Verse 5

{ "verseID": "Psalms.120.5", "source": "אֽוֹיָה־לִ֭י כִּי־גַ֣רְתִּי מֶ֑שֶׁךְ שָׁ֝כַ֗נְתִּי עִֽם־אָהֳלֵ֥י קֵדָֽר", "text": "*ʾôyâ*-to-me that-*gartî* *mešek* *šākantî* with-*ʾohŏlê* *qēdār*", "grammar": { "*ʾôyâ*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*gartî*": "verb, qal perfect 1st person singular - I sojourned/dwelled as foreigner", "*mešek*": "proper noun - Meshech", "*šākantî*": "verb, qal perfect 1st person singular - I dwelled/resided", "*ʾohŏlê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - tents of", "*qēdār*": "proper noun - Kedar" }, "variants": { "*ʾôyâ-lî*": "woe to me/alas for me", "*gartî*": "I have sojourned/I have lived as a foreigner", "*mešek*": "Meshech (people/place)", "*šākantî*": "I have dwelled/I have resided", "*ʾohŏlê qēdār*": "tents of Kedar (Arabian tribe)" } }

Other Translations

Referenced Verses

  • Ezek 27:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.13", "source": "יָוָ֤ן תֻּבַל֙ וָמֶ֔שֶׁךְ הֵ֖מָּה רֹֽכְלָ֑יִךְ בְּנֶ֤פֶשׁ אָדָם֙ וּכְלֵ֣י נְחֹ֔שֶׁת נָתְנ֖וּ מַעֲרָבֵֽךְ׃", "text": "*Yāwān* *Tubal* and-*Mešek* they [were] *rōkəlāyik*; with-*nepeš* *ʾādām* and-*kəlê* *nəḥōšet* *nātnû* *maʿărābēk*", "grammar": { "*Yāwān*": "proper noun - Javan/Greece", "*Tubal*": "proper noun - Tubal", "*Mešek*": "proper noun - Meshech", "*rōkəlāyik*": "masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your merchants", "*nepeš*": "feminine singular - soul/person", "*ʾādām*": "masculine singular - man/mankind", "*kəlê*": "construct state, masculine plural - vessels/implements of", "*nəḥōšet*": "feminine singular - bronze/copper", "*nātnû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they gave", "*maʿărābēk*": "masculine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your merchandise" }, "variants": { "*rōkəlāyik*": "your merchants/traders", "*nepeš ʾādām*": "souls of men/human lives/slaves", "*kəlê nəḥōšet*": "vessels of bronze/copper implements/bronze articles", "*maʿărābēk*": "your merchandise/wares/goods" } }
  • Gen 10:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Genesis.10.2", "source": "בְּנֵ֣י יֶ֔פֶת גֹּ֣מֶר וּמָג֔וֹג וּמָדַ֖י וְיָוָ֣ן וְתֻבָ֑ל וּמֶ֖שֶׁךְ וְתִירָֽס׃", "text": "*bənê Yepet Gōmer ûmāgôg ûmāday wəyāwān wətubāl ûmešek wətîrās*", "grammar": { "*bənê*": "masculine plural noun, construct state - sons of", "*Yepet*": "proper noun - Japheth", "*Gōmer*": "proper noun - Gomer", "*û-māgôg*": "conjunction wə- + proper noun - and Magog", "*û-māday*": "conjunction wə- + proper noun - and Madai", "*wə-yāwān*": "conjunction wə- + proper noun - and Javan", "*wə-tubāl*": "conjunction wə- + proper noun - and Tubal", "*û-mešek*": "conjunction wə- + proper noun - and Meshech", "*wə-tîrās*": "conjunction wə- + proper noun - and Tiras" }, "variants": { "*bənê*": "sons/descendants" } }
  • Gen 25:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Genesis.25.13", "source": "וְאֵ֗לֶּה שְׁמוֹת֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׁמָעֵ֔אל בִּשְׁמֹתָ֖ם לְתוֹלְדֹתָ֑ם בְּכֹ֤ר יִשְׁמָעֵאל֙ נְבָיֹ֔ת וְקֵדָ֥ר וְאַדְבְּאֵ֖ל וּמִבְשָֽׂם׃", "text": "*wə-ʾēlleh* *šəmôt* *bənê* *yišmāʿēʾl* *bi-šmōtām* *lə-tôləḏōtām* *bəḵōr* *yišmāʿēʾl* *nəḇāyōt* *wə-qēḏār* *wə-ʾaḏbəʾēl* *û-miḇśām*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾēlleh*": "waw conjunction + demonstrative pronoun, common plural - and these", "*šəmôt*": "noun, masculine plural construct - names of", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*yišmāʿēʾl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Ishmael", "*bi-šmōtām*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - by their names", "*lə-tôləḏōtām*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - according to their generations", "*bəḵōr*": "noun, masculine singular construct - firstborn of", "*yišmāʿēʾl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Ishmael", "*nəḇāyōt*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Nebaioth", "*wə-qēḏār*": "waw conjunction + proper noun, masculine singular - and Kedar", "*wə-ʾaḏbəʾēl*": "waw conjunction + proper noun, masculine singular - and Adbeel", "*û-miḇśām*": "waw conjunction + proper noun, masculine singular - and Mibsam" }, "variants": { "*šəmôt*": "names/titles", "*bi-šmōtām*": "by their names/according to their names", "*lə-tôləḏōtām*": "according to their generations/by their genealogies/by their birth order" } }
