Verse 14

{ "verseID": "Psalms.109.14", "source": "יִזָּכֵ֤ר ׀ עֲוֺ֣ן אֲ֭בֹתָיו אֶל־יְהוָ֑ה וְחַטַּ֥את אִ֝מּ֗וֹ אַל־תִּמָּֽח׃", "text": "*Yizzākēr* *ʿăwōn* *ʾăbōtāyw* to-*YHWH* and-*ḥaṭṭaʾt* *ʾimmô* not *timmāḥ*.", "grammar": { "*Yizzākēr*": "verb, niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - let be remembered", "*ʿăwōn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - iniquity of", "*ʾăbōtāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his fathers", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ḥaṭṭaʾt*": "noun, feminine singular construct - sin of", "*ʾimmô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his mother", "*timmāḥ*": "verb, niphal jussive 3rd person feminine singular - let be blotted out" }, "variants": { "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment for iniquity", "*ḥaṭṭaʾt*": "sin/offense/purification offering" } }

Other Translations

Referenced Verses

  • Exod 20:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Exodus.20.5", "source": "לֹֽא־תִשְׁתַּחְוֶ֥֣ה לָהֶ֖ם֮ וְלֹ֣א תָעָבְדֵ֑ם֒ כִּ֣י אֽ͏ָנֹכִ֞י יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ אֵ֣ל קַנָּ֔א פֹּ֠קֵד עֲוֺ֨ן אָבֹ֧ת עַל־בָּנִ֛ים עַל־שִׁלֵּשִׁ֥ים וְעַל־רִבֵּעִ֖ים לְשֹׂנְאָֽ֑י׃", "text": "*lōʾ-ṯishtaḥăweh lāhem wə-lōʾ ṯāʿāḇəḏēm kî ʾānōḵî YHWH ʾĕlōheḵā ʾēl qannāʾ pōqēḏ ʿăwōn ʾāḇōṯ ʿal-bānîm ʿal-shillēshîm wə-ʿal-ribēʿîm lə-śōnəʾāy*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ-ṯishtaḥăweh*": "negative particle + hishtaphel imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall not bow down", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them", "*wə-lōʾ ṯāʿāḇəḏēm*": "conjunction + negative particle + qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and you shall not serve them", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾānōḵî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*YHWH*": "proper name - LORD/YHWH", "*ʾĕlōheḵā*": "masculine plural noun construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*ʾēl qannāʾ*": "masculine singular noun + adjective - jealous God", "*pōqēḏ*": "qal participle, masculine singular - visiting/punishing", "*ʿăwōn*": "masculine singular construct - iniquity of", "*ʾāḇōṯ*": "masculine plural noun - fathers", "*ʿal-bānîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - upon children", "*ʿal-shillēshîm*": "preposition + masculine plural ordinal - upon third [generation]", "*wə-ʿal-ribēʿîm*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine plural ordinal - and upon fourth [generation]", "*lə-śōnəʾāy*": "preposition + qal participle plural construct with 1st singular suffix - to those hating me" }, "variants": { "*ṯishtaḥăweh*": "bow down/prostrate yourself/worship", "*ṯāʿāḇəḏēm*": "serve them/worship them/be enslaved to them", "*ʾēl qannāʾ*": "jealous God/zealous God/passionate God", "*pōqēḏ*": "visiting/punishing/attending to", "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment", "*lə-śōnəʾāy*": "to those who hate me/to my enemies" } }
  • Neh 4:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.4.5", "source": "וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ צָרֵ֗ינוּ לֹ֤א יֵדְעוּ֙ וְלֹ֣א יִרְא֔וּ עַ֛ד אֲשֶׁר־נָב֥וֹא אֶל־תּוֹכָ֖ם וַהֲרַגְנ֑וּם וְהִשְׁבַּ֖תְנוּ אֶת־הַמְּלָאכָֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmərû* our *ṣārênû*, *lōʾ* *yēdəʿû* and *lōʾ* *yirʾû* until that we *nābôʾ* to their *tôkām* and *waharagnûm* and *wəhišbatnû* *ʾet*-the *hamməlāʾkâ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmərû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3mp - and they said", "*ṣārênû*": "noun masculine plural construct + pronominal suffix 1cp - our adversaries", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yēdəʿû*": "qal imperfect 3mp - they will know", "*yirʾû*": "qal imperfect 3mp - they will see", "*nābôʾ*": "qal imperfect 1cp - we come", "*tôkām*": "noun masculine singular construct + pronominal suffix 3mp - their midst", "*waharagnûm*": "waw-consecutive + qal perfect 1cp + pronominal suffix 3mp - and we will kill them", "*wəhišbatnû*": "waw-conjunctive + hiphil perfect 1cp - and we will cause to cease", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*hamməlāʾkâ*": "definite article + noun feminine singular - the work" }, "variants": { "*ṣārênû*": "our adversaries/enemies/foes", "*tôkām*": "their midst/among them", "*waharagnûm*": "and we will kill/slay them", "*wəhišbatnû*": "and we will cause to cease/stop" } }
