Verse 19

{ "verseID": "Proverbs.18.19", "source": "אָ֗ח נִפְשָׁ֥ע מִקִּרְיַת־עֹ֑ז *ומדונים **וּ֝מִדְיָנִ֗ים כִּבְרִ֥יחַ אַרְמֽוֹן׃", "text": "*ʾāḥ* *nip̄šāʿ* than-*qiryaṯ*-*ʿōz* and-*miḏyānîm* like-*ḇərîaḥ* *ʾarmôn*", "grammar": { "*ʾāḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - brother/relative", "*nip̄šāʿ*": "verb, niphal participle, masculine singular - offended/transgressed against", "*qiryaṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - city of", "*ʿōz*": "noun, masculine singular - strength/might/fortress", "*miḏyānîm*": "noun, masculine plural - disputes/controversies/contentions", "*ḇərîaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - bar of/bolt of", "*ʾarmôn*": "noun, masculine singular - citadel/palace/fortress" }, "variants": { "*ʾāḥ*": "brother/relative/kinsman", "*nip̄šāʿ*": "offended/transgressed against/rebelled against", "*qiryaṯ*": "city/town", "*ʿōz*": "strength/might/fortress/stronghold", "*miḏyānîm*": "disputes/controversies/contentions/quarrels", "*ḇərîaḥ*": "bar/bolt/barrier", "*ʾarmôn*": "citadel/palace/fortress/castle" } }

Other Translations

Referenced Verses

  • Acts 15:39 : 39 { "verseID": "Acts.15.39", "source": "Ἐγένετο οὖν παροξυσμός, ὥστε ἀποχωρισθῆναι αὐτοὺς, ἀπʼ ἀλλήλων: τόν τε Βαρνάβαν παραλαβόντα τὸν Μάρκον, ἐκπλεῦσαι εἰς Κύπρον·", "text": "There *egeneto oun paroxysmos*, so as to *apochōristhēnai autous, ap' allēlōn*: both *Barnaban paralabonta ton Markon*, to *ekpleusai eis Kypron*;", "grammar": { "*egeneto*": "aorist, indicative, middle, 3rd person, singular - there was/occurred", "*oun*": "conjunction - therefore", "*paroxysmos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - sharp disagreement", "*hōste*": "conjunction - so that/with the result that", "*apochōristhēnai*": "aorist, infinitive, passive - to be separated", "*autous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - they", "*ap'*": "preposition + genitive - from", "*allēlōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - one another", "*ton te*": "accusative, masculine, singular + particle - and the", "*Barnaban*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Barnabas", "*paralabonta*": "aorist participle, active, accusative, masculine, singular - having taken", "*ton Markon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Mark", "*ekpleusai*": "aorist, infinitive, active - to sail away", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - to", "*Kypron*": "accusative, feminine, singular - Cyprus" }, "variants": { "*egeneto*": "there was/occurred/came about", "*paroxysmos*": "sharp disagreement/contention/irritation", "*apochōristhēnai*": "to be separated/parted/divided", "*paralabonta*": "having taken/taken with him", "*ekpleusai*": "to sail away/set sail" } }
  • Prov 6:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Proverbs.6.19", "source": "יָפִ֣יחַ כְּ֭זָבִים עֵ֣ד שָׁ֑קֶר וּמְשַׁלֵּ֥חַ מְ֝דָנִ֗ים בֵּ֣ין אַחִֽים׃ פ", "text": "*yāpîaḥ* *kəzāvîm* *ʿēd* *šāqer* and-*məšallēaḥ* *mədānîm* between *ʾaḥîm*", "grammar": { "*yāpîaḥ*": "verb, hiphil participle masculine singular - breathing out/uttering", "*kəzāvîm*": "noun, masculine plural - lies", "*ʿēd*": "noun, masculine singular - witness", "*šāqer*": "noun, masculine singular - falsehood/lie", "*məšallēaḥ*": "verb, piel participle masculine singular - sending out/causing", "*mədānîm*": "noun, masculine plural - strifes/contentions", "*ʾaḥîm*": "noun, masculine plural - brothers" }, "variants": { "*yāpîaḥ*": "breathing out/uttering/puffing out", "*kəzāvîm*": "lies/falsehoods/untruths", "*mədānîm*": "strifes/contentions/quarrels" } }
  • Prov 16:32 : 32 { "verseID": "Proverbs.16.32", "source": "ט֤וֹב אֶ֣רֶךְ אַ֭פַּיִם מִגִּבּ֑וֹר וּמֹשֵׁ֥ל בְּ֝רוּח֗וֹ מִלֹּכֵ֥ד עִֽיר׃", "text": "*ṭôḇ* *ʾerek* *ʾappayim* from-*gibbôr* and-*mōšēl* in-*rûḥô* from-*lōkēd* *ʿîr*", "grammar": { "*ṭôḇ*": "adjective, masculine, singular - good/better", "*ʾerek*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - slowness/patience", "*ʾappayim*": "noun, masculine, dual - nostrils/anger", "*min*": "preposition - from/than", "*gibbôr*": "adjective, masculine, singular - mighty man/warrior", "*wᵉ*": "conjunction - and", "*mōšēl*": "verb, Qal participle, masculine singular - ruler/one who rules", "*bᵉ*": "preposition - in/over", "*rûḥô*": "noun, feminine, singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his spirit", "*min*": "preposition - from/than", "*lōkēd*": "verb, Qal participle, masculine singular - one who captures", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine, singular - city" }, "variants": { "*ʾerek ʾappayim*": "slow to anger/patient/longsuffering", "*mōšēl bᵉrûḥô*": "ruler of his spirit/one who controls his temper", "*lōkēd ʿîr*": "one who captures a city/conqueror of a city" } }
  • Gen 4:5-8 : 5 { "verseID": "Genesis.4.5", "source": "וְאֶל־קַ֥יִן וְאֶל־מִנְחָת֖וֹ לֹ֣א שָׁעָ֑ה וַיִּ֤חַר לְקַ֙יִן֙ מְאֹ֔ד וַֽיִּפְּל֖וּ פָּנָֽיו׃", "text": "And-to-*Qayin* and-to-*minḥato* not *shaʿah* and-*yiḥar* to-*Qayin* *meʾod* and-*yippelu* *panaw*", "grammar": { "*Qayin*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Cain", "*minḥato*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his offering", "*shaʿah*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - looked with favor/regarded", "*yiḥar*": "qal imperfect with waw-consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - became hot/angry", "*meʾod*": "adverb - very/exceedingly", "*yippelu*": "qal imperfect with waw-consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - fell", "*panaw*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his face" }, "variants": { "*shaʿah*": "regarded with favor/looked upon/accepted", "*yiḥar*": "became hot with anger/burned/was kindled", "*yippelu panaw*": "his face fell/he became downcast/he was dejected" } } 6 { "verseID": "Genesis.4.6", "source": "וַיֹּ֥אמֶר יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־קָ֑יִן לָ֚מָּה חָ֣רָה לָ֔ךְ וְלָ֖מָּה נָפְל֥וּ פָנֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "And-*yomer* *YHWH* to-*Qayin* *lammah* *ḥarah* to-you and-*lammah* *nafelu* *paneyka*", "grammar": { "*yomer*": "qal imperfect with waw-consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*Qayin*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Cain", "*lammah*": "interrogative + preposition - why", "*ḥarah*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - has become hot/angry", "*lak*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - to you", "*nafelu*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - have fallen", "*paneyka*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your face" }, "variants": { "*ḥarah lak*": "are you angry/has anger come to you/are you burning with anger" } } 7 { "verseID": "Genesis.4.7", "source": "הֲל֤וֹא