  • Song 1:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Song of Songs.1.5", "source": "שְׁחוֹרָ֤ה אֲנִי֙ וְֽנָאוָ֔ה בְּנ֖וֹת יְרוּשָׁלָ֑͏ִם כְּאָהֳלֵ֣י קֵדָ֔ר כִּירִיע֖וֹת שְׁלֹמֹֽה׃", "text": "*šĕḥôrāh* *ʾănî* *wĕ*-*nāʾwāh* *bĕnôt* *yĕrûšālāim* like-*ʾohŏlê* *qēdār* like-*yĕrîʿôt* *šĕlōmōh*", "grammar": { "*šĕḥôrāh*": "adjective, feminine, singular - black/dark", "*ʾănî*": "personal pronoun, 1st singular - I", "*wĕ-nāʾwāh*": "conjunction with adjective, feminine, singular - and comely/beautiful", "*bĕnôt*": "noun, feminine, plural construct - daughters of", "*yĕrûšālāim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*kĕ-ʾohŏlê*": "preposition with noun, masculine, plural construct - like tents of", "*qēdār*": "proper noun - Kedar", "*kî-yĕrîʿôt*": "preposition with noun, feminine, plural construct - like curtains of", "*šĕlōmōh*": "proper noun - Solomon" }, "variants": { "*šĕḥôrāh*": "black/dark/swarthy", "*nāʾwāh*": "comely/beautiful/attractive", "*qēdār*": "Kedar (nomadic Arabs known for their dark tents)" } }
  • Isa 60:6-7 : 6 { "verseID": "Isaiah.60.6", "source": "שִֽׁפְעַ֨ת גְּמַלִּ֜ים תְּכַסֵּ֗ךְ בִּכְרֵ֤י מִדְיָן֙ וְעֵיפָ֔ה כֻּלָּ֖ם מִשְּׁבָ֣א יָבֹ֑אוּ זָהָ֤ב וּלְבוֹנָה֙ יִשָּׂ֔אוּ וּתְהִלֹּ֥ת יְהוָ֖ה יְבַשֵּֽׂרוּ׃", "text": "*šip̄ʿaṯ* *gəmallîm* *təḵassēḵ* *biḵrê* *miḏyān* *wə-ʿêp̄āh* *kullām* *mišš-šəḇāʾ* *yāḇōʾû* *zāhāḇ* *û-ləḇônāh* *yiśśāʾû* *û-təhillōṯ* *YHWH* *yəḇaśśērû*", "grammar": { "*šip̄ʿaṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - multitude/abundance of", "*gəmallîm*": "noun, masculine plural - camels", "*təḵassēḵ*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - will cover you", "*biḵrê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - young camels/dromedaries of", "*miḏyān*": "proper noun - Midian", "*wə-ʿêp̄āh*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Ephah", "*kullām*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - all of them", "*mišš-šəḇāʾ*": "preposition + proper noun - from Sheba", "*yāḇōʾû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will come", "*zāhāḇ*": "noun, masculine singular - gold", "*û-ləḇônāh*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and frankincense", "*yiśśāʾû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will carry/bring", "*û-təhillōṯ*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural construct - and praises of", "*YHWH*": "divine name, proper noun", "*yəḇaśśērû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, piel - they will proclaim/announce" }, "variants": { "*šip̄ʿaṯ*": "multitude/abundance/great quantity", "*gəmallîm*": "camels/dromedaries", "*təḵassēḵ*": "will cover you/will overwhelm you", "*biḵrê*": "young camels/dromedaries/young ones", "*miḏyān*": "Midian (place name)", "*ʿêp̄āh*": "Ephah (place name)", "*mišš-šəḇāʾ*": "from Sheba (place name)", "*yāḇōʾû*": "will come/will arrive/will enter", "*zāhāḇ*": "gold/golden treasure", "*ləḇônāh*": "frankincense/incense", "*yiśśāʾû*": "will carry/will bring/will bear", "*təhillōṯ*": "praises/songs of praise/laudations", "*yəḇaśśērû*": "will proclaim/will announce/will bring good news of" } } 7 { "verseID": "Isaiah.60.7", "source": "כָּל־צֹ֤אן קֵדָר֙ יִקָּ֣בְצוּ לָ֔ךְ אֵילֵ֥י נְבָי֖וֹת יְשָׁרְת֑וּנֶךְ יַעֲל֤וּ עַל־רָצוֹן֙ מִזְבְּחִ֔י וּבֵ֥ית תִּפְאַרְתִּ֖י אֲפָאֵֽר׃", "text": "*kāl-ṣōʾn* *qēḏār* *yiqqāḇṣû* *lāḵ* *ʾêlê* *nəḇāyôṯ* *yəšārətûneḵ* *yaʿălû* *ʿal-rāṣôn* *mizbəḥî* *û-ḇêṯ* *tip̄ʾartî* *ăp̄āʾēr*", "grammar": { "*kāl-ṣōʾn*": "noun, masculine singular construct + noun, common singular - all flocks of", "*qēḏār*": "proper noun - Kedar", "*yiqqāḇṣû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, niphal - will be gathered", "*lāḵ*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - for you", "*ʾêlê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - rams of", "*nəḇāyôṯ*": "proper noun - Nebaioth", "*yəšārətûneḵ*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, piel with 2nd feminine singular suffix - they will serve you", "*yaʿălû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will go up", "*ʿal-rāṣôn*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - with acceptance/favor", "*mizbəḥî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st common singular suffix - my altar", "*û-ḇêṯ*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and house of", "*tip̄ʾartî*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 1st common singular suffix - my glory", "*ăp̄āʾēr*": "imperfect, 1st common singular, piel - I will beautify/glorify" }, "variants": { "*ṣōʾn*": "flocks/sheep/small livestock", "*qēḏār*": "Kedar (place name)", "*yiqqāḇṣû*": "will be gathered/will be assembled/will be collected", "*ʾêlê*": "rams/male sheep", "*nəḇāyôṯ*": "Nebaioth (place name)", "*yəšārətûneḵ*": "will serve you/will minister to you", "*yaʿălû*": "will go up/will ascend/will be offered", "*rāṣôn*": "acceptance/favor/goodwill/pleasure", "*mizbēaḥ*": "altar/place of sacrifice", "*bêṯ*": "house/temple/dwelling", "*tip̄ʾartî*": "my glory/my beauty/my splendor", "*ăp̄āʾēr*": "I will beautify/I will glorify/I will adorn" } }