  • Jer 18:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.18.23", "source": "וְאַתָּ֣ה יְ֠הוָה יָדַ֜עְתָּ אֶֽת־כָּל־עֲצָתָ֤ם עָלַי֙ לַמָּ֔וֶת אַל־תְּכַפֵּר֙ עַל־עֲוֺנָ֔ם וְחַטָּאתָ֖ם מִלְּפָנֶ֣יךָ אַל־תֶּ֑מְחִי *והיו **וְיִהְי֤וּ מֻכְשָׁלִים֙ לְפָנֶ֔יךָ בְּעֵ֥ת אַפְּךָ֖ עֲשֵׂ֥ה בָהֶֽם׃ ס", "text": "And you, *YHWH*, *yādaʿtā* *ʾet*-all their *ʿăṣātām* against me to *lammāwet*. Do not *tĕkappēr* on their *ʿăwōnām*, and their *ḥaṭṭāʾtām* from before you do not *temḥî*. Let them *wĕyihyû* *mukšālîm* before you; in time of your *ʾappĕkā* *ʿăśēh* with them", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*yādaʿtā*": "verb, qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you know", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿăṣātām*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their plan", "*lammāwet*": "preposition + article + noun, masculine singular - to the death", "*tĕkappēr*": "verb, piel imperfect jussive, 2nd person masculine singular - forgive/atone", "*ʿăwōnām*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their iniquity", "*ḥaṭṭāʾtām*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sin", "*temḥî*": "verb, qal imperfect jussive, 2nd person masculine singular - blot out/wipe away", "*wĕyihyû*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect jussive, 3rd person masculine plural - let them be", "*mukšālîm*": "verb, hophal participle, masculine plural - overthrown/made to stumble", "*ʾappĕkā*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your anger", "*ʿăśēh*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine singular - do/act" }, "variants": { "*yādaʿtā*": "you know/are aware", "*ʿăṣātām*": "their plan/counsel/advice", "*lammāwet*": "to death/for death", "*tĕkappēr*": "forgive/atone for/cover", "*ʿăwōnām*": "their iniquity/guilt/sin", "*ḥaṭṭāʾtām*": "their sin/offense", "*temḥî*": "blot out/wipe away/erase", "*wĕyihyû*": "let them be/become", "*mukšālîm*": "overthrown/made to stumble/caused to fall", "*ʾappĕkā*": "your anger/wrath/nose", "*ʿăśēh*": "do/act/make" } }
  • Matt 23:31-36 : 31 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.31", "source": "Ὥστε μαρτυρεῖτε ἑαυτοῖς, ὅτι υἱοί ἐστε τῶν φονευσάντων τοὺς προφήτας.", "text": "*Hōste martyreite* to-yourselves, that *huioi* *este* of-the ones *phoneusantōn* the *prophētas*.", "grammar": { "*Hōste*": "conjunction - so that/therefore", "*martyreite*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you testify/bear witness", "*heautois*": "dative, masculine, plural, reflexive pronoun - to yourselves", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that", "*huioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - sons", "*este*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you are", "*phoneusantōn*": "aorist, active, participle, genitive, masculine, plural - of the ones who murdered", "*prophētas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - prophets" }, "variants": { "*martyreite*": "testify/bear witness/give evidence", "*heautois*": "to yourselves/against yourselves", "*huioi*": "sons/descendants/offspring", "*phoneusantōn*": "those who murdered/killed/slaughtered", "*prophētas*": "prophets/those who speak for God" } } 32 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.32", "source": "Καὶ ὑμεῖς πληρώσατε τὸ μέτρον τῶν πατέρων ὑμῶν.", "text": "And you *plērōsate* the *metron* of-the *paterōn* of-you.", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - and", "*hymeis*": "nominative, plural - you (emphatic, subject)", "*plērōsate*": "aorist, active, imperative, 2nd person plural - fill up!", "*metron*": "accusative, neuter, singular - measure", "*paterōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of fathers/ancestors", "*hymōn*": "genitive, plural - of you" }, "variants": { "*plērōsate*": "fill up/complete/fulfill! (can be understood as imperative or predictive)", "*metron*": "measure/limit/standard", "*paterōn*": "fathers/ancestors/forefathers" } } 33 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.33", "source": "Ὄφεις, γεννήματα ἐχιδνῶν, πῶς φύγητε ἀπὸ τῆς κρίσεως τῆς γεέννης;", "text": "*Opheis*, *gennēmata* *echidnōn*, how *phygēte* from the *kriseōs* of-the *geennēs*?", "grammar": { "*Opheis*": "vocative, masculine, plural - serpents (direct address)", "*gennēmata*": "vocative, neuter, plural - offspring/brood (direct address)", "*echidnōn*": "genitive, feminine, plural - of vipers", "*pōs*": "interrogative adverb - how", "*phygēte*": "aorist, active, subjunctive, 2nd person plural - you might escape/flee", "*apo*": "preposition with genitive - from", "*kriseōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of judgment", "*geennēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of Gehenna/hell" }, "variants": { "*Opheis*": "serpents/snakes", "*gennēmata*": "offspring/brood/children", "*echidnōn*": "of vipers/poisonous snakes", "*phygēte*": "escape/flee/avoid", "*kriseōs*": "judgment/condemnation/sentence", "*geennēs*": "Gehenna/hell/place of punishment" } } 34 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.34", "source": "¶Διὰ τοῦτο, ἰδού, ἐγὼ ἀποστέλλω πρὸς ὑμᾶς προφήτας, καὶ σοφοὺς, καὶ γραμματεῖς: καὶ ἐξ αὐτῶν ἀποκτενεῖτε καὶ σταυρώσετε· καὶ ἐξ αὐτῶν μαστιγώσετε ἐν ταῖς συναγωγαῖς ὑμῶν, καὶ διώξετε ἀπὸ πόλεως εἰς πόλιν:", "text": "Because-of this, *idou*, I *apostellō* *pros* you *prophētas*, and *sophous*, and *grammateis*: and from them *apokteneite* and *staurōsete*; and from them *mastigōsete* in the *synagōgais* of-you, and *diōxete* from *poleōs* to *polin*:", "grammar": { "*Dia touto*": "prepositional phrase - because of this/therefore", "*idou*": "interjection - behold/look", "*egō*": "nominative, singular - I (emphatic, subject)", "*apostellō*": "present, active, indicative, 1st person singular - I send", "*pros*": "preposition with accusative - to/toward", "*hymas*": "accusative, plural - you (direct object)", "*prophētas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - prophets", "*sophous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - wise ones", "*grammateis*": "accusative, masculine, plural - scribes", "*ex autōn*": "partitive genitive - some of them", "*apokteneite*": "future, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you will kill", "*staurōsete*": "future, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you will crucify", "*mastigōsete*": "future, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you will flog/whip", "*synagōgais*": "dative, feminine, plural - in synagogues", "*hymōn*": "genitive, plural - of you", "*diōxete*": "future, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you will persecute", "*apo*": "preposition with genitive - from", "*poleōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - city", "*eis*": "preposition with accusative - to/into", "*polin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - city" }, "variants": { "*idou*": "behold/look/see", "*apostellō*": "send/send out/commission", "*prophētas*": "prophets/those who speak for God", "*sophous*": "wise ones/sages/scholars", "*grammateis*": "scribes/scholars/teachers of law", "*apokteneite*": "will kill/put to death", "*staurōsete*": "will crucify/execute on cross", "*mastigōsete*": "will flog/whip/scourge", "*synagōgais*": "synagogues/assemblies/meeting places", "*diōxete*": "will persecute/pursue/chase", "*poleōs*": "city/town", "*polin*": "city/town" } } 35 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.35", "source": "Ὅπως ἔλθῃ ἐφʼ ὑμᾶς πᾶν αἷμα δίκαιον ἐκχυνόμενον ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, ἀπὸ τοῦ αἵματος Ἄβελ τοῦ δικαίου ἕως τοῦ αἵματος Ζαχαρίου υἱοῦ Βαραχίου, ὃν ἐφονεύσατε μεταξὺ τοῦ ναοῦ καὶ τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου.", "text": "*Hopōs elthē* upon you all *haima* *dikaion* *ekchynomenon* upon the *gēs*, from the *haimatos* *Abel* the *dikaiou* until the *haimatos* *Zachariou* *huiou* *Barachiou*, whom *ephoneusate* between the *naou* and the *thysiastēriou*.", "grammar": { "*Hopōs*": "conjunction - so that/in order that", "*elthē*": "aorist, active, subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might come", "*eph' hymas*": "preposition with accusative - upon you", "*pan*": "nominative, neuter, singular - all", "*haima*": "nominative, neuter, singular - blood", "*dikaion*": "nominative, neuter, singular - righteous/innocent", "*ekchynomenon*": "present, passive, participle, nominative, neuter, singular - being shed/poured out", "*epi*": "preposition with genitive - upon/on", "*gēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - earth/land", "*apo*": "preposition with