Verse 27

{ "verseID": "Leviticus.18.27", "source": "כִּ֚י אֶת־כָּל־הַתּוֹעֵבֹ֣ת הָאֵ֔ל עָשׂ֥וּ אַנְשֵֽׁי־הָאָ֖רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לִפְנֵיכֶ֑ם וַתִּטְמָ֖א הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "For *kî* *ʾet*-*kol*-*hattôʿēbōt* *hāʾēl* *ʿāśû* *ʾanšê*-*hāʾārets* *ʾăšer* before you *lipnêkem* and *wattiṭmāʾ* *hāʾārets*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*hattôʿēbōt*": "definite article + noun, feminine plural - the abominations", "*hāʾēl*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, common plural - these", "*ʿāśû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they did", "*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of", "*hāʾārets*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who/which", "*lipnêkem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural + 2nd masculine plural suffix - before you", "*wattiṭmāʾ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and was defiled", "*hāʾārets*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land" }, "variants": { "*tôʿēbōt*": "abominations/detestable things/abhorrent practices", "*ʿāśû*": "they did/they practiced/they performed", "*ʾanšê*": "men of/people of/inhabitants of", "*wattiṭmāʾ*": "and was defiled/and became unclean/and was polluted" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  For alle disse avskyelige handlingene ble gjort av de mennesker som bodde i landet før dere, og landet ble urent.

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  For alle disse avskyelighetene har folkene i landet gjort før dere, derfor ble landet urent.

• Norsk King James

  For alle disse avskyelighetene har folkene i landet gjort før dere, og landet er vanhelliget.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  for menneskene som var der før dere gjorde alle disse avskyelighetene, og landet ble urent.

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  For alle disse avskyelige tingene har menneskene i landet gjort, de som var før dere, og landet er blitt urent.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  For alle disse vederstyggelighetene har menneskene i landet gjort, de som var der før dere, og landet er blitt urent.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  For alle disse styggedommene ble begått av folkeslagene som levde før dere, og dette gjorde landet urent.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  For alle disse vederstyggelighetene har menneskene i landet gjort, de som var der før dere, og landet er blitt urent.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  For alle disse avskyeligheter ble gjort av folket som var der før dere, så landet ble urent.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  For all these abominations were committed by the people who lived in the land before you, and the land was defiled.

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  For alle disse avskyelige tingene gjorde menneskene i landet som var før dere, og landet ble urent.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  thi dette Lands Folk, som er for eder, haver gjort alle disse Vederstyggeligheder, og Landet er blevet ureent —

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  (For all these abominations have the men of the land done, which were before you, and the land is defid;)

• KJV 1769 norsk

  For alle disse avskyelighetene ble begått av menneskene i landet før dere, og landet ble urent.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  For all these abominations have the men of the land done, who were before you, and the land is defiled;

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  For all these abominations have the men of the land done, which were before you, and the land is defiled;)

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  (for alle disse avskyelighetene har mennene i landet gjort før dere, og landet ble urent);

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  For alle disse avskyelige tingene har menneskene i landet gjort, de som var før dere, og landet ble urent.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  (for alle disse avskyelighetene har landets menn gjort, de som var før dere, og landet er forurenset);

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  (For alle disse avskyelige handlingene ble gjort av de menneskene som var i landet før dere, og landet har blitt urent av dem;)

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  (for all these abhominacions haue the men of the lande done whiche were there before you, and the lande is defiled)

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  (for all soch abhominacions haue ye people of this lode done which were before you, & haue defyled the lande)

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  (For all these abominations haue the men of the land done, which were before you, and the land is defiled:

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  (For all these abhominations, haue the men of the lande done whiche were before you, and the lande is defiled.)

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  (For all these abominations have the men of the land done, which [were] before you, and the land is defiled;)

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  (for all these abominations have the men of the land done, that were before you, and the land became defiled);

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  (for all these abominations have the men of the land done who `are' before you, and the land is defiled),

• American Standard Version (1901)

  (for all these abominations have the men of the land done, that were before you, and the land is defiled);

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  (For all these disgusting things were done by the men of this country who were there before you, and the land has been made unclean by them;)

• World English Bible (2000)

  (for all these abominations have the men of the land done, that were before you, and the land became defiled);

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  for the people who were in the land before you have done all these abominations, and the land has become unclean.

