Verse 19
{ "verseID": "Job.34.19", "source": "אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־נָשָׂ֨א ׀ פְּנֵ֥י שָׂרִ֗ים וְלֹ֣א נִכַּר־שׁ֭וֹעַ לִפְנֵי־דָ֑ל כִּֽי־מַעֲשֵׂ֖ה יָדָ֣יו כֻּלָּֽם׃", "text": "*ʾăšer* *lōʾ-nāśāʾ* *pənê* *śārîm* *wə-lōʾ* *nikkar-šôaʿ* *lipnê-dāl* *kî-maʿăśēh* *yādāyw* *kullām*", "grammar": { "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*nāśāʾ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - lifts/shows favoritism", "*pənê*": "masculine plural construct noun - faces of", "*śārîm*": "masculine plural noun - princes", "*wə-lōʾ*": "waw conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*nikkar*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - recognizes/acknowledges", "*šôaʿ*": "masculine singular adjective - noble", "*lipnê*": "preposition + masculine plural construct noun - before/above", "*dāl*": "masculine singular adjective - poor", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*maʿăśēh*": "masculine singular construct noun - work of", "*yādāyw*": "feminine dual noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hands", "*kullām*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - all of them" }, "variants": { "*nāśāʾ pənê*": "shows favoritism/is partial to/gives special treatment", "*śārîm*": "princes/officials/rulers", "*nikkar*": "recognizes/acknowledges/gives preference to", "*šôaʿ*": "noble/wealthy/aristocrat", "*dāl*": "poor/weak/lowly", "*maʿăśēh yādāyw*": "work of his hands/his creation/what he has made", "*kullām*": "all of them/each of them/they all" } }
Other Translations
GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk
Han viser ingen partiskhet mot fyrster, og verdsetter ikke den rike mer enn den fattige, for alle er hans skapninger.
Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst
Hvor mye mindre til ham som ikke holder prinsenes ansikter i respekt, og ikke skjelner den rike fremfor den fattige? For de er alle hans henders verk.
Norsk King James
Hvor mye mindre kan man si til ham som ikke favoriserer prinsene, eller behandler de rike likt som de fattige? For de er alle hans skapelser.
Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866
Hvor mye mindre til den som ikke ser på fyrstene med fordel og ikke anerkjenner den rike fremfor den fattige; for de er alle verk av hans hender.
Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål
Han som ikke gjør forskjell på fyrster, og ikke ser forskjell på den rike framfor den fattige, for de er alle hans henders verk?
Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611
Hvor mye mindre da for ham som ikke gjør forskjell på fyrster, eller ser mer på de rike enn på de fattige? For de er alle hans henders verk.
o3-mini KJV Norsk
Hvor mye mindre for den som ikke anerkjenner konger og ikke ser de rike som overlegne de fattige, for alle er de skapt av hans hender.
En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)
Hvor mye mindre da for ham som ikke gjør forskjell på fyrster, eller ser mer på de rike enn på de fattige? For de er alle hans henders verk.
Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst
Han viser ikke partiskhet for fyrster, og kjenner ikke den rike foran den fattige, for alle er hans henders verk.
Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts
God shows no partiality to princes and does not favor the rich over the poor, for they are all the work of His hands.
GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024
Han viser ikke anseelse for fyrster og skiller ikke mellom rik og fattig, for de er alle hans henders verk.
Original Norsk Bibel 1866
(hvor langt mindre) til den, som ikke anseer Fyrsternes Personer og kjender ikke den Rige fremfor den Ringe; thi de ere alle hans Hænders Gjerning.
King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)
How much less to him that accepteth not the persons of princes, nor regardeth the rich more than the poor? for they all are the work of his hands.
KJV 1769 norsk
Hvor mye mindre til ham som ikke favoriserer fyrster, og som ikke merker den rike mer enn den fattige? For de er alle verk av hans hender.
KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk
How much less to Him who does not respect the persons of princes nor regard the rich more than the poor? For they all are the work of His hands.
King James Version 1611 (Original)
How much less to him that accepteth not the persons of princes, nor regardeth the rich more than the poor? for they all are the work of his hands.
Norsk oversettelse av Webster
Som ikke respekterer fyrstene, Eller anser de rike mer enn de fattige; For alle er de arbeidet av hans hender.
Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation
Han tar ikke hensyn til fyrsters person, og kjenner ikke de rike foran de fattige, for de er alle Hans henders verk.
Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901
Som ikke respekterer personene til fyrster, Og ikke gir de rike mer ære enn de fattige; For de er alle hans henders verk.
Norsk oversettelse av BBE
Han som ikke har respekt for herskere, og som ikke gir mer oppmerksomhet til de rike enn de fattige, for de er alle hans henders verk.
Coverdale Bible (1535)
Vngodly men are ye He hath no respecte vnto the personnes of ye lordly, & regardeth not the rich more the poore. For they be all the worke of his hondes.
Geneva Bible (1560)
How much lesse to him that accepteth not the persons of princes, & regardeth not the rich, more then the poore? for they be all the worke of his handes.
Bishops' Bible (1568)
God hath no respect vnto the persons of the lordly, and regardeth not the riche more then the poore: for they be al the worke of his handes.