genitive - from", "*haimatos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - blood", "*Abel*": "genitive - Abel (proper name)", "*dikaiou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - righteous", "*heōs*": "preposition - until/as far as", "*haimatos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - blood", "*Zachariou*": "genitive - Zechariah (proper name)", "*huiou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - son", "*Barachiou*": "genitive - Barachiah (proper name)", "*hon*": "accusative, masculine, singular, relative pronoun - whom", "*ephoneusate*": "aorist, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you murdered", "*metaxy*": "preposition with genitive - between", "*naou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - temple/sanctuary", "*thysiastēriou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - altar" }, "variants": { "*elthē*": "might come/fall upon/be charged to", "*haima*": "blood/bloodshed/blood-guilt", "*dikaion*": "righteous/innocent/just", "*ekchynomenon*": "being shed/poured out/spilled", "*gēs*": "earth/land/ground", "*haimatos*": "blood/bloodshed", "*dikaiou*": "righteous/innocent/just", "*huiou*": "son/descendant", "*ephoneusate*": "murdered/killed/slaughtered", "*naou*": "temple/sanctuary/shrine", "*thysiastēriou*": "altar/place of sacrifice" } } 36 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.36", "source": "Ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν, Ἥξει ταῦτα πάντα ἐπὶ τὴν γενεὰν ταύτην.", "text": "*Amēn* *legō* to-you, *Hēxei* these all upon the *genean* this.", "grammar": { "*Amēn*": "Hebrew term - truly/verily/amen", "*legō*": "present, active, indicative, 1st person singular - I say/tell", "*hymin*": "dative, plural - to you (indirect object)", "*Hēxei*": "future, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - will come", "*tauta*": "nominative, neuter, plural - these things", "*panta*": "nominative, neuter, plural - all", "*epi*": "preposition with accusative - upon/on", "*genean*": "accusative, feminine, singular - generation", "*tautēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - this" }, "variants": { "*Amēn*": "truly/verily/certainly", "*legō*": "say/tell/speak", "*Hēxei*": "will come/will arrive/will be upon", "*genean*": "generation/contemporaries/age" } }
  • Isa 43:25 : 25 { "verseID": "Isaiah.43.25", "source": "אָנֹכִ֨י אָנֹכִ֥י ה֛וּא מֹחֶ֥ה פְשָׁעֶ֖יךָ לְמַעֲנִ֑י וְחַטֹּאתֶ֖יךָ לֹ֥א אֶזְכֹּֽר׃", "text": "I, I am *hûʾ* who *mōḥeh* your *pəšāʿêkā* for my sake, and your *ḥaṭṭōʾtêkā* not *ʾezkōr*.", "grammar": { "*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - he/it", "*mōḥeh*": "participle, masculine singular - wiping away/blotting out", "*pəšāʿêkā*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your transgressions", "*ḥaṭṭōʾtêkā*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your sins", "*ʾezkōr*": "imperfect, 1st person singular - I will remember" }, "variants": { "*hûʾ*": "he/it/that one", "*mōḥeh*": "wiping away/blotting out/erasing", "*pəšāʿêkā*": "your transgressions/your rebellions/your crimes", "*ḥaṭṭōʾtêkā*": "your sins/your offenses/your failures", "*ʾezkōr*": "will remember/will recall/will bring to mind" } }
  • Lev 26:39 : 39 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.39", "source": "וְהַנִּשְׁאָרִ֣ים בָּכֶ֗ם יִמַּ֙קּוּ֙ בּֽ͏ַעֲוֺנָ֔ם בְּאַרְצֹ֖ת אֹיְבֵיכֶ֑ם וְאַ֛ף בַּעֲוֺנֹ֥ת אֲבֹתָ֖ם אִתָּ֥ם יִמָּֽקּוּ׃", "text": "*wə-hannišʾārîm* *bākem* *yimmaqû* *baʿăwōnām* *bəʾarṣōt* *ʾōyəbêkem* *wə-ʾap* *baʿăwōnōt* *ʾăbōtām* *ʾittām* *yimmāqû*", "grammar": { "*wə-hannišʾārîm*": "conjunction + definite article + Niphal participle masculine plural - and those remaining", "*bākem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - among you", "*yimmaqû*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they shall waste away/rot", "*baʿăwōnām*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their iniquity", "*bəʾarṣōt*": "preposition + feminine plural construct - in lands of", "*ʾōyəbêkem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your enemies", "*wə-ʾap*": "conjunction + adverb/conjunction - and also/moreover", "*baʿăwōnōt*": "preposition + masculine plural construct - in iniquities of", "*ʾăbōtām*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their fathers", "*ʾittām*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - with them", "*yimmāqû*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they shall waste away/rot" }, "variants": { "*nišʾārîm*": "remaining/left over/survivors", "*yimmaqû*": "rot/waste away/decay/pine away", "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment for iniquity", "*ʾăbōt*": "fathers/ancestors/forefathers" } }
