Verse 4
{ "verseID": "Proverbs.29.4", "source": "מֶ֗לֶךְ בְּ֭מִשְׁפָּט יַעֲמִ֣יד אָ֑רֶץ וְאִ֖ישׁ תְּרוּמ֣וֹת יֶֽהֶרְסֶֽנָּה׃", "text": "*meleḵ* *bə*-*mišpāṭ* *yaʿămîd* *ʾāreṣ* *wə*-*ʾîš* *tərûmôt* *yehersenāh*", "grammar": { "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular - king", "*bə*": "preposition - by/with", "*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - justice/judgment", "*yaʿămîd*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - causes to stand/establishes", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - land/earth/country", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - man of", "*tərûmôt*": "noun, feminine plural - offerings/contributions/bribes", "*yehersenāh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - destroys it" }, "variants": { "*meleḵ*": "king/ruler", "*bə-mišpāṭ*": "by justice/with judgment/through righteous judgment", "*yaʿămîd*": "establishes/makes firm/causes to stand", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/country/nation", "*ʾîš tərûmôt*": "man of offerings/man who takes bribes/man of exactions", "*yehersenāh*": "tears it down/destroys it/overthrows it" } }
Other Translations
GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk
En konge bygger opp landet ved å dømme rettferdig, men en som tar imot bestikkelser, ødelegger det.
Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst
En konge som dømmer rettferdig, styrker landet; men den som tar imot bestikkelser, ødelegger det.
Norsk King James
Kongen som dømmer med rettferdighet, etablerer landet; men han som tar imot gaver, styrter det.
Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866
En konge styrker landet med rettferdighet, men en mann som godtar bestikkelser, river det ned.
Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål
En konge som styrer med rettferdighet, gir landet stabilitet, men en som er en tyrann, river det ned.
Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611
En konge som dømmer rettferdig, stadfester landet; men den som mottar gaver, styrter det.
o3-mini KJV Norsk
Kongen som dømmer med rettferdighet, etablerer landet, men han som tar imot bestikkelser, snur det.
En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)
En konge som dømmer rettferdig, stadfester landet; men den som mottar gaver, styrter det.
Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst
En konge som dømmer rettferdig, bygger landet, men den som krever bestikkelser, river det ned.
Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts
A king establishes a land by justice, but a man who accepts bribes tears it down.
GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024
En konge styrker landet ved rettferdighet, men en mann som krever for mange gaver, ødelegger det.
Original Norsk Bibel 1866
En Konge stadfæster Landet ved Ret, men en Mand, som tager Gaver, nedbryder det.
King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)
The king by judgment establisheth the land: but he that receiveth gifts overthroweth it.
KJV 1769 norsk
Kongen etablerer landet ved rett dom, men den som mottar bestikkelser, ødelegger det.
KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk
The king establishes the land by justice; but he who accepts bribes overthrows it.
King James Version 1611 (Original)
The king by judgment establisheth the land: but he that receiveth gifts overthroweth it.
Norsk oversettelse av Webster
Kongen gjør landet stabilt ved rettferdighet, men den som tar bestikkelser, river det ned.
Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation
En konge som dømmer rettferdig, etablerer et land, men den som tar imot gaver, kaster det ned.
Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901
Kongen etablerer landet med rettferdighet, men den som tar imot bestikkelser, ødelegger det.
Norsk oversettelse av BBE
En konge som styrer rettferdig, sikrer landet, men den som er fylt av begjær, ødelegger det.
Coverdale Bible (1535)
With true iudgment ye kynge setteth vp the londe, but yf he be a man yt taketh giftes, he turneth it vpsyde downe.
Geneva Bible (1560)
A King by iudgement mainteineth ye countrey: but a man receiuing giftes, destroyeth it.
Bishops' Bible (1568)
With true iudgement the kyng stablissheth the lande: but yf he be a man that oppresse the people with gatherynges, he turneth it vpside downe.
Authorized King James Version (1611)
¶ The king by judgment establisheth the land: but he that receiveth gifts overthroweth it.
Webster's Bible (1833)
The king by justice makes the land stable, But he who takes bribes tears it down.
Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)
A king by judgment establisheth a land, And one receiving gifts throweth it down.
American Standard Version (1901)
The king by justice establisheth the land; But he that exacteth gifts overthroweth it.
Bible in Basic English (1941)
A king, by right rule, makes the land safe; but one full of desires makes it a waste.
World English Bible (2000)
The king by justice makes the land stable, but he who takes bribes tears it down.
NET Bible® (New English Translation)
A king brings stability to a land by justice, but one who exacts tribute tears it down.