Authorized King James Version (1611)
[How much less to him] that accepteth not the persons of princes, nor regardeth the rich more than the poor? for they all [are] the work of his hands.
Webster's Bible (1833)
Who doesn't respect the persons of princes, Nor regards the rich more than the poor; For they all are the work of his hands.
Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)
That hath not accepted the person of princes, Nor hath known the rich before the poor, For a work of His hands `are' all of them.
American Standard Version (1901)
That respecteth not the persons of princes, Nor regardeth the rich more than the poor; For they all are the work of his hands.
Bible in Basic English (1941)
Who has no respect for rulers, and who gives no more attention to those who have wealth than to the poor, for they are all the work of his hands.
World English Bible (2000)
Who doesn't respect the persons of princes, nor respects the rich more than the poor; for they all are the work of his hands.
NET Bible® (New English Translation)
who shows no partiality to princes, and does not take note of the rich more than the poor, because all of them are the work of his hands?
Referenced Verses
- Deut 10:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.10.17", "source": "כִּ֚י יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֔ם ה֚וּא אֱלֹהֵ֣י הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔ים וַאֲדֹנֵ֖י הָאֲדֹנִ֑ים הָאֵ֨ל הַגָּדֹ֤ל הַגִּבֹּר֙ וְהַנּוֹרָ֔א אֲשֶׁר֙ לֹא־יִשָּׂ֣א פָנִ֔ים וְלֹ֥א יִקַּ֖ח שֹֽׁחַד׃", "text": "For *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem* *hûʾ* *ʾĕlōhê* the *ʾĕlōhîm* and *ʾădonê* the *ʾădonîm* the *ʾēl* the *gādōl* the *gibbōr* and the *nôrāʾ* *ʾăšer* not *yiśśāʾ* *pānîm* and not *yiqqaḥ* *šōḥad*", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "masculine plural with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your God", "*hûʾ*": "3rd masculine singular pronoun - he", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct - God of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural with definite article - the gods", "*ʾădonê*": "masculine plural construct - Lord of", "*ʾădonîm*": "masculine plural with definite article - the lords", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular with definite article - the God", "*gādōl*": "masculine singular with definite article - the great", "*gibbōr*": "masculine singular with definite article - the mighty", "*nôrāʾ*": "niphal participle masculine singular with definite article - the fearsome", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who", "*yiśśāʾ*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with negation - he does not lift up/show partiality", "*pānîm*": "masculine plural - faces", "*yiqqaḥ*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with negation - he does not take", "*šōḥad*": "masculine singular - bribe" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings", "*ʾādôn*": "lord/master/owner", "*ʾēl*": "God/divine being", "*gādōl*": "great/large/important", "*gibbōr*": "mighty/powerful/warrior", "*nôrāʾ*": "fearsome/awesome/terrible", "*nāśāʾ pānîm*": "show partiality/favoritism", "*lāqaḥ*": "take/receive/accept", "*šōḥad*": "bribe/gift/payment" } }
- Jas 2:5 : 5 { "verseID": "James.2.5", "source": "Ἀκούσατε, ἀδελφοί μου ἀγαπητοί, οὐχ ὁ Θεὸς ἐξελέξατο τοὺς πτωχοὺς τοῦ κόσμου τούτου πλουσίους ἐν πίστει, καὶ κληρονόμους τῆς βασιλείας ἧς ἐπηγγείλατο τοῖς ἀγαπῶσιν αὐτόν;", "text": "*Akousate*, *adelphoi* my *agapētoi*, not the *Theos exelexato* the *ptōchous* of the *kosmou* this *plousious* in *pistei*, and *klēronomous* of the *basileias* which *epēngeilato* to the *agapōsin* him?", "grammar": { "*Akousate*": "aorist, active, imperative, 2nd person plural - listen/hear", "*adelphoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - brothers", "μου": "genitive, first person, singular - my", "*agapētoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - beloved", "οὐχ": "negative particle (interrogative) - not", "ὁ *Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*exelexato*": "aorist, middle, indicative, 3rd person singular - chose/selected", "τοὺς *ptōchous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - the poor", "τοῦ *kosmou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of the world", "τούτου": "genitive, masculine, singular, demonstrative - this", "*plousious*": "accusative, masculine, plural - rich", "ἐν *pistei*": "dative, feminine, singular - in faith", "*klēronomous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - heirs", "τῆς *basileias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of the kingdom", "ἧς": "genitive, feminine, singular, relative pronoun - which", "*epēngeilato*": "aorist, middle, indicative, 3rd person singular - he promised", "τοῖς *agapōsin*": "dative, masculine, plural, present participle - to those loving", "αὐτόν": "accusative, masculine, singular - him" }, "variants": { "*Akousate*": "listen/hear/pay attention", "*adelphoi*": "brothers/fellow believers/siblings in faith", "*agapētoi*": "beloved/dear ones", "*Theos*": "God/deity", "*exelexato*": "chose/selected/elected", "*ptōchous*": "poor/destitute/beggars", "*kosmou*": "world/universe/realm/order", "*plousious*": "rich/wealthy", "*pistei*": "faith/belief/trust", "*klēronomous*": "heirs/inheritors", "*basileias*": "kingdom/reign/rule", "*epēngeilato*": "promised/pledged", "*agapōsin*": "loving/cherishing" } }