  • Jer 9:2-3 : 2 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.9.2", "source": "וַֽיַּדְרְכ֤וּ אֶת־לְשׁוֹנָם֙ קַשְׁתָּ֣ם שֶׁ֔קֶר וְלֹ֥א לֶאֱמוּנָ֖ה גָּבְר֣וּ בָאָ֑רֶץ כִּי֩ מֵרָעָ֨ה אֶל־רָעָ֧ה ׀ יָצָ֛אוּ וְאֹתִ֥י לֹֽא־יָדָ֖עוּ נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*wayyadrĕkû* *'et*-*lĕšônām* *qaštām* *šeqer* *wĕlō'* for-*'ĕmûnāh* *gābrû* in-the-*'āreṣ* *kî* from-*rā'āh* to-*rā'āh* *yāṣā'û* *wĕ'ōtî* *lō'*-*yādā'û* *nĕ'um*-*YHWH*", "grammar": { "*wayyadrĕkû*": "waw consecutive + imperfect verb, 3rd person masculine plural - and they bend/draw", "*'et*": "direct object marker", "*lĕšônām*": "feminine noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their tongue", "*qaštām*": "feminine noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their bow", "*šeqer*": "masculine noun - falsehood/lie", "*wĕlō'*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*'ĕmûnāh*": "feminine noun with prefixed preposition - for faithfulness/truth", "*gābrû*": "perfect verb, 3rd person masculine plural - they have grown strong/prevailed", "*'āreṣ*": "feminine noun with prefixed preposition - in the land", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*rā'āh*": "feminine noun with prefixed preposition - from evil/wickedness", "*yāṣā'û*": "perfect verb, 3rd person masculine plural - they have gone out/proceeded", "*wĕ'ōtî*": "conjunction + direct object marker with 1st person singular suffix - and me", "*lō'-yādā'û*": "negative particle + perfect verb, 3rd person masculine plural - they have not known", "*nĕ'um-YHWH*": "construct phrase - declaration of YHWH" }, "variants": { "*wayyadrĕkû*": "and they bend/draw/stretch", "*lĕšônām*": "their tongue/language/speech", "*qaštām*": "their bow/weapon", "*šeqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception", "*'ĕmûnāh*": "faithfulness/truth/reliability", "*gābrû*": "they have grown strong/prevailed/been mighty", "*'āreṣ*": "land/earth/ground", "*rā'āh*": "evil/wickedness/calamity", "*yāṣā'û*": "they have gone out/proceeded/departed", "*yādā'û*": "they have known/acknowledged/recognized", "*nĕ'um*": "declaration/oracle/utterance" } } 3 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.9.3", "source": "אִ֤ישׁ מֵרֵעֵ֙הוּ֙ הִשָּׁמֵ֔רוּ וְעַל־כָּל־אָ֖ח אַל־תִּבְטָ֑חוּ כִּ֤י כָל־אָח֙ עָק֣וֹב יַעְקֹ֔ב וְכָל־רֵ֖עַ רָכִ֥יל יַהֲלֹֽךְ׃", "text": "*'îš* from-*rē'ēhû* *hiššāmērû* *wĕ'al*-*kol*-*'āḥ* *'al*-*tibṭāḥû* *kî* *kol*-*'āḥ* *'āqôb* *ya'qōb* *wĕkol*-*rēa'* *rākîl* *yahălōk*", "grammar": { "*'îš*": "masculine noun, singular - man/each person", "*rē'ēhû*": "masculine noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix and prefixed preposition - from his neighbor", "*hiššāmērû*": "imperative verb, 2nd person masculine plural, niphal - be on guard/beware", "*wĕ'al*": "conjunction + preposition - and against", "*kol*": "noun, construct state - all of/every", "*'āḥ*": "masculine noun - brother", "*'al-tibṭāḥû*": "negative particle + imperfect verb, 2nd person masculine plural, jussive - do not trust", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*'āqôb*": "infinitive absolute - supplanting/deceiving", "*ya'qōb*": "imperfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular - he will supplant/deceive", "*wĕkol*": "conjunction + noun, construct state - and every", "*rēa'*": "masculine noun - friend/neighbor", "*rākîl*": "masculine noun - slanderer/talebearer", "*yahălōk*": "imperfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular - he will walk/go about" }, "variants": { "*'îš*": "man/each person/anyone", "*rē'ēhû*": "his neighbor/friend/companion", "*hiššāmērû*": "be on guard/beware/take heed", "*'āḥ*": "brother/kinsman/relative", "*tibṭāḥû*": "trust/have confidence in/rely on", "*'āqôb ya'qōb*": "utterly deceives/thoroughly supplants/completely betrays (emphatic construction)", "*rēa'*": "friend/neighbor/companion", "*rākîl*": "slanderer/talebearer/gossiper", "*yahălōk*": "walks/goes about/proceeds" } }
