Verse 1

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.8.1", "source": "וַיְהִ֕י כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר זָקֵ֖ן שְׁמוּאֵ֑ל וַיָּ֧שֶׂם אֶת־בָּנָ֛יו שֹׁפְטִ֖ים לְיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "And *wayəhî* when *zāqēn* *šəmûʾēl*, and *wayyāśem* *ʾet*-*bānāyw* *šōp̄əṭîm* for-*yiśrāʾēl*.", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "waw-consecutive + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it came to pass/happened", "*zāqēn*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - became old/aged", "*šəmûʾēl*": "noun, proper name, masculine singular - Samuel", "*wayyāśem*": "waw-consecutive + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he set/appointed", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bānāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his sons", "*šōp̄əṭîm*": "noun, masculine plural - judges", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "noun, proper name - Israel" }, "variants": { "*wayəhî*": "and it came to pass/became/happened", "*zāqēn*": "grew old/aged/became elderly", "*wayyāśem*": "appointed/established/placed/made", "*šōp̄əṭîm*": "judges/those who judge" } }

Other Translations

Referenced Verses

  • Deut 16:18-19 : 18 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.16.18", "source": "שֹׁפְטִ֣ים וְשֹֽׁטְרִ֗ים תִּֽתֶּן־לְךָ֙ בְּכָל־שְׁעָרֶ֔יךָ אֲשֶׁ֨ר יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֶ֛יךָ נֹתֵ֥ן לְךָ֖ לִשְׁבָטֶ֑יךָ וְשָׁפְט֥וּ אֶת־הָעָ֖ם מִשְׁפַּט־צֶֽדֶק׃", "text": "*šōpəṭîm* *wəšōṭərîm* *titten*-*ləkā* *bəkol*-*šəʿāreykā* *ʾăšer* *YHWH* *ʾělōheykā* *nōtēn* *ləkā* *lišbāṭeykā* *wəšāpəṭû* *ʾet*-*hāʿām* *mišpaṭ*-*ṣedeq*", "grammar": { "*šōpəṭîm*": "masculine plural noun - judges", "*wəšōṭərîm*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun - and officers", "*titten*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you shall appoint (lit: give)", "*ləkā*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - for yourself", "*bəkol*": "preposition + construct - in all of", "*šəʿāreykā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your gates/towns", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾělōheykā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*nōtēn*": "qal participle masculine singular - giving", "*ləkā*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - to you", "*lišbāṭeykā*": "preposition + masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - for your tribes", "*wəšāpəṭû*": "conjunction + qal perfect 3rd common plural - and they shall judge", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*hāʿām*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the people", "*mišpaṭ*": "masculine singular construct - judgment of", "*ṣedeq*": "masculine singular noun - righteousness" }, "variants": { "*šōpəṭîm*": "judges/those who judge", "*šōṭərîm*": "officers/officials/scribes", "*šəʿāreykā*": "your gates/towns/settlements", "*šbāṭîm*": "tribes/rods/staffs", "*mišpaṭ*-*ṣedeq*": "righteous judgment/just verdict" } } 19 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.16.19", "source": "לֹא־תַטֶּ֣ה מִשְׁפָּ֔ט לֹ֥א תַכִּ֖יר פָּנִ֑ים וְלֹא־תִקַּ֣ח שֹׁ֔חַד כִּ֣י הַשֹּׁ֗חַד יְעַוֵּר֙ עֵינֵ֣י חֲכָמִ֔ים וִֽיסַלֵּ֖ף דִּבְרֵ֥י צַדִּיקִֽם׃", "text": "*lōʾ*-*taṭṭeh* *mišpāṭ* *lōʾ* *takkîr* *pānîm* *wəlōʾ*-*tiqqaḥ* *šōḥad* *kî* *haššōḥad* *yəʿawwēr* *ʿênê* *ḥăkāmîm* *wîsallēp* *dibrê* *ṣaddîqim*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*-*taṭṭeh*": "negation + hiphil imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you shall not pervert", "*mišpāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - justice/judgment", "*lōʾ*": "negation - not", "*takkîr*": "hiphil imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you shall recognize/show partiality", "*pānîm*": "masculine plural noun - faces", "*wəlōʾ*-*tiqqaḥ*": "conjunction + negation + qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - and you shall not take", "*šōḥad*": "masculine singular noun - bribe", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*haššōḥad*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the bribe", "*yəʿawwēr*": "piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular - blinds", "*ʿênê*": "feminine dual construct - eyes of", "*ḥăkāmîm*": "masculine plural adjective - wise (ones)", "*wîsallēp*": "conjunction + piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and perverts", "*dibrê*": "masculine plural construct - words of", "*ṣaddîqim*": "masculine plural adjective - righteous (ones)" }, "variants": { "*taṭṭeh* *mišpāṭ*": "pervert justice/twist judgment", "*takkîr* *pānîm*": "recognize faces/show partiality/be partial", "*šōḥad*": "bribe/gift (for perversion of justice)", "*yəʿawwēr*": "blinds/makes blind", "*sallēp*": "perverts/twists/distorts", "*dibrê*": "words/statements/matters", "*ṣaddîqim*": "righteous ones/just ones" } }
