Romans 1:2

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Romans.1.2", "source": "(Ὃ προεπηγγείλατο διὰ τῶν προφητῶν αὐτοῦ ἐν γραφαῖς ἁγίαις,)", "text": "(*Ho* *proepēngeilato* *dia* the *prophētōn* *autou* *en* *graphais* *hagiais*,)", "grammar": { "*Ho*": "accusative, neuter, singular, relative pronoun - which", "*proepēngeilato*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person singular - he promised before", "*dia*": "preposition + genitive - through", "*prophētōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of prophets", "*autou*": "genitive, masculine, singular, possessive pronoun - his", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*graphais*": "dative, feminine, plural - writings/scriptures", "*hagiais*": "dative, feminine, plural, adjective - holy" }, "variants": { "*proepēngeilato*": "promised beforehand/announced previously", "*graphais*": "writings/scriptures" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

(Ὃ προεπηγγείλατο διὰ τῶν προφητῶν αὐτοῦ ἐν γραφαῖς ἁγίαις,)

Transliteration

(Ho proepēngeilato dia the prophētōn autou en graphais hagiais,)

Grammar Details

• *Ho*: accusative, neuter, singular, relative pronoun - which
• *proepēngeilato*: aorist middle indicative, 3rd person singular - he promised before
• *dia*: preposition + genitive - through
• *prophētōn*: genitive, masculine, plural - of prophets
• *autou*: genitive, masculine, singular, possessive pronoun - his
• *en*: preposition + dative - in
• *graphais*: dative, feminine, plural - writings/scriptures
• *hagiais*: dative, feminine, plural, adjective - holy

Word Meanings

• *proepēngeilato*: promised beforehand/announced previously
• *graphais*: writings/scriptures

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  (which He promised beforehand through His prophets in the holy Scriptures)

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  (Which he had pmised afore by his pphets in the holy scriptures,)

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  Which He promised beforehand through His prophets in the holy scriptures,

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Which he had promised afore by his prophets in the holy scriptures,)

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  which he promised afore through his prophets in the holy scriptures,

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  (Which he had promised afore by his prophets in the holy scriptures,)

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  which he promysed afore by his Prophetes in the holy scriptures

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  (which he promysed a fore by his prophetes in ye holy scriptures)

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  (Which he had promised afore by his Prophetes in the holy Scriptures)

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Which he had promised afore by his prophetes in ye holy scriptures

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  (Which he had promised afore by his prophets in the holy scriptures,)

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  which he promised before through his prophets in the holy Scriptures,

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  which He announced before through His prophets in holy writings --

• American Standard Version (1901)

  which he promised afore through his prophets in the holy scriptures,

• American Standard Version (1901)

  which he promised afore through his prophets in the holy scriptures,

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Of which God had given word before by his prophets in the holy Writings,

• World English Bible (2000)

  which he promised before through his prophets in the holy Scriptures,

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  This gospel he promised beforehand through his prophets in the holy scriptures,

