Exodus 14:28

KJV1611 – Modern English

And the waters returned, and covered the chariots, and the horsemen, and all the host of Pharaoh that came into the sea after them; not so much as one of them remained.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיָּשֻׁ֣בוּ הַמַּ֗יִם וַיְכַסּ֤וּ אֶת־הָרֶ֙כֶב֙ וְאֶת־הַפָּ֣רָשִׁ֔ים לְכֹל֙ חֵ֣יל פַּרְעֹ֔ה הַבָּאִ֥ים אַחֲרֵיהֶ֖ם בַּיָּ֑ם לֹֽא־נִשְׁאַ֥ר בָּהֶ֖ם עַד־אֶחָֽד

Transliteration

wa-yyāšuḇû ha-mmayim wa-yəḵassû ʾeṯ-hā-reḵeḇ wə-ʾeṯ-ha-ppārāšîm lə-ḵōl ḥêl Parʿōh ha-bbāʾîm ʾaḥărêhem ba-yyām lōʾ-nišʾar bāhem ʿad-ʾeḥād

Grammar Details

• *wa-yyāšuḇû*: conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they returned
• *ha-mmayim*: article + noun, masculine plural - the waters
• *wa-yəḵassû*: conjunction + Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they covered
• *ʾeṯ*: direct object marker
• *hā-reḵeḇ*: article + noun, masculine singular - the chariots
• *wə-ʾeṯ*: conjunction + direct object marker
• *ha-ppārāšîm*: article + noun, masculine plural - the horsemen
• *lə-ḵōl*: preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - for all
• *ḥêl*: noun, masculine singular construct - army of
• *Parʿōh*: proper noun - Pharaoh
• *ha-bbāʾîm*: article + Qal participle, masculine plural - the ones coming
• *ʾaḥărêhem*: preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - after them
• *ba-yyām*: preposition + article + noun, masculine singular - in the sea
• *lōʾ*: negative particle - not
• *nišʾar*: Niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - remained
• *bāhem*: preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - among them
• *ʿad*: preposition - even
• *ʾeḥād*: numeral, masculine singular - one

Word Meanings

• *wa-yyāšuḇû*: and they returned/and they came back
• *wa-yəḵassû*: and they covered/and they overwhelmed
• *hā-reḵeḇ*: the chariots/the chariotry
• *ha-bbāʾîm*: who came/who had come/who were coming
• *lōʾ-nišʾar*: there remained not/there was not left
• *ʿad-ʾeḥād*: even one/so much as one

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  The waters flowed back and covered the chariots and horsemen—the entire army of Pharaoh that had chased the Israelites into the sea. Not one of them survived.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And the waters returned, and covered the chariots, and the horsemen, and all the host of Pharaoh that came into the sea after them; there remained not so much as one of them.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And the waters{H4325} returned,{H7725} and covered{H3680} the chariots,{H7393} and the horsemen,{H6571} even all the host{H2428} of Pharaoh{H6547} that went{H935} in after{H310} them into the sea;{H3220} there remained{H7604} not so much as{H5704} one{H259} of them.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And the waters{H4325} returned{H7725}{(H8799)}, and covered{H3680}{(H8762)} the chariots{H7393}, and the horsemen{H6571}, and all the host{H2428} of Pharaoh{H6547} that came{H935}{(H8802)} into the sea{H3220} after{H310} them; there remained{H7604}{(H8738)} not so much as{H5704} one{H259} of them.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  ad the water returned and couered the charettes and the houseme: so that of all the hoste of Pharao that came in to the see after them, there remayned not one.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  so that the water came agayne, and couered ye charettes and horsmen, and all Pharaos power which folowed after them in to the see, so that there remayned not one of them.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  So the water returned & couered the charets and the horsemen, euen all the hoste of Pharaoh that came into the sea after them: there remained not one of them.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And the water returned, and couered the charettes, and the horsemen, and all the hoast of Pharao that came into the sea after them, so that there remayned not one of them.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And the waters returned, and covered the chariots, and the horsemen, [and] all the host of Pharaoh that came into the sea after them; there remained not so much as one of them.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  The waters returned, and covered the chariots and the horsemen, even all Pharaoh's army that went in after them into the sea. There remained not so much as one of them.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and the waters turn back, and cover the chariots and the horsemen, even all the force of Pharaoh, who are coming in after them into the sea -- there hath not been left of them even one.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And the waters returned, and covered the chariots, and the horsemen, even all the host of Pharaoh that went in after them into the sea; there remained not so much as one of them.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And the waters returned, and covered the chariots, and the horsemen, even all the host of Pharaoh that went in after them into the sea; there remained not so much as one of them.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And the waters came back, covering the war-carriages and the horsemen and all the army of Pharaoh which went after them into the middle of the sea; not one of them was to be seen.

• World English Bible (2000)

  The waters returned, and covered the chariots and the horsemen, even all Pharaoh's army that went in after them into the sea. There remained not so much as one of them.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  The water returned and covered the chariots and the horsemen and all the army of Pharaoh that was coming after the Israelites into the sea– not so much as one of them survived!

Referenced Verses

• Ps 78:53 : 53 And he led them on safely, so that they did not fear: but the sea overwhelmed their enemies.
• Hab 3:8-9 : 8 Was the LORD displeased against the rivers? Was Your anger against the rivers? Was Your wrath against the sea, that You rode upon Your horses and Your chariots of salvation? 9 Your bow was made bare, according to the oaths of the tribes, Your word. Selah. You cleaved the earth with rivers. 10 The mountains saw You and trembled; the overflowing of the water passed by. The deep uttered its voice and lifted up its hands on high.
• Hab 3:13 : 13 You went forth for the salvation of Your people, for salvation with Your anointed. You wounded the head from the house of the wicked, by laying bare the foundation to the neck. Selah.
• Heb 11:29 : 29 By faith they passed through the Red Sea as by dry land, whereas the Egyptians attempting to do so, were drowned.
• Ps 106:9-9 : 9 He rebuked the Red Sea also, and it was dried up; so he led them through the depths, as through the wilderness. 10 And he saved them from the hand of him that hated them, and redeemed them from the hand of the enemy. 11 And the waters covered their enemies; there was not one of them left.
• Ps 136:15 : 15 But overthrew Pharaoh and his host in the Red Sea: for his mercy endures forever.
• Exod 14:13 : 13 And Moses said to the people, Do not fear, stand still, and see the salvation of the LORD, which he will show to you today: for the Egyptians whom you have seen today, you shall see them again no more forever.
• Exod 15:10 : 10 You blew with your wind, the sea covered them: they sank like lead in the mighty waters.
• Deut 11:4 : 4 And what He did to the army of Egypt, to their horses, and to their chariots; how He made the water of the Red Sea to overflow them as they pursued after you, and how the LORD has destroyed them to this day;
• 2 Chr 20:24 : 24 So when Judah came to a place overlooking the wilderness, they looked toward the multitude; and behold, they were dead bodies fallen on the earth; no one had escaped.
• Neh 9:11 : 11 You divided the sea before them, so that they went through the midst of the sea on the dry land; and You threw their pursuers into the depths, as a stone into the mighty waters.