Referenced Verses
- Prov 29:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Proverbs.29.14", "source": "מֶ֤לֶךְ שׁוֹפֵ֣ט בֶּֽאֱמֶ֣ת דַּלִּ֑ים כִּ֝סְא֗וֹ לָעַ֥ד יִכּֽוֹן׃", "text": "*meleḵ* *šôpēṭ* *be*-*ʾĕmet* *dallîm* *kisʾô* *lāʿad* *yikkôn*", "grammar": { "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular - king", "*šôpēṭ*": "qal participle, masculine singular - judging", "*be*": "preposition - in/with", "*ʾĕmet*": "noun, feminine singular - truth/faithfulness", "*dallîm*": "adjective/substantive, masculine plural - poor/weak ones", "*kisʾô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his throne", "*lāʿad*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - to perpetuity/forever", "*yikkôn*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will be established" }, "variants": { "*meleḵ*": "king/ruler", "*šôpēṭ*": "judging/who judges", "*be-ʾĕmet*": "in truth/with faithfulness/truthfully", "*dallîm*": "poor ones/weak ones/needy", "*kisʾô*": "his throne/his seat of authority", "*lāʿad*": "forever/to perpetuity/for all time", "*yikkôn*": "will be established/will be firm/will be secure" } }
- Isa 9:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Isaiah.9.7", "source": "דָּבָ֛ר שָׁלַ֥ח אֲדֹנָ֖י בְּיַעֲקֹ֑ב וְנָפַ֖ל בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*Dāḇār* *šālaḥ* *ʾăḏōnāy* in *yaʿăqōḇ* and it *nāp̄al* in *yiśrāʾēl*.", "grammar": { "*Dāḇār*": "noun, masculine, singular, absolute - word", "*šālaḥ*": "verb, Qal, perfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - he sent", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "noun, masculine, singular - Lord/my Lord", "*yaʿăqōḇ*": "proper noun - Jacob", "*nāp̄al*": "verb, Qal, perfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - it fell", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*Dāḇār*": "word/speech/matter/thing", "*šālaḥ*": "sent/stretched out/let loose", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "Lord/my Lord/master", "*nāp̄al*": "fell/descended/happened" } }
- Isa 49:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Isaiah.49.8", "source": "כֹּ֣ה ׀ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה בְּעֵ֤ת רָצוֹן֙ עֲנִיתִ֔יךָ וּבְי֥וֹם יְשׁוּעָ֖ה עֲזַרְתִּ֑יךָ וְאֶצָּרְךָ֗ וְאֶתֶּנְךָ֙ לִבְרִ֣ית עָ֔ם לְהָקִ֣ים אֶ֔רֶץ לְהַנְחִ֖יל נְחָל֥וֹת שֹׁמֵמֽוֹת׃", "text": "Thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH*: in-*ʿēṯ* *rāṣôn* *ʿănîṯîḵā*, and-in-*yôm* *yəšûʿâ* *ʿăzartîḵā*; *wə-ʾeṣṣārḵā* *wə-ʾettenḵā* for-*bərîṯ* *ʿām*, to-*hāqîm* *ʾereṣ*, to-*hanəḥîl* *nəḥālôṯ* *šōmēmôṯ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʿēṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - time of", "*rāṣôn*": "noun, masculine singular - favor/acceptance/will", "*ʿănîṯîḵā*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - I answered you", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - day of", "*yəšûʿâ*": "noun, feminine singular - salvation/deliverance", "*ʿăzartîḵā*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - I helped you", "*wə-ʾeṣṣārḵā*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 1st singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - and I will keep/protect you", "*wə-ʾettenḵā*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 1st singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - and I will give/make you", "*bərîṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - covenant of", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular - people", "*hāqîm*": "verb, hiphil infinitive construct - to raise up/establish", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - land/earth", "*hanəḥîl*": "verb, hiphil infinitive construct - to cause to inherit", "*nəḥālôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural construct - inheritances/possessions of", "*šōmēmôṯ*": "verb, qal participle, feminine plural - desolate places" }, "variants": { "*rāṣôn*": "favor/goodwill/acceptance/pleasure", "*ʿănîṯîḵā*": "I answered you/I responded to you", "*yəšûʿâ*": "salvation/deliverance/help/victory", "*ʿăzartîḵā*": "I helped you/I assisted you/I supported you", "*ʾeṣṣārḵā*": "I will keep you/I will protect you/I will preserve you", "*bərîṯ*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*hāqîm*": "to raise up/to establish/to restore", "*hanəḥîl*": "to cause to inherit/to give possession/to distribute as inheritance", "*šōmēmôṯ*": "desolate places/ruined places/devastated areas" } }