אִם־תֵּיטִיב֙ שְׂאֵ֔ת וְאִם֙ לֹ֣א תֵיטִ֔יב לַפֶּ֖תַח חַטָּ֣את רֹבֵ֑ץ וְאֵלֶ֙יךָ֙ תְּשׁ֣וּקָת֔וֹ וְאַתָּ֖ה תִּמְשָׁל־בּֽוֹ׃", "text": "*haloʾ* if-*tetib* *seʾet* and-if not *tetib* at-the-*petaḥ* *ḥattaʾt* *robets* and-to-you *teshuqato* and-you *timshal*-in-him", "grammar": { "*haloʾ*": "interrogative particle - is it not/surely", "*tetib*": "hiphil imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you do well/good", "*seʾet*": "qal infinitive construct - lifting up/acceptance", "*petaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - door/opening/entrance", "*ḥattaʾt*": "noun, feminine singular - sin/sin offering", "*robets*": "qal participle, masculine singular - crouching/lying", "*ʾeleyka*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - to you", "*teshuqato*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - its desire", "*ʾattah*": "2nd masculine singular personal pronoun - you", "*timshal*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - will rule/have mastery", "*bo*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - over it/him" }, "variants": { "*seʾet*": "acceptance/lifting up/forgiveness/exaltation", "*ḥattaʾt*": "sin/sin offering/punishment for sin", "*robets*": "crouching/lying in wait/lurking", "*teshuqato*": "its desire/craving/urge", "*timshal-bo*": "you will rule over it/you will master it/you must master it" } } 8 { "verseID": "Genesis.4.8", "source": "וַיֹּ֥אמֶר קַ֖יִן אֶל־הֶ֣בֶל אָחִ֑יו וֽ͏ַיְהִי֙ בִּהְיוֹתָ֣ם בַּשָּׂדֶ֔ה וַיָּ֥קָם קַ֛יִן אֶל־הֶ֥בֶל אָחִ֖יו וַיַּהַרְגֵֽהוּ׃", "text": "And-*yomer* *Qayin* to-*Hebel* his-brother and-*yehi* in-*bihyotam* in-the-*sadeh* and-*yaqom* *Qayin* against-*Hebel* his-brother and-*yahargehu*", "grammar": { "*yomer*": "qal imperfect with waw-consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*Qayin*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Cain", "*Hebel*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Abel", "*ʾaḥiw*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his brother", "*yehi*": "qal imperfect with waw-consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - it happened", "*bihyotam*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine plural suffix - when they were", "*sadeh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the field", "*yaqom*": "qal imperfect with waw-consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - rose up", "*yahargehu*": "qal imperfect with waw-consecutive, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - killed him" }, "variants": { "*yaqom... ʾel*": "rose up against/attacked/confronted", "*yahargehu*": "killed him/murdered him/slew him" } }
  • Gen 27:41-45 : 41 { "verseID": "Genesis.27.41", "source": "וַיִּשְׂטֹ֤ם עֵשָׂו֙ אֶֽת־יַעֲקֹ֔ב עַל־הַ֨בְּרָכָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר בֵּרֲכ֖וֹ אָבִ֑יו וַיֹּ֨אמֶר עֵשָׂ֜ו בְּלִבּ֗וֹ יִקְרְבוּ֙ יְמֵי֙ אֵ֣בֶל אָבִ֔י וְאַֽהַרְגָ֖ה אֶת־יַעֲקֹ֥ב אָחִֽי׃", "text": "*wa-yiśṭōm* *ʿēśāw* *ʾet-yaʿăqōḇ* upon-*ha-bəraḵāh* *ʾăšer* *bērăḵô* *ʾāḇîw* *wa-yōʾmer* *ʿēśāw* in-*libbô* *yiqrəḇû* *yəmê* *ʾēḇel* *ʾāḇî* and-*ʾahargāh* *ʾet-yaʿăqōḇ* *ʾāḥî*", "grammar": { "*wa-yiśṭōm*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and hated", "*ʿēśāw*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Esau", "*ʾet-yaʿăqōḇ*": "direct object marker + proper noun, masculine singular - Jacob", "*ha-bəraḵāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the blessing", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*bērăḵô*": "piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he blessed him", "*ʾāḇîw*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his father", "*wa-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and said", "*libbô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his heart", "*yiqrəḇû*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - will draw near/approach", "*yəmê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - days of", "*ʾēḇel*": "noun, masculine singular - mourning", "*ʾāḇî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my father", "*ʾahargāh*": "qal imperfect 1st person singular cohortative - I will kill", "*ʾāḥî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my brother" }, "variants": { "*wa-yiśṭōm*": "and hated/and bore a grudge/and was hostile", "*ha-bəraḵāh*": "the blessing/the benediction", "*bērăḵô*": "he blessed him/he conferred favor upon him", "*libbô*": "his heart/his mind/his inner self", "*yiqrəḇû*": "will draw near/will approach/will come", "*ʾēḇel*": "mourning/grief/lamentation", "*ʾahargāh*": "I will kill/I will slay/I will murder" } } 42 { "verseID": "Genesis.27.42", "source": "וַיֻּגַּ֣ד לְרִבְקָ֔ה אֶת־דִּבְרֵ֥י עֵשָׂ֖ו בְּנָ֣הּ הַגָּדֹ֑ל וַתִּשְׁלַ֞ח וַתִּקְרָ֤א לְיַעֲקֹב֙ בְּנָ֣הּ הַקָּטָ֔ן וַתֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלָ֔יו הִנֵּה֙ עֵשָׂ֣ו אָחִ֔יךָ מִתְנַחֵ֥ם לְךָ֖ לְהָרְגֶֽךָ׃", "text": "*wa-yuggad* to-*riḇqāh* *ʾet-diḇrê* *ʿēśāw* *bənāh* *ha-gādōl* *wa-tišlaḥ* *wa-tiqrāʾ* to-*yaʿăqōḇ* *bənāh* *ha-qāṭān* *wa-tōʾmer* *ʾēlāyw* *hinnēh* *ʿēśāw* *ʾāḥîḵā* *mitnaḥēm* to-you to-*hārəgeḵā*", "grammar": { "*wa-yuggad*": "waw consecutive + hophal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and was told", "*riḇqāh*": "proper noun, feminine singular - Rebekah", "*ʾet-diḇrê*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine plural construct - the words of", "*ʿēśāw*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Esau", "*bənāh*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her son", "*ha-gādōl*": "definite article + adjective, masculine singular - the elder/greater", "*wa-tišlaḥ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - and she sent", "*wa-tiqrāʾ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - and she called", "*yaʿăqōḇ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jacob", "*ha-qāṭān*": "definite article + adjective, masculine singular - the younger/smaller", "*wa-tōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - and she said", "*ʾēlāyw*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to him", "*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold", "*ʾāḥîḵā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your brother", "*mitnaḥēm*": "hithpael participle, masculine singular - consoling himself", "*hārəgeḵā*": "qal infinitive construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to kill you" }, "variants": { "*wa-yuggad*": "and was told/and was reported/and was declared", "*diḇrê*": "words of/speech of/matters of", "*ha-gādōl*": "the elder/the greater/the older", "*ha-qāṭān*": "the younger/the smaller/the lesser", "*hinnēh*": "behold/look/see", "*mitnaḥēm*": "consoling himself/comforting himself/planning/intending [against you]", "*hārəgeḵā*": "to kill you/to slay you/to