Referenced Verses

• Lev 18:24 : 24 { "verseID": "Leviticus.18.24", "source": "אַל־תִּֽטַּמְּא֖וּ בְּכָל־אֵ֑לֶּה כִּ֤י בְכָל־אֵ֙לֶּה֙ נִטְמְא֣וּ הַגּוֹיִ֔ם אֲשֶׁר־אֲנִ֥י מְשַׁלֵּ֖חַ מִפְּנֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "Not *ʾal*-*tiṭṭammʾû* in *bəkāl*-*ʾēlleh* for *kî* in *bəkāl*-*ʾēlleh* *niṭməʾû* *haggôyim* *ʾăšer*-*ʾănî* *məšallēaḥ* from before you *mippənêkem*", "grammar": { "*ʾal*": "negative particle [for prohibition] - not/do not", "*tiṭṭammʾû*": "Hitpael imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall defile yourselves", "*bəkāl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in any/with any", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, common plural - these", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*bəkāl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in all/with all", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, common plural - these", "*niṭməʾû*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - they became defiled", "*haggôyim*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the nations", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - whom/which", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*məšallēaḥ*": "Piel participle, masculine singular - sending away/driving out", "*mippənêkem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - from before you" }, "variants": { "*tiṭṭammʾû*": "you shall defile yourselves/you shall become unclean", "*niṭməʾû*": "they became defiled/they were made unclean", "*haggôyim*": "the nations/the gentiles/the peoples", "*məšallēaḥ*": "sending away/driving out/expelling" } }
• Deut 20:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.20.18", "source": "לְמַ֗עַן אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹֽא־יְלַמְּד֤וּ אֶתְכֶם֙ לַעֲשׂ֔וֹת כְּכֹל֙ תּֽוֹעֲבֹתָ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשׂ֖וּ לֵֽאלֹהֵיהֶ֑ם וַחֲטָאתֶ֖ם לַיהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "For *ləma'an* *ʾăšer* not *yəlamməḏû* you to do *kəḵōl* *tô'ăḇōtām* *ʾăšer* they did to their *lēʾlōhêhem* and you would sin against *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêḵem*.", "grammar": { "*ləma'an*": "preposition + conjunction - in order that/so that", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which/that", "לֹֽא": "negative particle - not", "*yəlamməḏû*": "piel imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will teach", "אֶתְכֶם֙": "direct object marker with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - you (plural)", "לַעֲשׂ֔וֹת": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to do", "*kəḵōl*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - according to all of", "*tô'ăḇōtām*": "noun feminine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their abominations", "עָשׂ֖וּ": "qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they did/made", "*lēʾlōhêhem*": "preposition + noun masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to/for their gods", "וַחֲטָאתֶ֖ם": "conjunction + qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - and you would sin", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhêḵem*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your God" }, "variants": { "*ləma'an*": "in order that/so that/for the purpose that", "*tô'ăḇōtām*": "their abominations/detestable practices/abhorrent rituals", "*lēʾlōhêhem*": "to their gods/for their deities", "*YHWH*": "the proper name of Israel's God/often translated as LORD" } }
