Verse 11

{ "verseID": "Jeremiah.16.11", "source": "וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֲלֵיהֶ֗ם עַל֩ אֲשֶׁר־עָזְב֨וּ אֲבוֹתֵיכֶ֤ם אוֹתִי֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה וַיֵּלְכ֗וּ אַֽחֲרֵי֙ אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֔ים וַיַּעַבְד֖וּם וַיִּשְׁתַּחֲו֣וּ לָהֶ֑ם וְאֹתִ֣י עָזָ֔בוּ וְאֶת־תּוֹרָתִ֖י לֹ֥א שָׁמָֽרוּ׃", "text": "And-*ʾāmartā* to-them: Because *ʾăšer*-*ʿāzḇû* *ʾăḇôṯêḵem* *ʾôṯî* *nəʾum*-*YHWH* and-*wayyēləḵû* after *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* and-*wayyaʿaḇḏûm* and-*wayyištaḥăwû* to-them and-me *ʿāzāḇû* and-*ʾeṯ*-*tôrāṯî* not *šāmārû*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmartā*": "qal perfect with waw consecutive, 2nd masculine singular - and you shall say", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - that/which", "*ʿāzḇû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they forsook/abandoned", "*ʾăḇôṯêḵem*": "masculine plural noun + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your fathers", "*ʾôṯî*": "direct object marker + 1st person singular suffix - me", "*nəʾum*": "construct state, masculine singular - declaration of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*wayyēləḵû*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - and they went", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "masculine plural adjective - other/foreign", "*wayyaʿaḇḏûm*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and they served them", "*wayyištaḥăwû*": "hishtaphel imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - and they bowed down", "*ʿāzāḇû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they forsook/abandoned", "*tôrāṯî*": "feminine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my law/instruction", "*šāmārû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they kept/observed" }, "variants": { "*ʿāzaḇ*": "forsake/abandon/leave", "*tôrāh*": "law/instruction/teaching", "*šāmar*": "keep/observe/guard" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  Da skal du svare dem: Fordi deres fedre forlot meg, sier Herren. De fulgte andre guder, tjente og tilba dem. De forlot meg og holdt ikke min lov.

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Da skal du si til dem: Fordi deres fedre har forlatt meg, sier Herren, og har fulgt andre guder, tjent og tilbedt dem, og har forlatt meg, og ikke holdt min lov.

• Norsk King James

  Da skal du si til dem: Fordi deres fedre har forlatt meg, sier Herren, og vandret etter andre guder, og har tjent dem, og har tilbedt dem, og har forlatt meg og ikke holdt min lov.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  skal du si til dem: 'Fordi deres fedre forlot meg, sier Herren, gikk etter andre guder, tjente dem og tilba dem, og de forlot meg og holdt ikke mine lover.'

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  Da skal du si til dem: Fordi fedrene dere forlot meg, sier Herren, og de fulgte andre guder, tjente dem og tilbad dem, og de forlot meg og holdt ikke min lov.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Da skal du si til dem: Fordi deres fedre har forlatt meg, sier Herren, og har fulgt andre guder, tjent dem og tilbedt dem, og har forlatt meg, og ikke fulgt min lov.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  skal du svare dem: «Fordi deres fedre har forrådt meg, sier Herren, og fulgt andre guder. De tjente og tilbad dem, forlot meg og holdt ikke mitt lovverk;

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Da skal du si til dem: Fordi deres fedre har forlatt meg, sier Herren, og har fulgt andre guder, tjent dem og tilbedt dem, og har forlatt meg, og ikke fulgt min lov.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Da skal du si til dem: Fordi deres fedre forlot meg, sier Herren, og fulgte andre guder og tjente dem og tilba dem, og forlot meg, og holdt ikke min lov.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Then you are to answer them: 'It is because your ancestors abandoned Me,' declares the LORD, 'and followed other gods, served them, and worshiped them. But they abandoned Me and did not keep My law.

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  Da skal du si til dem: ‘Fordi deres fedre forlot Meg, sier Herren. De fulgte andre guder, tjente dem og tilba dem. De forlot Meg og holdt ikke Min lov.’

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  da skal du sige til dem: Fordi at eders Fædre forlode mig, siger Herren, og gik efter andre Guder og tjente dem og tilbade for dem, og de forlode mig og holdt ikke min Lov.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Then shalt thou say unto them, Because your fathers have forsaken me, saith the LORD, and have walked after other gods, and have served them, and have worshipped them, and have forsaken me, and have not kept my law;

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Da skal du si til dem: Fordi deres fedre har forlatt meg, sier Herren, og har fulgt andre guder, har tjent dem og tilbedt dem, og har forlatt meg og ikke holdt min lov;

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  Then you shall say to them, Because your fathers have forsaken me, says the LORD, and have walked after other gods, and have served them, and have worshiped them, and have forsaken me, and have not kept my law.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Then shalt thou say unto them, Because your fathers have forsaken me, saith the LORD, and have walked after other gods, and have served them, and have worshipped them, and have forsaken me, and have not kept my law;

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Så skal du si til dem: Fordi deres fedre har forlatt meg, sier Yahweh, og har fulgt andre guder, har tjent dem og tilbedt dem, og har forlatt meg, og har ikke holdt min lov;

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Da skal du svare dem: Fordi fedrene deres forlot meg, sier Herren, og fulgte andre guder og tjente dem, og tilbad dem, og de forlot meg og holdt ikke min lov,

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Da skal du si til dem: Fordi deres fedre har forlatt meg, sier Herren, og har fulgt andre guder, tjent dem og tilbedt dem, og forlatt meg og ikke holdt min lov.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Da skal du si til dem: Fordi deres fedre har forkastet meg, sier Herren, og de har fulgt andre guder og blitt deres tjenere og tilbedere, og de har forkastet meg og ikke holdt min lov;

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Then make thou them this answere: Because youre fathers haue forsaken me (saieth the LORDE) and haue cleued vnto straunge goddes, whom they haue honoured and worshipped: but me haue they forsake, and haue not kepte my lawe.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Then shalt thou say vnto them, Because your fathers haue forsaken me, sayth the Lord, & haue walked after other gods, and haue serued them, and worshipped them, & haue forsaken me, and haue not kept my Law,

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Then make thou them this aunswere: Because your fathers haue forsaken me, saith the Lorde, and haue walked after straunge gods, whom they honoured and worshipped: but me haue they forsaken, and haue not kept my lawe.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Then shalt thou say unto them, Because your fathers have forsaken me, saith the LORD, and have walked after other gods, and have served them, and have worshipped them, and have forsaken me, and have not kept my law;

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Then shall you tell them, Because your fathers have forsaken me, says Yahweh, and have walked after other gods, and have served them, and have worshiped them, and have forsaken me, and have not kept my law;

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  Then thou hast said unto them: Because that your fathers have forsaken Me, An affirmation of Jehovah, And go after other gods, and serve them, And they bow themselves to them, And Me have forsaken, and My law not kept,

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Then shalt thou say unto them, Because your fathers have forsaken me, saith Jehovah, and have walked after other gods, and have served them, and have worshipped them, and have forsaken me, and have not kept my law;

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Then you will say to them, Because your fathers have given me up, says the Lord, and have gone after other gods and become their servants and their worshippers, and have given me up and have not kept my law;

• World English Bible (2000)

  Then you shall tell them, Because your fathers have forsaken me, says Yahweh, and have walked after other gods, and have served them, and have worshiped them, and have forsaken me, and have not kept my law;

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Then tell them that the LORD says,‘It is because your ancestors rejected me and paid allegiance to other gods. They have served them and worshiped them. But they have rejected me and not obeyed my law.