murder you" } } 43 { "verseID": "Genesis.27.43", "source": "וְעַתָּ֥ה בְנִ֖י שְׁמַ֣ע בְּקֹלִ֑י וְק֧וּם בְּרַח־לְךָ֛ אֶל־לָבָ֥ן אָחִ֖י חָרָֽנָה׃", "text": "And-*ʿattāh* *bənî* *šəmaʿ* in-*qōlî* and-*qûm* *bəraḥ*-to-you to-*lāḇān* *ʾāḥî* to-*ḥārānāh*", "grammar": { "*ʿattāh*": "adverb - now", "*bənî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my son", "*šəmaʿ*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - listen/hear/obey", "*qōlî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my voice", "*qûm*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - arise/stand", "*bəraḥ*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - flee", "*lāḇān*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Laban", "*ʾāḥî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my brother", "*ḥārānāh*": "proper noun with directional he - to Haran" }, "variants": { "*ʿattāh*": "now/at this time", "*šəmaʿ*": "listen/hear/obey", "*qōlî*": "my voice/my instruction/my command", "*qûm*": "arise/stand/get up", "*bəraḥ*": "flee/escape/run away" } } 44 { "verseID": "Genesis.27.44", "source": "וְיָשַׁבְתָּ֥ עִמּ֖וֹ יָמִ֣ים אֲחָדִ֑ים עַ֥ד אֲשֶׁר־תָּשׁ֖וּב חֲמַ֥ת אָחִֽיךָ׃", "text": "And-*yāšaḇtā* with-him *yāmîm* *ʾăḥādîm* until *ʾăšer*-*tāšûḇ* *ḥămat* *ʾāḥîḵā*", "grammar": { "*yāšaḇtā*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you shall dwell", "*yāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - days", "*ʾăḥādîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - few/some", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - that/which", "*tāšûḇ*": "qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - will return/turn away", "*ḥămat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - fury/wrath of", "*ʾāḥîḵā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your brother" }, "variants": { "*yāšaḇtā*": "you shall dwell/you shall stay/you shall remain", "*yāmîm*": "days/time", "*ʾăḥādîm*": "few/some/a number of", "*tāšûḇ*": "will return/will turn away/will subside", "*ḥămat*": "fury/wrath/rage/anger" } } 45 { "verseID": "Genesis.27.45", "source": "עַד־שׁ֨וּב אַף־אָחִ֜יךָ מִמְּךָ֗ וְשָׁכַח֙ אֵ֣ת אֲשֶׁר־עָשִׂ֣יתָ לּ֔וֹ וְשָׁלַחְתִּ֖י וּלְקַחְתִּ֣יךָ מִשָּׁ֑ם לָמָ֥ה אֶשְׁכַּ֛ל גַּם־שְׁנֵיכֶ֖ם י֥וֹם אֶחָֽד׃", "text": "Until-*šûḇ* *ʾap̄-ʾāḥîḵā* from-you and-*šāḵaḥ* *ʾēt* *ʾăšer-ʿāśîtā* to-him and-*šālaḥtî* and-*ləqaḥtîḵā* from-*šām* to-why *ʾeškal* *gam-šənêḵem* *yôm* *ʾeḥād*", "grammar": { "*šûḇ*": "qal infinitive construct - turning away", "*ʾap̄-ʾāḥîḵā*": "noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - anger of your brother", "*šāḵaḥ*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he forgets", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ʾăšer-ʿāśîtā*": "relative pronoun + qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - which you did", "*šālaḥtî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I will send", "*ləqaḥtîḵā*": "qal perfect 1st person singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - I will take you", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*ʾeškal*": "qal imperfect 1st person singular - I be bereaved", "*gam-šənêḵem*": "conjunction + noun, masculine dual with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - also both of you", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day", "*ʾeḥād*": "adjective, masculine singular - one/single" }, "variants": { "*šûḇ*": "turning away/subsiding/departing", "*ʾap̄*": "anger/nose/face", "*šāḵaḥ*": "he forgets/he puts out of mind", "*ʿāśîtā*": "you did/you made/you performed", "*šālaḥtî*": "I will send/I will dispatch", "*ləqaḥtîḵā*": "I will take you/I will fetch you", "*ʾeškal*": "I be bereaved/I lose/I be deprived", "*gam-šənêḵem*": "also both of you/even the two of you", "*yôm*": "day/time", "*ʾeḥād*": "one/single/same" } }
  • Gen 32:6-9 : 6 { "verseID": "Genesis.32.6", "source": "וַֽיְהִי־לִי֙ שׁ֣וֹר וַחֲמ֔וֹר צֹ֖אן וְעֶ֣בֶד וְשִׁפְחָ֑ה וָֽאֶשְׁלְחָה֙ לְהַגִּ֣יד לֽ͏ַאדֹנִ֔י לִמְצֹא־חֵ֖ן בְּעֵינֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "*wə-yəhî*-to-me *šôr wa-ḥămôr ṣōʾn wə-ʿebed wə-šipḥāh wā-ʾešləḥāh ləhaggîd* to-lord-my *limṣōʾ-ḥēn* in-eyes-your.", "grammar": { "*wə-yəhî*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and there is/has been", "*šôr*": "masculine singular noun - ox, bull", "*wa-ḥămôr*": "waw conjunction + masculine singular noun - and donkey", "*ṣōʾn*": "collective noun - flock, sheep and goats", "*wə-ʿebed*": "waw conjunction + masculine singular noun - and male servant", "*wə-šipḥāh*": "waw conjunction + feminine singular noun - and female servant", "*wā-ʾešləḥāh*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect cohortative, 1st common singular - and I am sending", "*ləhaggîd*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct - to tell", "*limṣōʾ-ḥēn*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + masculine singular noun - to find favor" }, "variants": { "*yəhî*": "to be, to become, to exist", "*šôr*": "ox, bull, cattle", "*ḥămôr*": "donkey, ass", "*ṣōʾn*": "sheep, goats, flock", "*ʿebed*": "servant, slave, subject", "*šipḥāh*": "maidservant, female slave, handmaid", "*ʾešləḥāh*": "to send, to send word", "*ləhaggîd*": "to tell, to declare, to announce", "*limṣōʾ-ḥēn*": "to find favor, to obtain grace" } } 7 { "verseID": "Genesis.32.7", "source": "וַיָּשֻׁ֙בוּ֙ הַמַּלְאָכִ֔ים אֶֽל־יַעֲקֹ֖ב לֵאמֹ֑ר בָּ֤אנוּ אֶל־אָחִ֙יךָ֙ אֶל־עֵשָׂ֔ו וְגַם֙ הֹלֵ֣ךְ לִקְרָֽאתְךָ֔ וְאַרְבַּע־מֵא֥וֹת אִ֖ישׁ עִמּֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wə-yāšubû ha-malʾākîm* to-*yaʿăqōb lēmōr bāʾnû* to-brother-your to-*ʿēśāw wə-gam hōlēk liqrāʾtəkā wə-ʾarbaʿ-mēʾôt ʾîš* with-him.", "grammar": { "*wə-yāšubû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they returned", "*ha-malʾākîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the messengers/angels", "*lēmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*bāʾnû*": "Qal perfect, 1st common plural - we came", "*wə-gam*": "waw conjunction + adverb - and also", "*hōlēk*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - is going/walking", "*liqrāʾtəkā*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - to meet you", "*wə-ʾarbaʿ-mēʾôt*": "waw conjunction + number + feminine plural noun - and four hundred", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - man/men" }, "variants": { "*yāšubû*": "to return, to turn back", "*malʾākîm*": "messengers, angels, ambassadors", "*lēmōr*": "saying, to say", "*bāʾnû*": "to come, to arrive, to enter", "*hōlēk*": "to go, to walk, to proceed", "*liqrāʾtəkā*": "to meet you, to come toward you", "*ʾîš*": "man, person, human being" } } 8 { "verseID": "Genesis.32.8", "source": "וַיִּירָ֧א יַעֲקֹ֛ב מְאֹ֖ד וַיֵּ֣צֶר ל֑וֹ וַיַּ֜חַץ אֶת־הָעָ֣ם אֲשֶׁר־אִתּ֗וֹ וְאֶת־הַצֹּ֧אן וְאֶת־הַבָּקָ֛ר וְהַגְּמַלִּ֖ים