- Acts 10:34 : 34 { "verseID": "Acts.10.34", "source": "¶Ἀνοίξας δὲ Πέτρος τὸ στόμα, εἶπεν, Ἐπʼ ἀληθείας καταλαμβάνομαι ὅτι οὐκ ἔστιν προσωπολήπτης ὁ Θεός:", "text": "*Anoixas* *de* *Petros* the *stoma*, *eipen*, Upon *alētheias* I *katalambanomai* that not *estin* *prosōpolēptēs* the *Theos*:", "grammar": { "*Anoixas*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having opened", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and/now", "*Petros*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Peter (name)", "*stoma*": "accusative, neuter, singular - mouth", "*eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - he said", "*alētheias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of truth", "*katalambanomai*": "present middle indicative, 1st singular - I perceive/understand/grasp", "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - is", "*prosōpolēptēs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - respecter of persons/one who shows favoritism", "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God" }, "variants": { "*katalambanomai*": "perceive/understand/grasp/comprehend", "*prosōpolēptēs*": "respecter of persons/one who shows favoritism/partial" } }
- Eph 6:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Ephesians.6.9", "source": "Καὶ, οἱ κύριοι, τὰ αὐτὰ ποιεῖτε πρὸς αὐτούς, ἀνιέντες τὴν ἀπειλήν: εἰδότες ὅτι καὶ ὑμῶν αὐτῶν ὁ Κύριός ἐστιν ἐν οὐρανοῖς· καὶ προσωποληψία οὐκ ἔστιν παρʼ αὐτῷ.", "text": "And, the *kyrioi*, the same things *poieite pros* them, *anientes* the *apeilēn*: *eidotes* that also of you yourselves the *Kyrios estin* in *ouranois*; and *prosōpolēpsia ouk estin par'* him.", "grammar": { "*kyrioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - masters/lords", "*poieite*": "present imperative, 2nd person plural - do/practice [continuous command]", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - toward/to", "*anientes*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, plural - giving up/forsaking [continuous action]", "*apeilēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - threatening/threat", "*eidotes*": "perfect participle, nominative, masculine, plural - knowing [completed action with continuing results]", "*Kyrios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Lord/Master", "*estin*": "present indicative, 3rd person singular - is", "*ouranois*": "dative, masculine, plural - heavens", "*prosōpolēpsia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - favoritism/partiality", "*ouk estin*": "negative + present indicative, 3rd person singular - is not", "*par'*": "preposition + dative - with/beside" }, "variants": { "*kyrioi*": "masters/lords/owners", "*poieite*": "do/practice/perform", "*pros*": "toward/to/with regard to", "*anientes*": "giving up/forsaking/refraining from", "*apeilēn*": "threatening/threat/intimidation", "*eidotes*": "knowing/understanding/being aware", "*Kyrios*": "Lord/Master [divine title]", "*ouranois*": "heavens/sky/celestial realm", "*prosōpolēpsia*": "favoritism/partiality/respect of persons" } }
- Col 3:25 : 25 { "verseID": "Colossians.3.25", "source": "Ὁ δὲ ἀδικῶν κομιεῖται ὃ ἠδίκησεν: καὶ οὐκ ἔστιν προσωποληψία.", "text": "But the one *adikōn* will *komieitai* what he *ēdikēsen*: and not *estin* *prosōpolēpsia*.", "grammar": { "*de*": "contrastive particle - but/and", "*adikōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - doing wrong", "*komieitai*": "future middle indicative, 3rd person singular - will receive/carry away", "*ēdikēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - did wrong", "*ouk estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular with negative - there is not", "*prosōpolēpsia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - partiality/favoritism" }, "variants": { "*adikōn*": "doing wrong/acting unjustly/mistreating", "*komieitai*": "will receive/carry away/be repaid for", "*ēdikēsen*": "did wrong/acted unjustly/committed injustice", "*prosōpolēpsia*": "partiality/favoritism/respect of persons/discrimination" } }
