Verse 10
{ "verseID": "Hosea.5.10", "source": "הָיוּ֙ שָׂרֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה כְּמַסִּיגֵ֖י גְּב֑וּל עֲלֵיהֶ֕ם אֶשְׁפּ֥וֹךְ כַּמַּ֖יִם עֶבְרָתִֽי׃", "text": "*Hāyû* *śārê* *Yəhûḏâ* like-*massîḡê* *gəḇûl*; upon-them *ʾešpôḵ* like-the-*mayim* *ʿeḇrāṯî*.", "grammar": { "*Hāyû*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they have been/became", "*śārê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - princes/rulers of", "*Yəhûḏâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*massîḡê*": "participle, hiphil, masculine plural construct - those who remove", "*gəḇûl*": "noun, masculine singular - boundary/border", "*ʾešpôḵ*": "imperfect, 1st person singular - I will pour out", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - waters", "*ʿeḇrāṯî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my wrath" }, "variants": { "*Hāyû*": "they have been/they became", "*śārê*": "princes/rulers/officials/leaders of", "*massîḡê*": "those who remove/those who displace/those who move", "*gəḇûl*": "boundary/border/territory/landmark", "*ʾešpôḵ*": "I will pour out/I will empty", "*ʿeḇrāṯî*": "my wrath/my fury/my overflow of anger" } }
Other Translations
GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk
Judas ledere er som dem som forråder grensene. Jeg vil øse ut min vrede over dem som om det var vann.
Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst
Judas fyrster er lik dem som flytter grensemerker; derfor vil jeg utøse min vrede over dem som vann.
Norsk King James
Judas fyrstene er som de som fjerner grensemerker; derfor vil jeg utgyte min vrede over dem som vann.
Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866
Judas ledere er som de som flytter grensesteiner; jeg vil øse min vrede over dem som vann.
Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål
Judas fyrster er som dem som flytter grensemerker. Over dem vil jeg helle ut min vrede som vann.
Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611
Judas ledere er som de som flytter grensesteiner; derfor vil jeg slå min vrede ut over dem som vann.
o3-mini KJV Norsk
Prinsene i Juda var som de som bryter opp bånd; derfor skal jeg utøse min vrede over dem som vann.
En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)
Judas ledere er som de som flytter grensesteiner; derfor vil jeg slå min vrede ut over dem som vann.
Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst
Judas fyrster har blitt som de som flytter grensesteiner; over dem vil jeg utøse min vrede som vann.
Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts
The leaders of Judah are like those who move boundary stones; I will pour out my wrath on them like water.
GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024
Judas fyrster har vært som de som flytter grensesteiner; over dem vil jeg utøse min vrede som vann.
Original Norsk Bibel 1866
Judæ Fyrster ere som de, der flytte Landemærke; jeg vil udøse min Grumhed over dem som Vandet.
King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)
The princes of Judah were like them that remove the bound: therefore I will pour out my wrath upon them like water.
KJV 1769 norsk
Judas fyrster er som de som flytter grensesteinen, derfor vil jeg øse ut min vrede over dem som vann.
KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk
The princes of Judah were like those who remove a boundary: therefore I will pour out my wrath upon them like water.
King James Version 1611 (Original)
The princes of Judah were like them that remove the bound: therefore I will pour out my wrath upon them like water.
Norsk oversettelse av Webster
Judas fyrster er som de som flytter grensesteiner. Jeg vil utøse min vrede over dem som vann.
Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation
Judas fyrster har vært som de som flytter grensesteiner. Over dem øser jeg ut min vrede som vann.
Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901
Judas fyrster er som de som flytter grensesteiner: jeg vil utøse min vrede over dem som vann.
Norsk oversettelse av BBE
Judas ledere er som de som flytter grenser; jeg skal slippe løs min vrede over dem som strømmende vann.
Coverdale Bible (1535)
Yet are the prynces of Iuda become like them, that remoue the londemarckes, therfore wil I poure out my wrath vpon them like water.
Geneva Bible (1560)
The princes of Iudah were like them that remoue the bounde: therefore will I powre out my wrath vpon them like water.
Bishops' Bible (1568)
The princes of Iuda haue ben lyke them that remoue the lande markes: therefore wyll I powre out my wrath vpon them like water.
Authorized King James Version (1611)
The princes of Judah were like them that remove the bound: [therefore] I will pour out my wrath upon them like water.
Webster's Bible (1833)
The princes of Judah are like those who remove a landmark. I will pour out my wrath on them like water.
Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)
Princes of Judah have been as those removing a border, On them I do pour out as water My wrath.
American Standard Version (1901)
The princes of Judah are like them that remove the landmark: I will pour out my wrath upon them like water.
Bible in Basic English (1941)
The rulers of Judah are like those who take away a landmark; I will let loose my wrath on them like flowing water.