  • Jer 9:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.9.6", "source": "לָכֵ֗ן כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת הִנְנִ֥י צוֹרְפָ֖ם וּבְחַנְתִּ֑ים כִּֽי־אֵ֣יךְ אֶעֱשֶׂ֔ה מִפְּנֵ֖י בַּת־עַמִּֽי׃", "text": "*lākēn* thus *'āmar* *YHWH* *ṣĕbā'ôt* *hinĕnî* *ṣôrĕpām* *ûbĕḥantîm* *kî*-how *'e'ĕśeh* from-*pĕnê* *bat*-*'ammî*", "grammar": { "*lākēn*": "adverb - therefore", "*'āmar*": "perfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular - he has said", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ṣĕbā'ôt*": "feminine plural noun - of hosts/armies", "*hinĕnî*": "interjection with 1st person singular suffix - behold me", "*ṣôrĕpām*": "participle, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - refining them", "*ûbĕḥantîm*": "conjunction + perfect verb, 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and I will test them", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*'e'ĕśeh*": "imperfect verb, 1st person singular - I will do", "*pĕnê*": "masculine plural noun, construct state with prefixed preposition - from the face of", "*bat*": "feminine noun, construct state - daughter of", "*'ammî*": "masculine noun with 1st person singular suffix - my people" }, "variants": { "*lākēn*": "therefore/thus/for this reason", "*'āmar*": "said/spoke/declared", "*ṣĕbā'ôt*": "of hosts/armies/multitudes", "*hinĕnî*": "behold me/look, I am/here I am", "*ṣôrĕpām*": "refining them/smelting them/purifying them", "*ûbĕḥantîm*": "and I will test them/try them/examine them", "*'e'ĕśeh*": "I will do/act/perform", "*pĕnê*": "face of/presence of/because of", "*bat-'ammî*": "daughter of my people (collective term for the people)" } }
  • Jer 15:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.15.10", "source": "אֽוֹי־לִ֣י אִמִּ֔י כִּ֣י יְלִדְתִּ֗נִי אִ֥ישׁ רִ֛יב וְאִ֥ישׁ מָד֖וֹן לְכָל־הָאָ֑רֶץ לֹֽא־נָשִׁ֥יתִי וְלֹא־נָֽשׁוּ־בִ֖י כֻּלֹּ֥ה מְקַלְלַֽונִי׃", "text": "Woe-to-me, my-mother, that *yəlidtinî* *ʾîš rîb* and-*ʾîš mādôn* to-all-*hā-ʾāreṣ*! Not-*nāšîtî* and-not-*nāšû-bî*, yet-all *məqalləlawnî*.", "grammar": { "*yəlidtinî*": "qal perfect 2nd feminine singular with 1st common singular suffix - you bore me", "*ʾîš*": "noun common masculine singular construct - man of", "*rîb*": "noun common masculine singular - strife/contention", "*mādôn*": "noun common masculine singular - contention/strife", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "article + noun common feminine singular - the land/earth", "*nāšîtî*": "qal perfect 1st common singular - I have lent", "*nāšû-bî*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural with preposition and 1st common singular suffix - they have lent to me", "*məqalləlawnî*": "piel participle masculine singular with 1st common singular suffix - cursing me" }, "variants": { "*ʾôy-lî*": "woe to me/alas for me", "*ʾîš rîb wə-ʾîš mādôn*": "man of strife and man of contention/man of conflict and man of dispute", "*lō-nāšîtî wə-lō-nāšû-bî*": "I have not lent, nor have they lent to me/I have neither borrowed nor have they borrowed from me", "*kullōh məqalləlawnî*": "everyone curses me/all of them curse me" } }
  • Jer 49:28-29 : 28 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.49.28", "source": "לְקֵדָ֣ר ׀ וּֽלְמַמְלְכ֣וֹת חָצ֗וֹר אֲשֶׁ֤ר הִכָּה֙ *נבוכדראצור **נְבֽוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֣ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֔ל כֹּ֖ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֑ה ק֚וּמוּ עֲל֣וּ אֶל־קֵדָ֔ר וְשָׁדְד֖וּ אֶת־בְּנֵי־קֶֽדֶם", "text": "To *Qedar* and to *mamlakhot* *Khatsor* which *hikka* *Nevukhadre'tsar* *melekh*-*Bavel*, thus *amar* *YHWH*: *qumu* *alu* to *Qedar* and *shaddu* *benei*-*qedem*", "grammar": { "*Qedar*": "proper noun - Kedar", "*mamlakhot*": "noun, feminine plural construct - kingdoms of", "*Khatsor*": "proper noun - Hazor", "*hikka*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he struck/defeated", "*Nevukhadre'tsar*": "proper noun - Nebuchadnezzar", "*melekh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*Bavel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*amar*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he has said", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*qumu*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - arise/stand