Referenced Verses

• Ps 106:35-41 : 35 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.35", "source": "וַיִּתְעָרְב֥וּ בַגּוֹיִ֑ם וַֽ֝יִּלְמְד֗וּ מַֽעֲשֵׂיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*wayyit'ārəbū* among-*gōyim* *wayyilmədū* *ma'ăśêhem*", "grammar": { "*wayyit'ārəbū*": "hithpael imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they mingled", "*gōyim*": "noun, masculine, plural - nations", "*wayyilmədū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they learned", "*ma'ăśêhem*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, plural - their works" }, "variants": { "*wayyit'ārəbū*": "and they mingled/mixed/intermarried", "*gōyim*": "nations/peoples/gentiles", "*wayyilmədū*": "and they learned/were taught/studied", "*ma'ăśêhem*": "their works/deeds/practices" } } 36 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.36", "source": "וַיַּעַבְד֥וּ אֶת־עֲצַבֵּיהֶ֑ם וַיִּהְי֖וּ לָהֶ֣ם לְמוֹקֵֽשׁ׃", "text": "*wayya'abdū* *'et*-*'ăṣabbêhem* *wayyihyū* to-them to-*mōqēš*", "grammar": { "*wayya'abdū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they served", "*'ăṣabbêhem*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, plural - their idols", "*wayyihyū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they became", "*mōqēš*": "noun, masculine, singular - snare" }, "variants": { "*wayya'abdū*": "and they served/worshiped/worked for", "*'ăṣabbêhem*": "their idols/graven images/carved figures", "*wayyihyū*": "and they became/were/existed", "*mōqēš*": "snare/trap/bait" } } 37 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.37", "source": "וַיִּזְבְּח֣וּ אֶת־בְּ֭נֵיהֶם וְאֶת־בְּנֽוֹתֵיהֶ֗ם לַשֵּֽׁדִים׃", "text": "*wayyizbəḥū* *'et*-*bənêhem* and-*'et*-*bənōtêhem* to-*šēdîm*", "grammar": { "*wayyizbəḥū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they sacrificed", "*bənêhem*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, plural - their sons", "*bənōtêhem*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, feminine, plural - their daughters", "*šēdîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - demons" }, "variants": { "*wayyizbəḥū*": "and they sacrificed/slaughtered/offered", "*bənêhem*": "their sons/male children", "*bənōtêhem*": "their daughters/female children", "*šēdîm*": "demons/evil spirits/false gods" } } 38 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.38", "source": "וַיִּֽשְׁפְּכ֨וּ דָ֪ם נָקִ֡י דַּם־בְּנֵ֘יהֶ֤ם וּֽבְנוֹתֵיהֶ֗ם אֲשֶׁ֣ר זִ֭בְּחוּ לַעֲצַבֵּ֣י כְנָ֑עַן וַתֶּחֱנַ֥ף הָ֝אָ֗רֶץ בַּדָּמִֽים׃", "text": "*wayyišpəkū* *dām* *nāqî* *dam*-*bənêhem* and-*bənōtêhem* which *zibəḥū* to-*'ăṣabbê* *Kənā'an* *watteḥĕnaf* *hā'āreṣ* with-*dāmîm*", "grammar": { "*wayyišpəkū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they shed", "*dām*": "noun, masculine, singular - blood", "*nāqî*": "adjective, masculine, singular - innocent", "*dam*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - blood of", "*bənêhem*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, plural - their sons", "*bənōtêhem*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, feminine, plural - their daughters", "*zibəḥū*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they sacrificed", "*'ăṣabbê*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - idols of", "*Kənā'an*": "proper noun - Canaan", "*watteḥĕnaf*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular - and it was polluted", "*hā'āreṣ*": "article + noun, feminine, singular - the land", "*dāmîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - blood" }, "variants": { "*wayyišpəkū*": "and they shed/poured out/spilled", "*dām*": "blood/bloodshed", "*nāqî*": "innocent/blameless/free from guilt", "*zibəḥū*": "they sacrificed/slaughtered/offered", "*'ăṣabbê*": "idols of/graven images of", "*watteḥĕnaf*": "and it was polluted/defiled/profaned", "*hā'āreṣ*": "the land/earth/ground", "*dāmîm*": "blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt" } } 39 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.39", "source": "וַיִּטְמְא֥וּ בְמַעֲשֵׂיהֶ֑ם וַ֝יִּזְנ֗וּ בְּמַ֥עַלְלֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*wayyiṭmə'ū* in-*ma'ăśêhem* *wayyiznū* in-*ma'alələlêhem*", "grammar": { "*wayyiṭmə'ū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they became unclean", "*ma'ăśêhem*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, plural - their works", "*wayyiznū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they played the harlot", "*ma'alələlêhem*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, plural - their deeds" }, "variants": { "*wayyiṭmə'ū*": "and they became unclean/were defiled/were made impure", "*ma'ăśêhem*": "their works/deeds/actions", "*wayyiznū*": "and they played the harlot/were unfaithful/prostituted themselves", "*ma'alələlêhem*": "their deeds/acts/practices" } } 40 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.40", "source": "וַיִּֽחַר־אַ֣ף יְהוָ֣ה בְּעַמּ֑וֹ וַ֝יְתָעֵ֗ב אֶת־נַחֲלָתֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wayyiḥar*-*'af* *YHWH* in-*'ammō* *wayətā'ēb* *'et*-*naḥălātō*", "grammar": { "*wayyiḥar*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and it burned", "*'af*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - anger of", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*'ammō*": "noun + 3rd person suffix, masculine, singular - his people", "*wayətā'ēb*": "piel imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he abhorred", "*naḥălātō*": "noun + 3rd person suffix, feminine, singular - his inheritance" }, "variants": { "*wayyiḥar*": "and it burned/kindled/was hot", "*'af*": "anger/nose/wrath", "*'ammō*": "his people/folk/nation", "*wayətā'ēb*": "and he abhorred/detested/loathed", "*naḥălātō*": "his inheritance/heritage/possession" } } 41 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.41", "source": "וַיִּתְּנֵ֥ם בְּיַד־גּוֹיִ֑ם וַֽיִּמְשְׁל֥וּ בָ֝הֶ֗ם שֹׂנְאֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*wayyittənēm* in-hand-of-*gōyim* *wayyimšəlū* in-them *śōnə'êhem*", "grammar": { "*wayyittənēm*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person plural suffix - and he gave them", "*gōyim*": "noun, masculine, plural - nations", "*wayyimšəlū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they ruled", "*śōnə'êhem*": "qal participle + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, plural - their haters" }, "variants": { "*wayyittənēm*": "and he gave them/delivered them/handed them over", "*gōyim*": "nations/peoples/gentiles", "*wayyimšəlū*": "and they ruled/had dominion/controlled", "*śōnə'êhem*": "their haters/those who hate them/their enemies" } }
