Verse 4

{ "verseID": "Hebrews.11.4", "source": "Πίστει πλείονα θυσίαν Ἄβελ παρὰ Κάϊν προσήνεγκεν τῷ Θεῷ, διʼ ἧς ἐμαρτυρήθη εἶναι δίκαιος, μαρτυροῦντος ἐπὶ τοῖς δώροις αὐτοῦ τοῦ Θεοῦ: καὶ διʼ αὐτῆς ἀποθανὼν ἔτι λαλεῖ.", "text": "By *pistei* *pleiona* *thysian* *Abel* *para* *Kain* *prosēnegken* to the *Theō*, through *hēs* he *emartyrēthē* *einai* *dikaios*, *martyrountos* *epi* the *dōrois* of him the *Theou*: and through *autēs* having *apothanōn* *eti* *lalei*.", "grammar": { "*pistei*": "dative, feminine, singular - by faith", "*pleiona*": "comparative adjective, accusative, feminine, singular - greater/more excellent", "*thysian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - sacrifice/offering", "*para*": "preposition + accusative - than/compared to", "*prosēnegken*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - offered/brought", "*Theō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to God", "*hēs*": "relative pronoun, genitive, feminine, singular - by which", "*emartyrēthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular - was testified about/commended", "*einai*": "present infinitive - to be", "*dikaios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - righteous/just", "*martyrountos*": "present active participle, genitive, masculine, singular - bearing witness/testifying", "*epi*": "preposition + dative - about/concerning", "*dōrois*": "dative, neuter, plural - gifts/offerings", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*autēs*": "personal pronoun, genitive, feminine, singular - it/this", "*apothanōn*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having died", "*eti*": "adverb - still/yet", "*lalei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - speaks" }, "variants": { "*pleiona*": "greater/more excellent/more abundant", "*thysian*": "sacrifice/offering", "*para*": "than/in comparison to/beyond", "*emartyrēthē*": "was testified about/commended/attested", "*dikaios*": "righteous/just/upright", "*martyrountos*": "bearing witness/testifying/affirming", "*dōrois*": "gifts/offerings/presents", "*apothanōn*": "having died/passed away", "*lalei*": "speaks/talks/communicates" } }

Other Translations

• Bibeloversettelse fra KJV1611 og Textus Receptus

  Ved tro brakte Abel et mer verdifullt offer til Gud enn Kain, og fikk vitnesbyrd om at han var rettferdig, Gud som vitnet om hans gaver: og ved det er han, selv om han er død, fortsatt talende.

• NT, oversatt fra gresk

  Ved tro ofret Abel et bedre offer til Gud enn Kain; gjennom troen ble han kjent som rettferdig, og selv om han døde, taler han fortsatt.

• Norsk King James

  Ved troen tilbød Abel Gud et bedre offer enn Kain, ved hvilket han fikk vitnesbyrd om at han var rettferdig; Gud vitnet om hans gaver, og ved dette taler han fortsatt, selv om han er død.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  I tro ga Abel Gud et bedre offer enn Kain, og på grunn av sin tro fikk han vitnesbyrd om at han var rettferdig; Gud godtok hans gaver, og ved troen taler han fortsatt, selv om han er død.

• KJV/Textus Receptus til norsk

  Ved tro ofret Abel til Gud et mer utmerket offer enn Kain, ved hvilket han fikk vitnesbyrd om at han var rettferdig, Gud som vitnet om sine gaver: og ved den taler han enda, selv om han er død.

• Den norske oversettelsen av Det Nye Testamente

  Ved tro bar Abel frem et bedre offer for Gud enn Kain, ved det fikk han vitnesbyrd om at han var rettferdig, Gud selv vitnet om hans gaver; og gjennom troen taler han ennå, selv om han er død.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Ved tro bar Abel fram for Gud et bedre offer enn Kain, og ved det fikk han vitnesbyrd om at han var rettferdig, Gud vitnet om hans gaver; og gjennom det taler han ennå, selv om han er død.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Ved tro ofret Abel til Gud et overlegent offer enn Kain, noe som gav bevis for hans rettferdighet, med Gud som vitnet om hans gaver; og selv om han er død, taler han fortsatt gjennom sin tro.

• gpt4.5-preview

  Ved tro brakte Abel Gud et bedre offer enn Kain. Ved dette fikk han det vitnesbyrd at han var rettferdig; Gud vitnet selv om gavene hans, og ved dette taler han fortsatt, selv om han er død.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Ved tro brakte Abel Gud et bedre offer enn Kain. Ved dette fikk han det vitnesbyrd at han var rettferdig; Gud vitnet selv om gavene hans, og ved dette taler han fortsatt, selv om han er død.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Ved tro bar Abel fram for Gud et bedre offer enn Kain. Ved det fikk han vitnesbyrd om at han var rettferdig, for Gud vitnet om gavene hans. Og ved troen taler han ennå, selv om han er død.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  By faith Abel offered to God a more excellent sacrifice than Cain, through which he was commended as righteous, God testifying about his gifts; and through faith, even though he is dead, he still speaks.