up", "*alu*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - go up/ascend", "*shaddu*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - plunder/devastate", "*benei*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*qedem*": "noun, masculine singular - east" }, "variants": { "*mamlakhot*": "kingdoms/realms", "*hikka*": "struck/defeated/conquered", "*melekh*": "king/ruler", "*amar*": "said/spoke/declared", "*qumu*": "arise/stand up/get up", "*alu*": "go up/advance against/attack", "*shaddu*": "plunder/devastate/despoil", "*benei-qedem*": "sons of the east/people of the east" } } 29 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.49.29", "source": "אָהֳלֵיהֶ֤ם וְצֹאנָם֙ יִקָּ֔חוּ יְרִיעוֹתֵיהֶ֧ם וְכָל־כְּלֵיהֶ֛ם וּגְמַלֵּיהֶ֖ם יִשְׂא֣וּ לָהֶ֑ם וְקָרְא֧וּ עֲלֵיהֶ֛ם מָג֖וֹר מִסָּבִֽיב", "text": "Their *oholeihem* and their *tsonam* *yiqqakhu*, their *yerioteihem* and all their *keleihem* and their *gemalleihem* *yissu* for themselves; and they *qaru* against them *magor* from *saviv*", "grammar": { "*oholeihem*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd person masculine plural possessive suffix - their tents", "*tsonam*": "noun, common singular + 3rd person masculine plural possessive suffix - their flocks", "*yiqqakhu*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will take", "*yerioteihem*": "noun, feminine plural + 3rd person masculine plural possessive suffix - their curtains/tent cloths", "*keleihem*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd person masculine plural possessive suffix - their vessels/implements", "*gemalleihem*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd person masculine plural possessive suffix - their camels", "*yissu*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will carry away", "*qaru*": "qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have called", "*magor*": "noun, masculine singular - terror/fear", "*saviv*": "adverb - around/surrounding" }, "variants": { "*oholeihem*": "their tents/dwellings", "*tsonam*": "their flocks/sheep", "*yiqqakhu*": "will take/seize/capture", "*yerioteihem*": "their curtains/tent cloths", "*keleihem*": "their vessels/implements/equipment", "*gemalleihem*": "their camels", "*yissu*": "will carry away/lift up/take away", "*qaru*": "have called/proclaimed/cried out", "*magor*": "terror/fear/dread", "*saviv*": "around/surrounding/on every side" } }
  • Ezek 27:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.21", "source": "עֲרַב֙ וְכָל־נְשִׂיאֵ֣י קֵדָ֔ר הֵ֖מָּה סֹחֲרֵ֣י יָדֵ֑ךְ בְּכָרִ֤ים וְאֵילִים֙ וְעַתּוּדִ֔ים בָּ֖ם סֹחֲרָֽיִךְ׃", "text": "*ʿĂrab* and-all-*nəśîʾê* *Qēdār* they [were] *sōḥărê* *yādēk*; with-*kārîm* and-*ʾêlîm* and-*ʿattûdîm* with-them *sōḥărāyik*", "grammar": { "*ʿĂrab*": "proper noun - Arabia", "*nəśîʾê*": "construct state, masculine plural - princes/chieftains of", "*Qēdār*": "proper noun - Kedar", "*sōḥărê*": "construct state, masculine plural participle - merchants of", "*yādēk*": "feminine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your hand", "*kārîm*": "masculine plural - lambs", "*ʾêlîm*": "masculine plural - rams", "*ʿattûdîm*": "masculine plural - he-goats", "*sōḥărāyik*": "masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your merchants" }, "variants": { "*nəśîʾê*": "princes/chieftains/leaders of", "*sōḥărê yādēk*": "merchants of your hand/traders under your control", "*ʿattûdîm*": "he-goats/male goats" } }
  • Ezek 38:2-3 : 2 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.38.2", "source": "בֶּן־אָדָ֗ם שִׂ֤ים פָּנֶ֙יךָ֙ אֶל־גּוֹג֙ אֶ֣רֶץ הַמָּג֔וֹג נְשִׂ֕יא רֹ֖אשׁ מֶ֣שֶׁךְ וְתֻבָ֑ל וְהִנָּבֵ֖א עָלָֽיו׃", "text": "*ben-ʾādām*, set *pānêḵā* against-*Gôg* *ʾereṣ haMāgôg*, *nəśîʾ rōʾš Mešeḵ wə-Tuḇāl*, and-*hinnāḇēʾ* against-him", "grammar": { "*ben-ʾādām*": "construct form - son of man/human being/mortal", "*śîm*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - set/place/direct", "*pānêḵā*": "common noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your face", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/toward/against", "*Gôg*": "proper noun - Gog", "*ʾereṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*ha-Māgôg*": "proper noun with definite article - the Magog", "*nəśîʾ*": "common noun, masculine singular - prince/chief/ruler", "*rōʾš*": "common noun, masculine singular - head/chief/top", "*Mešeḵ*": "proper noun - Meshech", "*wə-Tuḇāl*": "proper noun with