• Jer 5:7-9 : 7 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.5.7", "source": "אֵ֤י לָזֹאת֙ אֶֽסְלַֽח־לָ֔ךְ בָּנַ֣יִךְ עֲזָב֔וּנִי וַיִּשָּׁבְע֖וּ בְּלֹ֣א אֱלֹהִ֑ים וָאַשְׂבִּ֤עַ אוֹתָם֙ וַיִּנְאָ֔פוּ וּבֵ֥ית זוֹנָ֖ה יִתְגֹּדָֽדוּ׃", "text": "*'ê* for this *'eslaḥ*-to you? Your *bānayik* *'ăzābûnî* and they *wayyiššābə'û* by not *'ĕlōhîm*; and I *wā'aśbîa'* them, and they *wayyinə'āpû*, and house of *zônâ* they *yitgōdādû*.", "grammar": { "*'ê*": "interrogative - how?", "*lāzō't*": "preposition + demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - for this", "*'eslaḥ*": "imperfect, 1st singular - I will forgive", "*lāk*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - to you", "*bānayik*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sons/children", "*'ăzābûnî*": "perfect, 3rd plural + 1st singular suffix - they forsook me", "*wa*": "conjunction - and", "*yiššābə'û*": "imperfect, 3rd plural, niphal - they swore", "*bə*": "preposition - by/with", "*lō'*": "negative particle - not", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God/gods", "*'aśbîa'*": "imperfect, 1st singular, hiphil - I satisfied/filled", "*'ôtām*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine plural suffix - them", "*yinə'āpû*": "imperfect, 3rd plural, qal - they committed adultery", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*zônâ*": "participle, feminine singular, qal - prostitute/harlot", "*yitgōdādû*": "imperfect, 3rd plural, hithpael - they gathered themselves" }, "variants": { "*'ê*": "how?/where?", "*'eslaḥ*": "I will forgive/pardon", "*'ăzābûnî*": "they forsook me/abandoned me/left me", "*wayyiššābə'û*": "they swore/took oath", "*wā'aśbîa'*": "I satisfied/filled/made content", "*wayyinə'āpû*": "they committed adultery/were unfaithful", "*zônâ*": "prostitute/harlot", "*yitgōdādû*": "they gathered themselves/crowded together/cut themselves" } } 8 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.5.8", "source": "סוּסִ֥ים מְיֻזָּנִ֖ים מַשְׁכִּ֣ים הָי֑וּ אִ֛ישׁ אֶל־אֵ֥שֶׁת רֵעֵ֖הוּ יִצְהָֽלוּ׃", "text": "*sûsîm* *məyuzzānîm* *maškîm* they *hāyû*; *'îš* to-*'ēšet* his *rē'ēhû* they *yiṣhālû*.", "grammar": { "*sûsîm*": "noun, masculine plural - horses", "*məyuzzānîm*": "participle, masculine plural, pual - well-fed/lusty", "*maškîm*": "participle, masculine plural, hiphil - rising early", "*hāyû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they were", "*'îš*": "noun, masculine singular - man/each one", "*'el*": "preposition - to/toward", "*'ēšet*": "noun, feminine singular construct - wife of", "*rē'ēhû*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his neighbor/friend", "*yiṣhālû*": "imperfect, 3rd plural - they neigh" }, "variants": { "*məyuzzānîm*": "well-fed/lusty/stallions", "*maškîm*": "rising early/eager", "*yiṣhālû*": "they neigh/lust after/desire" } } 9 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.5.9", "source": "הַֽעַל־אֵ֥לֶּה לוֹא־אֶפְקֹ֖ד נְאֻם־יְהֹוָ֑ה וְאִם֙ בְּג֣וֹי אֲשֶׁר־כָּזֶ֔ה לֹ֥א תִתְנַקֵּ֖ם נַפְשִֽׁי׃ ס", "text": "?Upon-these not-*'epqōd* *nə'um*-*YHWH*; and if by *gôy* that-like this not *titnaqēm* my *napšî*.", "grammar": { "*ha*": "interrogative prefix - ?", "*'al*": "preposition - upon/for", "*'ēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*lō'*": "negative particle - not", "*'epqōd*": "imperfect, 1st singular - I will visit/punish", "*nə'um*": "construct noun - declaration/utterance of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*'im*": "conditional particle - if", "*bə*": "preposition - in/by", "*gôy*": "noun, masculine singular - nation", "*'ăšer*": "relative pronoun - that/which", "*kāzeh*": "preposition + demonstrative pronoun - like this", "*lō'*": "negative particle - not", "*titnaqēm*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine singular, hithpael - she will avenge herself", "*napšî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st singular suffix - my soul" }, "variants": { "*'epqōd*": "I will visit/punish/take account", "*nə'um*": "declaration/utterance/oracle", "*titnaqēm*": "avenge herself/take vengeance", "*napšî*": "my soul/self/being" } }
• Jer 8:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.8.2", "source": "וּשְׁטָחוּם֩ לַשֶּׁ֨מֶשׁ וְלַיָּרֵ֜חַ וּלְכֹ֣ל ׀ צְבָ֣א הַשָּׁמַ֗יִם אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲהֵב֜וּם וַאֲשֶׁ֤ר עֲבָדוּם֙ וַֽאֲשֶׁר֙ הָלְכ֣וּ אַֽחֲרֵיהֶ֔ם וַאֲשֶׁ֣ר דְּרָשׁ֔וּם וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר הִֽשְׁתַּחֲו֖וּ לָהֶ֑ם לֹ֤א יֵאָֽסְפוּ֙ וְלֹ֣א יִקָּבֵ֔רוּ לְדֹ֛מֶן עַל־פְּנֵ֥י הָאֲדָמָ֖ה יִֽהְיֽוּ׃", "text": "And-they shall *šᵊṭāḥûm* to-the-*šemeš* and-to-the-*yārēaḥ* and-to-*kōl* *ṣᵊbāʾ* the-*šāmayim* which they *ʾăhēbûm* and-which they *ʿăbādûm* and-which they *hālᵊkû* *ʾaḥărêhem* and-which they *dᵊrāšûm* and-which they *hištaḥăwû* to-them. Not they shall *yēʾāsᵊpû* and-not they shall *yiqqābērû*; for-*dōmen* upon-*pᵊnê* the-*ʾădāmāh* they shall *yihyû*.", "grammar": { "*šᵊṭāḥûm*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - they will spread them out", "*šemeš*": "noun with definite article - the sun", "*yārēaḥ*": "noun with definite article - the moon", "*kōl*": "construct state - all of/entirety of", "*ṣᵊbāʾ*": "construct state - host/army of", "*šāmayim*": "noun with definite article - the heavens/sky", "*ʾăhēbûm*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - they loved them", "*ʿăbādûm*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - they served them", "*hālᵊkû*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural - they walked/went", "*ʾaḥărêhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - after them", "*dᵊrāšûm*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - they sought them", "*hištaḥăwû*": "hitpael perfect 3rd person plural - they bowed down/prostrated themselves", "*yēʾāsᵊpû*": "niphal imperfect 3rd person plural - they will be gathered", "*yiqqābērû*": "niphal imperfect 3rd person plural - they will be buried", "*dōmen*": "noun - dung/manure", "*pᵊnê*": "construct plural of *pānîm* - face/surface of", "*ʾădāmāh*": "noun with definite article - the ground/earth/land", "*yihyû*": "qal imperfect 3rd person plural - they will be" }, "variants": { "*šᵊṭāḥûm*": "spread out/scatter/expose", "*šemeš*": "sun/sunlight", "*yārēaḥ*": "moon/month", "*ṣᵊbāʾ*": "host/army/assemblage", "*šāmayim*": "heavens/sky", "*ʾăhēbûm*": "loved/desired/preferred them", "*ʿăbādûm*": "served/worked for/worshipped them", "*hālᵊkû*": "walked/went/followed", "*dᵊrāšûm*": "sought/inquired of/consulted them", "*hištaḥăwû*": "bowed down/prostrated/worshipped", "*dōmen*": "dung/manure/refuse", "*pᵊnê*": "face/surface/presence" } }