• Deut 23:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.23.18", "source": "לֹא־תִהְיֶ֥ה קְדֵשָׁ֖ה מִבְּנ֣וֹת יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְלֹֽא־יִהְיֶ֥ה קָדֵ֖שׁ מִבְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵל׃", "text": "Not *tihyeh* *qədēšâ* from-*bənôt* *yiśrāʾēl* and-not *yihyeh* *qādēš* from-*bənê* *yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - there shall be", "*qədēšâ*": "feminine singular noun - cult prostitute/sacred woman", "*mi*": "preposition - from", "*bənôt*": "feminine plural construct - daughters of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - there shall be", "*qādēš*": "masculine singular noun - cult prostitute/sacred man", "*mi*": "preposition - from", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*qədēšâ*": "cult prostitute/sacred woman/temple prostitute", "*bənôt*": "daughters/young women/female descendants", "*qādēš*": "cult prostitute/sacred man/male temple prostitute", "*bənê*": "sons/male descendants/children" } }
• Deut 25:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.25.16", "source": "כִּ֧י תוֹעֲבַ֛ת יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ כָּל־עֹ֣שֵׂה אֵ֑לֶּה כֹּ֖ל עֹ֥שֵׂה עָֽוֶל׃", "text": "For *tôʿăbat* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* all-*ʿōśēh* these all *ʿōśēh* *ʿāwel*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for", "*tôʿăbat*": "noun feminine singular construct - abomination of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - YHWH/the LORD", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*kol*": "noun masculine singular construct - all of", "*ʿōśēh*": "qal participle masculine singular construct - doer of", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun - these", "*kōl*": "noun masculine singular - all", "*ʿōśēh*": "qal participle masculine singular construct - doer of", "*ʿāwel*": "noun masculine singular - injustice" }, "variants": { "*tôʿăbat*": "abomination/detestable thing", "*ʿōśēh*": "doer/one who does/practicer", "*ʿāwel*": "injustice/unrighteousness/wrong" } }
• Deut 27:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.27.15", "source": "אָר֣וּר הָאִ֡ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יַעֲשֶׂה֩ פֶ֨סֶל וּמַסֵּכָ֜ה תּוֹעֲבַ֣ת יְהוָ֗ה מַעֲשֵׂ֛ה יְדֵ֥י חָרָ֖שׁ וְשָׂ֣ם בַּסָּ֑תֶר וְעָנ֧וּ כָל־הָעָ֛ם וְאָמְר֖וּ אָמֵֽן׃", "text": "*ʾārûr* *hā-ʾîš* *ʾăšer* *yaʿăśeh* *pesel* *û-massēkāh* *tôʿăḇat* *YHWH* *maʿăśēh* *yədê* *ḥārāš* *wə-śām* *bas-sāter* *wə-ʿānû* *kol*-*hā-ʿām* *wə-ʾāmrû* *ʾāmēn*", "grammar": { "*ʾārûr*": "Qal passive participle masculine singular - cursed", "*hā-ʾîš*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the man", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who", "*yaʿăśeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - makes", "*pesel*": "noun masculine singular - carved image", "*û-massēkāh*": "conjunctive waw + noun feminine singular - and molten image", "*tôʿăḇat*": "noun feminine singular construct - abomination of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*maʿăśēh*": "noun masculine singular construct - work of", "*yədê*": "noun feminine dual construct - hands of", "*ḥārāš*": "noun masculine singular - craftsman", "*wə-śām*": "conjunctive waw + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and sets/places", "*bas-sāter*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine singular - in secret", "*wə-ʿānû*": "conjunctive waw + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural - and shall answer", "*kol*": "noun masculine singular construct - all", "*hā-ʿām*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the people", "*wə-ʾāmrû*": "conjunctive waw + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural - and shall say", "*ʾāmēn*": "adverb - amen/truly/so be it" }, "variants": { "*ʾārûr*": "cursed/banned/under divine judgment", "*pesel*": "carved image/idol/graven image", "*massēkāh*": "molten image/cast idol/metal statue", "*tôʿăḇat*": "abomination/detestable thing", "*ḥārāš*": "craftsman/artisan/engraver", "*śām*": "places/sets/puts", "*sāter*": "secret/hiding/concealment", "*ʾāmēn*": "truly/so be it/verily" } }