• NT, oversatt fra gresk Aug2024

  Ved tro brakte Abel et bedre offer til Gud enn Kain, og ved den fikk han vitnesbyrd om at han var rettferdig, Gud selv vitnet om hans gaver. Og ved den taler han enda, selv om han er død.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Formedelst Tro offrede Abel Gud et bedre Offer end Cain, og formedelst den fik han det Vidnesbyrd, at han var retfærdig, idet Gud bevidnede sit Velbehag i hans Gaver; og ved den taler han endnu, alligevel han er død.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  By faith Abel offered unto God a more excellent sacrifice than Cain, by which he obtained witness that he was righteous, God testifying of his gifts: and by it he being dead yet speaketh.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Ved tro bar Abel fram et bedre offer for Gud enn Kain, ved hvilket han fikk vitnesbyrd om å være rettferdig, Gud vitnet om gavene hans: og ved det taler han fremdeles, enda han er død.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  By faith Abel offered to God a more excellent sacrifice than Cain, by which he obtained witness that he was righteous, God testifying of his gifts: and by it he being dead still speaks.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  By faith Abel offered unto God a more excellent sacrifice than Cain, by which he obtained witness that he was righteous, God testifying of his gifts: and by it he being dead yet speaketh.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Ved tro ofret Abel til Gud et bedre offer enn Kain, og ved det fikk han vitnesbyrd om at han var rettferdig, Gud vitnet om hans gaver. Og ved det taler han fortsatt, enda han er død.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Ved tro ga Abel Gud et bedre offer enn Kain, og ved den fikk han vitnesbyrd om at han var rettferdig, idet Gud vitnet om hans gaver. Og gjennom den taler han enda, selv om han er død.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Ved tro ga Abel Gud et bedre offer enn Kain, og ved det fikk han vitnesbyrd om at han var rettferdig, Gud vitnet om hans gaver, og selv om han er død, taler han fortsatt gjennom den.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Ved tro ga Abel et bedre offer til Gud enn Kain, og han fikk vitnesbyrd om at han var rettferdig, fordi Gud godkjente hans gave. Gjennom sin tro taler han ennå, selv om han er død.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  By fayth Abell offered vnto god a more plenteous sacrifice then Cayn: by which he obteyned witnes that he was righteous god testifyinge of his gyftes: by which also he beynge deed yet speaketh.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  By faith offered Abell vnto God a more plenteous sacrifice: by the which he optayned wytnesse, that he was righteous: God testifyenge of his giftes, by the which also he beynge deed, yet speaketh.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  By faith Abel offered vnto God a greater sacrifice then Cain, by the which he obtained witnes that he was righteous, God testifying of his gifts: by the which faith also he being dead, yet speaketh.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  By fayth Abel offered vnto God a more excellent sacrifice then Cain: by whiche he was witnessed to be ryghteous, God testifiyng of his gyftes: by which also he beyng dead, yet speaketh.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ¶ By faith Abel offered unto God a more excellent sacrifice than Cain, by which he obtained witness that he was righteous, God testifying of his gifts: and by it he being dead yet speaketh.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  By faith, Abel offered to God a more excellent sacrifice than Cain, through which he had testimony given to him that he was righteous, God bearing witness with respect to his gifts; and through it he, being dead, still speaks.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  by faith a better sacrifice did Abel offer to God than Cain, through which he was testified to be righteous, God testifying of his gifts, and through it, he being dead, doth yet speak.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  By faith Abel offered unto God a more excellent sacrifice than Cain, through which he had witness borne to him that he was righteous, God bearing witness in respect of his gifts: and through it he being dead yet speaketh.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  By faith Abel made a better offering to God than Cain, and he had witness through it of his righteousness, God giving his approval of his offering: and his voice still comes to us through it though he is dead.

• World English Bible (2000)

  By faith, Abel offered to God a more excellent sacrifice than Cain, through which he had testimony given to him that he was righteous, God testifying with respect to his gifts; and through it he, being dead, still speaks.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  By faith Abel offered God a greater sacrifice than Cain, and through his faith he was commended as righteous, because God commended him for his offerings. And through his faith he still speaks, though he is dead.