• Deut 29:25-26 : 25 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.29.25", "source": "וַיֵּלְכ֗וּ וַיַּֽעַבְדוּ֙ אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֔ים וַיִּֽשְׁתַּחֲוּ֖וּ לָהֶ֑ם אֱלֹהִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא־יְדָע֔וּם וְלֹ֥א חָלַ֖ק לָהֶֽם׃", "text": "And-*yēlᵉḵû* and-*yaʿabdû* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* and-*yištaḥăwû* to-them, *ʾĕlōhîm* that not-*yᵉdāʿûm* and-not *ḥālaq* to-them.", "grammar": { "*yēlᵉḵû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - and they went", "*yaʿabdû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - and they served", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "adjective masculine plural - other", "*yištaḥăwû*": "Hishtaphel imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - and they bowed down", "*yᵉdāʿûm*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - they knew them", "*ḥālaq*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he allotted" }, "variants": { "*yēlᵉḵû*": "they went/followed/walked", "*yaʿabdû*": "they served/worshiped/worked for", "*yištaḥăwû*": "they bowed down/prostrated/worshiped", "*ḥālaq*": "allotted/assigned/apportioned" } } 26 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.29.26", "source": "וַיִּֽחַר־אַ֥ף יְהוָ֖ה בָּאָ֣רֶץ הַהִ֑וא לְהָבִ֤יא עָלֶ֙יהָ֙ אֶת־כָּל־הַקְּלָלָ֔ה הַכְּתוּבָ֖ה בַּסֵּ֥פֶר הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "And-*yiḥar*-*ʾap̄* *YHWH* against-the-*ʾāreṣ* the-that to-*hābîʾ* upon-it *ʾet*-all-the-*qᵉlālāh* the-*kᵉtûbāh* in-the-*sēp̄er* the-*zeh*.", "grammar": { "*yiḥar*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and it burned", "*ʾap̄*": "noun masculine singular construct - anger of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular - land", "*hābîʾ*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to bring", "*qᵉlālāh*": "noun feminine singular - curse", "*kᵉtûbāh*": "Qal passive participle feminine singular - written", "*sēp̄er*": "noun masculine singular - book/scroll", "*zeh*": "demonstrative adjective masculine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*yiḥar*": "burned/was kindled/became hot", "*ʾap̄*": "anger/nose/wrath", "*hābîʾ*": "to bring/cause to come", "*qᵉlālāh*": "curse/imprecation/execration" } }
• 1 Kgs 9:9 : 9 { "verseID": "1 Kings.9.9", "source": "וְאָמְר֗וּ עַל֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר עָזְב֜וּ אֶת־יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֗ם אֲשֶׁ֨ר הוֹצִ֣יא אֶת־אֲבֹתָם֮ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַיִם֒ וַֽיַּחֲזִ֙קוּ֙ בֵּאלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֔ים וַיִּשְׁתַּחֲו֥וּ לָהֶ֖ם וַיַּעֲבְדֻ֑ם עַל־כֵּ֗ן הֵבִ֤יא יְהוָה֙ עֲלֵיהֶ֔ם אֵ֥ת כָּל־הָרָעָ֖ה הַזֹּֽאת׃ פ", "text": "And *wəʾāmərû*, because *ʾăšer* they *ʿāzəbû* *ʾet*-*YHWH* their-*ʾĕlōhêhem*, who *hôṣîʾ* *ʾet*-their-*ʾăbōtām* from-*ʾereṣ* *miṣrayim*, and *wayyaḥăzîqû* to-*ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* and *wayyištaḥăwû* to-them and *wayyaʿabdûm*; therefore *hēbîʾ* *YHWH* upon-them *ʾēt* all-the-*rāʿāh* the-*zōʾt*.", "grammar": { "*wəʾāmərû*": "waw consecutive + qal perfect 3mp - and they will say", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - because/that", "*ʿāzəbû*": "qal perfect 3mp - they forsook", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 3mp suffix - their God", "*hôṣîʾ*": "hiphil perfect 3ms - he brought out", "*ʾăbōtām*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 3mp suffix - their fathers", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*wayyaḥăzîqû*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3mp - and they held fast", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - other", "*wayyištaḥăwû*": "waw consecutive + hishtaphel imperfect 3mp - and they bowed down", "*wayyaʿabdûm*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3mp + 3mp suffix - and they served them", "*hēbîʾ*": "hiphil perfect 3ms - he brought", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*rāʿāh*": "noun, feminine singular with article - the evil/calamity", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative adjective, feminine - this" }, "variants": { "*ʿāzəbû*": "they forsook/abandoned/left", "*hôṣîʾ*": "he brought out/led out/delivered", "*wayyaḥăzîqû*": "and they held fast to/seized/embraced", "*ʾĕlōhîm ʾăḥērîm*": "other gods/foreign deities", "*wayyištaḥăwû*": "and they bowed down to/worshiped/prostrated themselves", "*wayyaʿabdûm*": "and they served/worshiped them", "*rāʿāh*": "evil/calamity/disaster" } }
• Neh 9:26-29 : 26 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.26", "source": "וַיַּמְר֨וּ וַֽיִּמְרְד֜וּ בָּ֗ךְ וַיַּשְׁלִ֤כוּ אֶת־תּוֹרָֽתְךָ֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י גַוָּ֔ם וְאֶת־נְבִיאֶ֣יךָ הָרָ֔גוּ אֲשֶׁר־הֵעִ֥ידוּ בָ֖ם לַהֲשִׁיבָ֣ם אֵלֶ֑יךָ וֽ͏ַיַּעֲשׂ֔וּ נֶאָצ֖וֹת גְּדוֹלֹֽת׃", "text": "*wə-yamrū* *wə-yimrəḏū* in-you, *wə-yašlīḵū* *ʾēṯ*-*tôrāṯəḵā* behind *gawām*, *wə-ʾēṯ*-*nəḇīʾêḵā* they-*hārāḡū* who-*hēʿîḏû* in-them *ləhăšîḇām* to-you, *wə-yaʿăśû* *neʾāṣôṯ* *gəḏôlōṯ*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yamrū*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person plural - and they rebelled/were disobedient", "*wə-yimrəḏū*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person plural - and they rebelled/were rebellious", "*bāḵ*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - against you", "*wə-yašlīḵū*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 3rd person plural - and they cast/threw", "*ʾēṯ-tôrāṯəḵā*": "direct object marker + feminine singular noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your law/instruction", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - behind/after", "*gawām*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their back", "*wə-ʾēṯ-nəḇīʾêḵā*": "conjunction + direct object marker + masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and your prophets", "*hārāḡū*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they killed", "*ʾăšer-hēʿîḏû*": "relative pronoun + Hiphil perfect 3rd person plural - who testified/warned", "*bām*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - against them", "*ləhăšîḇām*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to return/bring them back", "*ʾēlêḵā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to you", "*wə-yaʿăśû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person plural - and they did/made", "*neʾāṣôṯ*": "feminine plural noun - contemptuous/despicable acts", "*gəḏôlōṯ*": "feminine plural adjective - great/large" }, "variants": { "*yamrū*": "rebelled/disobeyed/were contentious", "*yimrəḏū*": "rebelled/revolted/were insubordinate", "*yašlīḵū*": "cast/threw/hurled away", "*tôrāṯəḵā*": "law/instruction/teaching", "*gawām*": "back/body/middle", "*nəḇīʾêḵā*": "prophets/seers/messengers", "*hārāḡū*": "killed/slew/murdered", "*hēʿîḏû*": "testified/warned/admonished", "*ləhăšîḇām*": "to return them/to bring them back/to restore them", "*neʾāṣôṯ*": "contemptuous acts/despicable deeds/blasphemies" } } 27 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.27", "source": "וַֽתִּתְּנֵם֙ בְּיַ֣ד צָֽרֵיהֶ֔ם וַיָּצֵ֖רוּ לָהֶ֑ם וּבְעֵ֤ת צָֽרָתָם֙ יִצְעֲק֣וּ אֵלֶ֔יךָ וְאַתָּה֙ מִשָּׁמַ֣יִם תִּשְׁמָ֔ע וּֽכְרַחֲמֶ֣יךָ הָֽרַבִּ֗ים תִּתֵּ֤ן לָהֶם֙ מֽוֹשִׁיעִ֔ים וְיוֹשִׁיע֖וּם מִיַּ֥ד צָרֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*wə-tittənēm* in-*yaḏ* *ṣārêhem* *wə-yāṣērû* to-them, *û-ḇə-ʿēṯ* *ṣārāṯām* they-*yiṣʿăqû* to-you, *wə-ʾattāh* from-*šāmayim* *tišmāʿ*, *û-ḵə-raḥămêḵā* *hā-rabbîm* you-*tittēn* to-them *môšîʿîm* *wə-yôšîʿûm* from-*yaḏ* *ṣārêhem*.", "grammar": { "*wə-tittənēm*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and you gave them", "*yaḏ*": "construct state feminine