  • 2 Sam 3:29 : 29 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.3.29", "source": "יָחֻ֙לוּ֙ עַל־רֹ֣אשׁ יוֹאָ֔ב וְאֶ֖ל כָּל־בֵּ֣ית אָבִ֑יו וְֽאַל־יִכָּרֵ֣ת מִבֵּ֣ית יוֹאָ֡ב זָ֠ב וּמְצֹרָ֞ע וּמַחֲזִ֥יק בַּפֶּ֛לֶךְ וְנֹפֵ֥ל בַּחֶ֖רֶב וַחֲסַר־לָֽחֶם׃", "text": "*yāḥullû* upon *rōʾš* *yôʾāb* *wə-* to all *bêt* *ʾābîw* *wə-ʾal* *yikkārēt* from *bêt* *yôʾāb* *zāb* *û-məṣōrāʿ* *û-maḥăzîq* in *pelekh* *wə-nōpēl* in *ḥereb* *wa-ḥăsar* *lāḥem*", "grammar": { "*yāḥullû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person plural - may they fall/rest/be", "*rōʾš*": "construct masculine singular - head of", "*yôʾāb*": "proper noun - Joab", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*bêt*": "construct masculine singular - house of", "*ʾābîw*": "noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his father", "*wə-ʾal*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*yikkārēt*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular jussive - may he be cut off", "*zāb*": "Qal participle masculine singular - one having a discharge", "*û-məṣōrāʿ*": "conjunction + Pual participle masculine singular - and one being leprous", "*û-maḥăzîq*": "conjunction + Hiphil participle masculine singular - and one holding", "*pelekh*": "noun masculine singular - staff/spindle/distaff", "*wə-nōpēl*": "conjunction + Qal participle masculine singular - and one falling", "*ḥereb*": "noun feminine singular - sword", "*wa-ḥăsar*": "conjunction + adjective masculine singular construct - and lacking of", "*lāḥem*": "noun masculine singular - bread/food" }, "variants": { "*yāḥullû*": "may they fall upon/rest upon/be upon", "*pelekh*": "spindle/distaff/crutch", "*ḥăsar*": "lacking/needy of", "*zāb*": "one having an issue/discharge (ceremonially unclean condition)" } }
  • 2 Sam 21:1 : 1 { "verseID": "2Samuel.21.1", "source": "וַיְהִ֣י רָעָב֩ בִּימֵ֨י דָוִ֜ד שָׁלֹ֣שׁ שָׁנִ֗ים שָׁנָה֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י שָׁנָ֔ה וַיְבַקֵּ֥שׁ דָּוִ֖ד אֶת־פְּנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה ס וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוָ֗ה אֶל־שָׁאוּל֙ וְאֶל־בֵּ֣ית הַדָּמִ֔ים עַֽל־אֲשֶׁר־הֵמִ֖ית אֶת־הַגִּבְעֹנִֽים", "text": "And *wayĕhî* *rāʿāb* in *yĕmê* *Dāwid* three *šānîm*, *šānâ* after *šānâ*, and *wayĕbaqqêš* *Dāwid* *ʾet*-face of *YHWH*; and *wayyōʾmer* *YHWH*, \"To-*Šāʾûl* and to-*bêt* the-*dāmîm*, because that-he-*hēmît* *ʾet*-the-*Gibʿōnîm*.\"", "grammar": { "*wayĕhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and it was/came to pass", "*rāʿāb*": "noun, masculine singular - famine/hunger", "*yĕmê*": "construct plural of *yôm* - days of", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*šānîm*": "noun, feminine plural - years", "*šānâ*": "noun, feminine singular - year", "*wayĕbaqqêš*": "waw-consecutive + piel imperfect 3ms - and he sought", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he said", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*dāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - bloods", "*hēmît*": "hiphil perfect 3ms - he killed/caused to die", "*Gibʿōnîm*": "proper noun, plural - Gibeonites" }, "variants": { "*wayĕhî*": "it happened/there was/came to pass", "*rāʿāb*": "famine/hunger", "*bêt* *dāmîm*": "house of blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt", "*wayĕbaqqêš*": "sought/inquired of/consulted" } }
  • 2 Sam 21:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "2Samuel.21.8", "source": "וַיִּקַּ֣ח הַמֶּ֡לֶךְ אֶת־שְׁ֠נֵי בְּנֵ֨י רִצְפָּ֤ה בַת־אַיָּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יָלְדָ֣ה לְשָׁא֔וּל אֶת־אַרְמֹנִ֖י וְאֶת־מְפִבֹ֑שֶׁת וְאֶת־חֲמֵ֗שֶׁת בְּנֵי֙ מִיכַ֣ל בַּת־שָׁא֔וּל אֲשֶׁ֥ר יָלְדָ֛ה לְעַדְרִיאֵ֥ל בֶּן־בַּרְזִלַּ֖י הַמְּחֹלָתִֽי", "text": "And *wayyiqqaḥ* the-*melek* *ʾet*-two *bĕnê* *Riṣpâ* *bat*-*ʾAyyâ* *ʾăšer* *yāldâ* to-*Šāʾûl*, *ʾet*-*ʾArmōnî* and-*ʾet*-*Mĕpibōšet*, and-*ʾet*-five *bĕnê* *Mîkal* *bat*-*Šāʾûl* *ʾăšer* *yāldâ* to-*ʿAdrîʾēl* *ben*-*Barzillay* the-*Mĕḥōlātî*.", "grammar": { "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he took", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular - king", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bĕnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Riṣpâ*": "proper noun - Rizpah", "*bat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - daughter of", "*ʾAyyâ*": "proper noun - Aiah", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - whom", "*yāldâ*": "qal perfect 3fs - she bore", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*ʾArmōnî*": "proper noun - Armoni", "*Mĕpibōšet*": "proper noun - Mephibosheth", "*Mîkal*": "proper noun - Michal", "*ʿAdrîʾēl*": "proper noun - Adriel", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*Barzillay*": "proper noun - Barzillai", "*Mĕḥōlātî*": "gentilic adjective - Meholathite" }, "variants": { "*yāldâ*": "bore/gave birth to/brought forth" } } 9 { "verseID": "2Samuel.21.9", "source": "וַֽיִּתְּנֵ֞ם בְּיַ֣ד הַגִּבְעֹנִ֗ים וַיֹּקִיעֻ֤ם בָּהָר֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה וַיִּפְּל֥וּ *שבעתים **שְׁבַעְתָּ֖ם יָ֑חַד *והם **וְהֵ֨מָּה הֻמְת֜וּ בִּימֵ֤י קָצִיר֙ בָּרִ֣אשֹׁנִ֔ים *תחלת **בִּתְחִלַּ֖ת קְצִ֥יר שְׂעֹרִֽים", "text": "And *wayyittĕnēm* in-*yad* the-*Gibʿōnîm*, and *wayyōqîʿum* in-the-*hār* before *YHWH*, and *wayyippĕlû* *šĕbaʿtām* *yāḥad*; and-*hēmmâ* *humtû* in-*yĕmê* *qāṣîr* in-the-*rīʾšōnîm*, in-*tĕḥillat* *qĕṣîr* *śĕʿōrîm*.", "grammar": { "*wayyittĕnēm*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms + 3mp suffix - and he gave them", "*yad*": "noun, feminine singular construct - hand of", "*Gibʿōnîm*": "proper noun, plural - Gibeonites", "*wayyōqîʿum*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3mp + 3mp suffix - and they hanged/executed them", "*hār*": "noun, masculine singular - mountain/hill", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*wayyippĕlû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3mp - and they fell", "*šĕbaʿtām*": "cardinal number + 3mp suffix - the seven of them", "*yāḥad*": "adverb - together", "*hēmmâ*": "pronoun 3mp - they", "*humtû*": "hophal perfect 3cp - they were put to death", "*yĕmê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - days of", "*qāṣîr*": "noun, masculine singular - harvest", "*rīʾšōnîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - first", "*tĕḥillat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - beginning of", "*qĕṣîr*": "noun, masculine singular construct - harvest of", "*śĕʿōrîm*": "noun, feminine plural - barley" }, "variants": { "*wayyōqîʿum*": "executed them/hanged them/exposed them", "*humtû*": "they were put to death/executed/killed", "*rīʾšōnîm*": "first/former/beginning" } }
  • 2 Kgs 8:27 : 27 { "verseID": "2 Kings.8.27", "source": "וַיֵּ֗לֶךְ בְּדֶ֙רֶךְ֙ בֵּ֣ית אַחְאָ֔ב וַיַּ֧עַשׂ הָרַ֛ע בְּעֵינֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה כְּבֵ֣ית אַחְאָ֑ב כִּ֛י חֲתַ֥ן בֵּית־אַחְאָ֖ב הֽוּא׃", "text": "And *yēlek* in the *derek* of *bêt* *ʾaḥʾāb*, and *yaʿaś* the *raʿ* in the eyes of *YHWH* like the *bêt* *ʾaḥʾāb*, for *ḥătan* *bêt-ʾaḥʾāb* he was.", "grammar": { "*yēlek*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - he walked", "*derek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - way of", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of/dynasty of", "*ʾaḥʾāb*": "proper noun - Ahab", "*yaʿaś*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - he did", "*raʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the evil", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/the LORD", "*ḥătan*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son-in-law of", "*bêt-ʾaḥʾāb*": "noun, masculine singular construct + proper noun - house of Ahab" }, "variants": { "*yēlek bəderek*": "walked in the way of/followed the practices of/imitated", "*yaʿaś hāraʿ bəʿênê YHWH*": "did evil in the eyes of Yahweh/committed what was displeasing to the LORD", "*ḥătan*": "son-in-law/relative by marriage" } }