Referenced Verses

• Gen 4:3-5 : 3 { "verseID": "Genesis.4.3", "source": "וֽ͏ַיְהִ֖י מִקֵּ֣ץ יָמִ֑ים וַיָּבֵ֨א קַ֜יִן מִפְּרִ֧י הֽ͏ָאֲדָמָ֛ה מִנְחָ֖ה לַֽיהוָֽה׃", "text": "And-*yehi* *miqqets* *yamim* and-*yabeʾ* *Qayin* from-*peri* *ha-ʾadamah* *minḥah* to-*YHWH*", "grammar": { "*yehi*": "qal imperfect with waw-consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - it came to pass/happened", "*miqqets*": "preposition + noun construct - at end of", "*yamim*": "noun, masculine plural - days/time period", "*yabeʾ*": "hiphil imperfect with waw-consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - he brought", "*Qayin*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Cain", "*peri*": "noun, masculine singular construct - fruit of", "*ha-ʾadamah*": "definite noun, feminine singular - the ground", "*minḥah*": "noun, feminine singular - offering/gift/tribute", "*la-YHWH*": "preposition + divine name - to/for YHWH" }, "variants": { "*miqqets yamim*": "at the end of days/after some time/in the course of time", "*minḥah*": "offering/gift/tribute/sacrifice" } } 4 { "verseID": "Genesis.4.4", "source": "וְהֶ֨בֶל הֵבִ֥יא גַם־ה֛וּא מִבְּכֹר֥וֹת צֹאנ֖וֹ וּמֵֽחֶלְבֵהֶ֑ן וַיִּ֣שַׁע יְהוָ֔ה אֶל־הֶ֖בֶל וְאֶל־מִנְחָתֽוֹ׃", "text": "And-*Hebel* *hebiʾ* also-he from-*bekorot* *tsoʾno* and-from-*ḥelbeHen* and-*yishaʿ* *YHWH* to-*Hebel* and-to-*minḥato*", "grammar": { "*Hebel*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Abel", "*hebiʾ*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - brought", "*gam*-*huʾ*": "adverb + 3rd masculine singular pronoun - also he/likewise", "*bekorot*": "noun, feminine plural construct - firstlings/firstborn of", "*tsoʾno*": "noun, collective + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his flock", "*ḥelbeHen*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd feminine plural suffix - their fat portions", "*yishaʿ*": "qal imperfect with waw-consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - looked with favor/regarded", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*minḥato*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his offering" }, "variants": { "*bekorot*": "firstborn/choicest/best", "*ḥelb*": "fat/best part/richest portion", "*yishaʿ*": "regarded with favor/looked upon/accepted" } } 5 { "verseID": "Genesis.4.5", "source": "וְאֶל־קַ֥יִן וְאֶל־מִנְחָת֖וֹ לֹ֣א שָׁעָ֑ה וַיִּ֤חַר לְקַ֙יִן֙ מְאֹ֔ד וַֽיִּפְּל֖וּ פָּנָֽיו׃", "text": "And-to-*Qayin* and-to-*minḥato* not *shaʿah* and-*yiḥar* to-*Qayin* *meʾod* and-*yippelu* *panaw*", "grammar": { "*Qayin*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Cain", "*minḥato*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his offering", "*shaʿah*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - looked with favor/regarded", "*yiḥar*": "qal imperfect with waw-consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - became hot/angry", "*meʾod*": "adverb - very/exceedingly", "*yippelu*": "qal imperfect with waw-consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - fell", "*panaw*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his face" }, "variants": { "*shaʿah*": "regarded with favor/looked upon/accepted", "*yiḥar*": "became hot with anger/burned/was kindled", "*yippelu panaw*": "his face fell/he became downcast/he was dejected" } }
• Gen 4:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Genesis.4.10", "source": "וַיֹּ֖אמֶר מֶ֣ה עָשִׂ֑יתָ ק֚וֹל דְּמֵ֣י אָחִ֔יךָ צֹעֲקִ֥ים אֵלַ֖י מִן־הָֽאֲדָמָֽה׃", "text": "And-*yomer* what *ʿasita* *qol* *demey* your-brother *tsoʿaqim* to-me from-the-*ʾadamah*", "grammar": { "*yomer*": "qal imperfect with waw-consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*meh*": "interrogative pronoun - what", "*ʿasita*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you have done", "*qol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - voice of", "*demey*": "noun, masculine plural construct - bloods of", "*ʾaḥiyka*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your brother", "*tsoʿaqim*": "qal participle, masculine plural - crying out", "*ʾelay*": "preposition + 1st singular suffix - to me", "*min*": "preposition - from", "*ha-ʾadamah*": "definite noun, feminine singular - the ground" }, "variants": { "*qol demey*": "voice of bloods/sound of blood/cry of blood", "*demey*": "blood (plural form often indicates violent bloodshed)", "*tsoʿaqim*": "crying out/calling/screaming" } }