singular noun - hand of", "*ṣārêhem*": "masculine plural participle + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their adversaries/enemies", "*wə-yāṣērû*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 3rd person plural - and they distressed/oppressed", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to/for them", "*û-ḇə-ʿēṯ*": "conjunction + preposition + feminine singular construct noun - and in time of", "*ṣārāṯām*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their distress/trouble", "*yiṣʿăqû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person plural - they cried out", "*ʾēlêḵā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to you", "*wə-ʾattāh*": "conjunction + 2nd person masculine singular pronoun - and you", "*mi-šāmayim*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - from heaven", "*tišmāʿ*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you heard/would hear", "*û-ḵə-raḥămêḵā*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and according to your mercies", "*hā-rabbîm*": "definite article + masculine plural adjective - the many/great", "*tittēn*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you gave/would give", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them", "*môšîʿîm*": "masculine plural Hiphil participle - saviors/deliverers", "*wə-yôšîʿûm*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 3rd person plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and they saved them", "*mi-yaḏ*": "preposition + feminine singular construct noun - from hand of", "*ṣārêhem*": "masculine plural participle + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their adversaries/enemies" }, "variants": { "*tittənēm*": "gave them/delivered them/handed them over", "*yaḏ*": "hand/power/authority", "*ṣārêhem*": "their enemies/adversaries/oppressors", "*yāṣērû*": "distressed/oppressed/afflicted", "*ʿēṯ*": "time/period/season", "*ṣārāṯām*": "their distress/trouble/affliction", "*yiṣʿăqû*": "cried out/called/screamed", "*šāmayim*": "heavens/sky/dwelling place of God", "*tišmāʿ*": "heard/listened/heeded", "*raḥămêḵā*": "your mercies/compassions/tender mercies", "*rabbîm*": "many/numerous/abundant", "*tittēn*": "gave/provided/granted", "*môšîʿîm*": "saviors/deliverers/rescuers", "*yôšîʿûm*": "saved them/delivered them/rescued them" } } 28 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.28", "source": "וּכְנ֣וֹחַ לָהֶ֔ם יָשׁ֕וּבוּ לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת רַ֖ע לְפָנֶ֑יךָ וַתַּֽעַזְבֵ֞ם בְּיַ֤ד אֹֽיְבֵיהֶם֙ וַיִּרְדּ֣וּ בָהֶ֔ם וַיָּשׁ֙וּבוּ֙ וַיִּזְעָק֔וּךָ וְאַתָּ֞ה מִשָּׁמַ֧יִם תִּשְׁמַ֛ע וְתַצִּילֵ֥ם כְּֽרַחֲמֶ֖יךָ רַבּ֥וֹת עִתִּֽים׃", "text": "*û-ḵənôaḥ* to-them, they-*yāšûḇû* to-*laʿăśôṯ* *raʿ* before-you, *wə-taʿazḇēm* in-*yaḏ* *ʾōyḇêhem* *wə-yirədû* in-them, *wə-yāšûḇû* *wə-yizʿāqûḵā*, *wə-ʾattāh* from-*šāmayim* *tišmaʿ* *wə-taṣṣîlēm* according-to-*raḥămêḵā* *rabbôṯ* *ʿittîm*.", "grammar": { "*û-ḵənôaḥ*": "conjunction + preposition + Qal infinitive construct - and when they had rest", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to/for them", "*yāšûḇû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person plural - they returned/would return", "*laʿăśôṯ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to do/make", "*raʿ*": "masculine singular noun/adjective - evil/bad", "*lə-pānêḵā*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - before you", "*wə-taʿazḇēm*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and you abandoned/forsook them", "*bə-yaḏ*": "preposition + feminine singular construct noun - in hand of", "*ʾōyḇêhem*": "masculine plural participle + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their enemies", "*wə-yirədû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person plural - and they ruled/dominated", "*bāhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - over them", "*wə-yāšûḇû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person plural - and they returned", "*wə-yizʿāqûḵā*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person plural + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and they cried out to you", "*wə-ʾattāh*": "conjunction + 2nd person masculine singular pronoun - and you", "*mi-šāmayim*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - from heaven", "*tišmaʿ*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you heard/would hear", "*wə-taṣṣîlēm*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and you rescued/delivered them", "*kə-raḥămêḵā*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - according to your mercies", "*rabbôṯ*": "feminine plural adjective - many", "*ʿittîm*": "feminine plural noun - times" }, "variants": { "*nôaḥ*": "rest/quiet/peace", "*yāšûḇû*": "returned/turned back/reverted", "*laʿăśôṯ*": "to do/to practice/to commit", "*raʿ*": "evil/wickedness/harm", "*taʿazḇēm*": "abandoned them/forsook them/left them", "*yaḏ*": "hand/power/authority", "*ʾōyḇêhem*": "their enemies/foes/adversaries", "*yirədû*": "ruled/dominated/prevailed", "*yizʿāqûḵā*": "cried out to you/called to you/pleaded with you", "*tišmaʿ*": "heard/listened/heeded", "*taṣṣîlēm*": "delivered them/rescued them/saved them", "*raḥămêḵā*": "your mercies/compassions/tender mercies", "*rabbôṯ*": "many/numerous/multiple", "*ʿittîm*": "times/occasions/periods" } } 29 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.29", "source": "וַתָּ֨עַד בָּהֶ֜ם לַהֲשִׁיבָ֣ם אֶל־תּוֹרָתֶ֗ךָ וְהֵ֨מָּה הֵזִ֜ידוּ וְלֹא־שָׁמְע֤וּ לְמִצְוֺתֶ֙יךָ֙ וּבְמִשְׁפָּטֶ֣יךָ חָֽטְאוּ־בָ֔ם אֲשֶׁר־יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה אָדָ֖ם וְחָיָ֣ה בָהֶ֑ם וַיִּתְּנ֤וּ כָתֵף֙ סוֹרֶ֔רֶת וְעָרְפָּ֥ם הִקְשׁ֖וּ וְלֹ֥א שָׁמֵֽעוּ׃", "text": "*wə-tāʿaḏ* in-them *ləhăšîḇām* to-*tôrāṯeḵā*, *wə-hēmmāh* *hēzîḏû* and-not-*šāməʿû* to-*miṣwōṯêḵā* and-in-*mišpāṭêḵā* they-*ḥāṭəʾû*-in-them which-*yaʿăśeh* *ʾāḏām* and-*ḥāyāh* in-them, *wə-yittənû* *ḵāṯēp̄* *sôrereṯ* and-*ʿārpām* they-*hiqšû* and-not *šāmēʿû*.", "grammar": { "*wə-tāʿaḏ*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - and you warned/testified against", "*bāhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - against them", "*ləhăšîḇām*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to return/bring them back", "*ʾel-tôrāṯeḵā*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to your law/teaching", "*wə-hēmmāh*": "conjunction + 3rd person masculine plural pronoun - but they", "*hēzîḏû*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person plural - they acted presumptuously/arrogantly", "*wə-lōʾ-šāməʿû*": "conjunction + negative particle + Qal perfect 3rd person plural - and did not listen/obey", "*lə-miṣwōṯêḵā*": "preposition + feminine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to your commandments", "*û-ḇə-mišpāṭêḵā*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and against your judgments", "*ḥāṭəʾû-ḇām*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural + preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - they sinned against