- Jer 22:13-17 : 13 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.13", "source": "׃22 13 ה֣וֹי בֹּנֶ֤ה בֵיתוֹ֙ בְּֽלֹא־צֶ֔דֶק וַעֲלִיּוֹתָ֖יו בְּלֹ֣א מִשְׁפָּ֑ט בְּרֵעֵ֙הוּ֙ יַעֲבֹ֣ד חִנָּ֔ם וּפֹעֲל֖וֹ לֹ֥א יִתֶּן־לֽוֹ׃", "text": "*Hôy* *bōneh* *bêtô* with no *ṣedeq* and *ʿăliyyôtāyw* with no *mišpāṭ*, with *rēʿēhû* *yaʿăbōd* *ḥinnām* and *pōʿŏlô* not *yitten-lô*.", "grammar": { "*hôy*": "interjection - woe", "*bōneh*": "participle, masculine singular, qal - building", "*bêtô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his house", "*bᵉ-lōʾ*": "preposition + negative particle - with no/without", "*ṣedeq*": "noun, masculine singular - righteousness", "*wa-ʿăliyyôtāyw*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his upper chambers", "*bᵉ-lōʾ*": "preposition + negative particle - with no/without", "*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - justice", "*bᵉ-rēʿēhû*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - with his neighbor", "*yaʿăbōd*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - he makes work", "*ḥinnām*": "adverb - without pay/for nothing", "*û-pōʿŏlô*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his wages", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yitten-lô*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal + preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - he gives to him" }, "variants": { "*hôy*": "woe/alas", "*bōneh*": "building/constructing", "*ṣedeq*": "righteousness/justice/right", "*ʿăliyyôtāyw*": "his upper chambers/upper rooms", "*mišpāṭ*": "justice/judgment/right", "*yaʿăbōd*": "he makes work/employs/uses service of", "*ḥinnām*": "without pay/for nothing/freely", "*pōʿŏlô*": "his wages/payment/work" } } 14 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.14", "source": "׃22 14 הָאֹמֵ֗ר אֶבְנֶה־לִּי֙ בֵּ֣ית מִדּ֔וֹת וַעֲלִיּ֖וֹת מְרֻוָּחִ֑ים וְקָ֤רַֽע לוֹ֙ חַלּוֹנָ֔י וְסָפ֣וּן בָּאָ֔רֶז וּמָשׁ֖וֹחַ בַּשָּׁשַֽׁר׃", "text": "The *ʾōmēr*, '*ʾebneh-lî* *bêt* *middôt* and *ʿăliyyôt* *mᵉruwwāḥîm*,' and *qāraʿ* for himself *ḥallônāy* and *sāpûn* with *ʾārez* and *māšôaḥ* with *šāšar*.", "grammar": { "*hā-ʾōmēr*": "definite article + participle, masculine singular, qal - the one saying", "*ʾebneh-lî*": "imperfect, 1st singular, qal + preposition with 1st singular suffix - I will build for myself", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*middôt*": "noun, feminine plural - measurements/dimensions", "*wa-ʿăliyyôt*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural - and upper chambers", "*mᵉruwwāḥîm*": "participle, masculine plural, pual - spacious/roomy", "*wᵉ-qāraʿ*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - and he cuts", "*lô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - for himself", "*ḥallônāy*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st singular suffix - my windows", "*wᵉ-sāpûn*": "conjunction + passive participle, masculine singular, qal - and paneled", "*bā-ʾārez*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - with the cedar", "*û-māšôaḥ*": "conjunction + passive participle, masculine singular, qal - and painted", "*ba-ššāšar*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - with vermilion" }, "variants": { "*ʾōmēr*": "one saying/speaking", "*ʾebneh*": "I will build/construct", "*bêt middôt*": "spacious house/large house/house of dimensions", "*ʿăliyyôt*": "upper chambers/upper rooms", "*mᵉruwwāḥîm*": "spacious/roomy/airy", "*qāraʿ*": "he cuts/tears/makes", "*ḥallônāy*": "my windows/openings", "*sāpûn*": "paneled/covered/ceiling", "*ʾārez*": "cedar/cedar wood", "*māšôaḥ*": "painted/anointed/smeared", "*šāšar*": "vermilion/red ochre/bright red paint" } } 15 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.15", "source": "׃22 15 הֲתִֽמְלֹ֔ךְ כִּ֥י אַתָּ֖ה מְתַחֲרֶ֣ה בָאָ֑רֶז אָבִ֜יךָ הֲל֧וֹא אָכַ֣ל וְשָׁתָ֗ה וְעָשָׂ֤ה מִשְׁפָּט֙ וּצְדָקָ֔ה אָ֖ז ט֥וֹב לֽוֹ׃", "text": "Will you *timlōk* because you *mᵉtaḥăreh* in *ʾārez*? *ʾābîkā* did not he *ʾākal* and *šātāh* and *ʿāśāh* *mišpāṭ* and *ṣᵉdāqāh*? Then *ṭôb* for him.", "grammar": { "*hă-timlōk*": "interrogative particle + imperfect, 2nd masculine singular, qal - will you reign", "*kî*": "conjunction - because", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd person masculine singular pronoun - you", "*mᵉtaḥăreh*": "participle, masculine singular, hithpael - competing", "*bā-ʾārez*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in cedar", "*ʾābîkā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your father", "*hă-lôʾ*": "interrogative particle + negative particle - did not", "*ʾākal*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - he ate", "*wᵉ-šātāh*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - and drank", "*wᵉ-ʿāśāh*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - and did", "*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - justice", "*û-ṣᵉdāqāh*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and righteousness", "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then", "*ṭôb*": "adjective, masculine singular - good", "*lô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - for him" }, "variants": { "*timlōk*": "you will reign/rule/be king", "*mᵉtaḥăreh*": "competing/contending/rivaling", "*ʾārez*": "cedar/cedar wood", "*ʾākal*": "he ate/consumed/dined", "*šātāh*": "he drank/imbibed", "*mišpāṭ*": "justice/judgment/what is right", "*ṣᵉdāqāh*": "righteousness/justice/what is right", "*ṭôb*": "good/well/favorable" } } 16 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.16", "source": "׃22 16 דָּ֛ן דִּין־עָנִ֥י וְאֶבְי֖וֹן אָ֣ז ט֑וֹב הֲלוֹא־הִ֛יא הַדַּ֥עַת אֹתִ֖י נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*Dān* *dîn-ʿānî* and *ʾebyôn* then *ṭôb*. Is not this the *daʿat* me? *nᵉʾum-YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*dān*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - he judged", "*dîn-ʿānî*": "noun, masculine singular construct + adjective, masculine singular - cause of poor", "*wᵉ-ʾebyôn*": "conjunction + adjective, masculine singular - and needy", "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then", "*ṭôb*": "adjective, masculine singular - good", "*hă-lôʾ-hîʾ*": "interrogative particle + negative particle + 3rd feminine singular pronoun - is not this", "*ha-ddaʿat*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular construct - the knowledge of", "*ʾōtî*": "direct object marker with 1st singular suffix - me", "*nᵉʾum-YHWH*": "noun, masculine singular construct + divine name - declaration of YHWH" }, "variants": { "*dān dîn*": "judged the cause/rendered justice", "*ʿānî*": "poor/afflicted/humble", "*ʾebyôn*": "needy/poor/destitute", "*daʿat*": "knowledge/understanding/cognizance", "*nᵉʾum*": "declaration/utterance/oracle" } } 17 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.17", "source": "׃22 17 כִּ֣י אֵ֤ין עֵינֶ֙יךָ֙ וְלִבְּךָ֔ כִּ֖י אִם־עַל־בִּצְעֶ֑ךָ וְעַ֤ל דַּֽם־הַנָּקִי֙ לִשְׁפּ֔וֹךְ וְעַל־הָעֹ֥שֶׁק וְעַל־הַמְּרוּצָ֖ה לַעֲשֽׂוֹת׃ ס", "text": "For not *ʿêneykā* and *libbᵉkā* except upon *biṣʿekā* and upon *dam-hannāqî* to *lišpôk* and upon *hāʿōšeq* and upon *hammᵉrûṣāh* to *laʿăśôt*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*ʿêneykā*": "noun, feminine dual with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your eyes", "*wᵉ-libbᵉkā*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - and your heart", "*kî ʾim-ʿal*": "conjunction + conditional particle + preposition - except upon", "*biṣʿekā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your unjust gain", "*wᵉ-ʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and upon", "*dam-ha-nnāqî*": "noun, masculine singular construct + definite article + adjective, masculine singular - blood of the innocent", "*li-špôk*": "preposition + infinitive construct, qal - to shed", "*wᵉ-ʿal-hā-ʿōšeq*": "conjunction + preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - and upon the oppression", "*wᵉ-ʿal-ha-mmᵉrûṣāh*": "conjunction + preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and upon the crushing", "*la-ʿăśôt*": "preposition + infinitive construct, qal - to do" }, "variants": { "*biṣʿekā*": "your unjust gain/dishonest profit/covetousness", "*dam-hannāqî*": "blood of the innocent/innocent blood", "*lišpôk*": "to shed/pour out", "*hāʿōšeq*": "the oppression/extortion", "*hammᵉrûṣāh*": "the crushing/oppression/violence", "*laʿăśôt*": "to do/perform/commit" } }
- Dan 11:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Daniel.11.20", "source": "וְעָמַ֧ד עַל־כַּנּ֛וֹ מַעֲבִ֥יר נוֹגֵ֖שׂ הֶ֣דֶר מַלְכ֑וּת וּבְיָמִ֤ים אֲחָדִים֙ יִשָּׁבֵ֔ר וְלֹ֥א בְאַפַּ֖יִם וְלֹ֥א בְמִלְחָמָֽה׃", "text": "*wə-ʿāmad* *ʿal-kannô* *maʿăbîr* *nôgēś* *heder* *malkût* *û-bə-yāmîm* *ʾăḥādîm* *yiššābēr* *wə-lōʾ* *bə-ʾappayim* *wə-lōʾ* *bə-milḥāmāh*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿāmad*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he will stand", "*ʿal-kannô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - on his place/base", "*maʿăbîr*": "participle hiphil, masculine singular - one who causes to pass over/remover", "*nôgēś*": "participle, masculine singular - oppressor/taskmaster/exactor", "*heder*": "noun, masculine singular construct - splendor/glory/majesty of", "*malkût*": "noun, feminine singular - kingdom/kingship/royal power", "*û-bə-yāmîm*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine plural - and in days", "*ʾăḥādîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - few", "*yiššābēr*": "imperfect niphal, 