• Matt 23:35 : 35 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.35", "source": "Ὅπως ἔλθῃ ἐφʼ ὑμᾶς πᾶν αἷμα δίκαιον ἐκχυνόμενον ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, ἀπὸ τοῦ αἵματος Ἄβελ τοῦ δικαίου ἕως τοῦ αἵματος Ζαχαρίου υἱοῦ Βαραχίου, ὃν ἐφονεύσατε μεταξὺ τοῦ ναοῦ καὶ τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου.", "text": "*Hopōs elthē* upon you all *haima* *dikaion* *ekchynomenon* upon the *gēs*, from the *haimatos* *Abel* the *dikaiou* until the *haimatos* *Zachariou* *huiou* *Barachiou*, whom *ephoneusate* between the *naou* and the *thysiastēriou*.", "grammar": { "*Hopōs*": "conjunction - so that/in order that", "*elthē*": "aorist, active, subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might come", "*eph' hymas*": "preposition with accusative - upon you", "*pan*": "nominative, neuter, singular - all", "*haima*": "nominative, neuter, singular - blood", "*dikaion*": "nominative, neuter, singular - righteous/innocent", "*ekchynomenon*": "present, passive, participle, nominative, neuter, singular - being shed/poured out", "*epi*": "preposition with genitive - upon/on", "*gēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - earth/land", "*apo*": "preposition with genitive - from", "*haimatos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - blood", "*Abel*": "genitive - Abel (proper name)", "*dikaiou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - righteous", "*heōs*": "preposition - until/as far as", "*haimatos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - blood", "*Zachariou*": "genitive - Zechariah (proper name)", "*huiou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - son", "*Barachiou*": "genitive - Barachiah (proper name)", "*hon*": "accusative, masculine, singular, relative pronoun - whom", "*ephoneusate*": "aorist, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you murdered", "*metaxy*": "preposition with genitive - between", "*naou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - temple/sanctuary", "*thysiastēriou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - altar" }, "variants": { "*elthē*": "might come/fall upon/be charged to", "*haima*": "blood/bloodshed/blood-guilt", "*dikaion*": "righteous/innocent/just", "*ekchynomenon*": "being shed/poured out/spilled", "*gēs*": "earth/land/ground", "*haimatos*": "blood/bloodshed", "*dikaiou*": "righteous/innocent/just", "*huiou*": "son/descendant", "*ephoneusate*": "murdered/killed/slaughtered", "*naou*": "temple/sanctuary/shrine", "*thysiastēriou*": "altar/place of sacrifice" } }
• Heb 12:24 : 24 { "verseID": "Hebrews.12.24", "source": "Καὶ διαθήκης νέας μεσίτῃ Ἰησοῦ, καὶ αἵματι ῥαντισμοῦ, κρείττονα λαλοῦντι παρὰ τὸν Ἄβελ.", "text": "And of *diathēkēs neas mesitē Iēsou*, and to *haimati rhantismou*, *kreittona lalounti* than the *Abel*.", "grammar": { "*diathēkēs*": "noun, genitive, singular, feminine - of covenant", "*neas*": "adjective, genitive, singular, feminine - of new", "*mesitē*": "noun, dative, singular, masculine - to mediator", "*Iēsou*": "proper noun, dative, singular, masculine - to Jesus", "*haimati*": "noun, dative, singular, neuter - to blood", "*rhantismou*": "noun, genitive, singular, masculine - of sprinkling", "*kreittona*": "adjective, accusative, plural, neuter - better things", "*lalounti*": "participle, present active, dative, singular, neuter - speaking", "*Abel*": "proper noun, accusative, singular, masculine - Abel" }, "variants": { "*diathēkēs*": "covenant/testament/agreement", "*neas*": "new/fresh/young", "*mesitē*": "mediator/go-between/intermediary", "*rhantismou*": "sprinkling/aspersion", "*kreittona*": "better things/superior things" } }
• Jude 1:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Jude.1.11", "source": "Οὐαὶ αὐτοῖς! ὅτι τῇ ὁδῷ τοῦ Κάϊν ἐπορεύθησαν, καὶ τῇ πλάνῃ τοῦ Βαλαὰμ μισθοῦ ἐξεχύθησαν, καὶ τῇ ἀντιλογίᾳ τοῦ Κόρε ἀπώλοντο.", "text": "*Ouai autois*! for *tē hodō tou Kain eporeuthēsan*, and *tē planē tou Balaam misthou exechythēsan*, and *tē antilogia tou Kore apōlonto*.", "grammar": { "*Ouai*": "interjection - woe", "*autois*": "personal pronoun, dative, masculine, plural - to them", "*tē hodō tou Kain*": "dative, feminine, singular with genitive - in the way of Cain", "*eporeuthēsan*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person plural - they went/journeyed", "*tē planē tou Balaam*": "dative, feminine, singular with genitive - in the error of Balaam", "*misthou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - for reward/pay", "*exechythēsan*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person plural - they rushed headlong", "*tē antilogia tou Kore*": "dative, feminine, singular with genitive - in the rebellion of Korah", "*apōlonto*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person plural - they perished" }, "variants": { "*Ouai*": "woe/alas", "*hodō*": "way/road/path", "*eporeuthēsan*": "went/journeyed/traveled", "*planē*": "error/deception/wandering", "*misthou*": "for reward/for wages/for money", "*exechythēsan*": "rushed headlong/poured out/abandoned themselves", "*antilogia*": "rebellion/contradiction/opposition", "*apōlonto*": "perished/were destroyed/were lost" } }