לִשְׁנֵ֥י מַחֲנֽוֹת׃", "text": "*wə-yîrāʾ yaʿăqōb məʾōd wə-yēṣer* to-him *wə-yaḥaṣ ʾet*-the-people that-with-him *wə-ʾet*-the-flock *wə-ʾet*-the-cattle and-the-camels to-two *maḥănôt*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yîrāʾ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he feared", "*məʾōd*": "adverb - very, exceedingly", "*wə-yēṣer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it was distressing", "*wə-yaḥaṣ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he divided", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*maḥănôt*": "masculine plural noun - camps" }, "variants": { "*yîrāʾ*": "to fear, to be afraid, to be in awe", "*yēṣer*": "to be distressed, to be troubled, to be narrow", "*yaḥaṣ*": "to divide, to separate, to split", "*maḥănôt*": "camps, companies, encampments" } } 9 { "verseID": "Genesis.32.9", "source": "וַיֹּ֕אמֶר אִם־יָב֥וֹא עֵשָׂ֛ו אֶל־הַמַּחֲנֶ֥ה הָאַחַ֖ת וְהִכָּ֑הוּ וְהָיָ֛ה הַמַּחֲנֶ֥ה הַנִּשְׁאָ֖ר לִפְלֵיטָֽה׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer ʾim-yābôʾ ʿēśāw* to-the-camp the-one *wə-hikkāhû wə-hāyāh* the-camp the-remaining *liplêṭāh*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾim-yābôʾ*": "conditional particle + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - if he comes", "*wə-hikkāhû*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he strikes it", "*wə-hāyāh*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it will be", "*liplêṭāh*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - for an escape/deliverance" }, "variants": { "*yōʾmer*": "to say, to declare, to command", "*yābôʾ*": "to come, to enter, to arrive", "*hikkāhû*": "to strike, to smite, to attack", "*hāyāh*": "to be, to become, to happen", "*liplêṭāh*": "for escape, for deliverance, for survival" } } 10 { "verseID": "Genesis.32.10", "source": "וַיֹּאמֶר֮ יַעֲקֹב֒ אֱלֹהֵי֙ אָבִ֣י אַבְרָהָ֔ם וֵאלֹהֵ֖י אָבִ֣י יִצְחָ֑ק יְהוָ֞ה הָאֹמֵ֣ר אֵלַ֗י שׁ֧וּב לְאַרְצְךָ֛ וּלְמוֹלַדְתְּךָ֖ וְאֵיטִ֥יבָה עִמָּֽךְ׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer yaʿăqōb ʾĕlōhê* father-my *ʾabrāhām wē-ʾlōhê* father-my *yiṣḥāq YHWH hā-ʾōmēr* to-me *šûb* to-land-your and-to-birthplace-your *wə-ʾêṭîbāh* with-you.", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct - God of", "*wē-ʾlōhê*": "waw conjunction + masculine plural construct - and God of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh, LORD", "*hā-ʾōmēr*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine singular - the one saying", "*šûb*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - return", "*wə-ʾêṭîbāh*": "waw conjunction + Hiphil imperfect cohortative, 1st common singular - and I will do good" }, "variants": { "*yōʾmer*": "to say, to speak, to command", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "God of, gods of", "*YHWH*": "Yahweh, LORD", "*hā-ʾōmēr*": "the one saying, the one speaking", "*šûb*": "return, go back, turn back", "*ʾêṭîbāh*": "to do good, to make well, to treat favorably" } } 11 { "verseID": "Genesis.32.11", "source": "קָטֹ֜נְתִּי מִכֹּ֤ל הַחֲסָדִים֙ וּמִכָּל־הָ֣אֱמֶ֔ת אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשִׂ֖יתָ אֶת־עַבְדֶּ֑ךָ כִּ֣י בְמַקְלִ֗י עָבַ֙רְתִּי֙ אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֣ן הַזֶּ֔ה וְעַתָּ֥ה הָיִ֖יתִי לִשְׁנֵ֥י מַחֲנֽוֹת׃", "text": "*qāṭōntî* from-all the-*ḥăsādîm* and-from-all-the-*ʾĕmet* which *ʿāśîtā ʾet*-servant-your, for with-staff-my *ʿābartî ʾet*-the-Jordan the-this and-now *hāyîtî* to-two *maḥănôt*.", "grammar": { "*qāṭōntî*": "Qal perfect, 1st common singular - I am too small/unworthy", "*ḥăsādîm*": "masculine plural noun - kindnesses, mercies, loyal love", "*ʾĕmet*": "feminine singular noun - truth, faithfulness", "*ʿāśîtā*": "Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you have done", "*ʿābartî*": "Qal perfect, 1st common singular - I crossed over", "*hāyîtî*": "Qal perfect, 1st common singular - I have become", "*maḥănôt*": "masculine plural noun - camps" }, "variants": { "*qāṭōntî*": "I am small, I am unworthy, I am inadequate", "*ḥăsādîm*": "acts of kindness, mercies, covenant faithfulness", "*ʾĕmet*": "truth, faithfulness, reliability", "*ʿāśîtā*": "you did, you made, you performed", "*ʿābartî*": "I crossed over, I passed through", "*hāyîtî*": "I have become, I have turned into", "*maḥănôt*": "camps, companies, bands" } }
  • Gen 37:3-5 : 3 { "verseID": "Genesis.37.3", "source": "וְיִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אָהַ֤ב אֶת־יוֹסֵף֙ מִכָּל־בָּנָ֔יו כִּֽי־בֶן־זְקֻנִ֥ים ה֖וּא ל֑וֹ וְעָ֥שָׂה ל֖וֹ כְּתֹ֥נֶת פַּסִּֽים׃", "text": "And *yiśrāʾēl* *ʾāhaḇ* *ʾeṯ*-*yôsēp̄* more than all-his *bānāyw* because-*ben*-*zəqunîm* he to him; and *wə-ʿāśâ* for him *kəṯōneṯ* *passîm*", "grammar": { "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'Israel' (Jacob's other name)", "*ʾāhaḇ*": "verb, perfect 3rd masculine singular - 'loved'", "*bānāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his sons'", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'son of'", "*zəqunîm*": "noun, masculine plural - 'old age'", "*wə-ʿāśâ*": "waw-consecutive with perfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he made'", "*kəṯōneṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - 'tunic/coat of'", "*passîm*": "noun, masculine plural - 'colorful/long sleeves/ornamental'" }, "variants": { "*ben*-*zəqunîm*": "son of old age/child of his old age/late-born son", "*kəṯōneṯ* *passîm*": "coat of many colors/long-sleeved tunic/ornamental robe/special tunic" } } 4 { "verseID": "Genesis.37.4", "source": "וַיִּרְא֣וּ אֶחָ֗יו כִּֽי־אֹת֞וֹ אָהַ֤ב אֲבִיהֶם֙ מִכָּל־אֶחָ֔יו וַֽיִּשְׂנְא֖וּ אֹת֑וֹ וְלֹ֥א יָכְל֖וּ דַּבְּר֥וֹ לְשָׁלֹֽם׃", "text": "And *wə-yirʾû* his *ʾeḥāyw* that *ʾōṯô* *ʾāhaḇ* their *ʾăḇîhem* more than all-his *ʾeḥāyw* and *wə-yiśnəʾû* *ʾōṯô* and not *yāḵəlû* *dabbərô* to *šālôm*", "grammar": { "*wə-yirʾû*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'and they saw'", "*ʾeḥāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his brothers'", "*ʾōṯô*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'him'", "*ʾāhaḇ*": "verb, perfect 3rd masculine singular - 'loved'", "*ʾăḇîhem*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'their father'", "*wə-yiśnəʾû*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'and they hated'", "*yāḵəlû*": "verb, perfect 3rd masculine plural - 'they were able'", "*dabbərô*": "infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'to speak to him'", "*šālôm*": "noun, masculine singular - 'peace/peacefully'" }, "variants": { "*dabbərô* *šālôm*": "speak peaceably to him/greet him peacefully/address him in a friendly manner" } } 5 { "verseID": "Genesis.37.5", "source": "וַיַּחֲלֹ֤ם יוֹסֵף֙ חֲל֔וֹם וַיַּגֵּ֖ד לְאֶחָ֑יו וַיּוֹסִ֥פוּ ע֖וֹד שְׂנֹ֥א אֹתֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *wə-yaḥălōm* *yôsēp̄* *ḥălôm* and *wə-yaggêḏ* to his *ʾeḥāyw*; and *wə-yôsip̄û* yet *śənōʾ* *ʾōṯô*", "grammar": { "*wə-yaḥălōm*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he dreamed'", "*ḥălôm*": "noun, masculine singular - 'dream'", "*wə-yaggêḏ*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he told'", "*wə-yôsip̄û*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'and they continued/added'", "*śənōʾ*": "infinitive absolute - 'to hate'", "*ʾōṯô*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'him'" }, "variants": { "*wə-yôsip̄û* *ʿôḏ* *śənōʾ*": "they hated him even more/they continued further to hate/they added again to hate" } }