them", "*ʾăšer-yaʿăśeh*": "relative pronoun + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - which if a man does", "*ʾāḏām*": "masculine singular noun - man/human", "*wə-ḥāyāh*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he shall live", "*bāhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - by them", "*wə-yittənû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person plural - and they gave/presented", "*ḵāṯēp̄*": "feminine singular noun - shoulder", "*sôrereṯ*": "Qal participle feminine singular - rebellious/stubborn", "*wə-ʿārpām*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and their neck", "*hiqšû*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person plural - they hardened/stiffened", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*šāmēʿû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they listened/obeyed" }, "variants": { "*tāʿaḏ*": "testified against/warned/admonished", "*ləhăšîḇām*": "to bring them back/to return them/to restore them", "*tôrāṯeḵā*": "your law/instruction/teaching", "*hēmmāh*": "they/those/themselves", "*hēzîḏû*": "acted presumptuously/were arrogant/were insolent", "*šāməʿû*": "listened/obeyed/heeded", "*miṣwōṯêḵā*": "your commandments/precepts/ordinances", "*mišpāṭêḵā*": "your judgments/ordinances/regulations", "*ḥāṭəʾû*": "sinned/missed the mark/transgressed", "*yaʿăśeh*": "does/performs/practices", "*ʾāḏām*": "man/person/human being", "*ḥāyāh*": "lives/will live/survives", "*yittənû*": "gave/presented/offered", "*ḵāṯēp̄*": "shoulder/back", "*sôrereṯ*": "rebellious/stubborn/defiant", "*ʿārpām*": "their neck/their nape", "*hiqšû*": "hardened/stiffened/made obstinate" } }
• Jer 22:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.9", "source": "׃22 9 וְאָ֣מְר֔וּ עַ֚ל אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָֽזְב֔וּ אֶת־בְּרִ֥ית יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹֽהֵיהֶ֑ם וַיִּֽשְׁתַּחֲו֛וּ לֵאלֹהִ֥ים אֲחֵרִ֖ים וַיַּעַבְדֽוּם׃ ס", "text": "And *ʾāmᵉrû*, because *ʾašer* *ʿāzᵉbû* *ʾet-bᵉrît* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêhem* and *yištaḥăwû* to *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* and *yaʿabdûm*.", "grammar": { "*wᵉ-ʾāmᵉrû*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd common plural with waw consecutive, qal - and they will say", "*ʿal*": "preposition - because", "*ʾašer*": "relative pronoun - that/which/because", "*ʿāzᵉbû*": "perfect, 3rd common plural, qal - they forsook", "*ʾet-bᵉrît*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular construct - the covenant of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their God", "*way-yištaḥăwû*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd common plural with waw consecutive, hishtaphel - and they bowed down", "*lē-ʾĕlōhîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - to gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - other", "*way-yaʿabdûm*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd common plural with waw consecutive, qal + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and they served them" }, "variants": { "*ʿāzᵉbû*": "they forsook/abandoned/left", "*bᵉrît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*yištaḥăwû*": "they bowed down/prostrated themselves/worshiped", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "gods/deities/divine beings", "*yaʿabdûm*": "they served them/worked for them/worshiped them" } }
• Ezek 11:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.11.21", "source": "וְאֶל־לֵ֧ב שִׁקּוּצֵיהֶ֛ם וְתוֹעֲבוֹתֵיהֶ֖ם לִבָּ֣ם הֹלֵ֑ךְ דַּרְכָּם֙ בְּרֹאשָׁ֣ם נָתַ֔תִּי נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה׃", "text": "And-unto-*lēb* *šiqqûṣêhem* and-*tôʿăbôtêhem* *libbām* *hōlēk* *darkām* in-*rōʾšām* *nātattî* *nəʾum* *ʾădōnāy* *Yhwh*", "grammar": { "*lēb*": "masculine singular construct - heart of", "*šiqqûṣêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their detestable things", "*tôʿăbôtêhem*": "feminine plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their abominations", "*libbām*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their heart", "*hōlēk*": "qal participle masculine singular - going/walking", "*darkām*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their way", "*rōʾšām*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their head", "*nātattî*": "qal perfect 1st singular - I will give/put", "*nəʾum*": "masculine singular construct - declaration of", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun with 1st singular suffix as divine title - my Lord", "*Yhwh*": "proper noun - YHWH/LORD" }, "variants": { "*lēb*": "heart/mind/inner person/will", "*šiqqûṣêhem*": "their detestable things/idols/abominations", "*tôʿăbôtêhem*": "their abominations/disgusting practices/abhorrent things", "*darkām*": "their way/road/journey/manner" } }
• 1 Pet 4:3 : 3 { "verseID": "1 Peter.4.3", "source": "Ἀρκετὸς γὰρ ἡμῖν ὁ παρεληλυθὼς χρόνος τοῦ βίου τὸ θέλημα τῶν Ἐθνῶν κατεργάσασθαι, πεπορευμένους ἐν ἀσελγείαις, ἐπιθυμίαις, οἰνοφλυγίαις, κώμοις, πότοις, καὶ ἀθεμίτοις εἰδωλολατρείαις:", "text": "*Arketos* for to us the *parelelythōs chronos tou biou* the *thelēma tōn Ethnōn katergazasthai*, having *poreumenous* in *aselgeiais*, *epithymiais*, *oinophlyigais*, *kōmois*, *potois*, and *athemitois eidōlolatreiais*:", "grammar": { "*Arketos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - sufficient/enough", "*parelelythōs*": "perfect active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having passed", "*chronos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - time", "*tou biou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of life", "*thelēma*": "accusative, neuter, singular - will/desire", "*tōn Ethnōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - of the Gentiles/nations", "*katergazasthai*": "aorist middle infinitive - to accomplish/perform/work out", "*poreumenous*": "perfect middle/passive participle, accusative, masculine, plural - having walked/gone", "*aselgeiais*": "dative, feminine, plural - in licentiousness/sensuality", "*epithymiais*": "dative, feminine, plural - in lusts/desires", "*oinophlyigais*": "dative, feminine, plural - in drunkenness/wine-excess", "*kōmois*": "dative, masculine, plural - in revels/carousing", "*potois*": "dative, masculine, plural - in drinking bouts", "*athemitois*": "dative, feminine, plural - in lawless/forbidden", "*eidōlolatreiais*": "dative, feminine, plural - in idolatries" }, "variants": { "*Arketos*": "sufficient/enough/adequate/plenty", "*katergazasthai*": "to accomplish/perform/carry out/work out completely", "*aselgeiais*": "sensuality/debauchery/licentiousness/lasciviousness", "*kōmois*": "carousals/revels/orgies/feasts", "*athemitois*": "unlawful/forbidden/detestable/abominable" } }