  • 2 Kgs 9:27 : 27 { "verseID": "2 Kings.9.27", "source": "וַאֲחַזְיָ֤ה מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָה֙ רָאָ֔ה וַיָּ֕נָס דֶּ֖רֶךְ בֵּ֣ית הַגָּ֑ן וַיִּרְדֹּ֨ף אַחֲרָ֜יו יֵה֗וּא וַ֠יֹּאמֶר גַּם־אֹת֞וֹ הַכֻּ֣הוּ אֶל־הַמֶּרְכָּבָ֗ה בְּמַֽעֲלֵה־גוּר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֶֽת־יִבְלְעָ֔ם וַיָּ֥נָס מְגִדּ֖וֹ וַיָּ֥מָת שָֽׁם׃", "text": "And *ʾĂḥazyāh* *melek-yĕhûdāh* *rāʾāh* and *yānās* *derek* *bêt* the *gān*; and *yirdōp* after him *Yēhûʾ* and *yōʾmer* also him *hakkuhû* unto the *merkābāh* at *maʿălēh-gûr* which [is] at *Yiblĕʿām*, and *yānās* [to] *Mĕgiddô* and *yāmāt* there.", "grammar": { "*ʾĂḥazyāh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Ahaziah", "*melek-yĕhûdāh*": "construct chain - king of Judah", "*rāʾāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - saw/perceived", "*yānās*": "Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - fled", "*derek*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - way/direction of", "*bêt*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*gān*": "common noun, masculine singular - garden", "*yirdōp*": "Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - pursued", "*Yēhûʾ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jehu", "*yōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*hakkuhû*": "Hiphil imperative, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular object suffix - strike him", "*merkābāh*": "common noun, feminine singular - chariot", "*maʿălēh-gûr*": "construct chain - ascent of Gur", "*Yiblĕʿām*": "proper noun - Ibleam (place name)", "*Mĕgiddô*": "proper noun - Megiddo (place name)", "*yāmāt*": "Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - died" }, "variants": { "*rāʾāh*": "saw/perceived/observed", "*yānās*": "fled/escaped", "*derek*": "way/road/path/direction", "*bêt*": "house/place/dwelling of", "*gān*": "garden/enclosure", "*hakkuhû*": "strike him/smite him/kill him", "*merkābāh*": "chariot/war vehicle" } }
  • 2 Kgs 10:13-14 : 13 { "verseID": "2 Kings.10.13", "source": "וְיֵה֗וּא מָצָא֙ אֶת־אֲחֵי֙ אֲחַזְיָ֣הוּ מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֔ה וַיֹּ֖אמֶר מִ֣י אַתֶּ֑ם וַיֹּאמְר֗וּ אֲחֵ֤י אֲחַזְיָ֙הוּ֙ אֲנַ֔חְנוּ וַנֵּ֛רֶד לִשְׁל֥וֹם בְּנֵֽי־הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ וּבְנֵ֥י הַגְּבִירָֽה", "text": "And-*Yēhûʾ* *māṣāʾ* the-*ʾăḥê* *ʾĂḥazyāhû* *melek*-*Yəhûdāh* *wayyōʾmer* who you? *wayyōʾmərû* *ʾăḥê* *ʾĂḥazyāhû* we, *wannēred* for-*šālôm* *bənê*-the-*melek* and-*bənê* the-*gəbîrāh*", "grammar": { "*Yēhûʾ*": "proper noun - Jehu", "*māṣāʾ*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he found", "*ʾăḥê*": "masculine construct plural noun - brothers of", "*ʾĂḥazyāhû*": "proper noun - Ahaziah", "*melek*": "masculine singular construct - king of", "*Yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*wayyōʾmərû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they said", "*wannēred*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 1st common plural - and we are going down", "*šālôm*": "masculine singular noun - peace/welfare", "*bənê*": "masculine construct plural noun - sons of", "*melek*": "masculine singular noun - king", "*gəbîrāh*": "feminine singular noun - queen mother" }, "variants": { "*ʾăḥê*": "brothers/relatives", "*šālôm*": "peace/welfare/to greet", "*gəbîrāh*": "queen mother/royal mother/lady" } } 14 { "verseID": "2 Kings.10.14", "source": "וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ תִּפְשׂ֣וּם חַיִּ֔ים וַֽיִּתְפְּשׂ֖וּם חַיִּ֑ים וַֽיִּשְׁחָט֞וּם אֶל־בּ֣וֹר בֵּֽית־עֵ֗קֶד אַרְבָּעִ֤ים וּשְׁנַ֙יִם֙ אִ֔ישׁ וְלֹֽא־הִשְׁאִ֥יר אִ֖ישׁ מֵהֶֽם׃ ס", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* take *tipsûm* them *ḥayyîm* alive, and *wayyitpesûm* *ḥayyîm* alive, and *wayyišḥāṭûm* them at *ʾel-bôr* *bêt-ʿēqed* pit of Beth-eked, *ʾarbāʿîm ûšnayim* forty and two *ʾîš* men, and not *hišʾîr* left *ʾîš* man from them.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*tipsûm*": "Qal imperative masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - seize/take them", "*ḥayyîm*": "adjective masculine plural absolute - alive/living", "*wayyitpesûm*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and they seized them", "*wayyišḥāṭûm*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and they slaughtered them", "*ʾel-bôr*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - to/at the pit/cistern of", "*bêt-ʿēqed*": "noun compound - house of binding/gathering", "*ʾarbāʿîm ûšnayim*": "cardinal numbers - forty and two", "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - man/each one", "*hišʾîr*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - he left/spared", "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - man/anyone" }, "variants": { "*tipsûm*": "seize/capture/take", "*ḥayyîm*": "alive/living/life", "*bôr*": "pit/cistern/dungeon", "*bêt-ʿēqed*": "house of binding/house of sheep-shearing/gathering place", "*hišʾîr*": "left/spared/remained" } }