  • Gen 37:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Genesis.37.11", "source": "וַיְקַנְאוּ־ב֖וֹ אֶחָ֑יו וְאָבִ֖יו שָׁמַ֥ר אֶת־הַדָּבָֽר׃", "text": "And *wə-yəqanʾû*-him his *ʾeḥāyw*; and his *wə-ʾāḇîw* *šāmar* *ʾeṯ*-the *ha-dāḇār*", "grammar": { "*wə-yəqanʾû*": "waw-consecutive with piel imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'and they envied'", "*ʾeḥāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his brothers'", "*wə-ʾāḇîw*": "conjunction with noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'and his father'", "*šāmar*": "verb, perfect 3rd masculine singular - 'kept/observed/remembered'", "*ha-dāḇār*": "definite article with noun, masculine singular - 'the word/matter/thing'" }, "variants": { "*yəqanʾû*": "envied/were jealous of/were zealous against", "*šāmar* *ʾeṯ*-*ha-dāḇār*": "kept the matter/observed the saying/remembered the word" } }
  • Gen 37:18-27 : 18 { "verseID": "Genesis.37.18", "source": "וַיִּרְא֥וּ אֹת֖וֹ מֵרָחֹ֑ק וּבְטֶ֙רֶם֙ יִקְרַ֣ב אֲלֵיהֶ֔ם וַיִּֽתְנַכְּל֥וּ אֹת֖וֹ לַהֲמִיתֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *wə-yirʾû* *ʾōṯô* from *mē-rāḥōq*; and *û-ḇəṭerem* *yiqraḇ* to them, and *wə-yiṯnakkəlû* *ʾōṯô* *la-hămîṯô*", "grammar": { "*wə-yirʾû*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'and they saw'", "*ʾōṯô*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'him'", "*mē-rāḥōq*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular - 'from afar'", "*û-ḇəṭerem*": "conjunction with preposition - 'and before'", "*yiqraḇ*": "imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'he came near'", "*wə-yiṯnakkəlû*": "waw-consecutive with hitpael imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'and they conspired'", "*la-hămîṯô*": "preposition with hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'to kill him'" }, "variants": { "*yiṯnakkəlû*": "conspired against/plotted against/dealt craftily with" } } 19 { "verseID": "Genesis.37.19", "source": "וַיֹּאמְר֖וּ אִ֣ישׁ אֶל־אָחִ֑יו הִנֵּ֗ה בַּ֛עַל הַחֲלֹמ֥וֹת הַלָּזֶ֖ה בָּֽא׃", "text": "And *wə-yōʾmərû* *ʾîš* to-his *ʾāḥîw*: *hinnê* *baʿal* the *ha-ḥălōmôṯ* *hal-lāzê* comes", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmərû*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'and they said'", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - 'man/each man'", "*ʾāḥîw*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his brother'", "*hinnê*": "demonstrative particle - 'behold'", "*baʿal*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'master/owner of'", "*ha-ḥălōmôṯ*": "definite article with noun, masculine plural - 'the dreams'", "*hal-lāzê*": "definite article with demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - 'this/that'" }, "variants": { "*baʿal* *ha-ḥălōmôṯ*": "master of dreams/dreamer/owner of dreams" } } 20 { "verseID": "Genesis.37.20", "source": "וְעַתָּ֣ה ׀ לְכ֣וּ וְנַֽהַרְגֵ֗הוּ וְנַשְׁלִכֵ֙הוּ֙ בְּאַחַ֣ד הַבֹּר֔וֹת וְאָמַ֕רְנוּ חַיָּ֥ה רָעָ֖ה אֲכָלָ֑תְהוּ וְנִרְאֶ֕ה מַה־יִּהְי֖וּ חֲלֹמֹתָֽיו׃", "text": "And now *ləḵû* and *wə-nahargēhû* and *wə-našliḵēhû* in one of the *ha-bbōrôṯ*; and *wə-ʾāmarnû* *ḥayyâ* *rāʿâ* *ʾăḵālāṯhû*; and *wə-nirʾê* what-*yihyû* his *ḥălōmōṯāyw*", "grammar": { "*ləḵû*": "imperative 2nd masculine plural - 'go/come'", "*wə-nahargēhû*": "waw-conjunctive with imperfect 1st common plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'and let us kill him'", "*wə-našliḵēhû*": "waw-conjunctive with hiphil imperfect 1st common plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'and let us throw him'", "*ha-bbōrôṯ*": "definite article with noun, masculine plural - 'the pits/cisterns'", "*wə-ʾāmarnû*": "waw-conjunctive with perfect 1st common plural - 'and we will say'", "*ḥayyâ*": "noun, feminine singular - 'beast/animal'", "*rāʿâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - 'evil/harmful'", "*ʾăḵālāṯhû*": "verb, perfect 3rd feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'has devoured him'", "*wə-nirʾê*": "waw-conjunctive with imperfect 1st common plural - 'and we will see'", "*yihyû*": "imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'will be'", "*ḥălōmōṯāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his dreams'" }, "variants": { "*ḥayyâ* *rāʿâ*": "evil beast/wild animal/ferocious creature", "*bōrôṯ*": "pits/cisterns/wells" } } 21 { "verseID": "Genesis.37.21", "source": "וַיִּשְׁמַ֣ע רְאוּבֵ֔ן וַיַּצִּלֵ֖הוּ מִיָּדָ֑ם וַיֹּ֕אמֶר לֹ֥א נַכֶּ֖נּוּ נָֽפֶשׁ׃", "text": "And *wə-yišmaʿ* *rəʾûḇēn* and *wə-yaṣṣilēhû* from their *mî-yāḏām*; and *wə-yōʾmer*: Not *nakkennû* *nāp̄eš*", "grammar": { "*wə-yišmaʿ*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he heard'", "*rəʾûḇēn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'Reuben'", "*wə-yaṣṣilēhû*": "waw-consecutive with hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'and he delivered him'", "*mî-yāḏām*": "preposition with noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'from their hand'", "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he said'", "*nakkennû*": "hiphil imperfect 1st common plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'we will strike him'", "*nāp̄eš*": "noun, feminine singular - 'life/soul/person'" }, "variants": { "*yaṣṣilēhû*": "rescued him/delivered him/saved him", "*nakkennû* *nāp̄eš*": "take his life/strike him dead/kill a soul" } } 22 { "verseID": "Genesis.37.22", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֲלֵהֶ֣ם ׀ רְאוּבֵן֮ אַל־תִּשְׁפְּכוּ־דָם֒ הַשְׁלִ֣יכוּ אֹת֗וֹ אֶל־הַבּ֤וֹר הַזֶּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר וְיָ֖ד אַל־תִּשְׁלְחוּ־ב֑וֹ לְמַ֗עַן הַצִּ֤יל אֹתוֹ֙ מִיָּדָ֔ם לַהֲשִׁיב֖וֹ אֶל־אָבִֽיו׃", "text": "And *wə-yōʾmer* to them *rəʾûḇēn*: Do not *tišpəḵû*-*dām*, *hašlîḵû* *ʾōṯô* to-the *ha-bbôr* *ha-zzê* which *ba-mmidbar*, and *wə-yāḏ* do not *tišləḥû*-against him; in order to *haṣṣîl* *ʾōṯô* from their *mî-yāḏām*, *la-hăšîḇô* to-his *ʾāḇîw*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he said'", "*rəʾûḇēn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'Reuben'", "*tišpəḵû*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural - 'you shall shed'", "*dām*": "noun, masculine singular - 'blood'", "*hašlîḵû*": "hiphil imperative 2nd masculine plural - 'throw/cast'", "*ha-bbôr*": "definite article with noun, masculine singular - 'the pit/cistern'", "*ha-zzê*": "definite article with demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - 'this'", "*ba-mmidbar*": "preposition with definite article and noun, masculine singular - 'in the wilderness'", "*wə-yāḏ*": "conjunction with noun, feminine singular - 'and hand'", "*tišləḥû*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural - 'you shall send/stretch out'", "*haṣṣîl*": "hiphil infinitive construct - 'to deliver'", "*mî-yāḏām*": "preposition with noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'from their hand'", "*la-hăšîḇô*": "preposition with hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'to return him'", "*ʾāḇîw*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his father'" }, "variants": { "*tišpəḵû*-*dām*": "shed blood/pour out blood", "*tišləḥû*-*bô*": "lay hands on him/stretch out against him", "*haṣṣîl*": "deliver/rescue/save" } } 23 { "verseID": "Genesis.37.23", "source": "וֽ͏ַיְהִ֕י כּֽ͏ַאֲשֶׁר־בָּ֥א יוֹסֵ֖ף אֶל־אֶחָ֑יו וַיַּפְשִׁ֤יטוּ אֶת־יוֹסֵף֙ אֶת־כֻּתָּנְתּ֔וֹ אֶת־כְּתֹ֥נֶת הַפַּסִּ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָלָֽיו׃", "text": "And *wə-yhî* when-*kaʾăšer*-came *yôsēp̄* to-his *ʾeḥāyw*, and *wə-yap̄šîṭû* *ʾeṯ*-*yôsēp̄* *ʾeṯ*-his *kuttāntô*, *ʾeṯ*-*kəṯōneṯ* the *ha-ppasîm* which was upon him", "grammar": { "*wə-yhî*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect 3rd masculine singular of היה - 'and it came to pass'", "*kaʾăšer*": "conjunction - 'when/as'", "*wə-yap̄šîṭû*": "waw-consecutive with hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'and they stripped'", "*kuttāntô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his tunic'", "*kəṯōneṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - 'coat of'", "*ha-ppasîm*": "definite article with noun, masculine plural - 'the colors/stripes'" }, "variants": { "*kəṯōneṯ* *ha-ppasîm*": "coat of many colors/ornamental tunic/long-sleeved robe" } } 24 { "verseID": "Genesis.37.24", "source": "וַיִּ֨קָּחֻ֔הוּ וַיַּשְׁלִ֥כוּ אֹת֖וֹ הַבֹּ֑רָה וְהַבּ֣וֹר רֵ֔ק אֵ֥ין בּ֖וֹ מָֽיִם׃", "text": "And *wə-yiqqāḥuhû* and *wə-yašliḵû* *ʾōṯô* *ha-bbōrâ*; and the *wə-ha-bbôr* was *rēq*, *ʾên* in it *māyim*", "grammar": { "*wə-yiqqāḥuhû*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect 3rd masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'and they took him'", "*wə-yašliḵû*": "waw-consecutive with hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'and they threw'", "*ha-bbōrâ*": "definite article with noun, masculine singular with directional heh - 'into the pit'", "*wə-ha-bbôr*": "conjunction with definite article and noun, masculine singular - 'and the pit'", "*rēq*": "adjective, masculine singular - 'empty'", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - 'there was not'", "*māyim*": "noun, masculine plural - 'water'" }, "variants": { "*bôr*": "pit/cistern/well" } } 25 { "verseID": "Genesis.37.25", "source": "וַיֵּשְׁבוּ֮ לֶֽאֱכָל־לֶחֶם֒ וַיִּשְׂא֤וּ עֵֽינֵיהֶם֙ וַיִּרְא֔וּ וְהִנֵּה֙ אֹרְחַ֣ת יִשְׁמְעֵאלִ֔ים בָּאָ֖ה מִגִּלְעָ֑ד וּגְמַלֵּיהֶ֣ם נֹֽשְׂאִ֗ים נְכֹאת֙ וּצְרִ֣י וָלֹ֔ט הוֹלְכִ֖ים לְהוֹרִ֥יד מִצְרָֽיְמָה׃", "text": "And *wə-yēšəḇû* *le-ʾĕḵāl*-*leḥem* and *wə-yiśʾû* their *ʿênêhem* and *wə-yirʾû* and *wə-hinnê* *ʾōrḥaṯ* *yišməʿēlîm* *bāʾâ* from *mi-ggilʿāḏ*; and their *û-ḡəmallêhem* *nōśʾîm* *nəḵōʾṯ* and *û-ṣərî* and *wā-lōṭ*, *hôləḵîm* *lə-hôrîḏ* to *miṣrāyəmâ*", "grammar": { "*wə-yēšəḇû*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'and they sat'", "*le-ʾĕḵāl*": "preposition with qal infinitive construct - 'to eat'", "*leḥem*": "noun, masculine singular - 'bread/food'", "*wə-yiśʾû*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'and they lifted'", "*ʿênêhem*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'their eyes'", "*wə-yirʾû*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'and they saw'", "*wə-hinnê*": "conjunction with demonstrative particle - 'and behold'", "*ʾōrḥaṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - 'caravan of'", "*yišməʿēlîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - 'Ishmaelites'", "*bāʾâ*": "qal participle, feminine singular - 'coming'", "*mi-ggilʿāḏ*": "preposition with proper noun - 'from Gilead'", "*û-ḡəmallêhem*": "conjunction with noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'and their camels'", "*nōśʾîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - 'carrying'", "*nəḵōʾṯ*": "noun, feminine singular - 'spices/gum'", "*û-ṣərî*": "conjunction with noun, masculine singular - 'and balm'", "*wā-lōṭ*": "conjunction with noun, masculine singular - 'and myrrh/ladanum'", "*hôləḵîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - 'going'", "*lə-hôrîḏ*": "preposition with hiphil infinitive construct - 'to bring down'", "*miṣrāyəmâ*": "proper noun with directional heh - 'to Egypt'" }, "variants": { "*nəḵōʾṯ*": "spices/gum/tragacanth", "*ṣərî*": "balm/resin/mastic", "*lōṭ*": "myrrh/ladanum/aromatic gum" } } 26 { "verseID": "Genesis.37.26", "source": "וַיֹּ֥אמֶר יְהוּדָ֖ה אֶל־אֶחָ֑יו מַה־בֶּ֗צַע כִּ֤י נַהֲרֹג֙ אֶת־אָחִ֔ינוּ וְכִסִּ֖ינוּ אֶת־דָּמֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *wə-yōʾmer* *yəhûḏâ* to-his *ʾeḥāyw*: What-*beṣaʿ* if *kî* *nahărōḡ* *ʾeṯ*-our *ʾāḥînû* and *wə-ḵissînû* *ʾeṯ*-his *dāmô*?", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he said'", "*yəhûḏâ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'Judah'", "*ʾeḥāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his brothers'", "*beṣaʿ*": "noun, masculine singular - 'profit/gain'", "*kî*": "conjunction - 'if/that'", "*nahărōḡ*": "qal imperfect 1st common plural - 'we kill'", "*ʾāḥînû*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st common plural suffix - 'our brother'", "*wə-ḵissînû*": "waw-conjunctive with piel perfect 1st common plural - 'and we conceal'", "*dāmô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his blood'" }, "variants": { "*beṣaʿ*": "profit/gain/advantage", "*ḵissînû*": "covered/concealed/hidden" } } 27 { "verseID": "Genesis.37.27", "source": "לְכ֞וּ וְנִמְכְּרֶ֣נּוּ לַיִּשְׁמְעֵאלִ֗ים וְיָדֵ֙נוּ֙ אַל־תְּהִי־ב֔וֹ כִּֽי־אָחִ֥ינוּ בְשָׂרֵ֖נוּ ה֑וּא וַֽיִּשְׁמְע֖וּ אֶחָֽיו׃", "text": "*ləḵû* and *wə-nimkərennû* to the *la-yyišməʿēlîm*, and our *wə-yāḏênû* not *təhî*-against him, for *kî*-our *ʾāḥînû* our *bəśārênû* he; and *wə-yišməʿû* his *ʾeḥāyw*", "grammar": { "*ləḵû*": "imperative 2nd masculine plural - 'go/come'", "*wə-nimkərennû*": "waw-conjunctive with qal imperfect 1st common plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'and let us sell him'", "*la-yyišməʿēlîm*": "preposition with definite article and proper noun, masculine plural - 'to the Ishmaelites'", "*wə-yāḏênû*": "conjunction with noun, feminine singular with 1st common plural suffix - 'and our hand'", "*təhî*": "qal imperfect jussive 3rd feminine singular - 'let it be'", "*ʾāḥînû*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st common plural suffix - 'our brother'", "*bəśārênû*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st common plural suffix - 'our flesh'", "*wə-yišməʿû*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'and they listened/heeded'" }, "variants": { "*bəśārênû*": "our flesh/our relative/our kinsman" } }