• 1 Kgs 14:24 : 24 { "verseID": "1 Kings.14.24", "source": "וְגַם־קָדֵ֖שׁ הָיָ֣ה בָאָ֑רֶץ עָשׂ֗וּ כְּכֹל֙ הַתּוֹעֲבֹ֣ת הַגּוֹיִ֔ם אֲשֶׁר֙ הוֹרִ֣ישׁ יְהוָ֔ה מִפְּנֵ֖י בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "And-also-*qādēš* *hāyâ* in-the-*ʾāreṣ*; *ʿāśû* according-to-all the-*tôʿēbōt* the-*gôyim* which *hôrîš* *YHWH* from-before *bĕnê* *Yiśrāʾēl*.", "grammar": { "*qādēš*": "masculine singular - male cult prostitute", "*hāyâ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was/existed", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular - land/earth", "*ʿāśû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they did", "*tôʿēbōt*": "feminine plural construct - abominations of", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural - nations", "*hôrîš*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he dispossessed/drove out", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*bĕnê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun" }, "variants": { "*qādēš*": "male cult prostitute/ritual sodomite/male shrine prostitute", "*hāyâ*": "was/existed/appeared", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/country", "*tôʿēbōt*": "abominations/detestable things/abhorrent practices", "*hôrîš*": "dispossessed/drove out/expelled" } }
• 2 Kgs 16:3 : 3 { "verseID": "2 Kings.16.3", "source": "וַיֵּ֕לֶךְ בְּדֶ֖רֶךְ מַלְכֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְגַ֤ם אֶת־בְּנוֹ֙ הֶעֱבִ֣יר בָּאֵ֔שׁ כְּתֹֽעֲבוֹת֙ הַגּוֹיִ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֨ר הוֹרִ֤ישׁ יְהוָה֙ אֹתָ֔ם מִפְּנֵ֖י בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל", "text": "*wayyēleḵ* in *dereḵ* *malḵê* *yiśrāʾēl* *wə-ḡam* *ʾeṯ*-*bənô* *heʿĕḇîr* in *hāʾēš* according to *tōʿăḇôṯ* *haggôyim* which *hôrîš* *YHWH* *ʾōṯām* from *pənê* *bənê* *yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wayyēleḵ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he walked", "*dereḵ*": "feminine singular construct - way of/path of", "*malḵê*": "masculine plural construct - kings of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - Israel", "*wə-ḡam*": "conjunction + particle - and also", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*bənô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his son", "*heʿĕḇîr*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he caused to pass/transfer", "*hāʾēš*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the fire", "*tōʿăḇôṯ*": "feminine plural construct - abominations of", "*haggôyim*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the nations", "*hôrîš*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he dispossessed", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾōṯām*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine plural suffix - them", "*pənê*": "masculine plural construct - faces of/before", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of/children of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - Israel" }, "variants": { "*heʿĕḇîr* in *hāʾēš*": "caused to pass through fire/burned/sacrificed", "*hôrîš*": "dispossessed/drove out/expelled" } }
• 2 Kgs 21:2 : 2 { "verseID": "2Kings.21.2", "source": "וַיַּ֥עַשׂ הָרַ֖ע בְּעֵינֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה כְּתֽוֹעֲבֹת֙ הַגּוֹיִ֔ם אֲשֶׁר֙ הוֹרִ֣ישׁ יְהוָ֔ה מִפְּנֵ֖י בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*wa-ya'as* the-*ra'* in-*'êynêy* *YHWH* *ketô'ăbôt* the-*gôyim* *'ăsher* *hôrîsh* *YHWH* from-*penêy* *benêy* *Yisrā'ēl*", "grammar": { "*wa-ya'as*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he did", "*ra'*": "noun with definite article - the evil", "*'êynêy*": "construct plural noun - eyes of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*ketô'ăbôt*": "preposition + feminine plural noun - like/according to the abominations of", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the nations/gentiles", "*'ăsher*": "relative particle - whom/which", "*hôrîsh*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - he dispossessed/drove out", "*penêy*": "construct state - face of/before", "*benêy*": "construct plural - sons of/children of", "*Yisrā'ēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*ra'*": "evil/wickedness/calamity", "*'êynêy*": "eyes/sight/presence", "*hôrîsh*": "dispossessed/drove out/destroyed", "*penêy*": "before/from the presence of/from before" } }