  • 1 Tim 5:21 : 21 { "verseID": "1 Timothy.5.21", "source": "Διαμαρτύρομαι ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, καὶ τῶν ἐκλεκτῶν ἀγγέλων, ἵνα ταῦτα φυλάξῃς χωρὶς προκρίματος, μηδὲν ποιῶν κατὰ πρόσκλισιν.", "text": "*Diamartyromai* *enōpion* *tou* *Theou*, *kai* *Kyriou* *Iēsou* *Christou*, *kai* *tōn* *eklektōn* *angelōn*, *hina* *tauta* *phylaxēs* *chōris* *prokrimatos*, *mēden* *poiōn* *kata* *prosklisin*.", "grammar": { "*Diamartyromai*": "present middle indicative, 1st person singular - I solemnly charge", "*enōpion*": "preposition with genitive - before/in the presence of", "*tou*": "genitive, masculine, singular article - the", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - God", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*Kyriou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Lord", "*Iēsou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Jesus", "*Christou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Christ", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*tōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural article - the", "*eklektōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - chosen/elect", "*angelōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - angels/messengers", "*hina*": "conjunction introducing purpose clause - that", "*tauta*": "accusative, neuter, plural - these things", "*phylaxēs*": "aorist active subjunctive, 2nd person singular - you may keep/observe", "*chōris*": "preposition with genitive - without", "*prokrimatos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - prejudice/prejudgment", "*mēden*": "accusative, neuter, singular - nothing", "*poiōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - doing", "*kata*": "preposition with accusative - according to", "*prosklisin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - partiality/favoritism" }, "variants": { "*Diamartyromai*": "solemnly charge/testify earnestly", "*eklektōn*": "chosen/elect/selected", "*phylaxēs*": "keep/observe/maintain/follow", "*prokrimatos*": "prejudice/prejudgment/bias", "*prosklisin*": "partiality/favoritism/bias" } }
  • Judg 5:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Judges.5.10", "source": "רֹכְבֵי֩ אֲתֹנ֨וֹת צְחֹר֜וֹת יֹשְׁבֵ֧י עַל־מִדִּ֛ין וְהֹלְכֵ֥י עַל־דֶּ֖רֶךְ שִֽׂיחוּ׃", "text": "Riders-of donkeys white, sitters on-*middin*, and-walkers on-way, *siach*", "grammar": { "רֹכְבֵי֩": "Qal participle, masculine plural construct - riders of", "אֲתֹנ֨וֹת": "noun, feminine plural - female donkeys", "צְחֹר֜וֹת": "adjective, feminine plural - white/shining", "יֹשְׁבֵ֧י": "Qal participle, masculine plural construct - sitters/dwellers of", "עַל־מִדִּ֛ין": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - on carpet/garment/judgment", "וְהֹלְכֵ֥י": "waw conjunction + Qal participle, masculine plural construct - and walkers of", "עַל־דֶּ֖רֶךְ": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - on way/road", "*siach*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - speak!/meditate!" }, "variants": { "*middin*": "carpet/rich garment/seat of judgment", "*siach*": "speak/meditate/consider/declare" } }
  • Judg 8:22-23 : 22 { "verseID": "Judges.8.22", "source": "וַיֹּאמְר֤וּ אִֽישׁ־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֶל־גִּדְע֔וֹן מְשָׁל־בָּ֙נוּ֙ גַּם־אַתָּ֔ה גַּם־בִּנְךָ֖ גַּ֣ם בֶּן־בְּנֶ֑ךָ כִּ֥י הוֹשַׁעְתָּ֖נוּ מִיַּ֥ד מִדְיָֽן׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmərû* [said] *ʾîš*-*yiśrāʾēl* [men of Israel] *ʾel*-*gidʿôn* [to Gideon], *məšāl*-*bānû* [rule over us], *gam*-*ʾattāh* [also you], *gam*-*binkā* [also your son], *gam* *ben*-*bənekā* [also son of your son], *kî* [because] *hôšaʿtānû* [you have saved us] *miyyad* [from the hand of] *midyān* [Midian].", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmərû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural of *ʾāmar* - and said", "*ʾîš*-*yiśrāʾēl*": "construct form - men of Israel", "*ʾel*-*gidʿôn*": "preposition + proper noun - to Gideon", "*məšāl*": "qal imperative, masculine singular of *māšal* - rule", "*bānû*": "preposition *bə* + 1st common plural suffix - over us", "*gam*": "adverb - also/even", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd masculine singular pronoun - you", "*binkā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your son", "*ben*-*bənekā*": "construct + noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - son of your son", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*hôšaʿtānû*": "hiphil perfect, 2nd masculine singular of *yāšaʿ* with 1st common plural suffix - you have saved us", "*miyyad*": "preposition *min* + noun, feminine singular construct - from the hand of", "*midyān*": "proper noun - Midian" }, "variants": { "*māšal*": "rule/have dominion/reign", "*yad*": "hand/power/control" } } 23 { "verseID": "Judges.8.23", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֲלֵהֶם֙ גִּדְע֔וֹן לֹֽא־אֶמְשֹׁ֤ל אֲנִי֙ בָּכֶ֔ם וְלֹֽא־יִמְשֹׁ֥ל בְּנִ֖י בָּכֶ֑ם יְהוָ֖ה יִמְשֹׁ֥ל בָּכֶֽם׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* [said] *ʾălêhem* [to them] *gidʿôn* [Gideon], *lōʾ*-*ʾemšōl* [I will not rule] *ʾănî* [I] *bākem* [over you], and *wəlōʾ*-*yimšōl* [will not rule] *bənî* [my son] *bākem* [over you]; *YHWH* [YHWH] *yimšōl* [will rule] *bākem* [over you].", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of *ʾāmar* - and said", "*ʾălêhem*": "preposition *ʾel* + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them", "*gidʿôn*": "proper noun - Gideon", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾemšōl*": "qal imperfect, 1st person singular of *māšal* - I will rule", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*bākem*": "preposition *bə* + 2nd masculine plural suffix - over you", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*yimšōl*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of *māšal* - will rule", "*bənî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my son", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD/Yahweh", "*yimšōl*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of *māšal* - will rule" }, "variants": { "*māšal*": "rule/reign/have dominion" } }
  • Judg 10:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Judges.10.4", "source": "וַֽיְהִי־ל֞וֹ שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים בָּנִ֗ים רֹֽכְבִים֙ עַל־שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים עֲיָרִ֔ים וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים עֲיָרִ֖ים לָהֶ֑ם לָהֶ֞ם יִקְרְא֣וּ ׀ חַוֺּ֣ת יָאִ֗יר עַ֚ד הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּאֶ֥רֶץ הַגִּלְעָֽד", "text": "*wə-yəhî*-to-him thirty *bānîm* *rōḵəḇîm* on-thirty *ʿăyārîm* and-thirty *ʿăyārîm* to-them to-them *yiqrəʾû* *ḥawwōṯ* *yāʾîr* until *ha-yôm* *ha-zeh* which in-*ʾereṣ* *ha-gilʿāḏ*", "grammar": { "*wə-yəhî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and there was/became", "*bānîm*": "noun, masculine plural - sons", "*rōḵəḇîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - riding", "*ʿăyārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - male donkeys/colts/towns", "*yiqrəʾû*": "qal imperfect 3mp - they call/name", "*ḥawwōṯ*": "noun, feminine plural construct - tent-villages of", "*yāʾîr*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jair", "*ha-yôm*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the day", "*ha-zeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - this", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*ha-gilʿāḏ*": "definite article + proper noun - the Gilead" }, "variants": { "*ʿăyārîm*": "donkeys/towns (wordplay with dual meaning)", "*yiqrəʾû*": "they call/they name/they are called", "*ḥawwōṯ*": "settlements/tent-villages/towns" } }
  • Judg 12:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Judges.12.14", "source": "וַיְהִי־ל֞וֹ אַרְבָּעִ֣ים בָּנִ֗ים וּשְׁלֹשִׁים֙ בְּנֵ֣י בָנִ֔ים רֹכְבִ֖ים עַל־שִׁבְעִ֣ים עֲיָרִ֑ם וַיִּשְׁפֹּ֥ט אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל שְׁמֹנֶ֥ה שָׁנִֽים", "text": "And *wayəhî*-to-him forty *bānîm* and-thirty *bənê* *ḇānîm* *rōḵəḇîm* on-seventy *ʿăyārîm* and *wayyišpōṭ* *ʾeṯ*-*yiśrāʾēl* eight *šānîm*", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and there was/and he had", "*bānîm*": "masculine plural noun - sons", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*ḇānîm*": "masculine plural noun - sons", "*rōḵəḇîm*": "Qal participle masculine plural - riding", "*ʿăyārîm*": "masculine plural noun - donkeys/colts", "*wayyišpōṭ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he judged", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*šānîm*": "feminine plural noun - years" }, "variants": { "*rōḵəḇîm*": "riding/mounted on", "*ʿăyārîm*": "donkeys/colts/young male donkeys (sign of wealth and status)", "*wayyišpōṭ*": "judged/governed/led/delivered" } }