  • 2 Sam 13:22 : 22 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.13.22", "source": "וְלֹֽא־דִבֶּ֧ר אַבְשָׁל֛וֹם עִם־אַמְנ֖וֹן לְמֵרָ֣ע וְעַד־ט֑וֹב כִּֽי־שָׂנֵ֤א אַבְשָׁלוֹם֙ אֶת־אַמְנ֔וֹן עַל־דְּבַר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עִנָּ֔ה אֵ֖ת תָּמָ֥ר אֲחֹתֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wə-lōʾ*-*dibber* *ʾAbšālôm* with-*ʾAmnôn* for-evil and-unto-good *kî*-*śānēʾ* *ʾAbšālôm* *ʾet*-*ʾAmnôn* upon-*dəbar* which *ʿinnāh* *ʾēt* *Tāmār* *ʾăḥōtô*", "grammar": { "*wə-lōʾ*": "waw conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*dibber*": "Piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he spoke", "*ʾAbšālôm*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Absalom", "*ʾAmnôn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Amnon", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*śānēʾ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he hated", "*ʾAbšālôm*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Absalom", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾAmnôn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Amnon", "*dəbar*": "masculine singular construct noun - matter of/word of", "*ʿinnāh*": "Piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he violated/humbled", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*Tāmār*": "proper noun, feminine singular - Tamar", "*ʾăḥōtô*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - his sister" }, "variants": { "*dibber*": "he spoke/he talked/he said", "*śānēʾ*": "he hated/he loathed/he detested", "*dəbar*": "matter/word/account/cause", "*ʿinnāh*": "he violated/he humbled/he afflicted/he forced/he raped" } }
  • 2 Sam 13:28 : 28 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.13.28", "source": "וַיְצַו֩ אַבְשָׁל֨וֹם אֶת־נְעָרָ֜יו לֵאמֹ֗ר רְא֣וּ נָ֠א כְּט֨וֹב לֵב־אַמְנ֤וֹן בַּיַּ֙יִן֙ וְאָמַרְתִּ֣י אֲלֵיכֶ֔ם הַכּ֧וּ אֶת־אַמְנ֛וֹן וַהֲמִתֶּ֥ם אֹת֖וֹ אַל־תִּירָ֑אוּ הֲל֗וֹא כִּ֤י אָֽנֹכִי֙ צִוִּ֣יתִי אֶתְכֶ֔ם חִזְק֖וּ וִהְי֥וּ לִבְנֵי־חָֽיִל׃", "text": "*wə-yəṣaw* *ʾAbšālôm* *ʾet*-*nəʿārāyw* *lēʾmōr* *rəʾû* *nāʾ* when-good *lēb*-*ʾAmnôn* in-the-*yayin* *wə-ʾāmartî* unto-you *hakkû* *ʾet*-*ʾAmnôn* *wə-hămittem* him *ʾal*-*tîrāʾû* is-it-not *kî* *ʾānōkî* *ṣiwwîtî* you *ḥizqû* *wə-həyû* to-*bənê*-*ḥayil*", "grammar": { "*wə-yəṣaw*": "waw consecutive + Piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he commanded", "*ʾAbšālôm*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Absalom", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*nəʿārāyw*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - his young men", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*rəʾû*": "Qal imperative masculine plural - see/watch", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*lēb*": "masculine singular construct noun - heart of", "*ʾAmnôn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Amnon", "*yayin*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the wine", "*wə-ʾāmartî*": "waw conjunction + Qal perfect 1st singular - and I will say", "*hakkû*": "Hiphil imperative masculine plural - strike", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾAmnôn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Amnon", "*wə-hămittem*": "waw conjunction + Hiphil perfect 2nd masculine plural - and you shall kill", "*ʾal*": "negative particle - do not", "*tîrāʾû*": "Qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural - you fear", "*kî*": "conjunction - that/for", "*ʾānōkî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*ṣiwwîtî*": "Piel perfect 1st singular - I commanded", "*ḥizqû*": "Qal imperative masculine plural - be strong", "*wə-həyû*": "waw conjunction + Qal imperative masculine plural - and be", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct noun - sons of", "*ḥayil*": "masculine singular noun - valor/strength" }, "variants": { "*wə-yəṣaw*": "and he commanded/and he instructed/and he ordered", "*nəʿārāyw*": "his young men/his servants/his attendants", "*rəʾû*": "see/watch/observe/notice", "*nāʾ*": "please/now/I pray", "*lēb*": "heart/mind/inner being", "*yayin*": "wine/alcoholic drink", "*wə-ʾāmartî*": "and I will say/and when I say", "*hakkû*": "strike/smite/hit/attack", "*wə-hămittem*": "and you shall kill/and put to death", "*tîrāʾû*": "you fear/you are afraid", "*ṣiwwîtî*": "I commanded/I ordered/I instructed", "*ḥizqû*": "be strong/be courageous/be firm", "*bənê*-*ḥayil*": "sons of valor/men of courage/valiant men" } }
  • 1 Kgs 2:23-25 : 23 { "verseID": "1 Kings.2.23", "source": "וַיִּשָּׁבַע֙ הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה בַּֽיהוָ֖ה לֵאמֹ֑ר כֹּ֣ה יַֽעֲשֶׂה־לִּ֤י אֱלֹהִים֙ וְכֹ֣ה יוֹסִ֔יף כִּ֣י בְנַפְשׁ֔וֹ דִּבֶּר֙ אֲדֹ֣נִיָּ֔הוּ אֶת־הַדָּבָ֖ר הַזֶּֽה", "text": "*wə-yiššābaʿ* the-*melek* *šəlōmōh* by-*YHWH* *lēʾmōr*: thus *yaʿăśeh*-to-me *ʾĕlōhîm* and-thus *yôsîp* because against-*napšô* *dibber* *ʾădōnîyāhû* *ʾet*-the-*dābār* the-this", "grammar": { "*wə-yiššābaʿ*": "waw consecutive with 3rd person masculine singular Niphal imperfect - 'and he swore'", "*melek*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the king'", "*šəlōmōh*": "proper noun - 'Solomon'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun with preposition - 'by YHWH'", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - 'saying'", "*yaʿăśeh*": "3rd person masculine singular Qal imperfect - 'may he do'", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun (divine name) - 'God'", "*yôsîp*": "3rd person masculine singular Hiphil imperfect - 'may he add'", "*napšô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his life/soul'", "*dibber*": "3rd person masculine singular Piel perfect - 'he has spoken'", "*ʾădōnîyāhû*": "proper noun - 'Adonijah'", "*dābār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the word/matter'", "the-this": "demonstrative adjective with definite article - 'this'" }, "variants": { "*yiššābaʿ*": "swear/take an oath/vow", "*yaʿăśeh*": "do/perform/execute (oath formula)", "*yôsîp*": "add/increase/do more (oath formula)", "*napšô*": "his life/his soul/himself (reflexive)", "*dābār*": "word/thing/matter" } } 24 { "verseID": "1 