• Prov 15:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Proverbs.15.8", "source": "זֶ֣בַח רְ֭שָׁעִים תּוֹעֲבַ֣ת יְהוָ֑ה וּתְפִלַּ֖ת יְשָׁרִ֣ים רְצוֹנֽוֹ׃", "text": "*Zeḇaḥ rəšāʿîm tôʿăḇat YHWH ûtəp̄illat yəšārîm rəṣônô*", "grammar": { "*Zeḇaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - sacrifice of", "*rəšāʿîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - wicked ones", "*tôʿăḇat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - abomination of", "YHWH": "proper noun - divine name", "*ûtəp̄illat*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct - but prayer of", "*yəšārîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - upright ones", "*rəṣônô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his delight/pleasure" }, "variants": { "*Zeḇaḥ rəšāʿîm*": "sacrifice of wicked/offering of evil ones", "*tôʿăḇat YHWH*": "abomination of YHWH/detestable to the LORD", "*ûtəp̄illat yəšārîm*": "but prayer of upright/yet supplication of righteous", "*rəṣônô*": "his delight/his pleasure/acceptable to him" } }
• Prov 21:27 : 27 { "verseID": "Proverbs.21.27", "source": "זֶ֣בַח רְ֭שָׁעִים תּוֹעֵבָ֑ה אַ֝֗ף כִּֽי־בְזִמָּ֥ה יְבִיאֶֽנּוּ", "text": "*zeḇaḥ* *rĕšāʿîm* *tôʿēḇāh* even more when-with-*zimmāh* *yĕḇîʾennû*", "grammar": { "*zeḇaḥ*": "construct masculine singular noun - sacrifice of", "*rĕšāʿîm*": "masculine plural noun - wicked ones", "*tôʿēḇāh*": "feminine singular noun - abomination", "*zimmāh*": "feminine singular noun - evil purpose/plan", "*yĕḇîʾennû*": "3rd masculine singular hiphil imperfect + 3rd masculine singular suffix - he brings it" }, "variants": { "*zeḇaḥ*": "sacrifice/offering", "*rĕšāʿîm*": "wicked ones/evil persons", "*tôʿēḇāh*": "abomination/detestable thing", "*zimmāh*": "evil purpose/plan/scheme/wickedness", "*yĕḇîʾennû*": "brings it/offers it" } }
• Gen 4:25 : 25 { "verseID": "Genesis.4.25", "source": "וַיֵּ֨דַע אָדָ֥ם עוֹד֙ אֶת־אִשְׁתּ֔וֹ וַתֵּ֣לֶד בֵּ֔ן וַתִּקְרָ֥א אֶת־שְׁמ֖וֹ שֵׁ֑ת כִּ֣י שָֽׁת־לִ֤י אֱלֹהִים֙ זֶ֣רַע אַחֵ֔ר תַּ֣חַת הֶ֔בֶל כִּ֥י הֲרָג֖וֹ קָֽיִן׃", "text": "And-*yedaʿ* *ʾAdam* again *ʾet*-his-wife and-she-*teled* *ben* and-she-*tiqraʾ* *ʾet*-his-name *Shet* for *shat*-to-me *ʾElohim* *zeraʿ* another in-place-of *Hebel* for *harago* *Qayin*", "grammar": { "*yedaʿ*": "qal imperfect with waw-consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - knew", "*ʾAdam*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Adam", "*ʿod*": "adverb - again", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾishto*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his wife", "*teled*": "qal imperfect with waw-consecutive, 3rd feminine singular - bore", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular - son", "*tiqraʾ*": "qal imperfect with waw-consecutive, 3rd feminine singular - called", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*shemo*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his name", "*Shet*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Seth", "*ki*": "conjunction - for/because", "*shat*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - appointed/placed", "*li*": "preposition + 1st singular suffix - for me", "*ʾElohim*": "noun, masculine plural - God", "*zeraʿ*": "noun, masculine singular - seed/offspring", "*ʾaḥer*": "adjective, masculine singular - another", "*taḥat*": "preposition - instead of", "*Hebel*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Abel", "*ki*": "conjunction - because", "*harago*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - killed him", "*Qayin*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Cain" }, "variants": { "*shat*": "appointed/placed/granted", "*zeraʿ ʾaḥer*": "another offspring/different seed/other descendant" } }
• Lev 9:24 : 24 { "verseID": "Leviticus.9.24", "source": "וַתֵּ֤צֵא אֵשׁ֙ מִלִּפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה וַתֹּ֙אכַל֙ עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֔חַ אֶת־הָעֹלָ֖ה וְאֶת־הַחֲלָבִ֑ים וַיַּ֤רְא כָּל־הָעָם֙ וַיָּרֹ֔נּוּ וַֽיִּפְּל֖וּ עַל־פְּנֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*wa-tēṣēʾ* *ʾēš* from-before *YHWH* *wa-tōʾkal* on-the-*mizbēaḥ* *ʾet*-the-*ʿōlāh* and-*ʾet*-the-*ḥălābîm* *wa-yarʾ* all-the-*ʿām* *wa-yārōnnû* *wa-yippəlû* on-*pənêhem*", "grammar": { "*wa-tēṣēʾ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and it went out", "*ʾēš*": "feminine singular noun - fire", "*YHWH*": "divine name with compound preposition mil-liphnê - from before YHWH", "*wa-tōʾkal*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and it consumed", "*mizbēaḥ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article and prefixed preposition al - on the altar", "*ʿōlāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article and direct object marker - the burnt