3rd masculine singular - he will be broken", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*bə-ʾappayim*": "preposition + noun, masculine dual - in anger/wrath", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*bə-milḥāmāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - in battle/war" }, "variants": { "*ʿāmad*": "stand/arise/take one's stand", "*kan*": "base/place/stand/position", "*maʿăbîr*": "one who causes to pass over/one who removes/one who sends", "*nôgēś*": "oppressor/taskmaster/tax collector/tyrant", "*heder*": "splendor/glory/majesty/honor", "*malkût*": "kingdom/royal power/reign/dominion", "*ʾăḥādîm*": "few/some/several", "*yiššābēr*": "be broken/be shattered/be destroyed", "*ʾappayim*": "nostrils/anger/wrath/rage", "*milḥāmāh*": "battle/war/fighting" } }
- Mic 7:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Micah.7.3", "source": "עַל־הָרַ֤ע כַּפַּ֙יִם֙ לְהֵיטִ֔יב הַשַּׂ֣ר שֹׁאֵ֔ל וְהַשֹּׁפֵ֖ט בַּשִׁלּ֑וּם וְהַגָּד֗וֹל דֹּבֵ֨ר הַוַּ֥ת נַפְשׁ֛וֹ ה֖וּא וַֽיְעַבְּתֽוּהָ׃", "text": "Upon-the-*raʿ* *kappayim* to do well, the-*śar* *šōʾēl* and-the-*šōpēṭ* for-*šillûm*, and-the-*gādōl* *dōbēr* *hawwat* *napəšô* he, and-*yəʿabbətûhā*.", "grammar": { "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/concerning", "*hā-raʿ*": "definite article + masculine singular adjective - the evil", "*kappayim*": "feminine dual noun - both hands/palms", "*lə-hêṭîb*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct - to do well/make good", "*ha-śar*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the prince/official", "*šōʾēl*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - asking/demanding", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ha-šōpēṭ*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine singular - the judge", "*ba-šillûm*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - for payment/reward", "*ha-gādōl*": "definite article + masculine singular adjective - the great one/important person", "*dōbēr*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - speaking", "*hawwat*": "construct feminine singular noun - desire/craving of", "*napəšô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his soul", "*hû*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he/it", "*wa-yəʿabbətûhā*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - they twist/pervert it" }, "variants": { "*raʿ*": "evil/wickedness/injury", "*kappayim*": "hands/palms/both hands", "*lə-hêṭîb*": "to do well/do good/make good", "*śar*": "prince/ruler/official/chief", "*šōʾēl*": "asks/demands/requires", "*šōpēṭ*": "judge/ruler/adjudicator", "*šillûm*": "payment/reward/bribe/recompense", "*gādōl*": "great one/important person/noble", "*hawwat*": "desire/craving/mischief of", "*napəšô*": "his soul/his desire/himself", "*yəʿabbətûhā*": "they twist it/pervert it/distort it/weave it" } }
- 1 Sam 13:13 : 13 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.13.13", "source": "וַיֹּ֧אמֶר שְׁמוּאֵ֛ל אֶל־שָׁא֖וּל נִסְכָּ֑לְתָּ לֹ֣א שָׁמַ֗רְתָּ אֶת־מִצְוַ֞ת יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר צִוָּ֔ךְ כִּ֣י עַתָּ֗ה הֵכִ֨ין יְהוָ֧ה אֶת־מַֽמְלַכְתְּךָ֛ אֶל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל עַד־עוֹלָֽם׃", "text": "*wayyōʾmer* *šĕmûʾēl* to-*šāʾûl* *niskāltā* not *šāmartā* *ʾet*-command-of *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* which *ṣiwwākā* for now *hēkîn* *YHWH* *ʾet*-kingdom-your to-*yiśrāʾēl* until-forever", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3ms - and he said", "*niskāltā*": "niphal perfect, 2ms - you have acted foolishly", "*šāmartā*": "qal perfect, 2ms - you kept/observed", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "masculine plural construct + 2ms suffix - your God", "*ṣiwwākā*": "piel perfect, 3ms + 2ms suffix - he commanded you", "*hēkîn*": "hiphil perfect, 3ms - he would have established" }, "variants": { "*niskāltā*": "acted foolishly/been foolish", "*hēkîn*": "established/confirmed/made firm" } }
- 2 Sam 8:15 : 15 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.8.15", "source": "וַיִּמְלֹ֥ךְ דָּוִ֖ד עַל־כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיְהִ֣י דָוִ֗ד עֹשֶׂ֛ה מִשְׁפָּ֥ט וּצְדָקָ֖ה לְכָל־עַמּֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *wayyimlōk* *Dāwid* over-all-*Yiśrāʾēl* and *wayəhî* *dāvid* *ʿōśeh* *mišpāṭ* and *ṣədāqâ* to all-his *ʿam*.", "grammar": { "*wayyimlōk*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *mālak* - and he reigned", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*ʿal*": "preposition - over", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wayəhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he was", "*dāvid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*ʿōśeh*": "qal participle masculine singular - doing/executing", "*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - judgment/justice", "*ûṣədāqâ*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and righteousness", "*ləkol*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - to all", "*ʿammô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his people" }, "variants": { "*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/justice/legal decision/ordinance", "*ṣədāqâ*": "righteousness/justice/rightness" } }
