he brought out/caused to come forth/produced",
"*nôzᵉlîm*": "flowing streams/flowing things/floods",
"*sālaʿ*": "rock/cliff/crag",
"*wayyôreḏ*": "and he caused to run down/sent down/made flow",
"*nᵉhārôt*": "rivers/streams/flowing waters"
}
}
17{
"verseID": "Psalms.78.17",
"source": "וַיּוֹסִ֣יפוּ ע֖[d]וֹד לַחֲטֹא־ל֑וֹ לַֽמְר֥וֹת עֶ֝לְי֗וֹן בַּצִּיָּֽה׃",
"text": "And they *wayyôsîp̄û* *ʿôḏ* to sin against-*laḥăṭōʾ*-him to rebel against *lamrôt* *ʿelyôn* in the *baṣṣiyyâ*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyôsîp̄û*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - and they continued/added",
"*ʿôḏ*": "adverb - still/yet/again",
"*laḥăṭōʾ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to sin against",
"*lô*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - against him",
"*lamrôt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to rebel against/provoke",
"*ʿelyôn*": "adjective, masculine singular - Most High",
"*baṣṣiyyâ*": "preposition + article + noun, feminine singular - in the dry/parched region"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyôsîp̄û*": "and they continued/added/increased/did more",
"*laḥăṭōʾ*": "to sin against/offend/miss the mark",
"*lamrôt*": "to rebel against/provoke/be contentious with",
"*ʿelyôn*": "Most High/Highest/Supreme",
"*ṣiyyâ*": "dry region/parched land/desert"
}
}
18{
"verseID": "Psalms.78.18",
"source": "וַיְנַסּוּ־אֵ֥ל בִּלְבָבָ֑ם לִֽשְׁאָל־אֹ֥כֶל לְנַפְשָֽׁם׃",
"text": "And they *wayᵉnassû*-*ʾēl* in their *bilḇāḇām* to ask-*lišʾāl*-*ʾōḵel* for their *lᵉnap̄šām*",
"grammar": {
"*wayᵉnassû*": "waw consecutive + piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - and they tested/tried",
"*ʾēl*": "noun, masculine singular - God",
"*bilḇāḇām*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their heart",
"*lišʾāl*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to ask/request",
"*ʾōḵel*": "noun, masculine singular - food",
"*lᵉnap̄šām*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - for their appetite/desire"
},
"variants": {
"*wayᵉnassû*": "and they tested/tried/put to the test",
"*ʾēl*": "God/mighty one/power",
"*lēḇāḇ*": "heart/mind/inner person",
"*lišʾāl*": "to ask/request/demand",
"*ʾōḵel*": "food/nourishment/provisions",
"*nep̄eš*": "appetite/desire/life/self/person"
}
}