  • 2 Chr 19:5-6 : 5 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.19.5", "source": "וַיַּעֲמֵ֨ד שֹֽׁפְטִ֜ים בָּאָ֗רֶץ בְּכָל־עָרֵ֧י יְהוּדָ֛ה הַבְּצֻר֖וֹת לְעִ֥יר וָעִֽיר׃", "text": "And *wayyaʿămēḏ* *šōp̄əṭîm* in-the-*ʾāreṣ* in-all-cities-of *yəhûḏāh* the-*bəṣurôṯ* for-*ʿîr* and-*ʿîr*", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿămēḏ*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he appointed/set up", "*šōp̄əṭîm*": "noun, masculine plural - judges", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the land", "*yəhûḏāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*bəṣurôṯ*": "feminine plural adjective with definite article - the fortified", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular - city", "בָּ־": "preposition + definite article - in the", "בְּכָל־": "preposition + noun - in all", "לְ־": "preposition - for", "וָ־": "conjunction - and" }, "variants": { "*wayyaʿămēḏ*": "appointed/set up/established", "*šōp̄əṭîm*": "judges/magistrates", "*bəṣurôṯ*": "fortified/walled/strengthened", "*ʿîr* and-*ʿîr*": "city by city/each city/every city" } } 6 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.19.6", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶל־הַשֹּֽׁפְטִ֗ים רְאוּ֙ מָֽה־אַתֶּ֣ם עֹשִׂ֔ים כִּ֣י לֹ֧א לְאָדָ֛ם תִּשְׁפְּט֖וּ כִּ֣י לַיהוָ֑ה וְעִמָּכֶ֖ם בִּדְבַ֥ר מִשְׁפָּֽט׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* to-the-*šōp̄əṭîm* *rəʾû* what-you *ʿōśîm* for not for-*ʾāḏām* *tišpəṭû* but for-*YHWH* and-with-you in-*dəḇar* *mišpāṭ*", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*šōp̄əṭîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the judges", "*rəʾû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - see/consider", "*ʿōśîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - doing", "*ʾāḏām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/mankind", "*tišpəṭû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you judge", "*dəḇar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - word/matter of", "*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - judgment", "אֶל־": "preposition - to", "מָֽה־": "interrogative pronoun - what", "כִּ֣י": "conjunction - for/because", "לֹ֧א": "negative particle - not", "לְ־": "preposition - for", "וְ־": "conjunction - and", "בִּ־": "preposition - in" }, "variants": { "*rəʾû*": "see/watch/consider/take note", "*tišpəṭû*": "you judge/you decide/you govern", "*dəḇar* *mišpāṭ*": "matter of judgment/case of justice/legal matter" } }
  • Neh 7:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.7.2", "source": "וָאֲצַוֶּ֞ה אֶת־חֲנָ֣נִי אָחִ֗י וְאֶת־חֲנַנְיָ֛ה שַׂ֥ר הַבִּירָ֖ה עַל־יְרוּשָׁלָ֑͏ִם כִּי־הוּא֙ כְּאִ֣ישׁ אֱמֶ֔ת וְיָרֵ֥א אֶת־הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים מֵרַבִּֽים", "text": "And *wā-ʾăṣawweh* *ʾet*-*ḥănānî* *ʾāḥî* and *ʾet*-*ḥănanyâ* *śar* the *bîrâ* over-*yərûšālāim*, for-*hûʾ* as-*ʾîš* *ʾĕmet*, and *yārēʾ* *ʾet*-the *ʾĕlōhîm* *mē-rabbîm*", "grammar": { "*wā-ʾăṣawweh*": "conjunction + piel imperfect 1st singular - and I commanded/appointed", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ḥănānî*": "proper noun - Hanani", "*ʾāḥî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st singular possessive suffix - my brother", "*ḥănanyâ*": "proper noun - Hananiah", "*śar*": "masculine singular construct - officer/commander of", "*bîrâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the fortress/palace/capital", "*yərûšālāim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*hûʾ*": "3rd masculine singular pronoun - he", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - man", "*ʾĕmet*": "feminine singular noun - truth/faithfulness", "*yārēʾ*": "qal participle masculine singular - fearing", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - God/gods", "*mē-rabbîm*": "preposition + masculine plural adjective - more than many" }, "variants": { "*wā-ʾăṣawweh*": "and I commanded/and I appointed/and I put in charge", "*ʾāḥî*": "my brother/my kinsman", "*śar*": "commander/officer/chief of", "*bîrâ*": "fortress/palace/citadel/temple complex", "*ʾîš ʾĕmet*": "man of truth/faithful man/trustworthy person", "*yārēʾ ʾet-hāʾĕlōhîm*": "fearing God/God-fearing/reverent toward God", "*mē-rabbîm*": "more than many/above many others/more than most" } }