- 1 Kgs 2:12 : 12 { "verseID": "1 Kings.2.12", "source": "וּשְׁלֹמֹ֕ה יָשַׁ֕ב עַל־כִּסֵּ֖א דָּוִ֣ד אָבִ֑יו וַתִּכֹּ֥ן מַלְכֻת֖וֹ מְאֹֽד", "text": "And *ûšəlōmōh* *yāšab* upon *ʿal-kissēʾ* *dāwid* *ʾābîw* and *tikkōn* *malkutô* very much", "grammar": { "*ûšəlōmōh*": "proper noun with waw conjunctive - and Solomon", "*yāšab*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - sat/dwelt", "*ʿal-kissēʾ*": "masculine singular construct with prefixed preposition al - upon the throne of", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*ʾābîw*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - his father", "*tikkōn*": "Niphal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - and was established", "*malkutô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - his kingdom", "*məʾōd*": "adverb - very much/exceedingly" }, "variants": { "*yāšab*": "sat/dwelt/remained/was enthroned", "*tikkōn*": "was established/was secured/was made firm", "*malkutô*": "his kingdom/his reign/his royal power" } }
- 2 Kgs 15:18-20 : 18 { "verseID": "2 Kings.15.18", "source": "וַיַּ֥עַשׂ הָרַ֖ע בְּעֵינֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה לֹ֣א סָ֠ר מֵעַ֨ל חַטֹּ֜אות יָרָבְעָ֧ם בֶּן־נְבָ֛ט אֲשֶׁר־הֶחֱטִ֥יא אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל כָּל־יָמָֽיו׃", "text": "And *yaʿas* the *raʿ* in *ʿeyne* *YHWH*; not *sar* from upon *ḥattoʾt* *Yarobʿam* *ben*-*Nəbat* which-*heḥetiʾ* *ʾet*-*Yisraʾel* all-*yamaw*.", "grammar": { "*yaʿas*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - he did/made", "*raʿ*": "definite noun, masculine singular - the evil", "*ʿeyne*": "construct state, plural - eyes of", "*YHWH*": "proper name - LORD/Yahweh", "*sar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - turned aside", "*ḥattoʾt*": "feminine plural construct - sins of", "*Yarobʿam*": "proper name - Jeroboam", "*ben*": "construct state, masculine singular - son of", "*Nəbat*": "proper name - Nebat", "*heḥetiʾ*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - caused to sin", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Yisraʾel*": "proper name - Israel", "*yamaw*": "masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his days" }, "variants": { "*raʿ*": "evil/wickedness/bad", "*sar*": "turned aside/departed/deviated", "*heḥetiʾ*": "caused to sin/led into sin" } } 19 { "verseID": "2 Kings.15.19", "source": "בָּ֣א פ֤וּל מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁוּר֙ עַל־הָאָ֔רֶץ וַיִּתֵּ֤ן מְנַחֵם֙ לְפ֔וּל אֶ֖לֶף כִּכַּר־כָּ֑סֶף לִהְי֤וֹת יָדָיו֙ אִתּ֔וֹ לְהַחֲזִ֥יק הַמַּמְלָכָ֖ה בְּיָדֽוֹ׃", "text": "*Baʾ* *Pul* *melek*-*ʾAshshur* against-the *ʾarets*, and *yitten* *Mənaḥem* to *Pul* thousand *kikkar*-*kaseph* to *lihyot* *yadaw* with him, to *haḥaziq* the *mamlakah* in *yado*.", "grammar": { "*Baʾ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - came", "*Pul*": "proper name - Pul", "*melek*": "construct state, masculine singular - king of", "*ʾAshshur*": "proper name - Assyria", "*ʾarets*": "definite noun, feminine singular - the land", "*yitten*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - gave", "*Mənaḥem*": "proper name - Menahem", "*kikkar*": "construct state, feminine singular - talent of", "*kaseph*": "masculine singular - silver", "*lihyot*": "qal infinitive construct with prefix - to be", "*yadaw*": "feminine dual with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hands", "*haḥaziq*": "hiphil infinitive construct with prefix - to strengthen", "*mamlakah*": "definite noun, feminine singular - the kingdom", "*yado*": "feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand" }, "variants": { "*Pul*": "Pul (Tiglath-Pileser III)", "*kikkar*": "talent (unit of weight/money)", "*haḥaziq*": "to strengthen/to establish/to hold firm" } } 20 { "verseID": "2 Kings.15.20", "source": "וַיֹּצֵא֩ מְנַחֵ֨ם אֶת־הַכֶּ֜סֶף עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל עַ֚ל כָּל־גִּבּוֹרֵ֣י הַחַ֔יִל לָתֵת֙ לְמֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֔וּר חֲמִשִּׁ֧ים שְׁקָלִ֛ים כֶּ֖סֶף לְאִ֣ישׁ אֶחָ֑ד