Referenced Verses

• Titus 1:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Titus.1.2", "source": "Ἐπʼ ἐλπίδι ζωῆς αἰωνίου, ἣν ἐπηγγείλατο ὁ ἀψευδὴς Θεὸς, πρὸ χρόνων αἰωνίων·", "text": "Upon *elpidi zōēs aiōniou*, which *epēngeilato* the *apseudēs Theos*, before *chronōn aiōniōn*", "grammar": { "*Ep'*": "preposition + dative (elided form) - upon/on the basis of", "*elpidi*": "dative, feminine, singular - hope", "*zōēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of life", "*aiōniou*": "genitive, feminine, singular - eternal/everlasting", "*hēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular, relative pronoun - which", "*epēngeilato*": "aorist, middle, indicative, 3rd person singular - promised", "*ho*": "nominative, masculine, singular article - the", "*apseudēs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - not lying/truthful", "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*pro*": "preposition + genitive - before", "*chronōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of times", "*aiōniōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - eternal/of ages" }, "variants": { "*elpidi*": "hope/expectation", "*zōēs*": "life/existence", "*aiōniou*": "eternal/everlasting/age-lasting", "*epēngeilato*": "promised/announced/declared", "*apseudēs*": "not lying/truthful/cannot lie", "*chronōn aiōniōn*": "eternal times/ages past/times of ages" } }
• Luke 1:70 : 70 { "verseID": "Luke.1.70", "source": "Καθὼς ἐλάλησεν διὰ στόματος τῶν ἁγίων τῶν ἀπʼ αἰῶνος προφητῶν αὐτοῦ:", "text": "As *elalēsen dia stomatos* of the *hagiōn* of the *ap' aiōnos prophētōn* of him:", "grammar": { "*elalēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he/she/it spoke", "*dia*": "preposition with genitive - through", "*stomatos*": "genitive neuter singular - of mouth", "*hagiōn*": "genitive masculine plural - of holy ones", "*ap'*": "preposition with genitive - from", "*aiōnos*": "genitive masculine singular - of age/eternity", "*prophētōn*": "genitive masculine plural - of prophets" }, "variants": { "*elalēsen*": "spoke/said/told", "*dia stomatos*": "through the mouth of/by the mouth of", "*hagiōn*": "holy ones/saints", "*ap' aiōnos*": "from of old/since the beginning of time/from ancient times", "*prophētōn*": "prophets/those who speak for God" } }
• Rom 3:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Romans.3.2", "source": "Πολὺ κατὰ πάντα τρόπον: πρῶτον, μὲν γὰρ ὅτι ἐπιστεύθησαν τὰ λόγια τοῦ Θεοῦ.", "text": "*Poly kata panta tropon*: *prōton men gar hoti episteuthēsan ta logia tou Theou*.", "grammar": { "*Poly*": "adjective, accusative, neuter, singular - much/great", "*kata*": "preposition + accusative - according to", "*panta*": "adjective, accusative, masculine, singular - every/all", "*tropon*": "noun, accusative, masculine, singular - way/manner", "*prōton*": "adverb - firstly/in the first place", "*men*": "particle marking contrast with unstated *de* - indeed/on one hand", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for/because", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that/because", "*episteuthēsan*": "verb, aorist passive, 3rd person plural - they were entrusted with", "*ta logia*": "noun, nominative/accusative, neuter, plural - the oracles/words", "*tou Theou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - of God" }, "variants": { "*Poly*": "much/great/many", "*tropon*": "way/manner/mode/method", "*episteuthēsan*": "were entrusted with/were believed/were trusted with", "*logia*": "oracles/sayings/utterances/divine words" } }
• Rom 3:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Romans.3.21", "source": "Νυνὶ δὲ χωρὶς νόμου δικαιοσύνη Θεοῦ πεφανέρωται, μαρτυρουμένη ὑπὸ τοῦ νόμου καὶ τῶν προφητῶν·", "text": "*Nyni de chōris nomou dikaiosynē Theou pephanerōtai*, *martyroumenē hypo tou nomou kai tōn prophētōn*;", "grammar": { "*Nyni*": "adverb - now", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*chōris*": "preposition + genitive - apart from/without", "*nomou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - of law", "*dikaiosynē*": "noun, nominative, feminine, singular - righteousness", "*Theou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*pephanerōtai*": "verb, perfect passive, 3rd person singular - has been manifested", "*martyroumenē*": "participle, present passive, nominative, feminine, singular - being witnessed/testified to", "*hypo*": "preposition + genitive - by", "*tou nomou*": "article + noun, genitive, masculine, singular - the law", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*tōn prophētōn*": "article + noun, genitive, masculine, plural - the prophets" }, "variants": { "*Nyni*": "now/at this time/at present", "*chōris nomou*": "apart from law/independently of law/without law's requirements", "*dikaiosynē Theou*": "righteousness of God/God's righteousness/divine righteousness", "*pephanerōtai*": "has been manifested/has been revealed/has been made known", "*martyroumenē*": "being witnessed/being attested to/being testified to" } }