- Rom 2:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Romans.2.11", "source": "Οὐ γάρ ἐστιν προσωποληψία παρὰ τῷ Θεῷ.", "text": "For not *estin* *prosōpolēpsia* with *tō Theō*.", "grammar": { "*estin*": "verb, present indicative, 3rd person singular - is", "*prosōpolēpsia*": "noun, nominative, feminine, singular - partiality/favoritism", "*tō Theō*": "article + noun, dative, masculine, singular - with God" }, "variants": { "*prosōpolēpsia*": "partiality/favoritism/respect of persons", "*Theō*": "God/deity" } }
- Gal 2:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Galatians.2.6", "source": "Ἀπὸ δὲ τῶν δοκούντων εἶναί τι, (ὁποῖοί ποτε ἦσαν, οὐδέν μοι διαφέρει: πρόσωπον Θεὸς ἀνθρώπου οὐ λαμβάνει:) ἐμοὶ γὰρ οἱ δοκοῦντες οὐδὲν προσανέθεντο:", "text": "*Apo de tōn dokountōn einai ti*, (*hopoioi pote ēsan*, *ouden moi diapherei*: *prosōpon Theos anthrōpou ou lambanei*:) *emoi gar hoi dokountes ouden prosanethento*:", "grammar": { "*apo de*": "preposition + particle - but from/now from", "*tōn dokountōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural, participle - of those seeming/reputed", "*einai ti*": "present, infinitive + indefinite pronoun - to be something", "*hopoioi pote ēsan*": "relative pronoun + particle + imperfect verb - whatever sort they once were", "*ouden*": "accusative, neuter, singular - nothing", "*moi*": "dative, 1st person singular - to me", "*diapherei*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - it matters/differs", "*prosōpon*": "accusative, neuter, singular - face/person/appearance", "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*anthrōpou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of man/person", "*ou lambanei*": "negative + present, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - does not accept/receive", "*emoi*": "dative, 1st person singular - to me", "*gar*": "conjunction - for/because", "*hoi dokountes*": "nominative, masculine, plural, participle - those seeming/of reputation", "*ouden*": "accusative, neuter, singular - nothing", "*prosanethento*": "aorist, middle, indicative, 3rd person plural - added/imparted/contributed" }, "variants": { "*dokountōn einai ti*": "those seeming to be something/those reputed to be important/those appearing to be something", "*diapherei*": "makes a difference/matters/is of importance", "*prosōpon lambanei*": "shows partiality/accepts the face/judges by outward appearances", "*prosanethento*": "added nothing/contributed nothing/imparted nothing further" } }
- 2 Chr 19:7 : 7 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.19.7", "source": "וְעַתָּ֕ה יְהִ֥י פַֽחַד־יְהוָ֖ה עֲלֵיכֶ֑ם שִׁמְר֣וּ וַעֲשׂ֔וּ כִּֽי־אֵ֞ין עִם־יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵ֗ינוּ עַוְלָ֛ה וּמַשֹּׂ֥א פָנִ֖ים וּמִקַּח־שֹֽׁחַד׃", "text": "And-now *yəhî* *p̄aḥaḏ*-*YHWH* upon-you *šimrû* and-*waʿăśû* for-*ʾên* with-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* *ʿawlāh* and-*maśōʾ* *p̄ānîm* and-*miqqaḥ*-*šōḥaḏ*", "grammar": { "*yəhî*": "qal jussive, 3rd masculine singular - let be", "*p̄aḥaḏ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - fear of", "*šimrû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - watch/keep/observe", "*waʿăśû*": "waw + qal imperative, masculine plural - and do/act", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st common plural suffix - our God", "*ʿawlāh*": "noun, feminine singular - injustice/wickedness", "*maśōʾ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - lifting/showing favoritism", "*p̄ānîm*": "noun, masculine plural - faces", "*miqqaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - taking of", "*šōḥaḏ*": "noun, masculine singular - bribe", "וְ־": "conjunction - and", "עֲלֵיכֶ֑ם": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - upon you", "כִּֽי־": "conjunction - for/because", "עִם־": "preposition - with", "וּ־": "conjunction - and" }, "variants": { "*p̄aḥaḏ*": "fear/dread/reverence", "*šimrû*": "watch/guard/observe/be careful", "*ʿawlāh*": "injustice/wrongdoing/wickedness/perversion", "*maśōʾ* *p̄ānîm*": "partiality/favoritism/respect of persons", "*miqqaḥ*-*šōḥaḏ*": "taking of bribes/accepting bribes" } }