• 2 Chr 36:14 : 14 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.36.14", "source": "גַּ֠ם כָּל־שָׂרֵ֨י הַכֹּהֲנִ֤ים וְהָעָם֙ הִרְבּ֣וּ לִמְעָול־מַ֔עַל כְּכֹ֖ל תֹּעֲב֣וֹת הַגּוֹיִ֑ם וַֽיְטַמְּאוּ֙ אֶת־בֵּ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר הִקְדִּ֖ישׁ בִּירוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃", "text": "Also all-*śārê* the-*kōhănîm* and-the-*ʿām* *hirbû* to-*limĕʿôl-maʿal* like-all *tôʿăbôt* the-*gôyim* and *wayĕṭammĕʾû* *ʾet-bêt* *yhwh* which *hiqdîš* in-*yərûšālāim*", "grammar": { "*śārê*": "masculine plural construct noun - chiefs/officials of", "*kōhănîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the priests", "*ʿām*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the people", "*hirbû*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person common plural - they increased/multiplied", "*limĕʿôl-maʿal*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition + masculine singular noun - to act unfaithfully with unfaithfulness", "*tôʿăbôt*": "feminine plural construct noun - abominations of", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the nations", "*wayĕṭammĕʾû*": "waw consecutive + Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they defiled", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bêt*": "masculine singular construct noun - house of", "*yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH/LORD", "*hiqdîš*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he sanctified", "*yərûšālāim*": "proper noun with locative preposition - in Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*hirbû*": "increased/multiplied/did abundantly", "*limĕʿôl-maʿal*": "to act unfaithfully/to commit treachery/to transgress", "*tôʿăbôt*": "abominations/detestable practices/repulsive acts", "*wayĕṭammĕʾû*": "they defiled/they made unclean/they polluted" } }
• Ezek 16:50 : 50 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.50", "source": "וַֽתִּגְבְּהֶ֔ינָה וַתַּעֲשֶׂ֥ינָה תוֹעֵבָ֖ה לְפָנָ֑י וָאָסִ֥יר אֶתְהֶ֖ן כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר רָאִֽיתִי׃ ס", "text": "And *wattīgbəhênāh* and *wattaʿăśênāh* *tôʿēbāh* before *lǝpānāy*; and *wāʾāsīr* *ʾethên* according to what *rāʾîtî*.", "grammar": { "*wattīgbəhênāh*": "waw-consecutive + imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - and they became proud/haughty", "*wattaʿăśênāh*": "waw-consecutive + imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - and they did/made", "*tôʿēbāh*": "feminine singular noun - abomination", "*lǝpānāy*": "preposition + noun + 1st person singular suffix - before me/in my sight", "*wāʾāsīr*": "waw-consecutive + imperfect, 1st singular - and I removed/took away", "*ʾethên*": "direct object marker + 3rd feminine plural suffix - them", "*rāʾîtî*": "perfect, 1st singular - I saw" }, "variants": { "*tôʿēbāh*": "abomination/detestable thing/repulsive act", "*wattīgbəhênāh*": "they became high/proud/haughty/arrogant", "*wāʾāsīr*": "I removed/took away/destroyed", "*rāʾîtî*": "I saw/perceived/observed" } }