  • 2 Kgs 11:1 : 1 { "verseID": "2 Kings.11.1", "source": "וַֽעֲתַלְיָה֙ אֵ֣ם אֲחַזְיָ֔הוּ וראתה רָאֲתָ֖ה כִּ֣י מֵ֣ת בְּנָ֑הּ וַתָּ֙קָם֙ וַתְּאַבֵּ֔ד אֵ֖ת כָּל־זֶ֥רַע הַמַּמְלָכָֽה׃", "text": "And *ʿătalyāh* *ʾēm* *ʾăḥazyāhû* when she *rāʾătāh* that *mēt* her *bənāh*, *wattāqām* and *wattəʾabbēd* *ʾēt* all-*zeraʿ* the-*mamlākāh*.", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and, prefix", "*ʿătalyāh*": "proper noun, feminine singular - Athaliah", "*ʾēm*": "noun, construct state - mother of", "*ʾăḥazyāhû*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Ahaziah", "*rāʾătāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she saw", "*kî*": "conjunction - that, because", "*mēt*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - died, was dead", "*bənāh*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her son", "*wattāqām*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd feminine singular - and she arose", "*wattəʾabbēd*": "verb, piel imperfect consecutive, 3rd feminine singular - and she destroyed", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*kol*": "noun, construct - all of", "*zeraʿ*": "noun, masculine singular, construct - seed of", "*ha-mamlākāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the kingdom" }, "variants": { "*ʿătalyāh*": "Athaliah (name meaning 'YHWH has constrained')", "*rāʾătāh*": "saw, perceived, understood", "*mēt*": "died, was dead", "*wattāqām*": "and she arose, stood up, established herself", "*wattəʾabbēd*": "and she destroyed, annihilated, caused to perish", "*zeraʿ*": "seed, offspring, descendants, royal line", "*mamlākāh*": "kingdom, sovereignty, dominion, reign" } }
  • 2 Chr 22:3-4 : 3 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.22.3", "source": "גַּם־ה֣וּא הָלַ֔ךְ בְּדַרְכֵ֖י בֵּ֣ית אַחְאָ֑ב כִּ֥י אִמּ֛וֹ הָיְתָ֥ה יֽוֹעַצְתּ֖וֹ לְהַרְשִֽׁיעַ׃", "text": "Also-*hūʾ* *hālaḵ* in-*darḵēy* house-of-*ʾaḥʾāḇ* because *ʾimmō* *hāyətāh* *yōʿaṣtō* *ləharšīaʿ*.", "grammar": { "*hūʾ*": "Independent personal pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - 'he'", "*hālaḵ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - 'walked/went'", "*darḵēy*": "Noun feminine plural construct - 'ways of'", "*ʾaḥʾāḇ*": "Proper noun - 'Ahab'", "*ʾimmō*": "Noun feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his mother'", "*hāyətāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - 'was/became'", "*yōʿaṣtō*": "Qal participle feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his counselor/adviser'", "*ləharšīaʿ*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - 'to do wickedly/to act wickedly'" }, "variants": { "*darḵēy*": "ways/paths/conduct", "*yōʿaṣtō*": "his counselor/his adviser", "*ləharšīaʿ*": "to do wickedly/to act wickedly/to be wicked" } } 4 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.22.4", "source": "וַיַּ֧עַשׂ הָרַ֛ע בְּעֵינֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה כְּבֵ֣ית אַחְאָ֑ב כִּי־הֵ֜מָּה הָֽיוּ־ל֣וֹ יֽוֹעֲצִ֗ים אַחֲרֵ֛י מ֥וֹת אָבִ֖יו לְמַשְׁחִ֥ית לֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *wayyaʿaś* *hāraʿ* in-*ʿēynēy* *YHWH* like-house-of-*ʾaḥʾāḇ* because-*hēmmāh* *hāyū*-to-him *yōʿăṣīm* after *mōt* *ʾāḇīw* to-*mašḥīt* to-him.", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿaś*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - 'and he did'", "*hāraʿ*": "Adjective masculine singular with definite article - 'the evil'", "*ʿēynēy*": "Noun feminine dual construct - 'eyes of'", "*YHWH*": "Proper noun - divine name", "*ʾaḥʾāḇ*": "Proper noun - 'Ahab'", "*hēmmāh*": "Independent personal pronoun, 3rd person masculine plural - 'they'", "*hāyū*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - 'were/became'", "*yōʿăṣīm*": "Qal participle masculine plural - 'counselors/advisers'", "*mōt*": "Noun masculine singular construct - 'death of'", "*ʾāḇīw*": "Noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his father'", "*mašḥīt*": "Hiphil participle masculine singular - 'destruction/ruin'" }, "variants": { "*hāraʿ*": "the evil/wickedness/badness", "*ʿēynēy*": "eyes/sight/judgment", "*yōʿăṣīm*": "counselors/advisers", "*mašḥīt*": "destruction/ruin/corrupting influence" } }