conjunction prefix - and Tubal", "*wə-hinnāḇēʾ*": "niphal imperative, masculine singular with conjunction - and prophesy", "*ʿālāyw*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - against him" }, "variants": { "*ben-ʾādām*": "son of man/human/mortal", "*pānêḵā*": "your face/your attention/yourself", "*nəśîʾ rōʾš*": "chief prince/prince of Rosh/head prince", "*hinnāḇēʾ*": "prophesy/speak prophecy/proclaim divine message" } } 3 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.38.3", "source": "וְאָ֣מַרְתָּ֔ כֹּ֥ה אָמַ֖ר אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֑ה הִנְנִ֤י אֵלֶ֙יךָ֙ גּ֔וֹג נְשִׂ֕יא רֹ֖אשׁ מֶ֥שֶׁךְ וְתֻבָֽל׃", "text": "*wə-ʾāmartā*, thus *ʾāmar ʾĂdōnāy YHWH*, *hinnənî* against-you, *Gôg*, *nəśîʾ rōʾš Mešeḵ wə-Tuḇāl*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾāmartā*": "qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular with conjunction - and you shall say", "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so/in this manner", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he said/says", "*ʾĂdōnāy*": "proper noun with 1st person plural suffix - my Lord/Master", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*hinnənî*": "interjection with 1st person singular suffix - behold me/here I am", "*ʾēlêḵā*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to/against you", "*Gôg*": "proper noun - Gog", "*nəśîʾ*": "common noun, masculine singular - prince/chief/ruler", "*rōʾš*": "common noun, masculine singular - head/chief/top", "*Mešeḵ*": "proper noun - Meshech", "*wə-Tuḇāl*": "proper noun with conjunction prefix - and Tubal" }, "variants": { "*hinnənî*": "behold me/I am against you/I am here", "*nəśîʾ rōʾš*": "chief prince/prince of Rosh/head prince" } }
  • Ezek 39:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.39.1", "source": "וְאַתָּ֤ה בֶן־אָדָם֙ הִנָּבֵ֣א עַל־גּ֔וֹג וְאָ֣מַרְתָּ֔ כֹּ֥ה אָמַ֖ר אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֑ה הִנְנִ֤י אֵלֶ֙יךָ֙ גּ֔וֹג נְשִׂ֕יא רֹ֖אשׁ מֶ֥שֶׁךְ וְתֻבָֽל", "text": "And *ʾattâ* *ben-ʾādām* *hinnābēʾ* against *Gôg* and *ʾāmartā*, thus *ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH*: *hinənî* against you, *Gôg*, *nāśîʾ* of *rōʾš* *mešek* and *tūbāl*", "grammar": { "*ʾattâ*": "pronoun, 2nd masculine singular - you", "*ben-ʾādām*": "construct phrase - son of man", "*hinnābēʾ*": "niphal imperative, masculine singular - prophesy", "*Gôg*": "proper noun - Gog", "*ʾāmartā*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and you shall say", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - has said/says", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person suffix - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*hinənî*": "particle + 1st person singular suffix - behold me/I am", "*nāśîʾ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - prince/chief of", "*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine singular - head/chief/top", "*mešek*": "proper noun - Meshech", "*tūbāl*": "proper noun - Tubal" }, "variants": { "*hinnābēʾ*": "prophesy/speak as a prophet", "*nāśîʾ*": "prince/chief/ruler/leader", "*rōʾš*": "head/chief/top/beginning/summit/Rosh (as proper name)" } }
  • Mic 7:1-2 : 1 { "verseID": "Micah.7.1", "source": "אַ֣לְלַי לִ֗י כִּ֤י הָיִ֙יתִי֙ כְּאָסְפֵּי־קַ֔יִץ כְּעֹלְלֹ֖ת בָּצִ֑יר אֵין־אֶשְׁכּ֣וֹל לֶאֱכ֔וֹל בִּכּוּרָ֖ה אִוְּתָ֥ה נַפְשִֽׁי׃", "text": "*ʾallay* to me, for *hāyîtî* like *ʾōsəpê*-*qayiṣ*, like *ʿōləlōt* *bāṣîr*; *ʾên*-*ʾešəkôl* to eat, *bikkûrāh* *ʾiwwətāh* *napəšî*.", "grammar": { "*ʾallay*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*lî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - to/for me", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*hāyîtî*": "Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have become/I am", "*kə*": "preposition - like/as", "*ʾōsəpê*": "construct plural noun - gatherings/gleanings of", "*qayiṣ*": "masculine singular noun - summer fruit/harvest", "*ʿōləlōt*": "feminine plural noun - gleanings", "*bāṣîr*": "masculine singular noun - grape harvest/vintage", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*ʾešəkôl*": "masculine singular noun - cluster (of grapes)", "*leʾĕkôl*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to eat", "*bikkûrāh*": "feminine singular noun - early/first-ripe fig", "*ʾiwwətāh*": "Piel perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it desires/longs