• Dan 9:10-12 : 10 { "verseID": "Daniel.9.10", "source": "וְלֹ֣א שָׁמַ֔עְנוּ בְּק֖וֹל יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵ֑ינוּ לָלֶ֤כֶת בְּתֽוֹרֹתָיו֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נָתַ֣ן לְפָנֵ֔ינוּ בְּיַ֖ד עֲבָדָ֥יו הַנְּבִיאִֽים׃", "text": "And not *šāmaʿnû* in *qôl* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* to *lāleḵeṯ* in *tôrōṯāyw* which *nāṯan* before *pānênû* by *yaḏ* *ʿăḇāḏāyw* the *nəḇîʾîm*.", "grammar": { "*šāmaʿnû*": "perfect, 1st plural, qal - we have listened", "*qôl*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - voice of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1pl suffix - our God", "*lāleḵeṯ*": "infinitive construct, qal with prefix - to walk", "*tôrōṯāyw*": "noun, feminine, plural with 3ms suffix - his laws", "*nāṯan*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - he gave", "*pānênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1pl suffix - our faces", "*yaḏ*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - hand of", "*ʿăḇāḏāyw*": "noun, masculine, plural with 3ms suffix - his servants", "*nəḇîʾîm*": "noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the prophets" }, "variants": { "*šāmaʿnû*": "we have listened/heard/obeyed", "*qôl*": "voice/sound", "*lāleḵeṯ*": "to walk/go/follow", "*tôrōṯāyw*": "his laws/instructions/teachings", "*pānênû*": "our faces/presence/before us" } } 11 { "verseID": "Daniel.9.11", "source": "וְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל עָֽבְרוּ֙ אֶת־תּ֣וֹרָתֶ֔ךָ וְס֕וֹר לְבִלְתִּ֖י שְׁמ֣וֹעַ בְּקֹלֶ֑ךָ וַתִּתַּ֨ךְ עָלֵ֜ינוּ הָאָלָ֣ה וְהַשְּׁבֻעָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֤ר כְּתוּבָה֙ בְּתוֹרַת֙ מֹשֶׁ֣ה עֶֽבֶד־הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔ים כִּ֥י חָטָ֖אנוּ לֽוֹ׃", "text": "And all-*yiśrāʾêl* *ʿāḇrû* *ʾeṯ*-*tôrāṯeḵā* and *sôr* to not *šəmôaʿ* in *qōleḵā*, and *wattittaḵ* upon us the *ʾālāh* and the *šəḇuʿāh* which *kəṯûḇāh* in *tôraṯ* *mōšeh* *ʿeḇeḏ*-the *ʾĕlōhîm* for *ḥāṭāʾnû* to him.", "grammar": { "*yiśrāʾêl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʿāḇrû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, qal - they transgressed", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*tôrāṯeḵā*": "noun, feminine, singular with 2ms suffix - your law", "*sôr*": "infinitive absolute, qal - turning aside", "*šəmôaʿ*": "infinitive construct, qal - to hear", "*qōleḵā*": "noun, masculine, singular with 2ms suffix - your voice", "*wattittaḵ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd feminine singular, qal - and it was poured out", "*ʾālāh*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the curse", "*šəḇuʿāh*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the oath", "*kəṯûḇāh*": "passive participle, qal, feminine, singular - written", "*tôraṯ*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - law of", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʿeḇeḏ*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - servant of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the God", "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "perfect, 1st plural, qal - we have sinned" }, "variants": { "*ʿāḇrû*": "they transgressed/crossed over/violated", "*sôr*": "turning aside/departing/deviating", "*šəmôaʿ*": "to hear/listen/obey", "*wattittaḵ*": "and it was poured out/spilled/brought down", "*ʾālāh*": "curse/oath of punishment", "*šəḇuʿāh*": "oath/sworn judgment" } } 12 { "verseID": "Daniel.9.12", "source": "וַיָּ֜קֶם אֶת־*דבריו **דְּבָר֣וֹ ׀ אֲשֶׁר־דִּבֶּ֣ר עָלֵ֗ינוּ וְעַ֤ל שֹֽׁפְטֵ֙ינוּ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר שְׁפָט֔וּנוּ לְהָבִ֥יא עָלֵ֖ינוּ רָעָ֣ה גְדֹלָ֑ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא־נֶעֶשְׂתָ֗ה תַּ֚חַת כָּל־הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר נֶעֶשְׂתָ֖ה בִּירוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃", "text": "And *wayyāqem* *ʾeṯ*-*dəḇārô* which *dibber* against us and against *šōp̄əṭênû* who *šəp̄āṭûnû* to *hāḇîʾ* upon us *rāʿāh* *ḡəḏōlāh* which not-*neʿeśtāh* under all-the *šāmayim* as *neʿeśtāh* in *yərûšālayim*.", "grammar": { "*wayyāqem*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, hiphil - and he confirmed/established", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*dəḇārô*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3ms suffix - his word", "*dibber*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, piel - he spoke", "*šōp̄əṭênû*": "participle, qal, masculine, plural with 1pl suffix - our judges", "*šəp̄āṭûnû*": "perfect, 3rd masculine plural, qal with 1pl suffix - they judged us", "*hāḇîʾ*": "infinitive construct, hiphil - to bring", "*rāʿāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - evil/disaster", "*ḡəḏōlāh*": "adjective, feminine, singular - great", "*neʿeśtāh*": "perfect, 3rd feminine singular, niphal - it was done", "*šāmayim*": "noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the heavens", "*yərûšālayim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*wayyāqem*": "and he confirmed/established/fulfilled", "*dəḇārô*": "his word/statement/promise", "*dibber*": "he spoke/declared/pronounced", "*šōp̄əṭênû*": "our judges/rulers/leaders", "*rāʿāh*": "evil/disaster/calamity/misfortune", "*neʿeśtāh*": "it was done/performed/accomplished" } }
• Judg 2:12-13 : 12 { "verseID": "Judges.2.12", "source": "וַיַּעַזְב֞וּ אֶת־יְהוָ֣ה ׀ אֱלֹהֵ֣י אֲבוֹתָ֗ם הַמּוֹצִ֣יא אוֹתָם֮ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַיִם֒ וַיֵּלְכ֞וּ אַחֲרֵ֣י ׀ אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֗ים מֵאֱלֹהֵ֤י הָֽעַמִּים֙ אֲשֶׁר֙ סְבִיב֣וֹתֵיהֶ֔ם וַיִּֽשְׁתַּחֲו֖וּ לָהֶ֑ם וַיַּכְעִ֖סוּ אֶת־יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And-*wayyaʿazḇû* *ʾet*-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê* *ʾăḇôtām* the-*hammôṣîʾ* them from-*ʾereṣ* *Miṣrayim* and-*wayyēləḵû* after *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* from-*ʾĕlōhê* the-*ʿammîm* which *səḇîḇôtêhem* and-*wayyištaḥăwû* to-them and-*wayyaḵʿisû* *ʾet*-*YHWH*", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿazḇû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they forsook", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct - God of", "*ʾăḇôtām*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their fathers", "*hammôṣîʾ*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular with definite article - the one bringing out", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular construct - land of", "*wayyēləḵû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they went", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "masculine plural adjective - other", "*ʿammîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the peoples", "*səḇîḇôtêhem*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their surroundings", "*wayyištaḥăwû*": "waw-consecutive + hishtaphel imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they bowed down", "*wayyaḵʿisû*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they provoked" }, "variants": { "*wayyaʿazḇû*": "they forsook/abandoned/left", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "God of/gods of", "*ʾăḇôtām*": "their fathers/ancestors", "*hammôṣîʾ*": "who brought out/who led out", "*wayyēləḵû*": "they