• Rom 16:26 : 26 { "verseID": "Romans.16.26", "source": "Φανερωθέντος δὲ νῦν, διά τε γραφῶν προφητικῶν, κατʼ ἐπιταγὴν τοῦ αἰωνίου Θεοῦ, εἰς ὑπακοὴν πίστεως εἰς πάντα τὰ ἔθνη γνωρισθέντος:", "text": "Having-been-*phanerōthentos* *de* now, through both *graphōn* *prophētikōn*, according-to *epitagēn* of-the *aiōniou* *Theou*, for *hypakoēn* of-*pisteōs* to all the *ethnē* having-been-*gnōristhentos*:", "grammar": { "*phanerōthentos*": "aorist participle passive genitive neuter singular - having been revealed/made known", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now", "νῦν": "temporal adverb - now", "διά": "preposition with genitive - through", "τε": "enclitic particle - both/and", "*graphōn*": "genitive feminine plural - writings/scriptures", "*prophētikōn*": "genitive feminine plural - prophetic", "κατʼ": "preposition with accusative - according to", "*epitagēn*": "accusative feminine singular - command/order", "*aiōniou*": "genitive masculine singular - eternal/everlasting", "*Theou*": "genitive masculine singular - God", "εἰς": "preposition with accusative - for/to", "*hypakoēn*": "accusative feminine singular - obedience", "*pisteōs*": "genitive feminine singular - faith/belief", "πάντα": "accusative neuter plural - all", "*ethnē*": "accusative neuter plural - nations/Gentiles", "*gnōristhentos*": "aorist participle passive genitive neuter singular - having been made known" }, "variants": { "*phanerōthentos*": "having been revealed/made known/manifested", "*graphōn*": "writings/scriptures", "*prophētikōn*": "prophetic/of the prophets", "*epitagēn*": "command/order/instruction", "*aiōniou*": "eternal/everlasting", "*Theou*": "God/deity", "*hypakoēn*": "obedience/compliance", "*pisteōs*": "faith/belief/trust", "*ethnē*": "nations/Gentiles/peoples", "*gnōristhentos*": "having been made known/revealed/disclosed" } }
• Acts 26:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Acts.26.6", "source": "Καὶ νῦν ἐπʼ ἐλπίδι τῆς πρὸς τοὺς πατέρας ἐπαγγελίας γενομένης ὑπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἕστηκα κρινόμενος:", "text": "And *nyn* upon *elpidi* of the *pros* the *pateras* *epangelias* *genomenēs* *hypo* the *Theou* I *hestēka* being *krinomenos*:", "grammar": { "*nyn*": "temporal adverb - now", "*elpidi*": "dative, feminine, singular - hope", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - to/toward", "*pateras*": "accusative, masculine, plural - fathers", "*epangelias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - promise", "*genomenēs*": "aorist middle participle, genitive, feminine, singular - having been made", "*hypo*": "preposition + genitive - by", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - God", "*hestēka*": "perfect active, 1st singular - I stand", "*krinomenos*": "present passive participle, nominative, masculine, singular - being judged" }, "variants": { "*elpidi*": "hope/expectation", "*pros*": "to/toward/for", "*pateras*": "fathers/ancestors", "*epangelias*": "promise/pledge", "*genomenēs*": "having been made/having come/having happened", "*hypo*": "by/under", "*hestēka*": "I stand/I am standing/I have taken my stand", "*krinomenos*": "being judged/being tried" } }
• Luke 24:26-27 : 26 { "verseID": "Luke.24.26", "source": "Οὐχὶ ταῦτα ἔδει παθεῖν τὸν Χριστόν, καὶ εἰσελθεῖν εἰς τὴν δόξαν αὐτοῦ;", "text": "*Ouchi* these things *edei pathein* the *Christon*, and *eiselthein eis* the *doxan* of him?", "grammar": { "*Ouchi*": "interrogative particle - not?", "*edei*": "imperfect, 3rd singular - it was necessary", "*pathein*": "aorist infinitive, active - to suffer", "*Christon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Christ/Messiah", "*eiselthein*": "aorist infinitive, active - to enter", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - into", "*doxan*": "accusative, feminine, singular - glory" }, "variants": { "*Ouchi*": "not?/is it not?", "*edei*": "it was necessary/was binding/had to", "*pathein*": "to suffer/experience/endure", "*Christon*": "Christ/Messiah/Anointed One", "*eiselthein*": "to enter/go in", "*doxan*": "glory/splendor/honor" } } 27 { "verseID": "Luke.24.27", "source": "Καὶ ἀρξάμενος ἀπὸ Μωσέως καὶ ἀπὸ πάντων τῶν προφητῶν, διηρμήνευεν αὐτοῖς ἐν πάσαις ταῖς γραφαῖς τὰ περὶ ἑαυτοῦ.", "text": "And *arxamenos apo Mōseōs* and *apo* all the *prophētōn*, *diērmēneuen* to them in all the *graphais* the things *peri* himself.", "grammar": { "*arxamenos*": "aorist participle, middle, nominative, masculine, singular - having begun", "*apo*": "preposition + genitive - from", "*Mōseōs*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Moses", "*prophētōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - prophets", "*diērmēneuen*": "imperfect, 3rd singular, active - he was interpreting/explaining", "*graphais*": "dative, feminine, plural - scriptures/writings", "*peri*": "preposition + genitive - concerning/about" }, "variants": { "*arxamenos*": "having begun/starting/commencing", "*diērmēneuen*": "was interpreting/explaining/expounding", "*graphais*": "scriptures/writings", "*peri*": "concerning/about/with reference to" } }
• Acts 10:43 : 43 { "verseID": "Acts.10.43", "source": "Τούτῳ πάντες οἱ προφῆται μαρτυροῦσιν, ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν λαβεῖν διὰ τοῦ ὀνόματος αὐτοῦ πάντα τὸν πιστεύοντα εἰς αὐτόν.", "text": "To-this-one all the *prophētai martyrousin*, *aphesin hamartiōn labein* through the *onomatos* of-him all the *pisteuonta* into him.", "grammar": { "*prophētai*": "nominative, masculine, plural - prophets", "*martyrousin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person plural - they testify/bear witness", "*aphesin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - forgiveness/remission", "*hamartiōn*": "genitive, feminine, plural - of sins", "*labein*": "aorist active infinitive - to receive/take", "*onomatos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of name", "*pisteuonta*": "present active participle, accusative, masculine, singular - believing one" }, "variants": { "*prophētai*": "prophets/those who foretell", "*martyrousin*": "testify/bear witness/affirm", "*aphesin*": "forgiveness/remission/pardon/release", "*hamartiōn*": "sins/offenses/misdeeds", "*labein*": "to receive/take/obtain/get", "*onomatos*": "name/title/person", "*pisteuonta*": "believing/trusting/having faith in" } }