World English Bible (2000)
The princes of Judah are like those who remove a landmark. I will pour out my wrath on them like water.
NET Bible® (New English Translation)
The Oppressors of the Helpless Will Be Oppressed The princes of Judah are like those who move boundary markers. I will pour out my rage on them like a torrential flood!
Referenced Verses
- Deut 19:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.19.14", "source": "לֹ֤א תַסִּיג֙ גְּב֣וּל רֽ͏ֵעֲךָ֔ אֲשֶׁ֥ר גָּבְל֖וּ רִאשֹׁנִ֑ים בְּנַחֲלָֽתְךָ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תִּנְחַ֔ל בָּאָ֕רֶץ אֲשֶׁר֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ נֹתֵ֥ן לְךָ֖ לְרִשְׁתָּֽהּ", "text": "Not-*tassig* *gĕbūl* *rēʿăkhā* which *gāblū* *riʾshōnim* in-*naḥălātĕkhā* which *tinḥal* in-the-*ʾārets* which *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhekhā* *nōten* to-you *lĕrishtāh*", "grammar": { "*tassig*": "Hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - 'you shall move back'", "*gĕbūl*": "common noun masculine singular construct - 'boundary of'", "*rēʿăkhā*": "common noun masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your neighbor'", "*gāblū*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - 'they established'", "*riʾshōnim*": "adjective masculine plural - 'former ones/ancestors'", "*naḥălātĕkhā*": "common noun feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your inheritance'", "*tinḥal*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - 'you will inherit'", "*ʾārets*": "common noun feminine singular - 'land'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhekhā*": "common noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your God'", "*nōten*": "Qal participle masculine singular - 'giving'", "*lĕrishtāh*": "preposition with Qal infinitive construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - 'to possess it'" }, "variants": { "*tassig*": "you shall move back/you shall remove/you shall take away", "*gĕbūl*": "boundary/border/landmark", "*rēʿăkhā*": "your neighbor/your fellow/your friend", "*gāblū*": "they established/they set/they marked", "*riʾshōnim*": "former ones/ancestors/predecessors", "*naḥălātĕkhā*": "your inheritance/your possession/your property", "*tinḥal*": "you will inherit/you will possess/you will receive", "*ʾārets*": "land/country/territory", "*nōten*": "gives/is giving/grants", "*lĕrishtāh*": "to possess it/to inherit it/to take possession of it" } }
- Deut 27:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.27.17", "source": "אָר֕וּר מַסִּ֖יג גְּב֣וּל רֵעֵ֑הוּ וְאָמַ֥ר כָּל־הָעָ֖ם אָמֵֽן׃", "text": "*ʾārûr* *massîg* *gəḇûl* *rēʿēhû* *wə-ʾāmar* *kol*-*hā-ʿām* *ʾāmēn*", "grammar": { "*ʾārûr*": "Qal passive participle masculine singular - cursed", "*massîg*": "Hiphil participle masculine singular - removes/moves", "*gəḇûl*": "noun masculine singular construct - boundary of", "*rēʿēhû*": "noun masculine singular construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his neighbor", "*wə-ʾāmar*": "conjunctive waw + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and shall say", "*kol*": "noun masculine singular construct - all", "*hā-ʿām*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the people", "*ʾāmēn*": "adverb - amen/truly/so be it" }, "variants": { "*ʾārûr*": "cursed/banned/under divine judgment", "*massîg*": "removes/moves/displaces", "*gəḇûl*": "boundary/border/landmark", "*rēʿēhû*": "his neighbor/fellow/friend", "*ʾāmēn*": "truly/so be it/verily" } }
- Ps 93:3-4 : 3 { "verseID": "Psalms.93.3", "source": "נָשְׂא֤וּ נְהָר֨וֹת ׀ יְֽהוָ֗ה נָשְׂא֣וּ נְהָר֣וֹת קוֹלָ֑ם יִשְׂא֖וּ נְהָר֣וֹת דָּכְיָֽם׃", "text": "*nāśʾû* *nəhārôṯ* *YHWH* *nāśʾû* *nəhārôṯ* *qôlām* *yiśʾû* *nəhārôṯ* *dāḵyām*", "grammar": { "*nāśʾû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - lifted up (repeated)", "*nəhārôṯ*": "noun, masculine plural - rivers/floods (repeated)", "*YHWH*": "noun, proper name, vocative", "*qôlām*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their voice", "*yiśʾû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person plural - will lift up", "*dāḵyām*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their crashing/roaring" }, "variants": { "*nāśʾû*": "lifted up/raised/carried", "*nəhārôṯ*": "rivers/floods/streams", "*qôlām*": "their voice/their sound", "*dāḵyām*": "their roaring/their crashing/their pounding waves" } } 4 { "verseID": "Psalms.93.4", "source": "מִקֹּל֨וֹת ׀ מַ֤יִם רַבִּ֗ים אַדִּירִ֣ים