• Ezek 22:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.11", "source": "וְאִ֣ישׁ ׀ אֶת־אֵ֣שֶׁת רֵעֵ֗הוּ עָשָׂה֙ תּֽוֹעֵבָ֔ה וְאִ֥ישׁ אֶת־כַּלָּת֖וֹ טִמֵּ֣א בְזִמָּ֑ה וְאִ֛ישׁ אֶת־אֲחֹת֥וֹ בַת־אָבִ֖יו עִנָּה־בָֽךְ׃", "text": "And *ʾîš* *ʾeṯ*-*ʾēšeṯ* *rēʿēhû* *ʿāśāh* *tôʿēḇāh*, and *ʾîš* *ʾeṯ*-his *kallāṯô* *ṭimmēʾ* in *zimmāh*, and *ʾîš* *ʾeṯ*-his *ʾăḥōṯô* *ḇaṯ*-his *ʾāḇîw* *ʿinnāh*-in you", "grammar": { "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - 'man/each'", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*ʾēšeṯ*": "construct feminine singular noun - 'wife of'", "*rēʿēhû*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his neighbor'", "*ʿāśāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'he did/committed'", "*tôʿēḇāh*": "feminine singular noun - 'abomination'", "*kallāṯô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his daughter-in-law'", "*ṭimmēʾ*": "piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'he defiled'", "*zimmāh*": "feminine singular noun - 'lewdness'", "*ʾăḥōṯô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his sister'", "*ḇaṯ*": "construct feminine singular noun - 'daughter of'", "*ʾāḇîw*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his father'", "*ʿinnāh*": "piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'he humbled/violated'" }, "variants": { "*ʾîš*": "man/each one/some men", "*tôʿēḇāh*": "abomination/detestable act/abhorrent thing", "*ṭimmēʾ*": "defiled/made unclean", "*zimmāh*": "lewdness/depravity/wickedness", "*ʿinnāh*": "humbled/violated/raped/afflicted" } }
• Hos 9:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Hosea.9.10", "source": "כַּעֲנָבִ֣ים בַּמִּדְבָּ֗ר מָצָ֙אתִי֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל כְּבִכּוּרָ֤ה בִתְאֵנָה֙ בְּרֵ֣אשִׁיתָ֔הּ רָאִ֖יתִי אֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶ֑ם הֵ֜מָּה בָּ֣אוּ בַֽעַל־פְּע֗וֹר וַיִּנָּֽזְרוּ֙ לַבֹּ֔שֶׁת וַיִּהְי֥וּ שִׁקּוּצִ֖ים כְּאָהֳבָֽם׃", "text": "Like-*ʿănābîm* in-the-*midbār* *māṣāʾtî* *yiśrāʾēl*, like-*bikkûrāh* in-*teʾēnāh* in-*rēʾšîtāh* *rāʾîtî* *ʾăbôtêkem*; *hēmmāh* *bāʾû* *baʿal*-*peʿôr* and-*wayyinnāzerû* to-the-*bōšet* and-*wayyihyû* *šiqqûṣîm* like-*ʾāhŏbām*.", "grammar": { "*ʿănābîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'grapes'", "*midbār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the wilderness'", "*māṣāʾtî*": "qal perfect 1st singular - 'I found'", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - 'Israel'", "*bikkûrāh*": "feminine singular noun - 'early fig/first-ripe fig'", "*teʾēnāh*": "feminine singular noun - 'fig tree'", "*rēʾšîtāh*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'its beginning/first fruits'", "*rāʾîtî*": "qal perfect 1st singular - 'I saw'", "*ʾăbôtêkem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - 'your fathers'", "*hēmmāh*": "3rd masculine plural independent pronoun - 'they'", "*bāʾû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - 'they came'", "*baʿal*-*peʿôr*": "proper noun - 'Baal of Peor'", "*wayyinnāzerû*": "niphal consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'and they separated themselves'", "*bōšet*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - 'the shame'", "*wayyihyû*": "qal consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'and they became'", "*šiqqûṣîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'detestable things/abominations'", "*ʾāhŏbām*": "qal infinitive construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'their love'" }, "variants": { "*ʿănābîm*": "grapes/clusters of grapes", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/wasteland", "*bikkûrāh*": "early fig/first-ripe fig/first fruit", "*rēʾšîtāh*": "its beginning/its first fruits/its first time", "*baʿal*-*peʿôr*": "reference to incident in Numbers 25", "*wayyinnāzerû*": "and they separated themselves/they consecrated themselves/they devoted themselves", "*bōšet*": "the shame/disgrace/shameful thing (euphemism for Baal)", "*šiqqûṣîm*": "detestable things/abominations/idols", "*ʾāhŏbām*": "their love/their lover/what they loved" } }