- 1 Pet 1:17 : 17 { "verseID": "1 Peter.1.17", "source": "Καὶ εἰ Πατέρα ἐπικαλεῖσθε, τὸν ἀπροσωπολήπτως κρίνοντα κατὰ τὸ ἑκάστου ἔργον, ἐν φόβῳ τὸν τῆς παροικίας ὑμῶν χρόνον ἀναστράφητε:", "text": "And if *Patera* you *epikaleisthe*, the one *aprosōpolēptōs* *krinonta* according to the of each *ergon*, in *phobō* the of the *paroikias* of you *chronon* *anastraphēte*:", "grammar": { "*Patera*": "accusative, masculine, singular - direct object", "*epikaleisthe*": "present, middle, indicative, 2nd person, plural - ongoing action", "*aprosōpolēptōs*": "adverb - manner", "*krinonta*": "present, active, participle, accusative, masculine, singular - attributive", "*ergon*": "accusative, neuter, singular - direct object", "*phobō*": "dative, masculine, singular - manner/emotion", "*paroikias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - possessive/relationship", "*chronon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - extent/duration", "*anastraphēte*": "aorist, passive, imperative, 2nd person, plural - command" }, "variants": { "*Patera*": "Father/ancestor/progenitor", "*epikaleisthe*": "call upon/invoke/address as", "*aprosōpolēptōs*": "impartially/without favoritism/without partiality", "*krinonta*": "judging/evaluating/assessing", "*ergon*": "work/deed/action", "*phobō*": "fear/reverence/respect", "*paroikias*": "sojourn/temporary residence/exile", "*chronon*": "time/period/duration", "*anastraphēte*": "conduct yourselves/behave/live" } }
- Job 31:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Job.31.15", "source": "הֲֽ֝לֹא־בַ֭בֶּטֶן עֹשֵׂ֣נִי עָשָׂ֑הוּ וַ֝יְכֻנֶ֗נּוּ בָּרֶ֥חֶם אֶחָֽד׃", "text": "*hălōʾ-ḇabbeṭen ʿōśēnî* *ʿāśāhû* and-*yəḵûnennû bāreḥem ʾeḥād*", "grammar": { "*hălōʾ*": "interrogative particle with negative - did not", "*ḇabbeṭen*": "preposition with definite article and noun, feminine singular - in the womb", "*ʿōśēnî*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - [one] making me", "*ʿāśāhû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he made him", "*yəḵûnennû*": "verb, polel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he formed him", "*bāreḥem*": "preposition with definite article and noun, masculine singular - in the womb", "*ʾeḥād*": "adjective, masculine singular - one" }, "variants": { "*ʿōśēnî*": "my maker/one making me", "*ʿāśāhû*": "made him/created him", "*yəḵûnennû*": "formed him/fashioned him/prepared him", "*reḥem*": "womb/belly", "*ʾeḥād*": "one/same" } }
- Prov 14:31 : 31 { "verseID": "Proverbs.14.31", "source": "עֹ֣שֵֽׁק־דָּ֭ל חֵרֵ֣ף עֹשֵׂ֑הוּ וּ֝מְכַבְּד֗וֹ חֹנֵ֥ן אֶבְיֽוֹן׃", "text": "*ʿōšēq-dāl* *ḥērēp* *ʿōśēhû* and *məḵabbədô* *ḥōnēn* *ʾebyôn*", "grammar": { "*ʿōšēq-dāl*": "masculine singular Qal participle + masculine singular adjective - oppressor of poor", "*ḥērēp*": "3rd person masculine singular Piel perfect - he reproaches", "*ʿōśēhû*": "masculine singular Qal participle + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his Maker", "*məḵabbədô*": "masculine singular Piel participle + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - one honoring Him", "*ḥōnēn*": "masculine singular Qal participle - showing favor to", "*ʾebyôn*": "masculine singular adjective - needy" }, "variants": { "*ʿōšēq*": "oppresses/exploits/defrauds", "*dāl*": "poor/weak/thin", "*ḥērēp*": "reproaches/taunts/insults", "*ʿōśēhû*": "his Maker/his Creator/One who made him", "*məḵabbədô*": "honors Him/glorifies Him/respects Him", "*ḥōnēn*": "shows favor to/is gracious to/treats kindly", "*ʾebyôn*": "needy/poor/destitute" } }
- Eccl 5:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Ecclesiastes.5.8", "source": "וְיִתְר֥וֹן אֶ֖רֶץ בַּכֹּ֣ל *היא **ה֑וּא מֶ֥לֶךְ לְשָׂדֶ֖ה נֶעֱבָֽד׃", "text": "And *yiṯrôn* *ʾereṣ* in *bakkōl* *hûʾ*, *meleḵ* to *śāḏeh* *neʿĕḇāḏ*", "grammar": { "*yiṯrôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - advantage/profit of", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - land/earth/ground", "*bakkōl*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the all/everything", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he/it", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular - king", "*śāḏeh*": "noun, masculine singular - field", "*neʿĕḇāḏ*": "niphal participle, masculine singular - being served/cultivated/worked" }, "variants": { "*yiṯrôn*": "profit/advantage/excess/excellency", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/earth/ground/territory/country", "*neʿĕḇāḏ*": "being served/worked/cultivated/tilled", "*hûʾ*": "he/it (text shows alternate reading between masculine and feminine forms)" } }
- Isa 3:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Isaiah.3.14", "source": "יְהוָה֙ בְּמִשְׁפָּ֣ט יָב֔וֹא עִם־זִקְנֵ֥י עַמּ֖וֹ וְשָׂרָ֑יו וְאַתֶּם֙ בִּֽעַרְתֶּ֣ם הַכֶּ֔רֶם גְּזֵלַ֥ת הֶֽעָנִ֖י בְּבָתֵּיכֶֽם", "text": "*YHWH* in-*mišpāṭ* *yābôʾ* with-*ziqnê* *ʿammô* and-*śārāyw*; and-*ʾattem* *biʿartem* the-*kerem*, *gəzēlat* the-*ʿānî* in-*bāttêkem*", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*bəmišpāṭ*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular - in judgment", "*yābôʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will come/enter", "*ʿim*": "preposition - with", "*ziqnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - elders of", "*ʿammô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his