went/walked/followed", "*ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm*": "other gods/foreign deities", "*ʿammîm*": "peoples/nations", "*səḇîḇôtêhem*": "their surroundings/around them", "*wayyištaḥăwû*": "they bowed down/prostrated themselves/worshipped", "*wayyaḵʿisû*": "they provoked/angered/vexed" } } 13 { "verseID": "Judges.2.13", "source": "וַיַּעַזְב֖וּ אֶת־יְהוָ֑ה וַיַּעַבְד֥וּ לַבַּ֖עַל וְלָעַשְׁתָּרֽוֹת׃", "text": "And-*wayyaʿazḇû* *ʾet*-*YHWH* and-*wayyaʿaḇəḏû* to-the-*Baʿal* and-to-the-*ʿAštārôt*", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿazḇû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they forsook", "*wayyaʿaḇəḏû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they served", "*Baʿal*": "proper noun with definite article - the Baal", "*ʿAštārôt*": "proper noun, feminine plural - Ashtaroth" }, "variants": { "*wayyaʿazḇû*": "they forsook/abandoned/left", "*wayyaʿaḇəḏû*": "they served/worshipped", "*Baʿal*": "a Canaanite deity, 'lord/master'", "*ʿAštārôt*": "Canaanite fertility goddesses/female deities" } }
• Judg 10:13-14 : 13 { "verseID": "Judges.10.13", "source": "וְאַתֶּם֙ עֲזַבְתֶּ֣ם אוֹתִ֔י וַתַּעַבְד֖וּ אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֑ים לָכֵ֥ן לֹֽא־אוֹסִ֖יף לְהוֹשִׁ֥יעַ אֶתְכֶֽם", "text": "and-you *ʿăzaḇtem* me *wə-taʿaḇdû* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* therefore not-*ʾôsîp̄* *lə-hôšîaʿ* you", "grammar": { "*ʿăzaḇtem*": "qal perfect 2mp - you have forsaken", "*wə-taʿaḇdû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 2mp - and you have served", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - other", "*ʾôsîp̄*": "hiphil imperfect 1cs - I will continue/add", "*lə-hôšîaʿ*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to save" }, "variants": { "*ʿăzaḇtem*": "you have forsaken/you have abandoned", "*wə-taʿaḇdû*": "you have served/you have worshipped", "*ʾôsîp̄*": "I will continue/I will add/I will do again" } } 14 { "verseID": "Judges.10.14", "source": "לְכ֗וּ וְזַֽעֲקוּ֙ אֶל־הָ֣אֱלֹהִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּחַרְתֶּ֖ם בָּ֑ם הֵ֛מָּה יוֹשִׁ֥יעוּ לָכֶ֖ם בְּעֵ֥ת צָרַתְכֶֽם", "text": "*ləḵû* and-*zaʿăqû* to-*hā-ʾĕlōhîm* which *bəḥartem* in-them they *yôšîʿû* to-you in-*ʿēṯ* *ṣāraṯəḵem*", "grammar": { "*ləḵû*": "qal imperative 2mp - go", "*zaʿăqû*": "qal imperative 2mp - cry out", "*hā-ʾĕlōhîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the gods", "*bəḥartem*": "qal perfect 2mp - you have chosen", "*yôšîʿû*": "hiphil imperfect 3mp - they will save", "*ʿēṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - time of", "*ṣāraṯəḵem*": "noun, feminine singular + 2mp suffix - your distress" }, "variants": { "*zaʿăqû*": "cry out/call for help", "*bəḥartem*": "you have chosen/you have selected", "*yôšîʿû*": "they will save/they will deliver/they will rescue", "*ṣāraṯəḵem*": "your distress/your trouble/your tribulation" } }
• Jer 9:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.9.14", "source": "לָכֵ֗ן כֹּֽה־אָמַ֞ר יְהוָ֤ה צְבָאוֹת֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל הִנְנִ֧י מַאֲכִילָ֛ם אֶת־הָעָ֥ם הַזֶּ֖ה לַֽעֲנָ֑ה וְהִשְׁקִיתִ֖ים מֵי־רֹֽאשׁ׃", "text": "*lākēn* thus-*'āmar* *YHWH* *ṣĕbā'ôt* *'ĕlōhê* *yiśrā'ēl* *hinĕnî* *ma'ăkîlām* *'et*-*hā'ām* *hazzeh* *la'ănāh* *wĕhišqîtîm* *mê*-*rō'š*", "grammar": { "*lākēn*": "adverb - therefore", "*'āmar*": "perfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular - he has said", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ṣĕbā'ôt*": "feminine plural noun - of hosts", "*'ĕlōhê*": "masculine plural noun, construct state - God of", "*yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*hinĕnî*": "interjection with 1st person singular suffix - behold me", "*ma'ăkîlām*": "participle, masculine singular, hiphil with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - feeding them", "*'et*": "direct object marker", "*hā'ām*": "masculine noun with definite article - the people", "*hazzeh*": "demonstrative adjective with definite article - this", "*la'ănāh*": "feminine noun - wormwood", "*wĕhišqîtîm*": "conjunction + perfect verb, 1st person singular, hiphil with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and I will make them drink", "*mê*": "masculine plural noun, construct state - waters of", "*rō'š*": "masculine noun - poison/gall" }, "variants": { "*lākēn*": "therefore/thus/for this reason", "*'āmar*": "said/spoke/declared", "*ṣĕbā'ôt*": "of hosts/armies/multitudes", "*'ĕlōhê*": "God of/deity of", "*hinĕnî*": "behold me/look, I am/here I am", "*ma'ăkîlām*": "feeding them/causing them to eat", "*hā'ām hazzeh*": "this people/these people", "*la'ănāh*": "wormwood/bitterness/poison plant", "*wĕhišqîtîm*": "and I will make them drink/give them to drink", "*mê-rō'š*": "waters of poison/poisonous water/bitter water" } }
• Jer 2:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.2.8", "source": "הַכֹּהֲנִ֗ים לֹ֤א אָֽמְרוּ֙ אַיֵּ֣ה יְהוָ֔ה וְתֹפְשֵׂ֤י הַתּוֹרָה֙ לֹ֣א יְדָע֔וּנִי וְהָרֹעִ֖ים פָּ֣שְׁעוּ בִ֑י וְהַנְּבִיאִים֙ נִבְּא֣וּ בַבַּ֔עַל וְאַחֲרֵ֥י לֹֽא־יוֹעִ֖לוּ הָלָֽכוּ׃", "text": "*Ha-kōhănîm* *lōʾ* *ʾāmərû* *ʾayyēh* *YHWH* *wə-tōpśê* *ha-tôrāh* *lōʾ* *yədāʿûnî* *wə-hā-rōʿîm* *pāšəʿû* *bî* *wə-ha-nəbîʾîm* *nibbəʾû* *ba-Baʿal* *wə-ʾaḥărê* *lōʾ*-*yôʿîlû* *hālākû*", "grammar": { "*Ha-kōhănîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the priests", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾāmərû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they said", "*ʾayyēh*": "interrogative adverb - where", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*wə-tōpśê*": "conjunction + qal participle, masculine plural construct - and handlers of", "*ha-tôrāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the law/instruction", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yədāʿûnî*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural + 1st singular suffix - they knew me", "*wə-hā-rōʿîm*": "conjunction + definite article + qal participle, masculine plural - and the shepherds", "*pāšəʿû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they rebelled", "*bî*": "preposition + 1st singular suffix - against me", "*wə-ha-nəbîʾîm*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, masculine plural - and the prophets", "*nibbəʾû*": "niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - they prophesied", "*ba-Baʿal*": "preposition + definite article + proper noun - by Baal", "*wə-ʾaḥărê*": "conjunction + preposition - and after", "*lōʾ*-*yôʿîlû*": "negative particle + hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they do not profit", "*hālākû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they walked" }, "variants": { "*tōpśê*": "handlers of/those who grasp/those who hold", "*tôrāh*": "law/instruction/teaching/direction", "*yədāʿûnî*": "they knew me/they recognized me/they acknowledged me", "*rōʿîm*": "shepherds/pastors/rulers", "*pāšəʿû*": "rebelled/transgressed/revolted", "*nibbəʾû*": "prophesied/spoke as prophets", "*yôʿîlû*": "profit/benefit/help" } }