for", "*napəšî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my soul/self" }, "variants": { "*ʾallay*": "woe/alas/ah me", "*ʾōsəpê-qayiṣ*": "gatherings of summer fruit/late harvest/gleanings after the main harvest", "*ʿōləlōt*": "gleanings/leftover grapes after harvest", "*bāṣîr*": "grape harvest/vintage/grape-gathering", "*ʾešəkôl*": "cluster of grapes/bunch", "*bikkûrāh*": "first-ripe fig/early fruit/first-fruit", "*ʾiwwətāh*": "desires/longs for/craves", "*napəšî*": "my soul/my appetite/myself/my being" } } 2 { "verseID": "Micah.7.2", "source": "אָבַ֤ד חָסִיד֙ מִן־הָאָ֔רֶץ וְיָשָׁ֥ר בָּאָדָ֖ם אָ֑יִן כֻּלָּם֙ לְדָמִ֣ים יֶאֱרֹ֔בוּ אִ֥ישׁ אֶת־אָחִ֖יהוּ יָצ֥וּדוּ חֵֽרֶם׃", "text": "*ʾābad* *ḥāsîd* from-the-*ʾāreṣ*, and-*yāšār* among-*ʾādām* *ʾāyin*; *kullām* for-*dāmîm* *yeʾĕrōbû*, *ʾîš* *ʾet*-his brother *yāṣûdû* *ḥērem*.", "grammar": { "*ʾābad*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - has perished/disappeared", "*ḥāsîd*": "masculine singular adjective/noun - godly/pious person", "*min*": "preposition - from", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the land/earth", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*yāšār*": "masculine singular adjective/noun - upright person", "*bā-ʾādām*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - among men/humanity", "*ʾāyin*": "particle of negation - there is not/none", "*kullām*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - all of them", "*lə-dāmîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - for blood/bloodshed", "*yeʾĕrōbû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they lie in wait/ambush", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - man/each one", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾāḥîhû*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his brother", "*yāṣûdû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they hunt/trap", "*ḥērem*": "masculine singular noun - net/ban/destruction" }, "variants": { "*ʾābad*": "perished/disappeared/vanished", "*ḥāsîd*": "godly person/pious one/faithful one", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground/territory", "*yāšār*": "upright person/honest one/just person", "*ʾādām*": "mankind/humanity/people", "*dāmîm*": "blood/bloodshed/blood-guilt", "*yeʾĕrōbû*": "lie in wait/ambush/lurk", "*yāṣûdû*": "hunt/trap/catch", "*ḥērem*": "net/ban/destruction/devoted thing" } }
  • 2 Pet 2:7-8 : 7 { "verseID": "2 Peter.2.7", "source": "Καὶ δίκαιον Λὼτ, καταπονούμενον ὑπὸ τῆς τῶν ἀθέσμων ἐν ἀσελγείᾳ ἀναστροφῆς ἐρρύσατο:", "text": "*Kai dikaion Lōt, kataponoumenon hypo tēs tōn athesmōn en aselgeia anastrophēs errysato*:", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*dikaion*": "accusative singular masculine - 'righteous'", "*Lōt*": "accusative singular masculine - 'Lot'", "*kataponoumenon*": "present passive participle, accusative singular masculine - 'being worn down/distressed'", "*hypo*": "preposition with genitive - 'by/under'", "*tēs*": "genitive singular feminine article - 'the'", "*tōn athesmōn*": "genitive plural masculine - 'of the lawless ones'", "*en aselgeia*": "preposition with dative singular feminine - 'in licentiousness'", "*anastrophēs*": "genitive singular feminine - 'conduct/way of life'", "*errysato*": "aorist indicative middle, 3rd singular - 'rescued/delivered'" }, "variants": { "*dikaion*": "righteous/just/upright", "*kataponoumenon*": "being worn down/distressed/oppressed/exhausted", "*athesmōn*": "lawless ones/without restraint/unprincipled", "*aselgeia*": "licentiousness/debauchery/sensuality/wantonness", "*anastrophēs*": "conduct/way of life/behavior/manner of living", "*errysato*": "rescued/delivered/saved from" } } 8 { "verseID": "2 Peter.2.8", "source": "(Βλέμματι γὰρ καὶ ἀκοῇ ὁ δίκαιος, ἐγκατοικῶν ἐν αὐτοῖς, ἡμέραν ἐξ ἡμέρας ψυχὴν δικαίαν ἀνόμοις ἔργοις ἐβασάνιζεν·)", "text": "(*Blemmati gar kai akoē ho dikaios, egkatoikōn en autois, hēmeran ex hēmeras psychēn dikaian anomois ergois ebasanizen*;)", "grammar": { "*Blemmati*": "dative singular neuter - 'by sight/looking'", "*gar*": "postpositive particle - 'for'", "*kai*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*akoē*": "dative singular feminine - 'by hearing'", "*ho dikaios*": "nominative singular masculine - 'the righteous man'", "*egkatoikōn*": "present active participle, nominative singular masculine - 'dwelling among'", "*en autois*": "preposition with dative plural - 'among them'", "*hēmeran ex hēmeras*": "accusative