Kings.2.24", "source": "וְעַתָּ֗ה חַי־יְהוָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הֱכִינַ֗נִי *ויושיביני **וַיּֽוֹשִׁיבַ֙נִי֙ עַל־כִּסֵּא֙ דָּוִ֣ד אָבִ֔י וַאֲשֶׁ֧ר עָֽשָׂה־לִ֛י בַּ֖יִת כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר דִּבֵּ֑ר כִּ֣י הַיּ֔וֹם יוּמַ֖ת אֲדֹנִיָּֽהוּ", "text": "*wə-ʿattâ* *ḥay*-*YHWH* who *hĕkînannî* *wə-yôšîbanî* on-*kissēʾ* *dāwid* *ʾābî* and-who *ʿāśâ*-for-me *bayit* as *dibber*; that *hay-yôm* *yûmat* *ʾădōnîyāhû*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿattâ*": "conjunction + temporal adverb - 'and now'", "*ḥay*": "masculine singular adjective construct - 'living/life of'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*hĕkînannî*": "3rd person masculine singular Hiphil perfect of *kûn* with 1st person singular suffix - 'he has established me'", "*wə-yôšîbanî*": "waw consecutive with 3rd person masculine singular Hiphil perfect of *yāšab* with 1st person singular suffix - 'and has seated me'", "*kissēʾ*": "masculine singular construct noun - 'throne of'", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - 'David'", "*ʾābî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - 'my father'", "*ʿāśâ*": "3rd person masculine singular Qal perfect - 'he has made'", "*bayit*": "masculine singular noun - 'house/dynasty'", "*dibber*": "3rd person masculine singular Piel perfect - 'he spoke/promised'", "*hay-yôm*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - 'today/this day'", "*yûmat*": "3rd person masculine singular Hophal imperfect - 'he shall be put to death'", "*ʾădōnîyāhû*": "proper noun - 'Adonijah'" }, "variants": { "*ḥay*-*YHWH*": "as YHWH lives (oath formula)", "*hĕkînannî*": "established me/secured me/prepared me", "*wə-yôšîbanî*": "seated me/enthroned me/caused me to sit", "*bayit*": "house/dynasty/royal line", "*dibber*": "spoke/promised/declared", "*yûmat*": "will be put to death/will be executed/will die" } } 25 { "verseID": "1 Kings.2.25", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלַח֙ הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה בְּיַ֖ד בְּנָיָ֣הוּ בֶן־יְהוֹיָדָ֑ע וַיִּפְגַּע־בּ֖וֹ וַיָּמֹֽת", "text": "*wə-yišlaḥ* the-*melek* *šəlōmōh* by-*yad* *bənāyāhû* *ben*-*yəhôyādāʿ*; *wə-yipgaʿ*-in-him *wə-yāmōt*", "grammar": { "*wə-yišlaḥ*": "waw consecutive with 3rd person masculine singular Qal imperfect - 'and he sent'", "*melek*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the king'", "*šəlōmōh*": "proper noun - 'Solomon'", "*yad*": "feminine singular construct noun - 'hand of/by the hand of'", "*bənāyāhû*": "proper noun - 'Benaiah'", "*ben*": "masculine singular construct noun - 'son of'", "*yəhôyādāʿ*": "proper noun - 'Jehoiada'", "*wə-yipgaʿ*": "waw consecutive with 3rd person masculine singular Qal imperfect - 'and he struck/fell upon'", "*wə-yāmōt*": "waw consecutive with 3rd person masculine singular Qal imperfect - 'and he died'" }, "variants": { "*yišlaḥ*": "send/dispatch/commission", "*yad*": "hand/agency/through (idiom for delegation of authority)", "*yipgaʿ*": "strike/attack/fall upon (euphemism for execution)", "*yāmōt*": "die/was killed/perished" } }
  • 1 Kgs 12:16 : 16 { "verseID": "1 Kings.12.16", "source": "וַיַּ֣רְא כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל כִּ֠י לֹֽא־שָׁמַ֣ע הַמֶּלֶךְ֮ אֲלֵיהֶם֒ וַיָּשִׁ֣בוּ הָעָ֣ם אֶת־הַמֶּ֣לֶך דָּבָ֣ר ׀ לֵאמֹ֡ר מַה־לָּנוּ֩ חֵ֨לֶק בְּדָוִ֜ד וְלֹֽא־נַחֲלָ֣ה בְּבֶן־יִשַׁ֗י לְאֹהָלֶ֙יךָ֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל עַתָּ֕ה רְאֵ֥ה בֵיתְךָ֖ דָּוִ֑ד וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לְאֹהָלָֽיו׃", "text": "And *wayyarĕʾ* all-*yiśrāʾēl* that not-*šāmaʿ* the *melek* to-them; and *wayyāšîbû* the *ʿām* *ʾet*-the *melek* *dābār* saying, What to-us *ḥēleq* in *dāwid* and not-*naḥălâ* in *ben*-*yišay*? To *ʾōhāleykā* *yiśrāʾēl*! Now *rĕʾēh* *bêtĕkā* *dāwid*! And *wayyēlek* *yiśrāʾēl* to *ʾōhālāyw*.", "grammar": { "*wayyarĕʾ*": "qal imperfect waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he/it saw", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - Israel", "*šāmaʿ*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - heard/listened", "*melek*": "definite noun, masculine singular - king", "*wayyāšîbû*": "hiphil imperfect waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they returned/answered", "*ʿām*": "definite noun, masculine singular - people", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*dābār*": "masculine singular noun - word/thing/matter", "*ḥēleq*": "masculine singular noun - portion/share/territory", "*dāwid*": "proper name - David", "*naḥălâ*": "feminine singular noun - inheritance/possession", "*ben*": "construct state, masculine singular - son of", "*yišay*": "proper name - Jesse", "*ʾōhāleykā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your tents", "*rĕʾēh*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - see/look after", "*bêtĕkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your house", "*wayyēlek*": "qal imperfect waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he/it went", "*ʾōhālāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his tents" }, "variants": { "*wayyarĕʾ*": "and saw/perceived/understood", "*šāmaʿ*": "heard/listened/obeyed/heeded", "*wayyāšîbû*": "and they returned/answered/replied", "*dābār*": "word/thing/matter/affair", "*ḥēleq*": "portion/share/territory/part", "*naḥălâ*": "inheritance/possession/property", "*rĕʾēh*": "see/look after/provide for", "*ʾōhāleykā*": "your tents/homes/dwellings", "*ʾōhālāyw*": "his tents/homes/dwellings" } }
  • 2 Chr 13:17 : 17 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.13.17", "source": "וַיַּכּ֥וּ בָהֶ֛ם אֲבִיָּ֥ה וְעַמּ֖וֹ מַכָּ֣ה רַבָּ֑ה וַיִּפְּל֤וּ חֲלָלִים֙ מִיִּשְׂרָאֵ֔ל חֲמֵשׁ־מֵא֥וֹת אֶ֖לֶף אִ֥ישׁ בָּחֽוּר׃", "text": "*wə*-*yakkû* in-them *'Ăḇiyyāh* *wə*-*'ammô* *makkāh* *rabbāh* *wə*-*yippəlû* *ḥălālîm* from-*Yiśrā'ēl* five-hundred *'eleph* *'îš* *bāḥûr*", "grammar": { "*wə*-": "conjunction - and", "*yakkû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - they struck", "*'Ăḇiyyāh*": "proper name - Abijah", "*wə*-": "conjunction - and", "*'ammô*": "masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his people", "*makkāh*": "feminine singular - blow, stroke, wound", "*rabbāh*": "feminine singular - great, many", "*yippəlû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - they fell", "*ḥălālîm*": "masculine plural - slain, casualties", "*Yiśrā'ēl*": "proper name - Israel", "*'eleph*": "masculine singular - thousand", "*'îš*": "masculine singular - man", "*bāḥûr*": "masculine singular - chosen, select" }, "variants": { "*yakkû*": "struck, smote, hit", "*makkāh* *rabbāh*": "great blow, severe defeat", "*yippəlû*": "fell, were killed", "*ḥălālîm*": "slain, wounded, casualties", "*bāḥûr*": "chosen, select, elite" } }