וַיָּ֙שָׁב֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֔וּר וְלֹא־עָ֥מַד שָׁ֖ם בָּאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "And *yotseʾ* *Mənaḥem* *ʾet*-the *keseph* upon-*Yisraʾel*, upon all-*gibbore* the *ḥayil* to *latet* to *melek* *ʾAshshur* fifty *shəqalim* *keseph* to *ʾish* one; and *yashob* *melek* *ʾAshshur* and not-*ʿamad* there in the *ʾarets*.", "grammar": { "*yotseʾ*": "hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - brought out/exacted", "*Mənaḥem*": "proper name - Menahem", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*keseph*": "definite noun, masculine singular - the silver/money", "*Yisraʾel*": "proper name - Israel", "*gibbore*": "construct state, masculine plural - mighty men of", "*ḥayil*": "definite noun, masculine singular - the wealth/valor", "*latet*": "qal infinitive construct - to give", "*melek*": "construct state, masculine singular - king of", "*ʾAshshur*": "proper name - Assyria", "*shəqalim*": "masculine plural - shekels", "*keseph*": "masculine singular - silver", "*ʾish*": "masculine singular - man", "*yashob*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - returned", "*ʿamad*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - remained/stayed", "*ʾarets*": "definite noun, feminine singular - the land" }, "variants": { "*yotseʾ*": "brought out/exacted/raised", "*gibbore*": "mighty men/warriors/wealthy men", "*ḥayil*": "wealth/valor/ability/strength", "*ʿamad*": "remained/stayed/stood" } }
- 2 Chr 9:8 : 8 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.9.8", "source": "יְהִ֨י יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ בָּר֔וּךְ אֲשֶׁ֣ר ׀ חָפֵ֣ץ בְּךָ֗ לְתִתְּךָ֤ עַל־כִּסְאוֹ֙ לְמֶ֔לֶךְ לַיהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ בְּאַהֲבַ֨ת אֱלֹהֶ֤יךָ אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ לְהַעֲמִיד֣וֹ לְעוֹלָ֔ם וַיִּתֶּנְךָ֤ עֲלֵיהֶם֙ לְמֶ֔לֶךְ לַעֲשׂ֖וֹת מִשְׁפָּ֥ט וּצְדָקָֽה", "text": "*yəhî YHWH* *ʾĕlōheyka bārûk* *ʾăšer ḥāp̄ēṣ bəka lətittəḵā* upon-*kisʾô* for-*melek la-YHWH* *ʾĕlōheyka bəʾahăḇaṯ* *ʾĕlōheyka* *ʾeṯ-yiśrāʾēl ləhaʿămîḏô ləʿôlām wayyittenḵā* upon-them for-*melek laʿăśôṯ mišpāṭ û-ṣəḏāqāh*", "grammar": { "*yəhî*": "qal jussive 3rd masculine singular - may he be", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōheyka*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*bārûk*": "qal passive participle masculine singular - blessed", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who", "*ḥāp̄ēṣ*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - delighted/desired", "*bəka*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - in you", "*lətittəḵā*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - to place you", "*ʿal-kisʾô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - on his throne", "*lə-melek*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - as king", "*la-YHWH*": "preposition + divine name - for Yahweh", "*bəʾahăḇaṯ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - in love of", "*ʾeṯ-yiśrāʾēl*": "direct object marker + proper noun - Israel", "*ləhaʿămîḏô*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to establish it", "*ləʿôlām*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - forever", "*wayyittenḵā*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - and he set you", "*ʿălêhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - over them", "*laʿăśôṯ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to do/make", "*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - judgment", "*û-ṣəḏāqāh*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and righteousness" }, "variants": { "*ḥāp̄ēṣ*": "delighted/desired/took pleasure", "*kisʾô*": "his throne/his seat of authority", "*ʾahăḇaṯ*": "love/affection", "*ləhaʿămîḏô*": "to establish it/to make it stand/to maintain it", "*ləʿôlām*": "forever/eternally/perpetually", "*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/justice/legal decision", "*ṣəḏāqāh*": "righteousness/justice/rightness" } }
- Ps 89:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Psalms.89.14", "source": "לְךָ זְרוֹעַ עִם־גְּבוּרָה תָּעֹז יָדְךָ תָּרוּם יְמִינֶךָ", "text": "To-*lᵉkā* *zᵉrôaʿ* with-*gᵉbûrâ*; *tāʿōz* *yādᵉkā*, *tārûm* *yᵉmînekā*", "grammar": { "*lᵉkā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to you/yours", "*zᵉrôaʿ*": "noun, feminine singular - arm", "*ʿim-gᵉbûrâ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - with might", "*tāʿōz*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - it is strong", "*yādᵉkā*": "noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your hand", "*tārûm*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - it is high/exalted", "*yᵉmînekā*": "noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your right hand" }, "variants": { "*zᵉrôaʿ*": "arm/strength/power", "*gᵉbûrâ*": "might/strength/power", "*tāʿōz*": "is strong/mighty/powerful", "*yādᵉkā*": "your hand/power", "*tārûm*": "is exalted/lifted high", "*yᵉmînekā*": "your right hand/power" } }