מִשְׁבְּרֵי־יָ֑ם אַדִּ֖יר בַּמָּר֣וֹם יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*miqqōlôṯ* *mayim* *rabbîm* *ʾaddîrîm* *mišbərê-yām* *ʾaddîr* *bammārôm* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*miqqōlôṯ*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural construct - from/than the voices/sounds", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - waters", "*rabbîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - many/great", "*ʾaddîrîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - mighty/majestic", "*mišbərê-yām*": "noun, masculine plural construct + noun - breakers of sea", "*ʾaddîr*": "adjective, masculine singular - mighty/majestic", "*bammārôm*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the height/on high", "*YHWH*": "noun, proper name, subject" }, "variants": { "*miqqōlôṯ*": "than the sounds/than the voices/above the noises", "*rabbîm*": "many/great/numerous", "*ʾaddîrîm*": "mighty/majestic/powerful", "*mišbərê-yām*": "breakers of the sea/ocean waves/sea billows", "*ʾaddîr*": "mighty/majestic/powerful", "*bammārôm*": "in the height/on high/in the heavens" } }
- Ps 32:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Psalms.32.6", "source": "עַל־זֹ֡את יִתְפַּלֵּ֬ל כָּל־חָסִ֨יד ׀ אֵלֶיךָ֮ לְעֵ֢ת מְ֫צֹ֥א רַ֗ק לְ֭שֵׁטֶף מַ֣יִם רַבִּ֑ים אֵ֝לָ֗יו לֹ֣א יַגִּֽיעוּ׃", "text": "*ʿal*-*zōʾt* *yitpallēl* *kol*-*ḥāsîḏ* *ʾēleḵā* *ləʿēt* *məṣōʾ* *raq* *ləšēṭeḕ* *mayim* *rabbîm* *ʾēlāyw* *lōʾ* *yaggîʿû*.", "grammar": { "*ʿal*-*zōʾt*": "preposition + feminine singular demonstrative pronoun - concerning this", "*yitpallēl*": "hitpael imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will pray", "*kol*-*ḥāsîḏ*": "noun construct + masculine singular noun - every godly one", "*ʾēleḵā*": "preposition *ʾel* with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to you", "*ləʿēt*": "preposition *lə-* + feminine singular construct noun - at time of", "*məṣōʾ*": "qal infinitive construct - finding", "*raq*": "adverb - surely/only", "*ləšēṭeḕ*": "preposition *lə-* + masculine singular construct noun - at/for flood of", "*mayim*": "masculine plural noun - waters", "*rabbîm*": "masculine plural adjective - many/great", "*ʾēlāyw*": "preposition *ʾel* with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to him", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yaggîʿû*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will reach" }, "variants": { "*ʿal*-*zōʾt*": "because of this/concerning this/therefore", "*yitpallēl*": "will pray/will intercede", "*ḥāsîḏ*": "godly one/faithful one/pious one/saint", "*ləʿēt* *məṣōʾ*": "at time of finding/at the time you may be found/at a time of accessibility", "*šēṭeḕ* *mayim* *rabbîm*": "flood of many waters/overflow of great waters" } }
- Ps 88:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Psalms.88.17", "source": "עָ֭לַי עָבְר֣וּ חֲרוֹנֶ֑יךָ בִּ֝עוּתֶ֗יךָ צִמְּתוּתֻֽנִי׃", "text": "Over-me *ʿāvərû* *ḥărônêkā* *biʿûtêkā* *ṣimmətûtunî*", "grammar": { "*ʿāvərû*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they pass over", "*ḥărônêkā*": "noun, masculine, plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your burning angers", "*biʿûtêkā*": "noun, masculine, plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your terrors", "*ṣimmətûtunî*": "verb, Piel perfect, 3rd person plural with 1st person singular suffix - they have destroyed me" }, "variants": { "*ʿāvərû*": "they pass over/sweep over/overwhelm", "*ḥărônêkā*": "your burning angers/fierce wrath/indignations", "*biʿûtêkā*": "your terrors/alarms/horrors", "*ṣimmətûtunî*": "they have destroyed me/cut me off/overwhelmed me/silenced me" } }
- Prov 17:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Proverbs.17.14", "source": "פּוֹטֵר מַיִם רֵאשִׁית מָדוֹן וְלִפְנֵי הִתְגַּלַּע הָרִיב נְטוֹשׁ", "text": "*pôṭēr* *mayim* *rē'šît* *mādôn* *wə-lipnê* *hitgalla'* *hārîb* *nəṭôš*", "grammar": { "*pôṭēr*": "participle, Qal - letting out/releasing", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - water", "*rē'šît*": "noun, feminine singular construct - beginning of", "*mādôn*": "noun, masculine singular - strife/dispute", "*wə-lipnê*": "conjunction + preposition + construct form - and before", "*hitgalla'*": "verb, Hithpael infinitive construct - being revealed/breaking out", "*hārîb*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the dispute", "*nəṭôš*": "verb, Qal imperative, masculine singular - leave/abandon" }, "variants": { "*pôṭēr*": "letting out/releasing/setting free", "*mayim*": "water/waters", "*rē'šît*": "beginning/first/start", "*mādôn*": "strife/contention/dispute", "*lipnê*": "before/ahead of", "*hitgalla'*": "being revealed/breaking out/erupting", "*rîb*": "dispute/quarrel/legal case", "*nəṭôš*": "leave/abandon/drop" } }