people", "*śārāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his princes", "*ʾattem*": "2nd person masculine plural pronoun - you", "*biʿartem*": "Piel perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you have consumed/destroyed", "*hakerem*": "definite noun, masculine singular - the vineyard", "*gəzēlat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - plunder of", "*heʿānî*": "definite adjective, masculine singular - the poor/afflicted", "*bəbāttêkem*": "preposition with noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - in your houses" }, "variants": { "*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/justice/legal case", "*bôʾ*": "come/enter/arrive", "*zāqēn*": "elder/old man/aged one", "*ʿam*": "people/nation/folk", "*śar*": "prince/official/captain", "*biʿēr*": "consumed/destroyed/burned", "*kerem*": "vineyard/orchard/plantation", "*gəzēlāh*": "plunder/spoil/what is stolen", "*ʿānî*": "poor/afflicted/humble", "*bayit*": "house/home/household" } }
- Prov 22:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Proverbs.22.2", "source": "עָשִׁ֣יר וָרָ֣שׁ נִפְגָּ֑שׁוּ עֹשֵׂ֖ה כֻלָּ֣ם יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*'āšîr* and *rāš* *nipgāšû*, *'ōśêh* all-of-them *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*'āšîr*": "adjective used as noun, masculine singular - rich man", "*rāš*": "adjective used as noun, masculine singular - poor man", "*nipgāšû*": "verb, Niphal perfect, 3rd person plural - they meet/encounter each other", "*'ōśêh*": "verb, Qal participle, masculine singular construct - maker of", "all-of-them": "noun with pronominal suffix, *kullām* - all of them", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD" }, "variants": { "*'āšîr*": "rich (person)/wealthy one", "*rāš*": "poor (person)/impoverished one", "*nipgāšû*": "they meet/they encounter one another", "*'ōśêh*": "maker/creator/doer" } }
- Heb 12:28 : 28 { "verseID": "Hebrews.12.28", "source": "Διὸ βασιλείαν ἀσάλευτον παραλαμβάνοντες, ἔχωμεν χάριν, διʼ ἧς λατρεύωμεν εὐαρέστως τῷ Θεῷ μετὰ αἰδοῦς καὶ εὐλαβείας:", "text": "Therefore *basileian asaleuton paralambanontes*, let us *echōmen charin*, through which let us *latreuōmen euarestōs* to *Theō* with *aidous* and *eulabeias*:", "grammar": { "*basileian*": "noun, accusative, singular, feminine - kingdom", "*asaleuton*": "adjective, accusative, singular, feminine - unshakable", "*paralambanontes*": "participle, present active, nominative, plural, masculine - receiving", "*echōmen*": "verb, present active subjunctive, 1st person plural - let us have", "*charin*": "noun, accusative, singular, feminine - grace/gratitude", "*latreuōmen*": "verb, present active subjunctive, 1st person plural - let us serve/worship", "*euarestōs*": "adverb - acceptably/pleasingly", "*Theō*": "noun, dative, singular, masculine - to God", "*aidous*": "noun, genitive, singular, feminine - of reverence/respect", "*eulabeias*": "noun, genitive, singular, feminine - of godly fear/reverence" }, "variants": { "*asaleuton*": "unshakable/immovable/that cannot be shaken", "*paralambanontes*": "receiving/accepting/taking", "*charin*": "grace/gratitude/thankfulness", "*latreuōmen*": "let us serve/worship/render religious service", "*euarestōs*": "acceptably/pleasingly/in a way that pleases", "*aidous*": "reverence/respect/modesty", "*eulabeias*": "godly fear/reverence/awe" } }
- Job 36:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Job.36.19", "source": "הֲיַעֲרֹ֣ךְ שׁ֭וּעֲךָ לֹ֣א בְצָ֑ר וְ֝כֹ֗ל מַאֲמַצֵּי־כֹֽחַ׃", "text": "*hăyaʿărōk* *šûʿăkā* *lōʾ* *bəṣār* *wə-kōl* *maʾămaṣṣê-kōaḥ*", "grammar": { "*hăyaʿărōk*": "interrogative particle + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will it arrange/set in order", "*šûʿăkā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your cry", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*bəṣār*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - in distress", "*wə-kōl*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and all", "*maʾămaṣṣê-kōaḥ*": "noun, masculine plural construct + noun, masculine singular - exertions of strength" }, "variants": { "*yaʿărōk*": "arranges/sets in order/prepares", "*šûaʿ*": "cry/wealth/prosperity", "*ṣār*": "distress/adversity/trouble", "*maʾămaṣṣê-kōaḥ*": "exertions of strength/efforts of power" } }