offering", "*ḥălābîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article and direct object marker and conjunction waw - and the fat portions", "*wa-yarʾ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and saw", "*ʿām*": "masculine singular noun with definite article and construct kol - all the people", "*wa-yārōnnû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they shouted for joy", "*wa-yippəlû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they fell", "*pənêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural possessive suffix and prefixed preposition al - on their faces" }, "variants": { "*tēṣēʾ*": "went out/came forth", "*tōʾkal*": "consumed/devoured/ate", "*yarʾ*": "saw/observed/beheld", "*yārōnnû*": "shouted for joy/cried out in jubilation/gave a ringing cry", "*yippəlû*": "fell/fell down/prostrated themselves" } }
• 1 Kgs 18:38 : 38 { "verseID": "1 Kings.18.38", "source": "וַתִּפֹּ֣ל אֵשׁ־יְהוָ֗ה וַתֹּ֤אכַל אֶת־הָֽעֹלָה֙ וְאֶת־הָ֣עֵצִ֔ים וְאֶת־הָאֲבָנִ֖ים וְאֶת־הֶעָפָ֑ר וְאֶת־הַמַּ֥יִם אֲשֶׁר־בַּתְּעָלָ֖ה לִחֵֽכָה׃", "text": "*wă-tippōl* *'ēš*-*YHWH* *wă-tō'ḵal* *'et*-the-*'ōlâ* and-*'et*-the-*'ēṣîm* and-*'et*-the-*'ăḇānîm* and-*'et*-the-*'āp̄ār* and-*'et*-the-*mayim* *'ăšer*-in-the-*tĕ'ālâ* *liḥēḵâ*", "grammar": { "*wă-tippōl*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and it fell", "*'ēš*": "common noun, feminine singular construct - fire of", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*wă-tō'ḵal*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and it consumed", "*'et*": "direct object marker", "*'ōlâ*": "common noun, feminine singular with definite article - the burnt offering", "*'ēṣîm*": "common noun, masculine plural with definite article - the wood", "*'ăḇānîm*": "common noun, feminine plural with definite article - the stones", "*'āp̄ār*": "common noun, masculine singular with definite article - the dust", "*mayim*": "common noun, masculine plural with definite article - the water", "*'ăšer*": "relative particle - which", "*tĕ'ālâ*": "common noun, feminine singular with definite article - the trench", "*liḥēḵâ*": "piel perfect 3rd feminine singular - it licked up" }, "variants": { "*'ēš*": "fire/flame", "*'ōlâ*": "burnt offering/that which goes up", "*'āp̄ār*": "dust/soil/earth", "*tĕ'ālâ*": "trench/channel/conduit", "*liḥēḵâ*": "licked up/consumed" } }
• Gen 4:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Genesis.4.8", "source": "וַיֹּ֥אמֶר קַ֖יִן אֶל־הֶ֣בֶל אָחִ֑יו וֽ͏ַיְהִי֙ בִּהְיוֹתָ֣ם בַּשָּׂדֶ֔ה וַיָּ֥קָם קַ֛יִן אֶל־הֶ֥בֶל אָחִ֖יו וַיַּהַרְגֵֽהוּ׃", "text": "And-*yomer* *Qayin* to-*Hebel* his-brother and-*yehi* in-*bihyotam* in-the-*sadeh* and-*yaqom* *Qayin* against-*Hebel* his-brother and-*yahargehu*", "grammar": { "*yomer*": "qal imperfect with waw-consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*Qayin*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Cain", "*Hebel*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Abel", "*ʾaḥiw*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his brother", "*yehi*": "qal imperfect with waw-consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - it happened", "*bihyotam*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine plural suffix - when they were", "*sadeh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the field", "*yaqom*": "qal imperfect with waw-consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - rose up", "*yahargehu*": "qal imperfect with waw-consecutive, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - killed him" }, "variants": { "*yaqom... ʾel*": "rose up against/attacked/confronted", "*yahargehu*": "killed him/murdered him/slew him" } }
• 1 John 3:11-12 : 11 { "verseID": "1 John.3.11", "source": "Ὅτι αὕτη ἐστὶν ἡ ἀγγελία ἣν ἠκούσατε ἀπʼ ἀρχῆς, ἵνα ἀγαπῶμεν ἀλλήλους.", "text": "Because this *estin* the *angelia* which you *ēkousate* from *archēs*, that we should *agapōmen allēlous*.", "grammar": { "*estin*": "present active, 3rd singular - is", "*angelia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - message", "*ēkousate*": "aorist active, 2nd plural - you heard", "*archēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - beginning", "*agapōmen*": "present active subjunctive, 1st plural - we should love", "*allēlous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - one another" }, "variants": { "*angelia*": "message/announcement/command", "*ēkousate*": "you heard/listened to", "*archēs*": "beginning/origin/first principle", "*agapōmen*": "we should love/cherish", "*allēlous*": "one another/each other" } } 12 { "verseID": "1 John.3.12", "source": "Οὐ καθὼς Κάϊν, ἐκ τοῦ πονηροῦ ἦν, καὶ ἔσφαξεν τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ. Καὶ χάριν τίνος ἔσφαξεν αὐτόν; Ὅτι τὰ ἔργα αὐτοῦ πονηρὰ ἦν, τὰ δὲ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ αὐτοῦ δίκαια.", "text": "Not as *Kain*, from the *ponērou ēn*, and *esphaxen* the *adelphon* of him. And for what reason *esphaxen* him? Because the *erga* of him *ponēra ēn*, but those of the *adelphou* of him *dikaia*.", "grammar": { "*Kain*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Cain", "*ponērou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - evil one", "*ēn*": "imperfect active, 3rd singular - was", "*esphaxen*": "aorist active, 3rd singular - slew/killed", "*adelphon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - brother", "*erga*": "nominative, neuter, plural - works", "*ponēra*": "adjective, nominative, neuter, plural - evil", "*adelphou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of brother", "*dikaia*": "adjective, nominative, neuter, plural - righteous" }, "variants": { "*ponērou*": "evil one/wicked one/the devil", "*esphaxen*": "slew/killed/slaughtered", "*adelphon*": "brother/fellow believer", "*erga*": "works/deeds/actions", "*ponēra*": "evil/wicked/bad", "*adelphou*": "brother's/fellow believer's", "*dikaia*": "righteous/just/upright" } }
• Luke 11:51 : 51 { "verseID": "Luke.11.51", "source": "Ἀπὸ τοῦ αἵματος Ἅβελ ἕως τοῦ αἵματος Ζαχαρίου, τοῦ ἀπολομένου μεταξὺ τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου καὶ τοῦ οἴκου: ναί λέγω ὑμῖν, Ἐκζητηθήσεται ἀπὸ τῆς γενεᾶς ταύτης.", "text": "From the *haimatos* of *Abel* until the *haimatos* of *Zachariou*, the *apolomenou* *metaxy* the *thysiastēriou* and the *oikou*: *nai* *legō* to you, *Ekzētēthēsetai* from the *geneas* this.", "grammar": { "*haimatos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of blood", "*Abel*": "genitive, masculine - of Abel", "*Zachariou*": "genitive, masculine - of Zachariah", "*apolomenou*": "aorist, participle, middle, genitive, masculine, singular - having perished/died", "*metaxy*": "preposition - between", "*thysiastēriou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of altar", "*oikou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of house/temple", "*nai*": "particle of affirmation - yes/indeed", "*legō*": "present, indicative, active, 1st person singular - I say/tell", "*Ekzētēthēsetai*": "future, indicative, passive, 3rd person singular - it will be required/demanded", "*geneas*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of generation" }, "variants": { "*apolomenou*": "having perished/died/been destroyed", "*metaxy*": "between/amid/among", "*thysiastēriou*": "altar/place of sacrifice", "*oikou*": "house/temple/dwelling", "*Ekzētēthēsetai*": "will be required/demanded/sought after", "*geneas*": "generation/race/family/age" } }
• Heb 9:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Hebrews.9.22", "source": "Καὶ σχεδὸν ἐν αἵματι πάντα καθαρίζεται κατὰ τὸν νόμον· καὶ χωρὶς αἱματεκχυσίας οὐ γίνεται ἄφεσις.", "text": "And *schedon en haimati panta katharizetai kata ton nomon*; and *chōris haimatekchysias ou ginetai aphesis*.", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*schedon*": "adverb - 'almost/nearly'", "*en*": "preposition with dative - 'with/by'", "*haimati*": "dative neuter singular - 'blood'", "*panta*": "nominative neuter plural adjective - 'all things'", "*katharizetai*": "present passive indicative, 3rd person singular - 'is cleansed'", "*kata*": "preposition with accusative - 'according to'", "*ton nomon*": "accusative masculine singular - 'the law'", "*chōris*": "preposition with genitive - 'without'", "*haimatekchysias*": "genitive feminine singular - 'shedding of blood'", "*ou*": "negative particle - 'not'", "*ginetai*": "present middle indicative, 3rd person singular - 'occurs/happens'", "*aphesis*": "nominative feminine singular - 'forgiveness/remission'" }, "variants": { "*schedon*": "almost/nearly", "*haimati*": "blood", "*katharizetai*": "is cleansed/purified", "*nomon*": "law/Torah", "*chōris*": "without/apart from", "*haimatekchysias*": "shedding of blood/bloodshed", "*ginetai*": "occurs/happens/comes about", "*aphesis*": "forgiveness/remission/release" } }
• Heb 12:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Hebrews.12.1", "source": "¶Τοιγαροῦν καὶ ἡμεῖς τοσοῦτον ἔχοντες περικείμενον ἡμῖν νέφος μαρτύρων, ὄγκον ἀποθέμενοι πάντα καὶ τὴν εὐπερίστατον ἁμαρτίαν, διʼ ὑπομονῆς τρέχωμεν τὸν προκείμενον ἡμῖν ἀγῶνα,", "text": "*Toigaroun* and *hēmeis* *tosouton* *echontes* *perikeimenon* *hēmin* *nephos martyrōn*, *ogkon* *apothemenoi* all and the *euperistaton hamartian*, through *hypomonēs* let us *trechōmen* the *prokeimenon* *hēmin* *agōna*,", "grammar": { "*Toigaroun*": "conjunction - therefore/consequently/for that reason", "*hēmeis*": "personal pronoun, nominative, plural - we", "*tosouton*": "demonstrative pronoun, accusative, singular, neuter - so great/such a great", "*echontes*": "participle, present