- Prov 22:28 : 28 { "verseID": "Proverbs.22.28", "source": "אַל־תַּ֭סֵּג גְּב֣וּל עוֹלָ֑ם אֲשֶׁ֖ר עָשׂ֣וּ אֲבוֹתֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "Not *Tassēg* *gĕbûl* *'ôlām* which *'āśû* *'ăbôTeKā*.", "grammar": { "Not": "negative particle with jussive, *'al* - do not", "*Tassēg*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect jussive, 2nd person masculine singular - you move/remove", "*gĕbûl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - boundary of", "*'ôlām*": "noun, masculine singular - ancient time/antiquity", "which": "relative pronoun, *'ăšer* - which/that", "*'āśû*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they made/established", "*'ăbôTeKā*": "noun with pronominal suffix, masculine plural - your fathers" }, "variants": { "*Tassēg*": "remove/move back/displace", "*gĕbûl*": "boundary/border/territory", "*'ôlām*": "ancient/long-lasting/eternal", "*'āśû*": "made/set/established", "*'ăbôTeKā*": "your fathers/your ancestors/your forefathers" } }
- Ezek 7:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.7.8", "source": "עַתָּ֣ה מִקָּר֗וֹב אֶשְׁפּ֤וֹךְ חֲמָתִי֙ עָלַ֔יִךְ וְכִלֵּיתִ֤י אַפִּי֙ בָּ֔ךְ וּשְׁפַטְתִּ֖יךְ כִּדְרָכָ֑יִךְ וְנָתַתִּ֣י עָלַ֔יִךְ אֵ֖ת כָּל־תּוֹעֲבוֹתָֽיִךְ׃", "text": "*ʿattāh* *mi-qārôḇ* *ʾešpôk* *ḥămāṯî* *ʿālayik* *wə-killêṯî* *ʾappî* *bāk* *û-šəp̱aṭtîk* *ki-ḏərākāyik* *wə-nāṯattî* *ʿālayik* *ʾēṯ* *kol*-*tôʿăḇôṯāyik*", "grammar": { "*ʿattāh*": "adverb - now", "*mi-qārôḇ*": "preposition + adjective, masculine singular - from near/shortly", "*ʾešpôk*": "qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will pour out", "*ḥămāṯî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st singular suffix - my wrath", "*ʿālayik*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - upon you", "*wə-killêṯî*": "conjunction + piel perfect, 1st singular - and I will spend/complete", "*ʾappî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st singular suffix - my anger", "*bāk*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - against you", "*û-šəp̱aṭtîk*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 1st singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - and I will judge you", "*ki-ḏərākāyik*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - according to your ways", "*wə-nāṯattî*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 1st singular - and I will put/place", "*ʿālayik*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - upon you", "*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker", "*kol*-*tôʿăḇôṯāyik*": "construct + noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - all your abominations" }, "variants": { "*ʾešpôk*": "pour out/spill/shed", "*ḥămāṯî*": "wrath/fury/rage", "*killêṯî*": "spend/complete/exhaust/fulfill", "*ʾappî*": "anger/nose/wrath", "*tôʿăḇôṯāyik*": "abominations/detestable things/offenses" } }
- Matt 7:27 : 27 { "verseID": "Matthew.7.27", "source": "Καὶ κατέβη ἡ βροχὴ, καὶ ἦλθον οἱ ποταμοὶ, καὶ ἔπνευσαν οἱ ἄνεμοι, καὶ προσέκοψαν τῇ οἰκίᾳ ἐκείνῃ· καὶ ἔπεσεν: καὶ ἦν ἡ πτῶσις αὐτῆς μεγάλη.", "text": "And *katebē* the *brochē*, and *ēlthon* the *potamoi*, and *epneusan* the *anemoi*, and *prosekopsan* against the *oikia* that; and it *epesen*: and was the *ptōsis* of it *megalē*.", "grammar": { "*katebē*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - came down/descended", "*brochē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - rain", "*ēlthon*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - came/arrived", "*potamoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - rivers/streams/floods", "*epneusan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - blew", "*anemoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - winds", "*prosekopsan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - struck against/beat against", "*oikia*": "dative, feminine, singular - house/dwelling", "*epesen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - fell/collapsed", "*ptōsis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - fall/collapse", "*megalē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - great/large" }, "variants": { "*katebē*": "came down/descended/fell", "*brochē*": "rain/shower/downpour", "*potamoi*": "rivers/streams/floods", "*epneusan*": "blew/breathed", "*prosekopsan*": "struck against/beat against/dashed against", "*ptōsis*": "fall/collapse/ruin", "*megalē*": "great/large/mighty/severe" } }