- Ps 2:2-4 : 2 { "verseID": "Psalms.2.2", "source": "יִ֥תְיַצְּב֨וּ ׀ מַלְכֵי־אֶ֗רֶץ וְרוֹזְנִ֥ים נֽוֹסְדוּ־יָ֑חַד עַל־יְ֝הוָה וְעַל־מְשִׁיחֽוֹ", "text": "*yiṯyaṣṣəḇû* *malḵê*-*ʾereṣ* *wə-rôzənîm* *nôsəḏû*-*yāḥaḏ* *ʿal*-*YHWH* *wə-ʿal*-*məšîḥô*", "grammar": { "*yiṯyaṣṣəḇû*": "hithpael imperfect, 3rd person plural - they set themselves/take a stand", "*malḵê*": "construct masculine plural noun - kings of", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular noun - earth/land", "*wə-rôzənîm*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun - and rulers/princes", "*nôsəḏû*": "niphal perfect, 3rd person plural - they take counsel together/consult together", "*yāḥaḏ*": "adverb - together/unitedly", "*ʿal*": "preposition - against/upon", "*YHWH*": "proper name - LORD/Yahweh", "*wə-ʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and against", "*məšîḥô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his anointed one" }, "variants": { "*yiṯyaṣṣəḇû*": "take a stand/set themselves/station themselves", "*rôzənîm*": "rulers/princes/potentates", "*nôsəḏû*": "consult together/take counsel together/conspire", "*məšîḥô*": "his anointed one/his messiah" } } 3 { "verseID": "Psalms.2.3", "source": "נְֽ֭נַתְּקָה אֶת־מֽוֹסְרוֹתֵ֑ימוֹ וְנַשְׁלִ֖יכָה מִמֶּ֣נּוּ עֲבֹתֵֽימוֹ", "text": "*nənatəqâ* *ʾeṯ*-*môsərôṯêmô* *wə-našlîḵâ* *mimmennû* *ʿăḇōṯêmô*", "grammar": { "*nənatəqâ*": "piel cohortative, 1st person plural - let us tear off/break", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*môsərôṯêmô*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their bonds/fetters", "*wə-našlîḵâ*": "conjunction + hiphil cohortative, 1st person plural - and let us cast away", "*mimmennû*": "preposition + 1st person plural suffix - from us", "*ʿăḇōṯêmô*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their cords/ropes" }, "variants": { "*nənatəqâ*": "let us tear off/break/snap", "*môsərôṯêmô*": "their bonds/fetters/restraints", "*našlîḵâ*": "let us cast away/throw off/fling", "*ʿăḇōṯêmô*": "their cords/ropes/bonds" } } 4 { "verseID": "Psalms.2.4", "source": "יוֹשֵׁ֣ב בַּשָּׁמַ֣יִם יִשְׂחָ֑ק אֲ֝דֹנָ֗י יִלְעַג־לָֽמוֹ", "text": "*yôšēḇ* *baššāmayim* *yiśḥāq* *ʾăḏōnāy* *yilʿaḡ*-*lāmô*", "grammar": { "*yôšēḇ*": "qal participle, masculine singular - the one sitting/dwelling", "*baššāmayim*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - in the heavens", "*yiśḥāq*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he laughs/mocks", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "proper noun - Lord/Master", "*yilʿaḡ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he scoffs/mocks/derides", "*lāmô*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - at them" }, "variants": { "*yôšēḇ*": "one sitting/dwelling/enthroned", "*yiśḥāq*": "laughs/mocks/ridicules", "*yilʿaḡ*": "scoffs/mocks/derides/holds in derision" } }
- Ps 49:6-7 : 6 { "verseID": "Psalms.49.6", "source": "לָ֣מָּה אִ֭ירָא בִּ֣ימֵי רָ֑ע עֲוֺ֖ן עֲקֵבַ֣י יְסוּבֵּֽנִי׃", "text": "*lāmmāh* *ʾîrāʾ* in-*yəmê* *rāʿ* *ʿăwōn* *ʿăqēbay* *yəsubbēnî*", "grammar": { "*lāmmāh*": "interrogative - 'why'", "*ʾîrāʾ*": "verb qal imperfect 1st person singular - 'I should fear'", "*yəmê*": "noun masculine plural construct - 'days of'", "*rāʿ*": "adjective masculine singular - 'evil/adversity'", "*ʿăwōn*": "noun masculine singular - 'iniquity/guilt'", "*ʿăqēbay*": "noun masculine dual with 1st person suffix - 'my heels'", "*yəsubbēnî*": "verb qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person suffix - 'surrounds me'" }, "variants": { "*rāʿ*": "evil/adversity/calamity", "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment", "*ʿăqēbay*": "my heels/footsteps/tracks" } } 7 { "verseID": "Psalms.49.7", "source": "הַבֹּטְחִ֥ים עַל־חֵילָ֑ם וּבְרֹ֥ב עָ֝שְׁרָ֗ם יִתְהַלָּֽלוּ׃", "text": "The-*bōṭəḥîm* upon-*ḥêlām* *û*-in-*rōb* *ʿošrām* *yithallālû*", "grammar": { "*bōṭəḥîm*": "verb qal participle masculine plural with definite article - 'those who trust'", "*ḥêlām*": "noun masculine singular with 3rd person plural suffix - 'their wealth/strength'", "*û*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*rōb*": "noun masculine singular construct - 'abundance of'", "*ʿošrām*": "noun masculine singular with 3rd person plural suffix - 'their riches'", "*yithallālû*": "verb hithpael imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - 'they boast'" }, "variants": { "*ḥêlām*": "their wealth/strength/power/might", "*rōb*": "abundance/greatness/multitude", "*yithallālû*": "they boast/praise themselves/glory" } }