- Ps 99:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Psalms.99.4", "source": "וְעֹ֥ז מֶלֶךְ֮ מִשְׁפָּ֢ט אָ֫הֵ֥ב אַ֭תָּה כּוֹנַ֣נְתָּ מֵישָׁרִ֑ים מִשְׁפָּ֥ט וּ֝צְדָקָ֗ה בְּיַעֲקֹ֤ב ׀ אַתָּ֬ה עָשִֽׂיתָ׃", "text": "*wə-ʿōz* *meleḵ* *mišpāṭ* *ʾāhēḇ* *ʾattāh* *kônantā* *mêšārîm* *mišpāṭ* *û-ṣədāqāh* in-*yaʿăqōḇ* *ʾattāh* *ʿāśîtā*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿōz*": "conjunction + common noun, masculine singular construct - and strength of", "*meleḵ*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - king", "*mišpāṭ*": "common noun, masculine singular - judgment/justice", "*ʾāhēḇ*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - loves", "*ʾattāh*": "personal pronoun, 2nd person masculine singular - you", "*kônantā*": "polel perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you established", "*mêšārîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - equity/uprightness", "*mišpāṭ*": "common noun, masculine singular - judgment/justice", "*û-ṣədāqāh*": "conjunction + common noun, feminine singular - and righteousness", "*yaʿăqōḇ*": "proper noun - Jacob/Israel, with preposition *bə* - in", "*ʾattāh*": "personal pronoun, 2nd person masculine singular - you", "*ʿāśîtā*": "qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you have done/made" }, "variants": { "*ʿōz*": "strength/might/power", "*mišpāṭ*": "justice/judgment/ordinance/right", "*ʾāhēḇ*": "loves/is fond of", "*kônantā*": "established/set up/prepared", "*mêšārîm*": "equity/uprightness/fairness/righteousness" } }
- Prov 8:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Proverbs.8.15", "source": "בִּ֭י מְלָכִ֣ים יִמְלֹ֑כוּ וְ֝רוֹזְנִ֗ים יְחֹ֣קְקוּ צֶֽדֶק׃", "text": "By-me *mᵊlākîm yimlōkû*, and-*rôzᵊnîm yᵊḥōqᵊqû ṣedeq*", "grammar": { "*mᵊlākîm*": "masculine plural noun - kings", "*yimlōkû*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they reign/rule", "*rôzᵊnîm*": "masculine plural noun - rulers/princes", "*yᵊḥōqᵊqû*": "poel imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they decree/enact", "*ṣedeq*": "masculine singular noun - righteousness/justice" }, "variants": { "*mᵊlākîm*": "kings/monarchs/sovereigns", "*rôzᵊnîm*": "rulers/princes/nobles", "*yᵊḥōqᵊqû*": "they decree/enact/establish", "*ṣedeq*": "righteousness/justice/what is right" } }
- Prov 16:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Proverbs.16.12", "source": "תּוֹעֲבַ֣ת מְ֭לָכִים עֲשׂ֣וֹת רֶ֑שַׁע כִּ֥י בִ֝צְדָקָ֗ה יִכּ֥וֹן כִּסֵּֽא׃", "text": "*tôʿăḇat* *mᵉlākîm* *ʿăśôt* *rešaʿ* for in-*ṣᵉdāqāh* *yikkôn* *kissēʾ*", "grammar": { "*tôʿăḇat*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - abomination of", "*mᵉlākîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - kings", "*ʿăśôt*": "verb, Qal infinitive construct - to do/commit", "*rešaʿ*": "noun, masculine, singular - wickedness/evil", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*bᵉ*": "preposition - in/by", "*ṣᵉdāqāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - righteousness/justice", "*yikkôn*": "verb, Niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - is established/is made firm", "*kissēʾ*": "noun, masculine, singular - throne" }, "variants": { "*tôʿăḇat*": "abomination/detestable thing", "*yikkôn*": "is established/is made firm/is secure" } }
- Prov 20:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Proverbs.20.8", "source": "מֶ֗לֶךְ יוֹשֵׁ֥ב עַל־כִּסֵּא־דִ֑ין מְזָרֶ֖ה בְעֵינָ֣יו כָּל־רָֽע׃", "text": "*melek* *yōšēb* upon-*kissēʾ*-*dîn* *məzāreh* with-*ʿênāyw* all-*rāʿ*", "grammar": { "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular - king", "*yōšēb*": "verb, Qal participle masculine singular - sitting", "*kissēʾ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - throne of", "*dîn*": "noun, masculine singular - judgment", "*məzāreh*": "verb, Piel participle masculine singular - scattering/winnowing", "*ʿênāyw*": "noun, feminine dual with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his eyes", "*rāʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular - evil" }, "variants": { "*melek*": "king/ruler/sovereign", "*yōšēb*": "sitting/dwelling/enthroned", "*kissēʾ*": "throne/seat", "*dîn*": "judgment/justice/legal case", "*məzāreh*": "scatters/winnows/disperses", "*ʿênāyw*": "his eyes/sight/gaze", "*rāʿ*": "evil/wickedness/wrongdoing" } }