- Luke 6:49 : 49 { "verseID": "Luke.6.49", "source": "Ὁ δὲ ἀκούσας, καὶ μὴ ποιήσας, ὅμοιός ἐστιν ἀνθρώπῳ οἰκοδομήσαντι οἰκίαν ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν χωρὶς θεμελίου· ᾗ προσέρρηξεν ὁ ποταμός, καὶ εὐθέως έπεσεν· καὶ ἐγένετο τὸ ῥῆγμα τῆς οἰκίας ἐκείνης μέγα.", "text": "The *de akousas*, and not *poiēsas*, *homoios estin anthrōpō oikodomēsanti oikian* upon the *gēn chōris themeliou*; to which *proserēxen* the *potamos*, and *eutheōs epesen*; and *egeneto* the *rēgma* of the *oikias ekeinēs mega*.", "grammar": { "*de*": "conjunction - but/and", "*akousas*": "aorist participle, nominative, masculine, singular, active - having heard", "*poiēsas*": "aorist participle, nominative, masculine, singular, active - having done", "*homoios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - like/similar", "*estin*": "present, 3rd person singular, indicative, active - is", "*anthrōpō*": "dative, masculine, singular - man/person", "*oikodomēsanti*": "aorist participle, dative, masculine, singular, active - having built", "*oikian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - house", "*gēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - earth/ground", "*chōris*": "preposition + genitive - without", "*themeliou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - foundation", "*proserēxen*": "aorist, 3rd person singular, indicative, active - burst against", "*potamos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - river", "*eutheōs*": "adverb - immediately", "*epesen*": "aorist, 3rd person singular, indicative, active - fell", "*egeneto*": "aorist, 3rd person singular, indicative, middle - became", "*rēgma*": "nominative, neuter, singular - ruin/collapse", "*oikias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of house", "*ekeinēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - that", "*mega*": "nominative, neuter, singular - great" }, "variants": { "*akousas*": "having heard/listened to", "*poiēsas*": "having done/performed/carried out", "*homoios*": "like/similar/resembling", "*anthrōpō*": "man/person/human", "*oikodomēsanti*": "having built/constructed", "*oikian*": "house/dwelling/home", "*gēn*": "earth/ground/soil", "*chōris*": "without/apart from", "*themeliou*": "foundation/base", "*proserēxen*": "burst against/dashed against/rushed upon", "*potamos*": "river/stream/flood", "*eutheōs*": "immediately/at once", "*epesen*": "fell/collapsed/fell down", "*egeneto*": "became/happened/came to be", "*rēgma*": "ruin/collapse/destruction", "*mega*": "great/large/mighty" } }
- 2 Kgs 16:7-9 : 7 { "verseID": "2 Kings.16.7", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלַ֨ח אָחָ֜ז מַלְאָכִ֗ים אֶל־תִּ֠גְלַת פְּלֶ֤סֶר מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁוּר֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר עַבְדְּךָ֥ וּבִנְךָ֖ אָ֑נִי עֲלֵ֨ה וְהוֹשִׁעֵ֜נִי מִכַּ֣ף מֶֽלֶךְ־אֲרָ֗ם וּמִכַּף֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל הַקּוֹמִ֖ים עָלָֽי", "text": "*wayyišlaḥ* *ʾāḥāz* *malʾāḵîm* to *tiḡlaṯ* *pəleser* *meleḵ*-*ʾaššûr* *lēmōr* *ʿaḇdəḵā* and *ḇinḵā* I *ʿălēh* and *hôšîʿēnî* from *kap* *meleḵ*-*ʾărām* and from *kap* *meleḵ* *yiśrāʾēl* *haqqômîm* against me", "grammar": { "*wayyišlaḥ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he sent", "*ʾāḥāz*": "proper name - Ahaz", "*malʾāḵîm*": "masculine plural noun - messengers", "*tiḡlaṯ* *pəleser*": "proper name - Tiglath-Pileser", "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular construct - king of", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper name - Assyria", "*lēmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*ʿaḇdəḵā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your servant", "*ḇinḵā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your son", "*ʿălēh*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - go up", "*hôšîʿēnî*": "Hiphil imperative, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - save me", "*kap*": "feminine singular construct - hand/palm of", "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular construct - king of", "*ʾărām*": "proper name - Aram/Syria", "*kap*": "feminine singular construct - hand/palm