- Job 10:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Job.10.3", "source": "הֲט֤וֹב לְךָ֨ ׀ כִּֽי־תַעֲשֹׁ֗ק כִּֽי־תִ֭מְאַס יְגִ֣יעַ כַּפֶּ֑יךָ וְעַל־עֲצַ֖ת רְשָׁעִ֣ים הוֹפָֽעְתָּ׃", "text": "?*hăṭôb* to you that *taʿăšōq* that *timʾas* *yəgîaʿ* *kappêkā* and upon *ʿăṣat* *rəšāʿîm* *hôpāʿtā*", "grammar": { "*hăṭôb*": "interrogative particle + adjective, masculine singular - is it good", "*taʿăšōq*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you oppress", "*timʾas*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you despise/reject", "*yəgîaʿ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - labor/work of", "*kappêkā*": "noun, dual construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your hands", "*ʿăṣat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - counsel/plan of", "*rəšāʿîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - wicked ones", "*hôpāʿtā*": "Hiphil perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shine/show favor" }, "variants": { "*hăṭôb*": "is it good/is it pleasing/does it benefit", "*taʿăšōq*": "you oppress/you mistreat/you deal harshly", "*timʾas*": "you despise/you reject/you spurn", "*yəgîaʿ*": "labor/work/product", "*ʿăṣat*": "counsel/plan/scheme", "*hôpāʿtā*": "you shine/you show favor/you smile upon" } }
- Job 12:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Job.12.19", "source": "מוֹלִ֣יךְ כֹּהֲנִ֣ים שׁוֹלָ֑ל וְאֵ֖תָנִ֣ים יְסַלֵּֽף׃", "text": "*môlîk* *kōhănîm* *šôlāl* *wə-ʾētānîm* *yəsallēp*", "grammar": { "*môlîk*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - leading", "*kōhănîm*": "noun, masculine plural - priests", "*šôlāl*": "noun, masculine singular - stripped/barefoot/plundered", "*wə-ʾētānîm*": "conjunction + adjective, masculine plural - and mighty ones", "*yəsallēp*": "piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he overthrows" }, "variants": { "*môlîk*": "leads/brings/causes to walk", "*kōhănîm*": "priests/religious officials", "*šôlāl*": "stripped/plundered/barefoot/captive", "*ʾētānîm*": "mighty ones/established ones/powerful men", "*yəsallēp*": "overthrows/subverts/perverts" } }
- Job 12:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Job.12.21", "source": "שׁוֹפֵ֣ךְ בּ֭וּז עַל־נְדִיבִ֑ים וּמְזִ֖יחַ אֲפִיקִ֣ים רִפָּֽה׃", "text": "*šôpēk* *bûz* *ʿal-nədîbîm* *û-məzîaḥ* *ʾăpîqîm* *rippâ*", "grammar": { "*šôpēk*": "qal participle, masculine singular - pouring", "*bûz*": "noun, masculine singular - contempt", "*ʿal-nədîbîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - upon nobles", "*û-məzîaḥ*": "conjunction + hiphil participle, masculine singular - and loosening", "*ʾăpîqîm*": "noun, masculine plural - belts/restraints", "*rippâ*": "piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he weakens" }, "variants": { "*šôpēk*": "pours/spills/sheds", "*bûz*": "contempt/scorn/derision", "*nədîbîm*": "nobles/princes/generous ones", "*məzîaḥ*": "loosening/slackening", "*ʾăpîqîm*": "belts/restraints/strength/mighty ones", "*rippâ*": "weakens/relaxes" } }
- Job 13:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Job.13.8", "source": "הֲפָנָ֥יו תִּשָּׂא֑וּן אִם־לָאֵ֥ל תְּרִיבֽוּן׃", "text": "*hăpānāyw* *tiśśāʾûn* *ʾim*-*lāʾēl* *terîbûn*", "grammar": { "*hăpānāyw*": "interrogative particle + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his face", "*tiśśāʾûn*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you lift up/show partiality", "*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if", "*lāʾēl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - for God", "*terîbûn*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you contend/argue" }, "variants": { "*pānāyw* *tiśśāʾûn*": "show partiality/be partial to/show favoritism", "*terîbûn*": "contend/argue/strive" } }
- Lev 19:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Leviticus.19.15", "source": "לֹא־תַעֲשׂ֥וּ עָ֙וֶל֙ בַּמִּשְׁפָּ֔ט לֹא־תִשָּׂ֣א פְנֵי־דָ֔ל וְלֹ֥א תֶהְדַּ֖ר פְּנֵ֣י גָד֑וֹל בְּצֶ֖דֶק תִּשְׁפֹּ֥ט עֲמִיתֶֽךָ", "text": "*lōʾ*-*ṯaʿăśû* *ʿāwel* *bammišpāṭ* *lōʾ*-*ṯiśśāʾ* *pənê*-*ḏāl* *wə-lōʾ* *ṯehdar* *pənê* *gāḏôl* *bəṣeḏeq* *tišpōṭ* *ʿămîṯeḵā*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ṯaʿăśû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall do", "*ʿāwel*": "noun, masculine singular - injustice/wrong", "*bammišpāṭ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in judgment", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ṯiśśāʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall lift up/show partiality to", "*pənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face of", "*ḏāl*": "adjective, masculine singular - poor/weak", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ṯehdar*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall honor/favor", "*pənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face of", "*gāḏôl*": "adjective, masculine singular - great/mighty", "*bəṣeḏeq*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - in righteousness", "*tišpōṭ*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall judge", "*ʿămîṯeḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your neighbor" }, "variants": { "*ʿāwel*": "injustice/wrong/unrighteousness", "*ṯiśśāʾ* *pənê*": "show partiality to/be partial to/favor", "*ṯehdar*": "honor/favor/show deference to", "*ṣeḏeq*": "righteousness/justice/fairness", "*ʿămîṯeḵā*": "your neighbor/fellow/companion/friend" } }