singular + preposition + genitive singular - 'day after day'", "*psychēn*": "accusative singular feminine - 'soul'", "*dikaian*": "accusative singular feminine - 'righteous'", "*anomois*": "dative plural masculine - 'by lawless'", "*ergois*": "dative plural neuter - 'deeds/works'", "*ebasanizen*": "imperfect indicative active, 3rd singular - 'was tormented/tortured'" }, "variants": { "*Blemmati*": "by sight/looking/seeing/watching", "*akoē*": "by hearing/listening", "*dikaios*": "righteous man/just person", "*egkatoikōn*": "dwelling among/living among/residing with", "*hēmeran ex hēmeras*": "day after day/day by day/daily", "*psychēn*": "soul/inner self/life", "*dikaian*": "righteous/just/upright", "*anomois*": "lawless/without law/contrary to law", "*ergois*": "deeds/works/actions", "*ebasanizen*": "was tormented/tortured/distressed/vexed" } }
  • Rev 2:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Revelation.2.13", "source": "Οἶδα τὰ ἔργα σου, καὶ ποῦ κατοικεῖς, ὅπου ὁ θρόνος τοῦ Σατανᾶ: καὶ κρατεῖς τὸ ὄνομά μου, καὶ οὐκ ἠρνήσω τὴν πίστιν μου, καὶ ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ἐν αἷς Ἀντιπᾶς ὁ μάρτυς μου ὁ πιστός, ὃς ἀπεκτάνθη παρʼ ὑμῖν, ὅπου ὁ Σατανᾶς κατοικεῖ.", "text": "*Oida* the *erga* of-you, and where *katoikeis*, where the *thronos* of-the *Satana*: and *krateis* the *onoma* of-me, and not *ērnēsō* the *pistin* of-me, and in the *hēmerais* in which *Antipas* the *martus* of-me the *pistos*, who *apektanthē* beside you, where the *Satanas katoikei*.", "grammar": { "*Oida*": "perfect with present meaning, 1st singular - I know/am aware", "*erga*": "accusative, neuter, plural - works/deeds", "*katoikeis*": "present indicative, 2nd singular - you dwell", "*thronos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - throne", "*Satana*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of Satan", "*krateis*": "present indicative, 2nd singular - you hold fast", "*onoma*": "accusative, neuter, singular - name", "*ērnēsō*": "aorist indicative middle, 2nd singular - you denied", "*pistin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - faith/belief", "*hēmerais*": "dative, feminine, plural - days", "*Antipas*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Antipas (name)", "*martus*": "nominative, masculine, singular - witness", "*pistos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - faithful", "*apektanthē*": "aorist indicative passive, 3rd singular - was killed", "*Satanas*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Satan", "*katoikei*": "present indicative, 3rd singular - dwells" }, "variants": { "*katoikeis*": "dwell/inhabit/reside", "*thronos*": "throne/seat of power", "*krateis*": "hold fast/hold firmly/keep", "*ērnēsō*": "denied/disowned/refused", "*pistin*": "faith/belief/trust", "*martus*": "witness/martyr/testimony", "*pistos*": "faithful/trustworthy/loyal", "*apektanthē*": "was killed/was slain" } }
  • 1 Sam 25:1 : 1 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.25.1", "source": "וַיָּ֣מָת שְׁמוּאֵ֔ל וַיִּקָּבְצ֤וּ כָל־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וַיִּסְפְּדוּ־ל֔וֹ וַיִּקְבְּרֻ֥הוּ בְּבֵית֖וֹ בָּרָמָ֑ה וַיָּ֣קָם דָּוִ֔ד וַיֵּ֖רֶד אֶל־מִדְבַּ֥ר פָּארָֽן׃", "text": "And *wəyāmāt* *Šəmûʾēl* and *wayyiqqābəṣû* all-*Yiśrāʾēl* and *wayyispədû*-to-him and *wayyiqbəruhû* in-*bayit*-his in-*hārāmāh* and *wayyāqām* *Dāwid* and *wayyēred* to-*midbār* *Pāʾrān*.", "grammar": { "*wəyāmāt*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he died", "*Šəmûʾēl*": "proper noun - Samuel", "*wayyiqqābəṣû*": "waw consecutive + niphal imperfect 3mp - and they gathered themselves", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wayyispədû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3mp - and they mourned", "*wayyiqbəruhû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3mp + 3ms suffix - and they buried him", "*bayit*": "noun masculine singular construct - house of", "*hārāmāh*": "proper noun with definite article - the Ramah", "*wayyāqām*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he arose", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*wayyēred*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he went down", "*midbār*": "noun masculine singular construct - wilderness of", "*Pāʾrān*": "proper noun - Paran" }, "variants": { "*wayyispədû*": "mourned/lamented/wailed", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land" } }