of", "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular construct - king of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - Israel", "*haqqômîm*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine plural - the ones rising" }, "variants": { "*ʿaḇdəḵā* and *ḇinḵā* I": "I am your servant and your son (vassal relationship)", "*kap*": "hand/palm/power", "*haqqômîm* against me": "who are rising against me/attacking me" } } 8 { "verseID": "2 Kings.16.8", "source": "וַיִּקַּ֨ח אָחָ֜ז אֶת־הַכֶּ֣סֶף וְאֶת־הַזָּהָ֗ב הַנִּמְצָא֙ בֵּ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה וּבְאֹֽצְר֖וֹת בֵּ֣ית הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וַיִּשְׁלַ֥ח לְמֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁ֖וּר שֹֽׁחַד", "text": "*wayyiqqaḥ* *ʾāḥāz* *ʾeṯ*-*hakkeseḇ* and *ʾeṯ*-*hazzāhāḇ* *hannimṣāʾ* *bêṯ* *YHWH* and in *ʾôṣərôṯ* *bêṯ* *hammeleḵ* *wayyišlaḥ* to *meleḵ*-*ʾaššûr* *šōḥaḏ*", "grammar": { "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he took", "*ʾāḥāz*": "proper name - Ahaz", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*hakkeseḇ*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the silver", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*hazzāhāḇ*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the gold", "*hannimṣāʾ*": "definite article + Niphal participle, masculine singular - the found/the existing", "*bêṯ*": "masculine singular construct - house of", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾôṣərôṯ*": "masculine plural construct with prefix bet - in treasuries of", "*bêṯ*": "masculine singular construct - house of", "*hammeleḵ*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the king", "*wayyišlaḥ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he sent", "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular construct - king of", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper name - Assyria", "*šōḥaḏ*": "masculine singular noun - present/gift/bribe" }, "variants": { "*hakkeseḇ*": "silver/money", "*hazzāhāḇ*": "gold/treasure", "*šōḥaḏ*": "present/gift/bribe/tribute" } } 9 { "verseID": "2 Kings.16.9", "source": "וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ע אֵלָיו֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֔וּר וַיַּעַל֩ מֶ֨לֶךְ אַשּׁ֤וּר אֶל־דַּמֶּ֙שֶׂק֙ וַֽיִּתְפְּשֶׂ֔הָ וַיַּגְלֶ֖הָ קִ֑ירָה וְאֶת־רְצִ֖ין הֵמִֽית", "text": "*wayyišmaʿ* to him *meleḵ* *ʾaššûr* *wayyaʿal* *meleḵ* *ʾaššûr* to *dammeśeq* *wayyiṯpəśehā* *wayyaḡlehā* *qîrāh* and *ʾeṯ*-*rəṣîn* *hēmîṯ*", "grammar": { "*wayyišmaʿ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he listened/hearkened", "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular construct - king of", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper name - Assyria", "*wayyaʿal*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he went up", "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular construct - king of", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper name - Assyria", "*dammeśeq*": "proper name - Damascus", "*wayyiṯpəśehā*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - and he captured it", "*wayyaḡlehā*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - and he exiled it", "*qîrāh*": "proper name with directional hey - to Kir", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*rəṣîn*": "proper name - Rezin", "*hēmîṯ*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he killed" }, "variants": { "*wayyišmaʿ* to him": "listened to him/complied with his request/agreed with him", "*wayyiṯpəśehā*": "captured it/seized it", "*wayyaḡlehā*": "deported it/exiled it/carried it away" } }
- 2 Chr 28:16-22 : 16 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.28.16", "source": "בָּעֵ֣ת הַהִ֗יא שָׁלַ֞ח הַמֶּ֧לֶךְ אָחָ֛ז עַל־מַלְכֵ֥י אַשּׁ֖וּר לַעְזֹ֥ר לֽוֹ׃", "text": "*bāʿêt* *hahîʾ* *shālaḥ* *hammelek* *ʾĀḥāz* *ʿal*-*malḵê* *ʾAshshûr* *laʿzōr* *lô*", "grammar": { "*bāʿêt*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - in the time", "*hahîʾ*": "definite article + 3rd feminine singular pronoun - that", "*shālaḥ*": "3rd masculine singular qal perfect - he sent", "*hammelek*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the king", "*ʾĀḥāz*": "proper noun - Ahaz", "*ʿal*-*malḵê*": "preposition + masculine plural construct - to kings of", "*ʾAshshûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*laʿzōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to help", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - him" }, "variants": { "*ʿal*-*malḵê*": "to/for kings of (idiom for seeking help from)" } } 17 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.28.17", "source": "וְע֥וֹד אֲדוֹמִ֖ים בָּ֑אוּ וַיַּכּ֥וּ בִיהוּדָ֖ה וַיִּשְׁבּוּ־שֶֽׁבִי׃", "text": "*wəʿôd* *ʾĂdômîm* *bāʾû* *wayyakkû* *ḇîhûdāh* *wayyishbû*-*sheḇî*", "grammar": { "*wəʿôd*": "conjunction + adverb - and again/moreover", "*ʾĂdômîm*": "proper noun - Edomites", "*bāʾû*": "3rd masculine plural qal perfect - they came", "*wayyakkû*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine plural hiphil imperfect waw-consecutive - and they struck", "*ḇîhûdāh*": "preposition + proper noun - in Judah", "*wayyishbû*-*sheḇî*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine plural qal imperfect waw-consecutive + masculine singular noun - and they took captive captivity" }, "variants": { "*wayyishbû*-*sheḇî*": "took captives/carried off prisoners (emphatic construction)" } } 18 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.28.18", "source": "וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֣ים פָּשְׁט֗וּ בְּעָרֵ֨י הַשְּׁפֵלָ֣ה וְהַנֶּגֶב֮ לִֽיהוּדָה֒ וַֽ֠יִּלְכְּדוּ אֶת־בֵּֽית־שֶׁ֨מֶשׁ וְאֶת־אַיָּל֜וֹן וְאֶת־הַגְּדֵר֗וֹת וְאֶת־שׂוֹכ֤וֹ וּבְנוֹתֶ֙יהָ֙ וְאֶת־תִּמְנָ֣ה וּבְנוֹתֶ֔יהָ וְאֶת־גִּמְז֖וֹ וְאֶת־בְּנֹתֶ֑יהָ וַיֵּשְׁב֖וּ שָֽׁם׃", "text": "*ûPəlishtîm* *pāshəṭû* *bəʿārê* *hashshəpêlāh* *wəhannegeḇ* *lîhûdāh* *wayyilkədû* *ʾet*-*Bêt*-*shemesh* *wəʾet*-*ʾAyyālôn* *wəʾet*-*haGgədêrôt* *wəʾet*-*Śôḵô* *ûḇənôtehā* *wəʾet*-*Timnāh* *ûḇənôtehā* *wəʾet*-*Gimzô* *wəʾet*-*bənōtehā* *wayyêshəḇû* *shām*", "grammar": { "*ûPəlishtîm*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Philistines", "*pāshəṭû*": "3rd masculine plural qal perfect - they raided", "*bəʿārê*": "preposition + feminine plural construct - in cities of", "*hashshəpêlāh*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the lowland", "*wəhannegeḇ*": "conjunction + definite article + proper noun - and the Negev", "*lîhûdāh*": "preposition + proper noun - of/belonging to Judah", "*wayyilkədû*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine plural qal imperfect waw-consecutive - and they captured", "*ʾet*-*Bêt*-*shemesh*": "direct object marker + proper noun - Beth-shemesh", "*wəʾet*-*ʾAyyālôn*": "conjunction + direct object marker + proper noun - and Aijalon", "*wəʾet*-*haGgədêrôt*": "conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + proper noun - and Gederoth", "*wəʾet*-*Śôḵô*": "conjunction + direct object marker + proper noun - and Soco", "*ûḇənôtehā*": "conjunction + feminine plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and its daughters/surrounding villages", "*wəʾet*-*Timnāh*": "conjunction + direct object marker + proper noun - and Timnah", "*ûḇənôtehā*": "conjunction + feminine plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and its daughters/surrounding villages", "*wəʾet*-*Gimzô*": "conjunction + direct object marker + proper noun - and Gimzo", "*wəʾet*-*bənōtehā*": "conjunction + direct object marker + feminine plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and its daughters/surrounding villages", "*wayyêshəḇû*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine plural qal imperfect waw-consecutive - and they dwelt/settled", "*shām*": "adverb - there" }, "variants": { "*pāshəṭû*": "raided/spread out/made a raid", "*hashshəpêlāh*": "the lowland/foothills region", "*bənôtehā*": "its daughters/surrounding villages/settlements (metaphor for satellite towns)" } } 19 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.28.19", "source": "כִּֽי־הִכְנִ֤יעַ יְהוָה֙ אֶת־יְהוּדָ֔ה בַּעֲב֖וּר אָחָ֣ז מֶֽלֶךְ־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל כִּ֤י הִפְרִ֙יעַ֙ בִּֽיהוּדָ֔ה וּמָע֥וֹל מַ֖עַל בַּיהוָֽה׃", "text": "*kî*-*hiḵnîaʿ* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*Yəhûdāh* *baʿaḇûr* *ʾĀḥāz* *melek*-*Yiśrāʾêl* *kî* *hiprîaʿ* *bîhûdāh* *ûmāʿôl* *māʿal* *baYHWH*", "grammar": { "*kî*-*hiḵnîaʿ*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine singular hiphil perfect - for he humbled", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*ʾet*-*Yəhûdāh*": "direct object marker + proper noun - Judah", "*baʿaḇûr*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - because of", "*ʾĀḥāz*": "proper noun - Ahaz", "*melek*-*Yiśrāʾêl*": "masculine singular construct + proper noun - king of Israel", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*hiprîaʿ*": "3rd