active, nominative, plural, masculine - having", "*perikeimenon*": "participle, perfect middle/passive, accusative, singular, neuter - surrounding/encompassing", "*hēmin*": "personal pronoun, dative, plural - us/to us", "*nephos*": "noun, accusative, singular, neuter - cloud", "*martyrōn*": "noun, genitive, plural, masculine - of witnesses", "*ogkon*": "noun, accusative, singular, masculine - weight/burden/encumbrance", "*apothemenoi*": "participle, aorist middle, nominative, plural, masculine - having laid aside/putting away", "*euperistaton*": "adjective, accusative, singular, feminine - easily entangling/besetting", "*hamartian*": "noun, accusative, singular, feminine - sin", "*hypomonēs*": "noun, genitive, singular, feminine - endurance/perseverance/patience", "*trechōmen*": "verb, present active subjunctive, 1st person plural - let us run", "*prokeimenon*": "participle, present middle/passive, accusative, singular, masculine - set before/lying before", "*agōna*": "noun, accusative, singular, masculine - race/contest/conflict" }, "variants": { "*Toigaroun*": "therefore/consequently/for that very reason", "*nephos*": "cloud/multitude/great number", "*ogkon*": "weight/burden/encumbrance/bulk/pride", "*euperistaton*": "easily entangling/besetting/distracting/hindering/surrounding", "*hypomonēs*": "endurance/perseverance/patience/steadfastness", "*agōna*": "race/contest/conflict/struggle" } }
• Titus 1:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Titus.1.16", "source": "Θεὸν ὁμολογοῦσιν εἰδέναι· τοῖς δὲ ἔργοις ἀρνοῦνται, βδελυκτοὶ ὄντες, καὶ ἀπειθεῖς, καὶ πρὸς πᾶν ἔργον ἀγαθὸν ἀδόκιμοι.", "text": "*Theon homologousin eidenai*; but by their *ergois arnountai*, *bdelyktoi ontes*, and *apeitheis*, and toward every *ergon agathon adokimoi*.", "grammar": { "*Theon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - God", "*homologousin*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person plural - they profess/confess", "*eidenai*": "perfect, active, infinitive - to know", "*tois*": "dative, neuter, plural article - by the", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/however", "*ergois*": "dative, neuter, plural - works/deeds", "*arnountai*": "present, middle, indicative, 3rd person plural - they deny", "*bdelyktoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - detestable/abominable", "*ontes*": "present, active, participle, nominative, masculine, plural - being", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*apeitheis*": "nominative, masculine, plural - disobedient/rebellious", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - toward/for", "*pan*": "accusative, neuter, singular - every", "*ergon*": "accusative, neuter, singular - work/deed", "*agathon*": "accusative, neuter, singular - good", "*adokimoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - unfit/worthless/disqualified" }, "variants": { "*homologousin*": "profess/confess/acknowledge", "*eidenai*": "to know/to have known", "*ergois*": "works/deeds/actions", "*arnountai*": "deny/disown/renounce", "*bdelyktoi*": "detestable/abominable/repugnant", "*apeitheis*": "disobedient/rebellious/unpersuadable", "*ergon agathon*": "good work/good deed", "*adokimoi*": "unfit/worthless/disqualified/rejected after testing" } }
• Gen 4:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Genesis.4.15", "source": "וַיֹּ֧אמֶר ל֣וֹ יְהוָ֗ה לָכֵן֙ כָּל־הֹרֵ֣ג קַ֔יִן שִׁבְעָתַ֖יִם יֻקָּ֑ם וַיָּ֨שֶׂם יְהוָ֤ה לְקַ֙יִן֙ א֔וֹת לְבִלְתִּ֥י הַכּוֹת־אֹת֖וֹ כָּל־מֹצְאֽוֹ׃", "text": "And-*yomer* to-him *YHWH* therefore all-*horeg* *Qayin* *shibeʿatayim* *yuqqam* and-*yasem* *YHWH* to-*Qayin* *ʾot* for-not *hakkot*-him all-*motseʾo*", "grammar": { "*yomer*": "qal imperfect with waw-consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*lo*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*laken*": "adverb - therefore", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all/anyone", "*horeg*": "qal participle, masculine singular - killing", "*Qayin*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Cain", "*shibeʿatayim*": "adverb - sevenfold", "*yuqqam*": "hophal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will be avenged", "*yasem*": "qal imperfect with waw-consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - placed/set", "*le-Qayin*": "preposition + proper noun - for Cain", "*ʾot*": "noun, common singular - sign/mark", "*le-bilti*": "preposition + particle - so that not", "*hakkot*": "hiphil infinitive construct - striking", "*ʾoto*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all/anyone", "*motseʾo*": "qal participle, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - finding him" }, "variants": { "*shibeʿatayim yuqqam*": "sevenfold vengeance will be taken/will be avenged seven times", "*ʾot*": "sign/mark/token" } }