masculine singular hiphil perfect - he caused lawlessness", "*bîhûdāh*": "preposition + proper noun - in Judah", "*ûmāʿôl*": "conjunction + qal infinitive absolute - and acting treacherously", "*māʿal*": "3rd masculine singular qal perfect - he acted treacherously", "*baYHWH*": "preposition + divine name - against Yahweh" }, "variants": { "*hiḵnîaʿ*": "humbled/subdued/brought low", "*melek*-*Yiśrāʾêl*": "king of Israel (here referring to Judah as the true Israel)", "*hiprîaʿ*": "caused lawlessness/made naked/loosened restraint", "*māʿôl* *māʿal*": "acting treacherously acted treacherously (emphatic construction)" } } 20 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.28.20", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֣א עָלָ֔יו תִּלְּגַ֥ת פִּלְנְאֶ֖סֶר מֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֑וּר וַיָּ֥צַר ל֖וֹ וְלֹ֥א חֲזָֽקוֹ׃", "text": "*wayyāḇōʾ* *ʿālāyw* *Tilləgat* *Pilnəʾeser* *melek* *ʾAshshûr* *wayyāṣar* *lô* *wəlōʾ* *ḥazāqô*", "grammar": { "*wayyāḇōʾ*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine singular qal imperfect waw-consecutive - and he came", "*ʿālāyw*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - against him", "*Tilləgat* *Pilnəʾeser*": "proper noun - Tiglath-pileser", "*melek*": "masculine singular construct - king of", "*ʾAshshûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*wayyāṣar*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine singular qal imperfect waw-consecutive - and he distressed", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ḥazāqô*": "3rd masculine singular piel perfect + 3rd masculine singular suffix - he strengthened him" }, "variants": { "*wayyāṣar* *lô*": "distressed him/oppressed him/besieged him", "*ḥazāqô*": "strengthened him/supported him/helped him" } } 21 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.28.21", "source": "כִּֽי־חָלַ֤ק אָחָז֙ אֶת־בֵּ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה וְאֶת־בֵּ֥ית הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ וְהַשָּׂרִ֑ים וַיִּתֵּן֙ לְמֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֔וּר וְלֹ֥א לְעֶזְרָ֖ה לֽוֹ׃", "text": "*kî*-*ḥālaq* *ʾĀḥāz* *ʾet*-*bêt* *YHWH* *wəʾet*-*bêt* *hammelek* *wəhaśśārîm* *wayyittên* *ləmelek* *ʾAshshûr* *wəlōʾ* *ləʿezrāh* *lô*", "grammar": { "*kî*-*ḥālaq*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine singular qal perfect - for he divided/stripped", "*ʾĀḥāz*": "proper noun - Ahaz", "*ʾet*-*bêt*": "direct object marker + masculine singular construct - house of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*wəʾet*-*bêt*": "conjunction + direct object marker + masculine singular construct - and house of", "*hammelek*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the king", "*wəhaśśārîm*": "conjunction + definite article + masculine plural noun - and the princes/officials", "*wayyittên*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine singular qal imperfect waw-consecutive - and he gave", "*ləmelek*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - to king of", "*ʾAshshûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ləʿezrāh*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - for help", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him" }, "variants": { "*ḥālaq*": "divided/stripped/plundered/took a portion from" } } 22 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.28.22", "source": "וּבְעֵת֙ הָצֵ֣ר ל֔וֹ וַיּ֖וֹסֶף לִמְע֣וֹל בַּיהוָ֑ה ה֖וּא הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ אָחָֽז׃", "text": "*ûḇəʿêt* *hāṣêr* *lô* *wayyôsep* *limʿôl* *baYHWH* *hûʾ* *hammelek* *ʾĀḥāz*", "grammar": { "*ûḇəʿêt*": "conjunction + preposition + feminine singular construct - and in time of", "*hāṣêr*": "infinitive construct - the distressing", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*wayyôsep*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine singular hiphil imperfect waw-consecutive - and he added", "*limʿôl*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to act treacherously", "*baYHWH*": "preposition + divine name - against Yahweh", "*hûʾ*": "3rd masculine singular personal pronoun - he", "*hammelek*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the king", "*ʾĀḥāz*": "proper noun - Ahaz" }, "variants": { "*hāṣêr* *lô*": "his distress/when he was in distress/the pressuring against him", "*wayyôsep* *limʿôl*": "he continued/increased in his unfaithfulness/treachery" } }